職稱英語衛(wèi)生類b級模擬7

職稱英語衛(wèi)生類B級模擬7

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子均有一個(gè)詞或短語劃有底橫線，請從每個(gè)句子后面所

給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇一個(gè)與劃線部分意義最相近的詞或短語。

1>TheweatherherehasbeenexceptionaHymild.

A.extremelyB.identically

C.fashionablyD.faithfully

2、Hewassaidtohavebeen(removed)fromthepositionofmanagerforarecent

conflictwithanimportantcustomer.

A.dismissedB.releasedC.pickedD.exposed

3、Ididn11immediatelyrealizethathowseriousthesituationwas.

A.oncemoreB.rightnowC,fightdownD.onceagain

4、Ireservetherighttodisagree.

A.deserveB.keepC.perceiveD.notice

5、Doyoubelievethesetwointimatefriendsusedtobeenemies?

A.bearableB.internalC.closeD.believable

6、Yourcompassandclockarethemostessentialinstrumentsinsailing.

A.equipmentsB.tools

C.instructionsD.opportunities

7、Thisbookembracesmanysubjects.

A.adoptsB.coversC：pressesD.accepts

8、Wearewastingprecioustimesittingaroundhere.

A.valuableB.leisureC.spareD.previous

9、Youmustshineyourshoes.

A.lightenB.cleanC.washD.polish

10>Abeautifulwomanattendedtomeinthatstoreyesterday,

A.waitedonB.talkedtoC.spoketoD.stayedwith

11>Theseareourmotivesfordoingit.

A.reasonsB.argumentsC.targetsD.pursuit

12>Successfulleadersdominateeventsratherthanreactthem.

A.controlB.contributeC?conveyD.contact

13>Theexamplewasfundamentaltotheargument.

A.impressiveB.publicC.essentialD.slight

14、Hedidhisbesttoinspirehisteamtogreatefforts.

A.persuadeB.instructC,encourageD.

discourage

15>Inotifiedhimthatthemeetinghadbeenpostponed.

A.informedB?observedC,mockedD.misled

第2部分：閱讀判斷

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個(gè)句子作出判

斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A項(xiàng)；如果該句提供的錯誤信息，請選擇B項(xiàng);

如果該句的信息文章中沒有提及，請選擇C項(xiàng)。

StomachUlcer

Stomachulcersarethecauseofseverepainformanypeople.Doctorshave

beenabletohelplessenthepainofulcers.Theycouldnotcurethem.Now

doctorshavediscoveredacauseofulcers.Thismeanstheymayhavefound

awaytocurepeoplewhosufferfromthestomachpain.Studiesshowthatten

percentofthepopulationwilldevelopanulceratsometimeintheirlife.

Soapossiblecureisgoodnewsformanypeople.

Ulcersarewoundsinthestomachthataresimilartosmallcutsortears.

Thesewoundscanharmthetissueinthestomach,thepipethatcarriesthe

foodtothestomachorpartsofthesmallintestines.Fluidsinthestomach

thenincreasethepainofanulcer.Howdoesapersonknowheorshehasan

ulcer?Doctorssaymostpeoplewithulcersfeelaburningpainintheirchest

orstomach.Thispainofteniscalledheartbum.Itusuallyhappensbefore

eatingorduringthenight.Itcausessomepeopletolosetheirdesireto

eat,ortheyareunabletokeepfoodintheirstomachs.Doctorsbelievedthat

ulcerswerecausedbyunusuallystrongstomachfluids,whichdamagedstomach

tissue.Nowtheyhavediscoveredthatmostulcersarecausedbyabacterial

organismcalledHillicoBactorPilorieorH.Pillorie.H.Pilloriebacteria

arewhatmakestomachproduceextrastomachfluid.Doctorsfoundthatthey

cankillthebacteriawithmedicinescalledantibiotics.Healthexpertssay

thediscoveryofacureforulcersansavethousandsofmillionsofdollars

inmedicalcosts.Theyalsobelievecuringulcerswillreducethenumberof

peoplewhodevelopstomachcancer.Thenumberofpeoplewithstomachcancer

isveryhighinJapan,SoutheastAsiaandpartsofAfrica.

Doctorssayapersonismorelikelytogetanulcerifhisorherfamily

hashadone.Infactapersonwiththefamilyhistoryofulcersisthreetimes

morelikelytogetonethanotherpeople.Therearewayspeoplecanprotect

themselvesfromdevelopinganulcer.Doctorssayitismoreimportanttoreduce

theamountofstrongfluidsinthestomach.Todothis,doctorssay,people

shouldnotsmokecigarettesordrinkalcohol.Andtheysaypeopleshouldreduce

tensionintheirlives.

16、Inthepastzdoctorscouldnotdoanythingaboutstomachulcers.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Nowdoctorscansuccessfullycurestomachulcers.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、Somepeoplearelikelytosufferfromthestomachpainatsometimein

theirlife.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Doctorshavediscoveredacauseofulcersaftermanyyearsofexperiments.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Therehasbeenachangeindoctors1understandingofthecauseofstomach

ulcer.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21、Stomachulcercanleadtostomachcancer.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Peoplewhoeatalotofspicyfoodaresusceptibletostomachulcers.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項(xiàng)測試任務(wù)：（1）1?4題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第

2?5段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題；⑵第5?8題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正確的

選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。請將答案寫在相應(yīng)的位置上。

HowWeFormFirstImpression

Weallhavefirstimpressionofsomeonewejustmet.Butwhy?Whydowe

formanopinionaboutsomeonewithoutreallyknowinganythingabouthimor

her-asideperhapsfromafewremarksorreadilyobservabletraits.

Theanswerisrelatedtohowyourbrainallowsyoutobeawareoftheworld.

Yourbrainissosensitiveinpickingupfacialtraitszevenveryminordifference

inahowaperson*seyeszears,nose,ormouthareplacedinrelationtoeach

othermakeyouseehimorherasdifferent.Infact,yourbraincontinuously

processesincomingsensoryinformation-thesightsandsoundsofyourworld.

Thesesincoming"signals"arecomparedagainstahostof"memories"stored

inthebrainareascalledthecortex（大腦皮層）systemtodeterminewhatthese

newsignals"mean".

H

Ifyouseesomeoneyouknowandlikeatschoolzyourbrainsaysfamiliar

andsafe".Ifyouseesomeonenew,itsaysz"new--potentiallythreatening".

Thenyourbrainstartstomatchfeaturesofthisstrangerwithother"knownH

memories.Theheight,weightzdresszethnicity,gesturesandtoneofvoice

areallmatchedup.Themoreunfamiliarthecharacteristics,themoreyour

brainmaysay,"Thisisnew.Idon*tlikethisperson.HOrelse,nIamintrigued.H

Oryourbrainmayperceiveanewfacebutfamiliarclotheszethnicity,

gestures--likeyourotherfriends；soyourbrainsays：*'Ilikethisperson.n

Butthesespreliminary"impressions"canbedeadwrong.

Whenwestereotypepeople,weusealessmatureformofthinking（notunlike

theimmaturethinkingofaveryyoungchild）thatmakessimplisticand

categoricalimpressionsofothers.Ratherthanlearnaboutthedepthandbreadth

ofpeople--theirhistory,interest,valueszstrengthszandtruecharacter--we

categorizethemasjocks,geekszorfreaks.

However,ifweresistinitialstereotypicalimpressionszwehaveachance

tobeawareofwhatapersonistrulylike.Ifwespendtimewithaperson,

1

hearabouthisorherlife,hopeszdreams,andbecomeawareofthepersons

character,weuseadifferentzmorematurestyleofthinking--andthemost

complexareasofourcortex,whichallowustobehumane.

23、Paragraph2.

A.Waysofdeparturefromimmatureandsimplisticimpressions

B.Commentonfirstimpression

C.Illustrationoffirstimpression

D.Comparingincomingsensoryinformationagainstmemories

E.Threateningaspectoffirstimpressions

F.Differencesamongjocks（騙子），geeks（反常人）andfreaks（'怪人）

24、Paragraph3.

25、Paragraph4.

26>Paragraph5.

27、Sensoryinformationisonethatisreceivedthrough

A.astranger*slessmaturetypeofthinking

B.themostcomplexareasofourcortex

C.theimmatureformofthinkingofaveryyoungpeople

D.themeaningofincomingsensoryinformation

E.thesightsandsoundsoftheworld

F.anopportunitytoanalyzedifferentformsofthinking

28、Youinterpretbycomparingitagainstthememoriesalreadystored

inyourbrain.

29、Thewaywestereotypepeopleisalessmatureformofthinking,which

issimilarto.

30、Wecanuseourmaturestyleofthinkingthanksto

第4部分：閱讀理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請仔細(xì)閱讀短文并

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答其后面的問題，從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案。

第一篇

USBlacksHard-hitbyCancer

DeathratesfromcancerarefallingforallAmericans,butblackAmericans

arestillmorelikelytodieofcancerthanwhitesztheAmericanCancerSociety

saidMonday.

Inaspecialreportoncancerandblacks,theorganizationsaidblacks

areusuallydiagnosedwithcancerlaterthanwhiteszandtheyaremorelikely

todieofthedisease.

Thiscouldbebecauseofunequalaccesstomedicalcare,becauseblacks

aremorelikelytohaveotherdiseaseslikediabetesaswell,andperhaps

becauseofdifferencesinthebiologyofthecanceritself,thereportadded.

"Ingeneral,AfricanAmericanshavelesslikelihoodofsurvivingfiveyears

n

afterdiagnosisthanwhitesforallcancersitesandallstagesofdiagnosisz

thereportsaid.

,*IndescribingcancerstatisticsforAfricanAmericans,thisreport

recognizesthatsocioeconomicdisparitiesandunequalaccesstomedicalcare

mayunderliemanyofthedifferencesassociatedwithrace.n

Thecancersocietysaidblacksshouldbeencouragedtogetcheck-upsearlier,

whencancerismoretreatable,anditsaidmoreresearchwasneededtosee

ifbiologicaldifferencesplayarole.

"Thenewstatisticsemphasizethecontinuingimportanceofeliminating

thesesocialdisparitiesthroughpublicpolicyandeducationefforts,"the

organizationsaidinastatement.

Butitalsonotedadropincancerdeathrates.

"Cancerdeathratesinbothsexesforallsitescombinedhavedeclined

substantiallyamongAfricanAmericanssince1992,ashaveincidencerates,"

saysthereport.

"Increasedeffortstoimproveeconomicconditionsincombinationwith

educationabouttherelationshipoflifestylechoicestocancercouldfurther

reducetheburdenofcanceramongAfricanAmericans.n

About36millionAmericansdescribethemselvesasblack,representingabout

12percentofthepopulation.

31、BlackAmericansaremorelikelytodieofcancerthan.

A.whitepeopleallovertheworld

B.whitepeopleinAmerica

C.allotherAmericans

D.theirancestors

32、Allthefollowingareprobablyrelatedtothehighercancerdeathrates

amongblackAmericansEXCEPT.

A.accesstomedicalcare

B.lifestylechoices

C.economicconditions

D.percentageofthepopulation

33>Cancerismoretreatableifitisdetected.

A.inanearlystage

B.togetherwithotherdiseases

C.duringcheck-ups

D.inelderlypeople

34、Moreresearchisneededtoseeifthereislinkbetweenbiologicaldifferences

and.

A.cancersitesB.stagesofdiagnosis

C.cancerdeathratesD.socioeconomic

disparities

35、Since1992zcancerincidenceratesamongblackAmericans

A.havebeengoingupanddown

B.haveremainedstable

C.haveincreased

D.havefallen

弟一^扁

Obesity（肥胖）：theScourge（禍害）oftheWesternWorld

Obesityisrapidlybecominganewscourgeofthewesternworld,delegates

agreedatthe11thEuropeanConferenceontheissueinViennaWednesdayto

Saturday.Accordingtostatementsbeforetheopeningoftheconference-of

2,000specialistsfrommorethan50countries-1.2billionpeopleworldwide

areoverweightzand250millionareobese.

ProfessorBernhardLudvikofViennaGeneralHospitalsaid,nObesityis

achronicillness.InGermany,20percentofthepeoplearealreadyaffected,

butinJapanonlyonepercent.HButhesaidthattherewashopeforsufferers

thankstothenewscientificdiscoveriesandmedication.

ProfessorFriedrichHopichlerofSalzbergsaid,"Wearelivinginthenew

age(but)withthemetabolismofastone-ageman.n"Ihavejustbeentothe

UnitedStates.Itisreallyterrible.Apizzashopisspringinguponevery

corner.WehavebeenoverrunbyfastfoodandCoca-Cola.n

Manyoftheexpertsstressedthatobesitywasapotentialkiller.Hopichler

said："Eightypercentofalldiabeticsareobese,alsofiftypercentofall

patientswithhighbloodpressureandfiftypercentwithadiposetissue

complaints.n"Tenpercentmoreweightmeansthirteenpercentmoreriskof

heartdisease.Reducingone1sweightbytenpercentleadstothirteenper

centlowerbloodpressure.n

AnotherexpertHermannToplaksaidthatthestatehealthservicesshould

improvetheirfinancingofpreventiveprograms."Thoughthehealthinsurance

paysforsurgery(suchasreducingthesizeofthestomach)whenthebody-mass

indexismorethan40.Thatisequivalenttoaweightof116kilogramsfor

aheightof1.70meters.Oneshouldstartearlier.n

Ludviksaidthatpreventionshouldbegininschool.nChildobesity(fat

deposits)correlateswiththetimewhichchildrenspendinfrontofTVsets."

Theconsequenceswereonlyapparentlateron.Nomorethanfifteenper

centofobesepeoplelivedtotheaveragelifeexpectancyfortheirpopulation

group.

scourgen.天災(zāi)；禍害

obesityn.肥胖癥

overrunvt.侵?jǐn)_；蹂蹣

obeseadj.肥胖的

diabeticn.糖尿病患者；adj.糖尿病的

medicationn.藥物療

adiposeadj.脂肪有；肥胖的

metabolismn.新陳代謝

36、Itisestimatedthattherearepeoplesufferingfromobesityin

theworld.

A.250,000,000B.1,200,000,000C.1,450,000,000D.

950,000,000

37、Itseemsthatthepeopleareleastaffectedbyobesityamongthe

developedcountriesandareasmentionedinthepassage.

A.EuropeanB.GermanC.AmericanD.

Japanese

38、Whichofthefollowingismostoftenaccompaniedbyobesity?

A.Highbloodpressure.B.Fattytissue

complaints.

C.Diabetes.D.Stomachache.

39、Whatisthecorrelationbetweenbodyweightandheartdiseaseandblood

pressure?

A.Tenpercentlessbodyweightmeanstenpercentlessrisk

ofheartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure.

B.Thirteenpercentmorebodyweightmeanstenpercentmore

riskofheartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure.

C.Themorebodyweightonegains,themoreriskofheartdisease

andhighbloodpressurehehas.

D.Thelessbodyweightonegainszthemoreriskofheartdisease

andthelessriskofhighbloodpressurehehas.

40、Fromthelastparagraphwemayinferthatoneoftheeffectivemeasures

suggestedbyLudviktopreventchildrenfrombeingobesewouldbe_______.

A.nottopermitthemtowatchTVatall

B.totellthemtospendlesstimewatchingTV

C.toturnoffTVwhentheyareinfrontofTVsets

D.tocalculateaccuratelythetimethatachildspendswatching

TV

第三篇

HowAnimalsKeepWarm

Manhasinventedwaystokeepwarm,buthowdoanimalsdefendthemselves?

Theycannotreasoninthesensethatmancan,butnaturehastakencareof

theanimalkingdombyprovidinganimalswithspecialinstincts.Oneofthese

instinctsisknownashibernation.

"Sleepinglikeadormouse"isnotonlyacommonsayingbutisareality.

Whenwintercomeszthedormouseandotherhibernatinganimalshavereached

awe11-nourishedstate.Theyeatverywellinwarmerdayslayingdownfat

inthetissuesoftheirbodiesandduringhibernationthiskeepsthemalive.

Safeintheirnestszorburrowsztheysleepsoundlyuntilthewarmthofspring

arrives.

Bats,tortoises,snakeszfrogs,eveninsectslikebutterflies,hibernate

moreorlesscompletely.Some,likethesquirrels,sleepduringcoldestweather

butarerousedbyawarmspell.Duringhibernation,thetemperatureofan

animal*sbodydropsdrastically.Breathingandheart-beatsalmostcease.

Anotherinstinctivemethodofavoidingintensecoldistoescapebymeans

ofmigration.Wildswans,seagulls,swallowsandcuckoosareafewofthe

verymanykindsofbirdswhichflythousandsofmiles,twiceayear,toavoid

cold.ManyanimalszespeciallythoseoftheArcticreindeerofEurope,move

southwardtowardstheforestswhenwinterapproaches.Theyreturntothe

northernareawhenthewarmthofspringbeginstobesensed.

Thereareanimalswhichdonotattempttoleaveatthefirstsignofwinter

cold.Theirinstinctivemeansofdefenseistodigoutadeepburrow,made

softandwarmbypaddingoutwithstraw,leaves,mossandfur.Initthey

havea11secretplace"containingfoodwhichtheyhopewilllastthewinter

through!AnimalswhichfallintothisclassincludetheArcticfox,therabbit

andtheermine,andthelittlefield-mice.

41、Howdoesthedormousedefenditselfagainstcoldinwinter?

A.Itmovesabouttokeepwarm.

B.Itgrowsthickerfur.

C.Itsleepscontinuously.

D.Itgoestowarmerareas.

42、Whatkeepsanimalsaliveduringhibernation?

A.Thefatstoredintheirbodies.

B.Theirthickfur.

C.Theirwarmburrows.

D.Theirdeepsleep.

43、Duringhibernation,animalsbreathe

A.normallyB.ataslowerrate

C.atafasterrateD.irregularly

44、Accordingtothepassage,whatis"migration”?

A.Movingfromoneplacetoanotherwiththeseason.

B.Livinginburrowsinwinter.

C.Travelinginthewintermonths.

D.Leavingone1sowncountryforanother.

45、Howdoerminessurviveinwinter?

A.Theyleavetheircosyburrowsandmigratetowarmerlands.

B.Theysleepsoundlyinsidetheirburrowsinwinter.

C.Theydigoutburrowsandstorethemwithenoughfood.

D.Theystayintheirburrowsandliveonthefoodstoredthere.

第5部分：補(bǔ)全對話

閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后有6組文字，請根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇5

組文字，將其分別放回文章原有的位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。請將答案填在相應(yīng)的橫線

±o

Vitamins

Vitaminsareorganiccompoundswhicharepresentincertainfoodsandare

essentialtothehealthofmenandotheranimals.46Withoutthesesubstances,

thebreakdownandabsorptionoffoodscouldnotoccur.Certainvitamins

participateintheformationofbloodcellszhormones,nervoussystemchemicalsz

andgeneticmaterials.47Fat-solublevitaminsincludevitaminsA,D,Eand

K.Thewater-solublevitaminsincludevitaminCandtheB-vitamincomplex.

Fat-solublevitaminsareusuallyabsorbedwithfoodsthatcontainfat.

Excessiveamountsofthesevitaminsarestoredinthebody*sfatztheliver

andkidneys.Becausefat-solublevitaminscanbestored,theydonothave

tobeconsumedeveryday.

48AdeficiencyofvitaminAleadstoskinchangesandnightblindnessz

orfailureoftheeyetoadapttothedark.VitaminAcanbeobtaineddirectly

fromfoodsofanimaloriginsuchasmilk,eggs,andliver.49.

VitaminDactsmucklikeahormoneandregulatescalciumandphosphorus

absorptionandmetabolism.SomevitaminDisobtainedfromsuchfoodsaseggs,

fish,liver,butter,andmilk.ButhumansgetmostoftheirvitaminDfrom

exposureoftheskintosunlight.AdeficiencyofvitaminDleadstobone

problems.

TheroleofvitaminEinthehumanbodyhasnotbeenestablished.50Vitamin

Eisfoundinseedoiland