Unit1Period2Learningaboutlanguage（課件）高二英語(yǔ)（人教版2019選擇性）

BuildupyourvocabularyPeriod2LearningaboutLanguage高中英語(yǔ)/人教版2019/選擇性必修第二冊(cè)Topracticethevocabularylearntinthisunit.Tolearnhowtousepredicativeclauses.Tomakesentencesusingpredicativeclauses.Findthewordsfromthepreviouspageswiththefollowingprefixesorsuffixes.Thenaddtwomorewordsforeachprefixorsuffix,andexplaintheirmeanings.PrefixWordsPrefixWordsre-

micro-

dis-

trans-

removemorewords:retell,reassuremicroscopemorewords:microelement,microbiologydiscovermorewords:distract,disagreetransformmorewords:

transact,transcript前綴釋

義單詞re-review,reappear,rearrangereturn,retreat,reflect,dis-discourage,disorder,dishonest

micro-microcomputer,microchip,microorganismtrans-transport,transfer,transmittransnational,transcontinental,transatlanticagainbacknotsmallchangeacross,over,beyondThemeaningsoftheprefixesabove.SuffixWordsSuffixWords-ory

-ial

-ion

-ology

contradictorymorewords:revisory,directoryinfectionmorewords:information,solutionsubstantialmorewords:social,adverbialepidemiologymorewords:geology,ecology后綴釋義單詞-orysensory,auditory,category-ioncollection,conclusion,explanation-ialbeneficial,martial,ceremonial-ologysociology,psychology,technologyoforrelatingtoactionorprocesshavingthecharacteristicsof

abranchofknowledgeThemeaningsoftheabovesuffixes.Combinetheverbsandtheprepositionsinthecircletomakeasmanyverbialphrasesaspossible.dieofsuspect...of...blameforlink…to…subscribetoWordsandphrasesfocusonsmileatexcuse...fordefend...fromappealtosucceedin......consistofdependontakeonparticipateinagreetoapplyto/forsufferfromsearchforprotect...from...Makephrasesbycombiningthewordsintheleftboxwiththoseontheright.Thencompletethesentencesusingthesephrases.1.Manyscientists____________theviewthatitishumanactivitythathascausedglobalwarming.2.Hewasto__________theaccidentbecausehedroveonthewrongsideoftheroad.3.Theman____________beingbehindtherobberywasseencrossingthestreet.4.Sinceheartdiseaseisoften_________ourlifestylechoices,weneedtomakehealthylivinganimportantpartofourlives.subscribesuspectblamelinksubscribetoblamefortoofforsuspectedoflinkedtoPossiblephrases:subscribeto,suspectof,blamefor,linktoMoreexamples:Fillintheblankswithphrases:

subscribeto,suspectof,blamefor,linkto.1.Ifyou_________

him

______participationintherobbery,pleasereporttothepoilceimmediately.2.Andthen________thosepagesusingthemethoddescribedabove.3.Ifyou___________thisnewspaper,you’llgetanextramagazine.4.Thereisasenseinwhichweareall____________thetragedy.suspectoflinktosubscribetotoblamefor1.Itisnotunusualforanathletetobewellknownwhileheisactive,andquicklyforgottenwhenhisathleticcareerisover.2.I’msureshe’lldealwiththechangesverywellbecauseshe’sveryadaptable.3.Hewasreadytoservedinnertohisfriendswhenherealisedthathehadforgottentoturnontheovenandthemeatwasnotcookedyet.4.Heusedhisgreatinfluencetochangethethinkingofthescientificcommunityonthisissue.5.Scientistshavecollectedmoredatathanexpectedtoprovethetheory.Replacetheunderlinedpartswithsuitablewordsfromthebox.ahouseholdname(家喻戶曉的)handleraw,ahouseholdname,substantial,statistics,handleraw(未成熟的)substantial(重大的)statistics(數(shù)據(jù))UKscientistsbelievetheymayhavefoundawaytofightthecommoncold.Itblocksakeyproteininthebody’scellsthatisto_______forthespreadofcold-causingvirus.Targetingthehostratherthanthe_________wasabitnon-traditionalbutmadesensebecauseitwastrickytotargetthevirus.Cold-causingvirusarenotonlyof_________kinds,theyalso___________rapidly,meaningtheycanquicklydevelopresistancetomedicine.Researchersareworkingonmakingaformofmedicinethatcanbetakendirectlyintoone’slungs,to_________thechanceofsideeffects.Thoughthesescientistshavemade__________advancesintheirresearch,further______isneededtomakesuresuchdrugsarenotso_______thattheyharmthebody.Readthispassageaboutmedicalscience.Completeitusingthewordsbelow.blameinfection,multiple,decrease,severe,transform,proof,blame,substantialinfectionmultipletransformdecreasesubstantialproofsevereConsolidationEncouragethestudentstouseamindmap

to

clarifywordsandexpressionslearnedintheunit.ScienceScientiststheoryproofevidenceinvestigatetruthstasisticdatafinding...outstandinggiftedbrilliantpatrioticwell-respectedleadingknowlegeableahouseholdnamehaveagreateffecton...DiscoverusefulstructuresDiscoveryThetruthwasthatthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste.predicativeclause_____________________________________________________________________________Onetheorywas

thatbadaircausedthedisease.Anotherwas

thatcholerawascausedbyaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater.Itseemed

thatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.Thetruthwas

thatthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste.Underlinealltheexamplesinthereadingpassagewherenounclausesareusedasthe

predicative.Thenstatetheirmeaningandfunctions.在句中用作表語(yǔ)的從句叫做表語(yǔ)從句，它一般位于主句的系動(dòng)詞之后，對(duì)主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行解釋、說(shuō)明，使主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容具體化。表語(yǔ)從句必須用陳述語(yǔ)序。e.g.Theproblemiswhobrokethevaluablevaseinthemuseum.Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)haveatimelydiscussiontomorrowmorning.PredicativeClauses(表語(yǔ)從句)連系動(dòng)詞狀態(tài)類:

be動(dòng)詞,seem,appear,keep,remain,stay,lie,stand…

感官類:look,smell,taste,sound,feel…變化類:become,get,turn,grow,fall,come,go,run…Furtherexamples:1.Hewillhavetoremaininhospitalforatleast10days.2.Inthepast,theUNhasstayedoutoftheinternalaffairsofcountriesunlessinvitedin.3.Toeveryonewhoknewthem,theyseemedanidealcouple.4.Thereappearstobeincreasingsupportfortheleadershiptotakeamoreaggressivestance.5.TheArchbishopofCanterburyhassoundedawarningtoEurope’sleadersonthirdworlddebt.6.Ourhostranalongextensioncordoutfromthehouseandsetupascreenandaprojector.

表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞連接詞連詞：在從句中不作成分連接代詞：在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)連接副詞：在從句中作狀語(yǔ)that,whether,asif,asthough,because…what,who,whom,whose,which,whatever,whoever,whichever…when,where,how,why…e.g.

Thetroubleis

thatweareshortofmoneyatpresent.Thequestioniswhetherthegovernmentshouldpayforsomeofthedrugsthatpatientswant.Itsounds

asif/thoughyouarefromthesouthoftheUnitedStates.Thisis

becausethisplantiswhatthattripwasallabout.That’s

whyImusttrustyoutokeepthissecret.Hehasbecomewhathewantedtobetenyearsago.Thequestionis

howwecanfindthesuitablemanforthejob.表語(yǔ)從句要點(diǎn)歸納1.表語(yǔ)從句一定要用陳述語(yǔ)序。

e.g.Oneadvantageofweightliftingis

thatitcanhelpbuildourbody.2.that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí),在句中只起連接作用,不充當(dāng)句子成分,無(wú)實(shí)際意義,一般不能省略。

e.g.Thesituationatpresentis

that

Ihavelosthisformeraddress.that

引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)____任何意義，在從句中______成分,只能起______作用，一般情況下_______省略。無(wú)不充當(dāng)連接不能3.whether引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，起連接作用，意為“是否，究竟，到底”，在從句中不作任何成分，也不能省略。而if則不能引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。

e.g.Thequestionis

whetherit’sworthtrying.連接詞whether起_____作用，意為“_________________”，在句中也不作任何成分。連接是否、究竟、到底4.連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等除在句中起連接作用外，在從句中還充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)，本身有一定的詞義。

e.g.Fameandpersonalgainiswhatthey’reafter.

Theproblemiswhotopayandwhenwecanstart.連接代詞what,which,who,whom,whose

除在句子中起______作用外，還可在從句中作_____、_____、_____或______，且各有詞義。連接主語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)5.連接副詞where,when,why,how等除在句中起連接作用，在從句中還充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，表示地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、原因、方式等，本身具有一定的詞義。

e.g.Mydoubtiswhentheywillcomeandgotoseetheoldprincipalwithus.

WhatIdon’tunderstandishowhecoulddosuchasillything.連接副詞where,when,why,how除在句中起______作用外，在從句中還充當(dāng)______、_____、______或______狀語(yǔ)，本身具有詞義。連接時(shí)間地點(diǎn)方式原因6.Thatisbecause...

指原因或理由；Thatiswhy...

則指由于某種原因所造成的后果。

e.g.Henrydidn’twatchthefootballgamelastnight.Thatwasbecausehehadtohelphislittledaughterwithherhomework.

Barberahadseenthefilmonlinebefore.Thatwaswhyshewasn’twillingtocomeandseeityesterday.當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)是__________或why引導(dǎo)的_________時(shí)常用_____來(lái)引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，而不用because。thereason主語(yǔ)從句that7.需使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的表語(yǔ)從句

在advice,suggestion,desire,requirement,order,proposal等表示建議、勸告、命令等含義的名詞后的表語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should可省略。

e.g.Mysuggestionisthatthesports(should)beputofftilltomorrow.1.Thereasonwhyheislateforschoolis_____

hemissedthefirstearlybus.2.Whywedecidedtodelaythefootballmatchis

_____

theweatherwastoobad.thatthatthat/this/it+is/was+why+______(原因/結(jié)果),表示“__________________”that/this/it

+is/was+because+______(原因/結(jié)果),表示“_________________”thereasonwhy…isthat…中why是引導(dǎo)_________，that引導(dǎo)的是_________，表示“___________________”。原因這/那就是…的原因結(jié)果這/那就是因?yàn)椤ㄕZ(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句……的原因是……

當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)是表示建議(suggestion,advice)、命令(order)、要求(request,proposal)、計(jì)劃(plan)等的名詞時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。Answerthefollowingquestionsusingtheinformationfromthereadingpassageaswellasthepredicativeclauses.WhatwasitthatJohnSnowshowedtotheworld→WhatJohnSnowshowedtotheworldwashowcholeracouldbeovercome.1.WhatwasSnow’sdiscoveryintwoparticularstreetsinLondonSnow’sdiscoveryintwoparticularstreetsinLondonwasthat________________________________________________________________________.thecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays2.WhatwasSnowdeterminedtofindoutduringthe1854outbreakofcholerainLondonWhatSnowwasdeterminedtofindoutwaswhy_________________________________________________________.3.WhatweretheexactplacesSnowmarkedonthemapTheexactplacesSnowmarkedonthemapwerewhere___________________________.4.WhatwasthefindingthatSnowannouncedSnow’sfindingwasthat__________________________________.

thecholeraoutbreakhadcausedover500deathswithintendays

allthosewhodiedhadlivedthepumpwatercarriedcholeragermsDavidistalkingtoMariaabouttheirscientificresearchproject.FirstcompleteDavid’slines(A-E),usingthewordsinthebox.ThenputDavid’slinesinthecorrectorderandpractisetheconversation.asif,that,what,who,when,how,why,whose,which,whetherA.Absolutely.Youmaynotbelieveit,butthatwas______happenedattheinitialstageofourgroup’sresearchondevelopingavaccineformalaria.B.Yes,itis.Anditseemed_____allthetheorieswereuseful,butthefactwas_____wecouldn’tpersuadeoneanotherthatonetheorywasbetterthananother.C.Exactly.Theproblemwasnotabout________allourtheorieswereequallygood,butindeciding_______theorytodependupon.D.Werealisedthatwhatwecaredaboutwasnot_______aspectweneededtodevelopatheoryin,butrather______wecanreducethecostofavaccinewithoutreducingitseffect!E.You’reright.Atlast,webecamefocusedonthekeyissue,whichwas______wehadtocarryouttheresearchinthefirstplace.whatasifthatwhetherwhosewhichhowwhyMaria:Thismixoftheoryanddataisoneofthekeycharacteristicsofwhatwecallscience.David:Maria:WithyourtheoreticalframeworkDavid:Maria:Decidingonatheoryisdefinitelyofcriticalimportance. David:Maria:Thiswaswhenyoushouldhavecalmeddownandgotdowntodoingsomesolidwork.David:Maria:SowhathappenedintheendDavid:A.Absolutely.Youmaynotbelieveit,butthatwaswhathappenedattheinitialstageofourgroup’sresearchondevelopingavaccineformalaria.C.Exactly.Theproblemwasnotaboutwhetherallourtheorieswereequallygood,butindecidingwhosetheorytodependupon.B.Yes,itis.Anditseemedasifallthetheorieswereuseful,butthefactwasthatwecouldn’tpersuadeoneanotherthatonetheorywasbetterthananother.E.You’reright.Atlast,webecamefocusedonthekeyissue,whichwaswhywehadtocarryouttheresearchinthefirstplace.D.Werealisedthatwhatwecaredaboutwasnotwhichaspectweneededtodevelopatheoryin,butratherhowwecanreducethecostofavaccinewithoutreducingitseffect!Completethefollowingideasbyfamousscientistswithawordorexpressionthatintroducesapredicativeclauseandtranslatetheminyourownwords.asthoughbecausethatwhatwhoeverwhy1.Thatfactis_______morethanseventypercentoftheearth’ssurfaceiscoveredbywater.2.Thegirlisgivingusavividdescriptionofthemoon.Itseems____________shehadbeentothemoonmanytimes.3.Theproblemis__________wecangettoreplaceher.thatasthough/ifwhoeverasthoughbecausethatwhatwhoeverwhy4.Shealwaysplayscomputergamesonline.Thatis______shefailedtopasstheexam.5.Whichroadweshouldtakeis______Iwanttoknow.6.Iwaspunishedbytheteacheryeterday.It’s________IpassedaslipofpaperforJohntoHeleninclass.whywhat

becauseTom:Hi,Jane.Iwanttobecomeascientist.Myquestionis_____scientistsw