Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World 語言點(知識梳理)

第頁Module6UnexplainedMysteriesoftheNaturalWorld語言點學習目標重點單詞attack,sharp,claim,calm,exist,adapt,cover,indicate,fortune重點短語dieout,closeto,comestraighttothepoint,dueto重點句型Therebe句型及其變式結(jié)構(gòu)should與疑問詞連用知識講解重點單詞attack【原句回放】Itoftengetsangryandwillattackanyonewhogoesclosetoit.它常變得很生氣并攻擊靠近它的人?！军c撥】attackvt.攻擊；進攻；侵襲；n.攻擊；進攻；(疾病等)發(fā)作；著手attacksb.forsth.由于某事而責難某人attacksb.withsth.用……攻擊某人attackon/against...向……攻擊beattackedwithadisease患病launch/makeanattackon/upon...對……發(fā)動進攻underattack受到攻擊aheartattack心臟病發(fā)作Weattackedtheenemyatdawn.在黎明時我們進攻敵人。Thesoldiersmadeastrongattackontheenemy.戰(zhàn)士們向敵人發(fā)起猛烈進攻。Thecitycameunderattackduringthenight.城市在夜晚遭到攻擊。AsfarasIknow,hediedbecauseofaheartattack.據(jù)我所知，他死于心臟病發(fā)作?！就卣埂縜ttackern.攻擊者sharp【原句回放】thesharpnailsthatsomeanimalsandbirdshaveontheirfeet一些動物和鳥的腳上有尖銳的趾甲【點撥】sharpadj.鋒利的；尖的；陡的，急轉(zhuǎn)的；輪廓鮮明的；明顯的；（感覺、味道）強烈的，辛辣的；刺耳的，刺骨的;adv.猛烈地；尖銳地；尖利地；準時地Idisliketheman;hehassuchasharptongue.我不喜歡這個人，他愛說刻薄挖苦的話。Theystartedanattackagainsteachotherwithsharpwords.他們開始用激烈的言語相互抨擊。Hebutcheredthepigwithasmallsharpknife.他用一把鋒利的小刀殺豬。Thesnow-cappedmountainsstoodoutinsharpreliefagainstthebluesky.白雪皚皚的山巒與藍天形成了鮮明對比。Sheplannedtounlockthestoreat8.00sharpthismorning.她打算今天早上8點整準時開門營業(yè)。claim【原句回放】Althoughnoonereallygotaclearlookatthemysteriouscreature,XueJunlin,alocalphotographer,claimedthatitsheadlookedlikeahorse.【點撥】claimv.聲稱；主張；要求；索賠；n.斷言；權(quán)利；要求權(quán)；所有權(quán)claimtodosth./that...聲稱/主張做……Itisclaimedthat...有人主張……claimsth.fromsb.forsth.因為……向某人索要……賠償金layclaimto宣稱……應歸其所有；認領……makeaclaimforsth.要求Itisclaimedthatsometeachersinourschoolareworking90hoursaweek.據(jù)說我們學校有些老師每周工作90小時。HeclaimedtohaveseentheMonaLisa.＝HeclaimedthathehadseentheMonaLisa.他宣稱他看過《蒙娜麗莎》那幅畫。Heclaimedthathehaddonetheworkwithouthelp.他聲稱未得到幫助就完成了此項工作。Theymadeaclaimforhigherpay.他們要求提高薪水。calm【原句回放】MrLiXiaohesaidthathisfamilywereabletoseethemonsterclearlybecausetheweatherwasfineandthelakewascalm.李小和先生說他和家人看清楚了怪物，因為當時天氣好，湖水平靜?！军c撥】calmvt.(使)平靜，鎮(zhèn)定；adj.平靜的，沉著的calmoneself平靜下來calmdown(使)安靜下來keepcalm保持冷靜Hetookadeepbreathtocalmhimself.他深吸一口氣使自己平靜下來。Wetriedtocalmhimdown,buthekeptshoutingandcrying.我們試圖使他安靜下來，但是他仍然不停地叫喊著。Calmdown.Thereisnothingtoworryabout!安靜下來吧，沒有什么可擔憂的。You’dbetterkeepcalminfaceofdanger.面對危險你最好保持冷靜?！就卣埂勘嫖觯篶alm，quiet，still與silentcalm：平靜的，沉著的，指無風浪或人的心情不激動。Thatwasacalmday.那是個無風的(平靜的)日子。quiet：安靜的，寧靜的；指沒有聲音，不吵鬧或心里沒有煩惱焦慮。Askthechildrentokeepquiet.讓孩子們安靜。still：不動的，靜止的，指沒有運動或動作的狀態(tài)。TheofficeraskedtheSwedetokeepstill.軍官叫那個瑞典人別動。silent：寂靜的，沉默的，不發(fā)音的，指沒有聲音或不講話。Shekeptsilentaboutthematter.她對此事保持沉默。exist【原句回放】somethingthatcontinuestoexistafterdeath在死后仍存在的某物【點撥】existvi.存在；實有；生存existin在于……existon＝liveon靠……生存Onecannotexistwithoutair.人沒有空氣就不能生存。IcanhardlyexistonthewageI’mgetting;thereisnomoneyforluxuries.我靠我掙的工資簡直難以糊口，根本無錢享受?！就卣埂縠xistencen.存在；實有；生活；生活方式comeintoexistence出現(xiàn)；產(chǎn)生bringsth.intoexistence使某物出現(xiàn)、產(chǎn)生inexistence存在Scientistshavemanytheoriesabouthowtheuniversefirstcameintoexistence.關于宇宙最初是如何產(chǎn)生的，科學家們有許多種理論。adapt【原句回放】Ifyouadapttosomething,youcanchangeinordertomakethesituationbetter.如果你能適應某事，你就能為了環(huán)境的更加美好而改變自己。【拓展】adaptv.(使)適應；改編adaptoneselfto使自己適應……adaptto適應adapt...for...根據(jù)……改寫，改編beadaptedfor...為……改編/寫；被改編成beadaptedfrom...根據(jù)……改編Childrenadaptquicklytonewsurroundings.兒童能很快適應新環(huán)境。Itishardtoadaptthisstoryforthefilm.要將這小說改編成電影很困難。Thefilmisadaptedfromanovel.這部電影由一部小說改編而成。cover【原句回放】Itis2,189metreshighandcoversanareaofabouttensquarekilometers.天池海拔2,189米，面積大約有10平方公里?！军c撥】covervt.有(多大面積)，占地……；采訪；覆蓋；走完(一段路程)；看完(若干頁書)Ourcollegecoversanareaof1,000mu.我們的大學占地1,000畝。Manyjournalistsweresenttocoverthemedicalconference.許多記者被派去采訪醫(yī)學大會。Themountainwascoveredwithsnowalltheyearround.山上終年積雪。TheRedArmycovered25,000liontheLongMarch.紅軍長征時走了二萬五千里。Howmanypageshaveyoucovered？你讀了多少頁？indicate【原句回放】However,acrosstheborderinWales,thereddragonwhichappearsontheWelshflagisapositivesymbol,indicatingstrengthandasenseofnationalidentity.然而，一界之隔的威爾士國旗上的紅龍是一個正面形象，表示力量和國家認同感?！军c撥】indicatev.暗示；指示；表示；表明indicatesth.象征……；表明……；標志……indicatesth.tosb.向某人指出……；向某人表示……indicate＋從句示意；表明indicatorn.指示物；指示者；指示器Theblackcloudsindicatethatitwillrain.烏云預示很快要下雨了。Heindicatedthathewantedtochangehisjob.他表示他想換工作。Duringourmeetingheindicatedhiswillingnesstocooperate.在我們會晤期間，他暗示出了合作的意愿。Thearrowonasignindicatesthewaytogo.標志上的箭頭指示的是應走的路?！就卣埂縤ndicationn.表明；象征；暗示Thereisnoindicationthathewillrecoverfromtheillness.他的病沒有康復的跡象。fortune【原句回放】SotheChinesedragonwasabringerofgoodfortune.因此，中國龍是好運的使者?！军c撥】fortunen.運氣；命運；(averylargeamountofmoney) 大筆的錢，巨款注意：當表示“財富”時，fortune是可數(shù)名詞，常用其單數(shù)形式，如：alargefortune一大筆錢；而wealth是不可數(shù)名詞，possessions表示“所有物”要用復數(shù)形式。tellone’sfortune給某人算命tryone’sfortune碰運氣makeafortune發(fā)財HewenttoAustraliaandsoonmadeafortune.他到澳大利亞后，不久就發(fā)財了【拓展】fortunateadj.幸運的fortunatelyadv.幸運地Fortunately,hefoundthemoneythathehadlost.幸運的是，他找到了他丟失的錢。重點短語dieout【原句回放】【點撥】dieout(指宗族、物種)滅絕；滅亡；(習俗等)漸漸消失；(火)逐漸熄滅Thiskindofbirdisdyingout.這種鳥正瀕臨滅絕。Ifwegoonkillingtoomanyoftheserareanimals，theywilldieout.如果我們繼續(xù)捕殺這些稀有動物，他們就可能滅絕。Manyoldcustomsaregraduallydyingout.許多舊習俗正在日漸消失。Thefireisdyingout.You’dbetteraddsomefirewood.火快滅了，你最好添點柴火?！就卣埂勘嫖鰀iedown，dieout與dieawaydiedown指(風、雨等)逐漸平息；(車輛等)慢慢停下來；(植物等)漸漸凋零；(火等)熄滅。主要強調(diào)由強變?nèi)踹@一逐漸變化的過程。Thewindhasdieddownobviously.風已明顯減弱了。Theflamesdiedown.火焰熄滅了。dieaway指(風、聲音等)漸漸消失。Hisfootstepsdiedawayinthedarkness.他的腳步聲在黑暗中漸漸消失了。Thenoiseofthemotorcardiedaway.汽車的噪聲消失了。dieout意為“死光；滅絕；不流行；消失”。Thiskindofbirdhasdiedoutinthisarea.這種鳥已經(jīng)在這一地區(qū)滅絕了。closeto【原句回放】Itoftengetsangryandwillattackanyonewhogoesclosetoit.它經(jīng)常生氣并襲擊靠近它的任何人?！军c撥】closeto幾乎；接近；接近于，to是介詞，后面加名詞或動名詞。be/getcloseto接近；靠近beclosetodeath/tears/despair差一點死去/差一點哭出來/幾乎絕望beclosetodoingsth.幾乎/差一點做某事Severaltimeshetriedtogetclosetotheboyinthewater,buthefailedbecauseofwaves.好幾次他努力去靠近水里的男孩，可因為風浪太大都失敗了。Hewasclosetobeingkilledintheaccident.他差點死于這場事故。comestraighttothepoint【原句回放】I’llcomestraighttothepoint.我開門見山地講?！军c撥】comestraighttothepoint談正題；開門見山Let’scomestraighttothepointaswehavemuchtodo.由于有很多事要做，我們就開門見山的說吧。Iwishhecouldcomestraighttothepoint.多希望他能切入正題！【拓展】offthepoint離題onthepointof(doing)sth.正要做某事tothepoint簡明恰當，簡潔中肯There’snopointindoingsth.做某事沒有意義。whenitcomestothepoint到了關鍵時刻Theletterwasshortandtothepoint.這封信簡短而切中主題。Yourcriticismisoffthepoint.你的批評離題。Iwasonthepointofleavingwhenyoutelephoned.你來電話時我正要離開。Thereisnopointinpersuadinghim.Hewillnotchangehismind.勸說他沒意義，他不會改變主意。dueto【原句回放】Someexpertsbelieveitisduetotheanimalsthemythsgrewoutof.有些專家相信這是由神話中的動物本身性質(zhì)引起的?！军c撥】dueto因為，由于beduetodosth.預定要做某事Hearrivedlateduetothestorm.由于暴風雨他來晚了。Thepolicemansaidtheaccidentlastnightwasduetocarelessdriving.警察說昨晚的事故是由于粗心駕駛造成的。HisbookisduetobepublishedinOctober.他的書預計在10月出版?！就卣埂勘硎驹虻南嚓P短語還有：becauseof由于，因為owingto由于，因為asaresultof由于……的結(jié)果thanksto由于；幸虧；多虧onaccountof由于；為了……的緣故重點句型Therebe句型及其變式結(jié)構(gòu)【原句回放】TherehavebeenreportsofmonstersinLakeTianchisincethebeginningofthelastcentury，althoughnoonehasseenonecloseup.盡管沒人在近前看過，但是自從上個世紀初就有關于天池怪物的報道了?！军c撥】therebe句型結(jié)構(gòu)是五種基本句型之一，表示“在某處存在某人或物”，注意不要和have混用、Therebe句型的其他變式結(jié)構(gòu)：There