山東省威海市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題（原卷版）

高一英語(yǔ)本試卷共10頁(yè)。滿(mǎn)分150分。考試用時(shí)120分鐘?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、座號(hào)、考生號(hào)等填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthewomandotomorrow?A.Donateforthecharity.B.Goonacharitywalk.C.Visitthefloodvictims.2.Howmuchisthetelephonebillthismonth?A.$30.B.$100.C.$130.3.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.Turnoffthefan.B.Leavetheoffice.C.Setoffthealarm.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atarestaurant.B.Inahospital.C.Overthephone.5.Whydidthemanworkatthecharityatfirst?A.Tohelpthehomeless.B.Todoacollegeproject.C.Togetworkexperience.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6和第7題。6.Howlonghasthemanbeeninpain?A.Forfivedays.B.Foroneweek.C.Fortwoweeks.7.Whosuggestedthemedicinetotheman?A.Hisfriend.B.Hisdoctor.C.Hiscoach.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8和第9題。8.Wherearethespeakersnow?A.Inacafé.B.Inanoffice.C.Inaclassroom.9.WhatdoesJimdo?A.Heisalawyer.B.Heisateacher.C.Heisanengineer.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第10至第12題。10.Whobegantoworkaftergraduation?A.Thewoman’sbrother.B.Thewoman’smother.C.Thewoman’sfather.11.Wheredoesthewomanwanttowork?A.Atajuniorschool.B.Ataseniorschool.C.Atauniversity.12.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Makealistofheroptions.B.Askherteacherforadvice.C.Trytochangeherfather’smind.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第13至第16題。13.Wherewasthewomanwhenthemansawher?A.Onthehighway.B.Inthetravelagency.C.Onthestreet.14.Whydidn’tthewomanbookonline?A.Tohelphersister.B.Tosavesomemoney.C.Togetmoreinformation.15.Whatisthewoman’smainconcernabouthertrip?A.Thelongflight.B.Thehotelquality.C.ThefoodinThailand.16.Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?A.Takecareofhercats.B.Buyheragift.C.Waterherplants.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至第20題。17.Whatseasonisit?A.Summer.B.Fall.C.Winter.18.Whatwilltheclassdothisafternoon?A.VisittheSeaLifeCenter.B.Practicemathandspelling.C.Learnabouttheirsciencetopic.19.Howmuchwilleachstudentpayforthetrip?A.￡5.00.B.￡10.00.C.￡20.00.20.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Anoticeaboutaschooltrip.B.Anintroductiontoanewlesson.C.Apresentationaboutseapollution.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHorseshavealwaysheldaspecialplaceintheheartsofmanyfamousartists.Let’sexploresomeofthemostwell-knownpaintingsofhorsesbyfamousartists.ChineseHorseatLascauxCaveThisChineseHorsepaintingwasfirstdiscoveredin1940attheprehistoriccaveartsites,Lascaux,inFrance.ThepaintingearneditsnameforlookinglikethestyleofaSungChinesepaintingofahorse.Earlyartistscreatedtheirownpaintbrushesfromanimalskinandhairandalsoemployedaspray(噴灑)paintingtechniqueusingahollow(空心的)reedtoblowpigmentthrough.WhistlejacketWhistlejacketdepictsalife-sizedracehorseagainstaplainbackground.Oneofthemostuniquefeaturesofthispaintingisthatitdoesnotsituatethehorseinanyparticularlocation.Rather,itfocusesonlyonthedetailsandcharacterofthehorseinquestion.Inaway,Stubbscapturesthespiritofthehorsethatsuggestsfreedomofspirit,nottiedtoanybackgroundorenvironment,whichmakesthishorsepaintingquitespecialforitstime.HorseFrightenedbyLightningInHorseFrightenedbyLightning,awhitehorseisfrightenedbythelightning,standingonitshindlegsinastorm.Thedaringcolorchoicesanddetailedbrushworkcapturesthereactionoftheanimalwithcare,showingpanicandterror.Theunpleasantweatherishighlightedbythestrongcontrastcreatedbetweenthehorseandthedarkblackandgraycloudsthatcovertheentiresky.ThesymbolismfoundinmostRomantichorsepaintingsincludesthemesofpassion,power,nobility,andintenseemotion.1.WhatdoweknowaboutChineseHorse?A.Itemployedcolorsdaringly.B.Itwaspaintedonanimalskins.C.ItwasaSungChinesepainting.D.Itusedaspraypaintingapproach.2.WhatthemeiscommonlyfoundinRomantichorsepaintings?A.Freedomofspirit. B.Strongemotion.C.Connectionwithanimals. D.Powerofnature.3.Wheremightthetextbetakenfrom?A.Anartmagazinearticle. B.Anartfestivalguide.C.Anartexhibitionposter. D.Anarthistorylecture.BWhileWestAfrica’sBeninapproachesitsrainyseason,occasionalshowersandstickyhotweatherhavedonelittletolessentheenthusiasmoflocalvillagerswhogatheredtowatchthefirstBeninVillageSuperLeague.SoccerteamsfromtwovillagesinParakou,acentralcityinBenin,competedonasoccerfieldnearthebaseoftheChinesesupportmissionforcottonproductioninBenin,inBelleCiteVillage.Forthepastdecade,theChina-assistedcottontechnologyprojecthasbeenactiveinParakou,amajorcotton-producingregioninBenin.Thelong-termtechnicalassistancehasbuiltstrongrelationshipswithvillagers.Whentheprojectteamlearnedthattheformersoccerfieldhadbeenexpropriated(征用),theydecidedtobuildanewoneusingagriculturalmachineryandrecycledmaterials.Lastsummer,videosofsomesoccermatchesinRongjiangcounty,SouthwestChina’sGuizhouprovince,wentpopularandattractedworldwidetourists.Inspiredbythis,theVillageSuperLeagueinParakouincludesculturalperformancesduringhalftime,featuringChinesemartialartsandBeninesedance.“LocalslovesoccerandIwantedtobringthismodelhereandsetupasimilarleague,”saidShouXiaoyong,headoftheChinesetechnicalteam.NamedtheFriendshipFootballField,thenewfacilitywasopenedinMarchlastyear.ItquicklybecamethepreferredplaceforsocceramongvillagersinBelleCiteandnearbyareas,hostingregularmatches,especiallyduringagriculturaldowntimes.Asthetournamentprogressed,itspopularityrose.Villagersfromsurroundingareastraveledonmotorcycleswiththeirchildrentowatchthematches.YvesKoba,theheadofBelleCiteVillage,praisedtheVillageSuperLeagueforpromoting(促進(jìn))communicationandfriendshipamongvillages.“Theleaguehasmadeusmoreunited.Ihopeitcontinuesandthatourvillagersachieveevenbetterresultsnextyear.”4.WhathascausedexcitementamongthevillagersinParakou?A.Thefirstvillageleague. B.TheChina-assistedproject.C.Thenewly-builtfootballfield. D.Thestartoftheharvestseason.5.ForwhatreasonwastheFriendshipFootballFieldbuilt?A.Toattractworldwidetourists. B.Toprovideaplaceforsoccerlovers.C.Toinspirelocals’loveforsoccer. D.TobringChinesecultureintofocus.6.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.HowpopularfootballisinBenin.B.Howthenewfootballfieldwasbuilt.C.WhatBeninVillageSuperLeagueislike.D.WhyChinesevillageleaguemodelwasintroduced.7.WhatdoesYvesKobathinkoftheVillageSuperLeagueinBenin?A.Itbringsinhugemoney. B.Itpromotescross-culturalexchanges.C.Itformsanewtradition. D.Itstrengthensfriendshipamongvillages.CEveryyear,travelersheadtoSouthAmericatobeamazedatthevastglaciers,hugeopenskiesandhighmountains.ButatOmoraEthnobotanicalParkonTierradelFuego,visitorsareencouragedtothinksmall.TierradelFuego,aremoteislandatthetipofSouthAmerica,mightofferlittleintermsofanimalsandtrees,butwhenitcomestobryophytes(苔蘚植物),itisamongtherichestcornersoftheplanet.Intheareathatcoverslessthan0.01%oftheEarth’slandsurface,morethan5%oftheworld’sbryophytespeciesisfound.Onenteringthepark,you’regivenamagnifyinglens(放大鏡).Guidedbyplantexperts,youareinvitedtogetdownonyourhandsandkneestoexplorethelittle-knownworldofTierradelFuego’s“miniatureforests”—thebryophytesthatcovertherocksandtrees.Focusiskey:asyoutiptoethroughthepark,itiseasytomissorevensteponthem.Iwonderedhowinterestingmossescouldbe.ButwhenIgotupclose,theystartedtocometolife.Shapesandcoloursappearedthatwerenotvisibletothenakedeye.Oneplantwasbrightyellow,whileanotherwasgreenwithabrightredtiplikealittlehat.OneofthestrangestplantsisOldMan’sBeard,whichlookslikethinnoodlesandhangsoffthetreesinwebs.AccordingtomyguideLilyLewis,itplaysanimportantroleinthegrowthoftheforest,capturingnutrients(營(yíng)養(yǎng))andsaltsblowninontheoceanwind.OldMan’sBeardisextremelyvulnerabletopollution,andhasallbutdisappearedacrossmuchoftheplanet.ButinTierradelFuego,wheretheairandrainareamongthecleanestontheplanet,itgrowswildly.“Thehandlensisyourentrypointintotheworldoftheminiatureforests,”Lewissaid.“Lookingthroughalensremindsyouthatthereareotherviewpointsfromwhichwecanseetheworld.”8.WhichtitlebestdescribesTierradelFuego?A.Awonderlandfortinyplants. B.Auniqueplaceforrarespecies.C.Atopdestinationforhikinglovers. D.Aremotelandwithdifferentlandscapes.9.WhatqualityishighlyvaluedwhileexploringOmoraEthnobotanicalPark?A.Curiosityandcreativity. B.Quicknessandconfidence.C.Calmnessandattentiveness. D.Determinationandcourage.10.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“vulnerable”?A.Sensitive. B.Adaptable. C.Beneficial. D.Resistant.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Eco-tourisminTierradelFuego B.AnEncounterwithOldMan’sBeardC.ATinyForestontheTipoftheWorld D.StartYourJourneyofDiscovery,Now!DThetimeforactionisnow,atleastwhenitcomestoclimatechange.Ifwedon’ttakemeasuresthatlimitglobalwarming,itmaybeimpossibletostopitsprogress,accordingtoastudypublishedin2018.Thestudyclaimsthatin2035,wewillcrossapointofnoreturn—afterwhichitwillbeextremelyunlikelythatwecanstopEarth’stemperaturefromrisingby2degreesCelsius(2℃)andkickingoffdangerousglobaldisasters.The2℃markisveryimportantforEarth’swell-being.Oncetheplanetwarmsanadditional2℃,scientistspredictarangeofdisastrouseffects,fromwidespreadfloodingincoastalareastoburningheatwavesandextremestorms.Oneimportantareathatcouldslowthemovementtowardapointofnoreturnin2035isthechangingfromfossilfuels(礦物燃料)torenewableenergysources.Buteventhiswillrequiresignificantprogress.Scientistshavefiguredthattheshareofrenewablesworldwidemustgrowbyatleast2percenteachyearinordertoslowtheprocesstowardclimatechange.Twopercentayearmaynotsoundlikemuch,butinthe20yearsleadingupto2017,thepercentageofenergyfromrenewablesgrewbyapoortotalof3.6percent.Thereishope,though.Iftheuseofrenewableenergyweretogobeyondthescientists’model,sayby5percentpereachyear,theclimatechangedeadline(最后期限)couldmovebackbyatleastadecade,theresearchersnote.Also,developingtechnologytoremovegreenhousegasesfromtheatmospherecouldhelpslowclimatechange.ThesegaseschangeEarth’satmosphereandallowittocapturemoreheatfromthesunandcausetemperaturestorise.“Wehopethat‘havingadeadline’maystimulatethesenseofurgencytoactforpolicymakers,”HenkDijkstra,oneofthestudyauthors,said.“Verylittletimeisleft.”12.WhatmighthappenoncetheEarthwarmsanadditional2℃?A.Theclimatesystemwillberebuilt.B.Globalwarmingisuncontrollable.C.Naturaldisastersbecomeunavoidable.D.Timelyactionwillnolongerbenecessary.13.Whatdoestheunderlined“this”inparagraph4referto?A.Theadvancesofscientificresearch.B.Theshiftfromfossilfuelstorenewables.C.Theprocessofslowingdownclimatechange.D.Theincreaseofpublicenvironmentalawareness.14.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Thelimitationofscientists’model.B.Possiblesolutionstoslowingclimatechange.C.Thevalueofthe‘pointofnoreturn’concept.DSeriouseffectsofgreenhousegasesonEarth.15.Whydotheresearcherssetadeadline?A.Tostresstheneedofglobalcooperation.B.Tocallonpeopletouserenewableenergy.C.Tourgepolicymakerstotakeimmediateaction.D.Toshowtheirdeterminationtostopglobalwarming.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。IwouldfeelashamedeverytimeIreceiveanewpackage(包裹)onmydoorstep.Iknowthatbuyingnewstuffisbadfortheplanet.ButeverytimeIbuysomething,Igetsomehappinessthat’shardtogiveup.Recentlyanewbookhasgivenmenewinsights:____16____It’sthewayourbrainshaveevolved(進(jìn)化).Andtheremaybeawaytobreakthecycle.Weareevolvedfromsimpleorganismsthatsurvivedbecausetheirnetworksofnervecellslearnedtorepeatrewarding(有益的)decisions.Today,wehavebillionsofactioncellsinthebrain.Theyarealwaysformingconnectionstostrengthenrewardingbehavior.____17____Weseekoutthosereleasesindopamine,andatthesametimerepeattheactionsthatleadtothem.____18____Maybeyouweren’teventhinkingaboutbuyingwatercolorpaints.Thensomethingremindedthatyoulikepainting,andyousearchedonlineandfoundtheywerelessexpensivethanyouexpected.Whentheyarrivedonyourdoorstep,theywerebetterthanyouthought.Yourbrainwillbedrawntorepeatthebehaviorthatgotyousomethingunexpectedandgood.Thebestwaytobreaktheoverbuyinghabitsisnottostopbuyingthingscompletely.____19____Imagineyou’veformedahabitofeatingchocolatebeforebedforcomfort,eventhoughyouknowyoudon’tneedthecalories.Youcantryhavingmilkwithcocoapowderasahealthierreplacement,whichprovidessimilarcomfort.Onceyoustartlosingweight,therewardofbeingabletofitintoyouroldclotheswillfeelasgoodasthechocolateoncedoes.____20____Buyinguseditemssatisfiesourdesiretoacquire.Itgivesusthesamegoodfeelingofanunexpectedrewardwithoutconsumingmoreresources.A.Weneedthatsamereplacementforshopping.B.Whetherthatapproachwouldworkisupfordebate.C.Ourbrainsespeciallylikeitandreleasemoredopamine.D.Mydesiretokeepbuyingthingsisn’tnecessarilyapersonalfault.E.Inthisprocess,dopamineisreleased,helpinguslearnhowtoobtainareward.FThegoodfeelingconnectedtounexpectedrewardsispartlywhywelikeshopping.G.Abettersolutionmaybetoreplacetheold,long-termharmfulrewardswithnewones.第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分35分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。GitanjaliRaoisasophomore(大二學(xué)生)andalsoaninventor.Inhershortlife,shehasusedscientificcreativityto____21____manyreal-worldproblems.SinceGitanjaliwasin3rdgrade,shehastriedtoaddressbigsocialproblemswithher____22____.Itwasthenthatshelearnedaboutlead-pollutedwater,andtheterribleimpactithasonchildren’s____23____.Afterlotsofresearch,shemanagedtodesignadevicethatattachestoamobilephoneandcanimmediatelyidentify____24____inwater.Gitanjali’sloveofreal-worldproblemsolvingdidnot____25____there,however.Sincethen,shehasalsoinventedanapptohelppreventcyberbullying.Andanearlywarningsystemtocatchdrugaddictioninyoungadults.BuildingonherexperienceGitanjaliwantsto____26____otherstousescienceandtechtosolvebigproblems.“Idon’tlooklikeyour____27____scientist.EverythingIseeonTVisthatit’susuallyanoldermanasascientist,”shesaid.“Mygoalhasreallyshiftedfrom____28____myowndevicestosolveproblemstoinspiringotherstodothesameaswell.Because,frompersonalexperience,it’snot____29____whenyoudon’tseeanyoneelselikeyou.SoIreallywanttoputoutthat____30____:“IfIcandoit,youcandoit,andanyonecandoit.”21.A.meetwith B.focuson C.learnfrom D.dealwith22.A.projects B.teams C.talents D.plans23.A.health B.education C.creativity D.behavior24.A.lead B.drugs C.microplastic D.minerals25.A.lie B.end C.work D.reach26.A.teach B.inspire C.advise D.remind27.A.successful B.serious C.modern D.typical28.A.fixing B.testing C.creating D.using29.A.fun B.easy C.helpful D.comfortable30.A.message B.challenge C.theory D.summary第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chineseshadowpuppetry(皮影戲)isprobablyoneofthemostancientartsusinglightandshadow.Generally,shadowpuppetryisa____31____(combine)ofvariousartformsinvolvingpainting,carving,music,operaperformanceandstory-telling.DatingbacktotheHanDynasty,shadowpuppetryreacheditsgoldenageintheQingDynasty.Atthattime,it____32____(perform)inalmosteveryprovince,andatvariouscelebrations,ranging____33____weddingstofestivalcelebrations.Itisnotaneasyjobtomakethepuppets(木偶)____34____(use)inperformances.Mostofthemaremadeofleathers,____35____mustbecarefullyselectedandrepeatedlypolishedandprocessedbeforetheyarereadyforcarvingthepuppets.Whentheleathersbecometransparent,fineandsmoothenough,theartistswouldpaintthecharactersonthem,andthencarvethemoutwithtools.Thebodypartsofthepuppetsareseparatelycutoutandjoinedtogether,sothattheycouldhaveasmuchas24movablejoints(關(guān)節(jié)).Performersholdthemwithsticksconnectedto____36____(they)mostimportantjointsduringtheperformances,sothatthepuppetscouldbeshownas“____37____(move)images”onthescreens.With____38____riseofvariousformsofentertainment,shadowpuppetryhasbeenlosingitsshine.However,localartistsacrossChina____39____(explore)waystohelpitsurvive.In2011,ChineseshadowpuppetrywasaddedtoUNESCO’sIntangibleCulturalHeritagelist,thus____40____(breathe)newlifeintotheancientartform.第三節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分10分）請(qǐng)根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思及首字母將單詞的完整形式寫(xiě)在答題卡上。41.Myhearts______(下沉)whenIheardthebadnews.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫(xiě))42.Theanimalwasaf______(經(jīng)常性的)subjectforartists.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫(xiě))43.Electricitywasc_______(傳導(dǎo))throughstringtothekey.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫(xiě))44.Theteachersaidnothing,m______(僅僅)smiledandwatchedher.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫(xiě))45.Morepeoplewanttoprotectsharksfrome______(滅絕)nowadays.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫(xiě))46.Perhapsyourfriendswantsomef______(坦誠(chéng)的)commentsfromyou.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫(xiě))47.Apunchlinec______(結(jié)束)ajokeandisintendedtomakepeoplelaugh.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫(xiě))48.Diggingwellsisagoodwaytosolvetheproblemofwaters______(短缺).(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫(xiě))49.Goingdownontotheplatformislikejumpingintoavolcanothat’se______(噴發(fā)).(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫(xiě))50.Heperformedbeyondeveryone’se______(預(yù)料，預(yù)期)withhiscontinuousefforts.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫(xiě))第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分）第一節(jié)（滿(mǎn)分20分）51.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)內(nèi)容寫(xiě)一篇80詞左右內(nèi)容概要。Anewstudyhasfoundthattrafficnoisepollutionholdsbackgrowthinbabybirds,evenwhileinsidetheegg.Unhatched(未孵化的)birdsandnewbornchicksthatareexposed(暴露)tonoisefromcitytrafficsufferfromlong-termnegativeeffectsontheirhealth,growthandreproduction(繁殖).“Soundhasamuchstrongerandmoredirectimpactonbirddevelopmentthanweknewbefore,”saidDrMyleneMariette,abirdcommunicationexpertandaco-authorofthestudy.“Itwouldbewisetoworkmoretoreducenoisepollution.”P(pán)reviousresearchhassuggestedthatnoisepollutioncausesstresstobirdsandmakescommu