專題04 記敘文類寫作（講義）（解析版）

專題04記敘文類寫作(講義)目錄TOC\o"1-3"\p""\h\z\u考點記敘文類寫作-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1頁-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1頁【真題研析·規(guī)律探尋】-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1頁考向1考查新聞報道類----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1頁考向2考查敘事短文類----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2頁考向3考查人物描寫類----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3頁【核心提煉·考向探究】----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3頁(一)新聞報道-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3頁(二)敘事短文-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4頁(三)人物描寫--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5頁(四)日記/周記-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5頁【題型特訓(xùn)·命題預(yù)測】--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6頁預(yù)測考向1新聞報道類-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6頁預(yù)測考向2考查敘事短文類-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7頁預(yù)測考向3考查人物描寫類-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8頁預(yù)測考向4考查日記----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9頁考點04記敘類寫作考情分析：分析2020-2024年新高考記敘文類寫作考向分布。試卷類型年份體裁話題2020·全國Ⅰ卷2020寫一篇記敘文類短文身邊值得尊敬和愛戴的人2020·全國Ⅱ卷2020寫一篇記敘文類短文記敘一次采摘活動新高考I/II卷2020新聞報道介紹學(xué)校越野賽跑活動命題規(guī)律新高考會改變“相對固化的命題模式”，應(yīng)用文寫作的體裁越來越不局限于單純的書信等應(yīng)用文體。①新聞報道、②敘事短文、③人物描寫、④日記在近幾年新高考卷和全國卷中有所呈現(xiàn)。對于各種文體的寫作，在備考中要做好充分的準備。命題預(yù)測高考記敘文類寫作包括①新聞報道、②敘事短文、③人物描寫、④日記。根據(jù)近幾年的高考命題分析，新聞報道和日記是高考最可能出現(xiàn)的體裁?？枷?考查新聞報道類(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)假定你是李華,上周日你校舉辦了5公里越野賽跑活動。請你為校英文報寫一篇報道,內(nèi)容包括:1.參加人員:2.跑步路線:從校門口到南山腳下:3.活動反響。注意:1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右:2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。ACross-CountryRunningRace________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【精彩范文】ACross-CountryRunningRaceLastSundaywitnessedanextraordinarycross-countryrunningrace,whichnearlydrewtheattentionofeverystudentandteacherofourschool.Thestudentsselectedfromeveryclasstookpartinthecompetition.Theroutemeasuredfivekilometers,fromourschoolgatetothefootofNanshanMountain.Everyrunnertriedtheirbesttofinishthetask,withtheirclassmatesalongthewaygivingthemnecessarilyhelpaswellasencouragement.Atlast,alltherunnersmanagedtoarrivethefinishline,receivingcheersfromallthedirections.Theactivitywashighlyspokenof,becausenotonlydiditprovidechanceforustoexercise,butalsomadeusmorecohesive.考向2考查敘事短文類(2020·全國Ⅱ卷)上周末，你和同學(xué)參加了一次采摘活動。請你為班級英語角寫一篇短文，介紹這次活動，內(nèi)容包括：1．農(nóng)場情況；2．采摘過程；3．個人感受。注意：1．寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2．題目已為你寫好。MyWeekend【精彩范文】MyWeekendLastweekend,ourschoolorganizedafruit-pickingactivityonafarm.Thefarm,locatedinthesuburbofourcity,hasawiderangeofcrops.(活動時間和地點)Themomentwearrivedatthefarm,webeganwiththeareaoffruittreesandthenmovedontothevegetablefield.Duringtheprocess,thefarmerexplainedalotaboutthecropswepicked.Wewereenjoyingourselvesbeforeweknewitwastimetogoback.(活動過程)Tiredaswewere,weallfeltsatisfied.Notonlydidwegainknowledgeofgardeningbutalsohadabetterunderstandingofnature.(個人感受)考向3考查人物描寫類(2020·全國Ⅰ卷)你校正在組織英語作文比賽。請以身邊值得尊敬和愛戴的人為題，寫一篇短文參賽，內(nèi)容包括：1．人物簡介；2．尊敬和愛戴的原因。注意：1．寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫?！揪史段摹縏hepersonIrespectTherearemanyrespectablepeoplearoundus.AndthepersonIrespectmostismyphysicsteacher.Sheissopatientwitheachstudentthatweallrespecther.(引入話題)It'sherfriendlinessandthesenseofresponsibilitythatmakemeadmireher.WhenIfailedtheexamlastmonthandwasinlowspirits,shepattedmegentlyontheshoulderandgavemegreatencouragement.Sheteachesusnotonlyhowtogainknowledgebutalsohowtobeagoodperson.(具體介紹)Havingsetagreatexampletousstudents,shefullydeservesmyrespect.(總結(jié)全文)(一)新聞報道一、文章結(jié)構(gòu)新聞報道是記敘文的一種，其特點是以事實為依據(jù)，對人的經(jīng)歷或事實給予明確的、實事求是的報道。寫作過程中要保持事件的真實性、準確性，語言要準確、簡練、通俗易懂，不必追求過分花哨的詞匯和過于復(fù)雜的句型。具體寫作架構(gòu)為：二、經(jīng)典表達[首段句](導(dǎo)語)簡要概述事件(時間、地點、人物、事件):(1)On…,…washeldinourschoollecturehall.(2)Lastweekend,somestudentstookpartin/participatedinanactivityorganizedbytheStudents’Union.(3)LastWednesdayafternoon,ourclasstookpartin/participatedin/joinedinlabourpracticeonHongXingfarm.(4)LastWednesday,athrillingtugofwartookplace/washeldontheschoolplaygroundfrom3o’clockto5o’clock(lastingtwohours),whichattractedlotsofattention.(5)LastWednesdaywitnessed/sawanexcitingtugofwarkickingoffontheplaygroundofourschool,attractinglotsofattention.[中段句]詳述事件的起因、經(jīng)過和結(jié)果:(1)Avarietyofactivities,funandexciting,attractedlotsofparticipation,amongwhichdumplingmakingwasmostwelcomed.(2)Notonlydidthestudentsperformantiquemusicalinstruments,Chinesepaintingandcalligraphy,buttheyalsodidkungfuandt’aichi,whichundoubtedlydrewtheseforeignvisitors’attention.(3)Thrilledandcurious,allthestudentsimmersedthemselvesinthefascinatingprogrammes,offeringapplauseenthusiasticallyafteritwaswrappedup.[尾段句]活動短評(活動的影響、意義、感受或啟發(fā)等):(1)Theactivitybenefitedusalot/enabledusto…Notonlydiditgetusclosetonature,butitalsogaveusrelaxationfromheavyschoolwork.(2)Theshowwaswellreceived/washighlythoughtof/wassunghighpraisefor.(3)Itissurelyarewardingexperience,whichnotonlyenablesustolearnalotthatisbeyondourtextbooksbutalsopromotesthefriendshipamongus.(二)敘事短文一、文章結(jié)構(gòu)敘事短文屬于記敘文的寫作范疇，文章多以事件為中心，以時間和空間為線索，按事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展、結(jié)局展開故事。具體寫作架構(gòu)為：二、經(jīng)典表達[首段句]簡要概述事件(時間、地點、人物、事件):(1)Inordertoarousestudents’interestinEnglish,ourschoolheldanEnglishDramaCompetitioninourschoolhalllastSundayafternoon,whichturnedouttobeagreatsuccess.(2)Lastweek,ourclassparticipatedinafarmworkprogrammeinthesuburbs.(3)Lastweek,ourschoolorganizedanactivitynamed“HappinesstoFamily”,whichturnedouttobemeaningfulandunforgettable.[中段句]詳述事件經(jīng)過:(1)Onarrivingatthepark,whatimpressedmemostwasitsfreshairandbeautifulscenery.(2)Attractedbythebeautifulscenery,wehadaphototaken,capturingthepreciousmomentforever.(3)Onarrivingatthefarm,whatcameintosightwerevarietiesoffreshvegetablesandfruittrees.Thenweweredividedintotwogroupsforapickingcompetition.Afteroneandahalfhours’hardwork,bothgroupsharvestedalot,withourgroupbeingthewinner.[尾段句]總結(jié)與評價(活動的影響、意義、感受或啟發(fā)等):(1)Tiredaswewere,wehadasenseofachievement.(2)Thankstothetour,notonlyhaveweimprovedourspeakingskills,butwe’vealsogotabetterunderstandingofBritishculture,whichenlargedmyknowledgeandbroadenedmyhorizons.(3)Throughthisactivity,Iknowbringinghappinesstootherscanalsomakeushappy.Ihopeourschoolcanorganizemoreactivitieslikethis.(三)人物描寫一、文章結(jié)構(gòu)人物描寫屬于記敘文的寫作范疇，寫作時要圍繞人物組織材料。要做到主題鮮明，內(nèi)容清楚，并注意結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性。具體寫作架構(gòu)為：二、經(jīng)典表達1．Oldasheis,hefoughtbravelyagainstCOVID-19,makinggreatcontributionsinthefieldofmedicine.盡管他年事已高，但他勇敢地抗擊新冠肺炎，在醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域做出了巨大貢獻。2．ItgoeswithoutsayingthatConfuciushasagreateffectonthevaluesoflatergenerations.毋庸置疑，孔子對后世的價值觀有很大的影響。3．ShehasbeenhighlyrespectedforherwisdomaswellascouragebytheChinesepeople.她憑借她的智慧和勇氣受到中國人民的高度尊敬。4．Herspiritinspiresmeandmillionsofgirlstoliveanindependentlifeandberesponsibleforourowndecisions.她的精神激勵著我和數(shù)百萬女孩過獨立的生活，并為我們自己的決定負責。5．Hesetsogoodanexampleforusstudentsthatweallshouldlearnfromhim.他為我們學(xué)生樹立了這么好的榜樣，我們都應(yīng)該向他學(xué)習。(四)日記/周記一、文章結(jié)構(gòu)二、經(jīng)典表達[首段句]交代主題(時間、地點、人物、事件):(1)Thismorning,IwaswalkingonthestreetwhenIcaughtsightoftwotravellerswhowerereadingamap,lookingpuzzled.今天早上,我走在街上,突然看到兩個旅行者正在看地圖,一臉困惑。(2)Lastweek,ourclassorganizedasocialpracticeonthethemeof“OurDelicateWorld”.上周,我們班組織了一次以“我們脆弱的世界”為主題的社會實踐。[中段句]具體描述事件經(jīng)過:(1)Uponarrivingatthelocalnaturereservepark,weweregivenawarmwelcomeandshownaroundthepark,whichishometovariousanimalsandplantsinthelocalecosystem.一到達當?shù)氐淖匀槐Ｗo區(qū)公園,我們受到了熱情的歡迎,并被帶著參觀了公園,這是當?shù)厣鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)中各種動物和植物的家園。(2)OnMondaymorning,Isignedupwithmyclassmatesassoonasweheardthenews.周一上午,一聽到這個消息,我和我的同學(xué)們就報名了。(3)Withthestaffpatientlyteachingandguiding,weweredividedintogroupsanddidsomesortsofpractice,suchasobservingandlearningsomeplantandanimalsamples.在工作人員耐心的教學(xué)和指導(dǎo)下,我們分成小組,做了幾種練習,比如觀察和學(xué)習一些動植物樣本。(4)What’smore,weworkedwiththestaff,completingposterstoinformthepublicabouttheimportanceofmaintainingthebalanceoftheecosystem.另外,我們與工作人員合作,制作海報來告訴公眾保持生態(tài)系統(tǒng)平衡的重要性。(5)Oureffortspaidoff,becausetheaudienceinthecommunitylikedit,givingusabigroundofapplause.我們的努力得到了回報,因為社區(qū)的觀眾喜歡它,給了我們熱烈的掌聲。(6)Amazedatthemagicoftechnology,wecouldn’twaittogiveitatry.驚嘆于科技的魔力,我們迫不及待地想要嘗試一下。[尾段句]事件總結(jié)(感受、評價等):(1)Fromthepractice,Isincerelyfeltitgreatlyimportanttoprotectourlivingworld.從這次實踐中,我由衷地感受到保護我們生存的世界是非常重要的。(2)Thepracticewasmeaningfulandbroughtuslotsofbenefits.這次實踐是有意義的,給我們帶來了很多好處。(3)Thisisreallyaneducativeandeye-openingactivity,inwhichIwasimpressedwiththeconvenienceandbenefitsbroughtbytechnology.這真的是一次有教育意義且開闊眼界的活動,在這次活動中我對科技帶來的便利和好處印象深刻。【2024年高考命題預(yù)測】新高考應(yīng)用文命題在不斷創(chuàng)新，它力爭摒棄陳舊的命題思想，不斷推陳出新。新高考注重思維，命題情景新穎，不落俗套。我們要努力扎實地打好寫句子的基本功，不斷提高學(xué)生的邏輯思維能力，創(chuàng)新能力和批判性思維能力。根據(jù)近年來新高考的命題特點，新聞報道和日記是高考最可能出現(xiàn)的體裁。預(yù)測考向1考查新聞報道類（2024·貴州省遵義市高三質(zhì)量監(jiān)測）．假定你是李華，你參加了學(xué)校舉行的到敬老院(thenursinghome)送溫暖的公益活動。請你向校英文報投稿，報道此次活動。內(nèi)容包括：1．時間地點：2．活動內(nèi)容：3．活動意義。注意：1．寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右。2．請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。ADayintheNursingHome___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【經(jīng)典范文】

ADayintheNursingHomeGuidedbyourteachers,wefinishedourvolunteeringinthenursinghomelastSunday,whichhadadeepimpactonus.Onarrivingatthehome,wewerewarmlywelcomedbythestaff.Asplanned,weweredividedintoseveralgroupstoundertakedifferentworks.Twogroupsofstudentshelpedtocleantheroom,andthreegroupswereresponsibleforchattingwiththeseniorsindelight.Othersofferedtopreparethedinnerforthem.Atlast,allpeopleendedupenjoyingourfantastictalentshow.Theseniors’toothysmileslingeredinourmindeversince.Haditnotbeenforthisspecialexperience,wecouldn’thaverealizedthattheseniorswereinneedofcare.Itwasthenthatwefoundthatwecouldmakeadifferencetotheworldwithourownhands.預(yù)測考向2考查敘事短文類【山西省晉中市高三三?！俊拔逡粍趧庸?jié)”期間，你校英文報發(fā)起“勞動最光榮”主題征文活動，請你結(jié)合自身經(jīng)歷寫一篇短文，內(nèi)容包括：1.勞動經(jīng)歷；2.你的感受。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.短文的題目和首句已為你寫好；3.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Labor:LearningandCrowingUpDuringtheLaborDay,oneofmyownexperiencescameintomymind._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【經(jīng)典范文】Labor:LearningandGrowingUpDuringtheLaborDay,oneofmyownexperiencescameintomymind.Lastsummervacation,Iworkedasawaiterinarestaurant.Atfirst,itwaschallengingtokeepupwiththefastpacethere.Ihadtorememberthemenu,takeorders,servedishes,andcleantables.Myfeetandbackachedafteralongdayofwork.ButIadaptedandlearnedtocommunicatewithcustomersandmanageitefficiently.Throughthisexperience,Irealizednotonlyislaborameansofmakingaliving,butawayoflearningskills,growingup,andacquiringvalues.Soweshouldrespectandappreciatealltheworkerscontributingtooursociety.預(yù)測考向3考查人物描寫類(江蘇省南京市高三模擬)假設(shè)你是李華，要參加學(xué)校的英語征文活動。這次征文要求大家給一位歷史人物寫感謝信，感謝他(她)為人類的進步所做出的貢獻。內(nèi)容包括：1．歷史人物的名字及其貢獻；2．該人物對你的影響和啟發(fā)；3．你對他(她)表達感謝。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________