Unit5TheValueofMoneyDiscoveringUsefulStructures情態(tài)動詞和過去將來時課件高一英語人教版

UNIT5THEVALUEOFMONEYDiscoveringUsefulStructures情態(tài)動詞和過去將來時StepI學習理解DefinitionItisaverbthatisusuallyusedwithanotherverbtoexpressideassuchaspossibility,necessityandpermission.它是一個動詞,通常與另一個動詞一起使用,用來表達可能性、必要性和許可等想法。情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后接動詞原形構(gòu)成謂語。Functions:Findmodalverbsinthesesentencesanddiscusstheirfunctions.Summary:情態(tài)動詞可用來表示需要、可能性、委婉請求、推測、愿望、建議、義務(wù)、意愿、禁止等。Anecessity:Youhavetoreadbetweenthelinesbecausetherealmessagesareoftenhidden...

Bpossibility:...itmayseemluckytoyou...

Cobligation:Astronautsmustwearspacesuitswhentheyworkinspacebecause...Drequest:Mayweaskwhatyou’redoinginthiscountry...?Eadvice:...you’d

betternotopenit.Fintention:Whatwouldyoudoifyouwereinhersituation?Modalverbspossibilitynecessityobligationrequestadviceintentioncan(could更委婉)may(might更委婉)needhaveto(客觀)/must(主觀)must/oughttowouldmayshould/oughttohadbetterwouldmustcanFunctionscan/could用法說明表示能力could是can的過去式，表示有能力做或能夠發(fā)生，意為“會，能，能夠”。表示請求和允許could語氣更委婉，肯定回答時要用can，不用could。表示理論上的可能性表示“有時會”，用于肯定句中。表示推測表示“可能”，用于否定句和疑問句。Themancan/couldspeaktwoforeignlanguages.Wecan’tcarrytheheavybox.Itcan’tbetheheadmaster.HehasgonetoAmerica.Itcanbeveryhothereinsummer.Can/Couldyougivemeacupoftea,please—CanIuseyourphone—Ofcourseyoucan.MayIhaveyournameHemay/mightnotbeathomeatthistime.MayGodblessyou.用法 說明表示請求和許可意為“可以”。在疑問句中,might可以代替may,語氣更加委婉。給予許可時用may,不用might。表示推測意為“可能”。通常用于肯定句和否定句中。may的可能性大于might，might語氣更委婉表示祝愿（祈使句）may+主語+動詞原形may/might用法 說明must表示義務(wù)意為“必須”，強調(diào)說話人的主觀看法,在回答帶有must的問句時,否定式常用needn’t或don’thaveto,意為“不必”。must表示推測表示非常有把握的推測，意為“一定”,只能用在肯定句中。must表示主觀上的偏執(zhí)或固執(zhí)意為“偏要,非要……不可”，暗示說話人對主語發(fā)出的動作或行為是不滿的，甚至是生氣的。常用于疑問句和條件句中,偶爾也用于陳述句中。mustn’t表示禁止意為“不得；不允許；一定不要”，表示禁止做某事。must與havetomust更強調(diào)說話者的主觀意愿；haveto強調(diào)客觀上的必要性,常譯為“不得不”。否定式don’thaveto,表示“沒必要,不必”,構(gòu)成疑問句時,要借助助動詞do。must/havetoYoumusthurryuporyou’llbelate.—MustIbehomebeforeeighto’clock—Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t.Hemustbeill.Helooksverypaleanddrawn.Ifyoumustgo,atleastwaituntilthestormisover.Ican’tseethingsclearly.Ihavetowearglasses.ShallhecomeinnowYoushallbepunishedforwhatyouhavedone.Thenewlawshallcomeintoeffectnextmonth.用法 說明用于第一、三人稱的疑問句中表示說話者征求對方的意見或向?qū)Ψ秸埵?。用于第二、三人稱的陳述句中表示說話者的意愿、命令、警告、強制、威脅、允諾、決心等。頒布法律、法規(guī)時也用shall。表示規(guī)定或義務(wù)通常用于條規(guī)、規(guī)定、法令等文件中，意為“必須”。shallIamsurprisedthatyoushouldspeakillofme.Yououghttovisityourgrandparentsthisweekend.It’sseveno’clock.Jackshould/oughttobehereatanymoment.用法 說明should表示責任、義務(wù)、勸告、建議等意為“應(yīng)該”。should表示出乎意料、驚訝、憂慮、惋惜的口氣意為“竟然，居然”。oughtto表示義務(wù)、責任、勸告等意為“應(yīng)該”，語氣比should略重。should和oughtto表示推測指有一定根據(jù)的推測，合乎理想的情況或結(jié)果,意為“按說應(yīng)該”，兩者可互換。should/oughttoIfyouwanttoreadthebook,Iwillgiveittoyou.Will/WouldyoupleaseclosethewindowEverymorninghewill/wouldhaveawalkalongtheriver.用法 說明表示意志或意愿will指現(xiàn)在，would指過去。與各種人稱連用，用于陳述句中。表示請求多用于第二人稱疑問句中。would比will語氣委婉。表示習慣性動作、固有屬性或必然趨勢此時意為“總是；習慣于”。will指現(xiàn)在,would指過去。will/wouldYouneedn’ttelephonehimnow.Shedarenot

gooutaloneatnight.用法 說明need和dare既可用作情態(tài)動詞（+do），也可用作實義動詞（+todo）。

need作情態(tài)動詞時,表示“需要”,常用于否定句和疑問句中。needn’t表示“不必”；對need引出的一般疑問句作肯定回答時用must而不用need，作否定回答時用needn’t。dare作情態(tài)動詞時,表示“敢,膽敢”,后跟動詞原形,常用于疑問句、否定句和條件句中。need/darehadbetter表示“最好”，其縮寫為“’dbetter”，表示“最好做某事”。It’sverycoldoutside.You’dbetterputonmoreclothes.外面很冷，你最好多穿些衣服。HewarnedmethatIhadbetternotsayanythingaboutit.他警告我對此事最好只字不提。結(jié)構(gòu) 說明hadbetter的基本式hadbetter意為“最好”“應(yīng)該”，后接動詞原形。hadbetter的否定式通常將not置于hadbetter之后。hadbetter的疑問式通常將had置于主語之前。hadbetter+完成式表示最好做完某事或本該做某事而未做。hadbetter表示從過去的某一時間來看將來要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。常用在主句謂語動詞為過去時態(tài)的賓語從句中。過去將來時的句子中有時包含時間狀語thenextday、soon等。Iknewyouwould

agree.我知道你會同意的。Hepromisedthathewouldnotopentheletteruntil2o’clock.他許諾兩點鐘之前不會打開信。過去將來時thedayaftertomorrowtwodayslaternextweekthenextweektomorrowthenext/followingdaytomorroweveningthenextevening一般將來時

過去將來時willbe/dowouldbe/doam/is/aregoingtobe/dowas/weregoingtobe/do...(but...)am/is/areabouttodowas/wereabouttodo▲▲▲▲▲過去的過去過去過去的將來現(xiàn)在(現(xiàn)在的)將來haddonedidwoulddodowilldo一般將來時和過去將來時的比較1.過去將來時的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是“would+動詞原形”，否定式是在would后面加not。Thedirectorsaidhewouldmeetthefamousactorthenextday.2.表示過去將來時的其他結(jié)構(gòu):①was/weregoingto+動詞原形Marysaidshewasgoingtostartoffatonce.②was/wereto+動詞原形Thebuildingwastobecompletednextmonth.過去將來時的用法③was/wereaboutto+動詞原形Wewereabouttoleavetherewhenitbegantorainheavily.④come、go、leave、arrive、start等詞可用過去進行時代替過去將來時。Shetoldmeshewascomingtoseeme.Hesaidthetrainwasleavingatsixthenextmorning.⑤在條件狀語從句和時間狀語從句中常用一般過去時代替過去將來時。Shetoldusthatshewouldnotgowithus,ifitrained.Usethemindmaptoteasethegrammarout.StepII應(yīng)用實踐Fillintheblankswithmay,might,can,couldn’t.cancouldn’tcouldn’tCanmaymightMay1.Samuel,thetallestboyinourclass,

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easilyreachthebooksonthetopshelf.2.Itwasreallyannoying;I

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getaccesstothedatabankyouhadrecommended.3.Itwassonoisythatwe

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hearourselvesspeak.4.

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Ihaveawordwithyou?Itwon’ttakelong.5.You____________

feelallthetrainingawasteoftime,butI’mahundredpercentsurelateryou’llbegratefulforit.6.Lifeisunpredictable;eventhepoorest____________

becometherichest.7.

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Ismokeinthisroom?用will、would、shall、can、must的適當形式填空并寫出情態(tài)動詞在后三句中所表達的含義。won’twouldcan’tshallShallmust需要禁止推測mustn’tmust1.Myparents____________

allowmetostayoutlate.2.He____________

getupearlywhenhelivedinthecountry.3.Ifyou____________

come,I____________

nottellyouthenews.4.____________

Ihavethatbooktomorrow?5.You____________

practiseyourspokenEnglishifyouwanttoimproveit.

表示____________

6.You____________

breakyourpromise.表示____________

7.She____________

betiredaftersuchalongwalk.表示____________

用“情態(tài)動詞+havedone”完成句子。1.他們一定去過長城，不是嗎?They___________________

totheGreatWall,haven’tthey?2.昨天晚上他不可能看電視,因為他知道就要考試了。He___________________

TVlastnight,forheknewhewouldhaveatest.3.本來他能夠通過考試,但是他太粗心了。He___________________theexam,buthewastoocareless.musthavebeencan’thavewatchedcouldhavepassed用過去將來時完成句子。1.Hesaidhe______________________(come)toseemesoon.2.Iwastoldthathe______________________(return)homenextmonth.3.Itseemedasifit________(be)goingtorain.wouldcome/wascomingwasgoingtoreturnwasReadthepassageandfillintheblankswithsuitablemodalverbsinthebox.InthefilmTheMillionPoundBankNote,HenryAdamsisstuckinaforeigncountrywithoutmoneyandfriends,andwithnowheretostay.Whilethissituation__________seemunusual,itcansometimeshappentotravellers.Incaseithappenstoyouonatripabroad,what__________youdo?First,andmostimportantly,you__________staycalm.Fear__________causeyoutobecomeconfused.Youneedtothinkclearly.Second,youshouldgotoyournearestconsulate.They__________beabletohelptosomeextent.Third,you__________dowelltocheckwithsomelocalcharities.They__________offerhelptotravellersinneed.Fourth,you__________avoidgettingintotrouble.You__________thinkthatstealingsomemoneyorfoodwouldhelpyou,butyoushouldnotdoso.Gettingcaught__________ruinyourlife.maymustcanoughttomighthadbetterwouldshouldmayshouldmustcanoughttowouldmighthadbettermightwouldBoth“woulddo”and“was/weregoingtodo”canbeusedtotalkaboutfutureeventsorintentionsinthepast.Completethefollowingsentencesthatdescribethefutureusingei