新高考英語三輪沖刺查缺補漏專題03完形填空（原卷版）

專題03完形填空目錄01挑戰(zhàn)真題·查知識漏洞02回顧教材·補知識漏洞回顧知識體系回顧核心考點易混易錯歸納03知識通關(guān)演練（2024年1月浙江省高考真題）Whiletakinga20-hourtrainridealongtheedgeoftheTaklimakanDesertinnorthwesternChina,Ihadthekindofhumbling,educational,andaboveallelse,wonderful43withalocalthatalltravelerslongfor.AyoungChineseman44meonthetrain.My45friendspokevirtuallynoEnglish,soIhappilytookthe46topracticemyChinese.Overseveralhours,hewouldtellmeabouthowhehad47atwo-yearprofessionalschooltoquicklyfindajob48highwaysinordertohelpsupporthisfamily.Perhapsthemost49,however,wasthefactthatthismanspenthoursstudyingeverydayafterhardphysicallabor.Withoutbattinganeye,hewould50atranslatedEmersonpassagebeforeaskingabouttheliteraryinfluenceofAmerican51asawhole.”AndwhatdoyoualllearnaboutRussianauthors?”I52himaskingatonepoint.Itwouldhavebeeneasyto53myassumptionsaboutthishighwaybuilderwhohadneverbeenmorethanafewhundredmilesfromhome.Butthishighlyinformed,54,andadmirablepersonpreventedmedoingso.Inthecourseofacoupleofhours,he55mejusthowmuchonecangainfrom56withanopenmind,andawillingnessto57withlocalsfromallwalksoflife.43．A．experiment B．encounter C．competition D．a(chǎn)ppointment44．A．treated B．saved C．lectured D．a(chǎn)pproached45．A．true B．so-called C．new D．long-lost46．A．chance B．a(chǎn)dvice C．trouble D．right47．A．visited B．financed C．a(chǎn)ttended D．founded48．A．building B．sweeping C．checking D．guarding49．A．typical B．obvious C．natural D．remarkable50．A．publish B．quote C．сорy D．download51．A．writers B．historians C．workers D．students52．A．a(chǎn)nticipate B．imagine C．recall D．catch53．A．lookinto B．relyon C．goover D．dealwith54．A．well-behaved B．multi-skilled C．warm-hearted D．self-educated55．A．a(chǎn)sked B．warned C．showed D．promised56．A．traveling B．reading C．searching D．teaching57．A．cooperate B．side C．negotiate D．engage（2023年新課標全國Ⅰ卷英語真題）OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhave58thecourseearlierthanshedid.Her59camebecauseshewascarryinga60acrossthefinishline.Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher61whenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She62tohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith63.Shecouldn’t.Baileythen64toletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget65attention.Oncethere,Lenouewas66andlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.Shewouldhavestruggledwithextreme67tomakeittothataidcheckpointwithoutBailey’shelp.AsforBailey,sheismore68aboutwhyheractisconsideredabig69.“Shewasjustcrying.Icouldn’t70her,”Baileytoldthereporter.“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing.”Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethe71,they’vesincebecomefriends.Neitherwontherace,butthe72ofhumankindnesswontheday.58．A．designed B．followed C．changed D．finished59．A．delay B．chance C．trouble D．excuse60．A．judge B．volunteer C．classmate D．competitor61．A．race B．school C．town D．training62．A．a(chǎn)greed B．returned C．stopped D．promised63．A．courage B．a(chǎn)id C．patience D．a(chǎn)dvice64．A．wentaway B．stoodup C．steppedaside D．bentdown65．A．medical B．public C．constant D．equal66．A．interrupted B．a(chǎn)ssessed C．identified D．a(chǎn)ppreciated67．A．hunger B．pain C．cold D．tiredness68．A．worried B．a(chǎn)shamed C．confused D．discouraged69．A．game B．problem C．lesson D．deal70．A．leave B．cure C．bother D．understand71．A．ride B．test C．meet D．show72．A．secret B．display C．benefit D．exchange回顧知識體系回顧核心考點完形原則跳讀首尾句進行預(yù)測利用語法分析解題利用固定搭配解題利用固定句型解題利用復(fù)現(xiàn)信息解題利用跳讀法解題巧用排除法解題利用邏輯關(guān)系解題巧用背景常識解題利用對比結(jié)構(gòu)解題利用平行結(jié)構(gòu)解題利用暗示和對應(yīng)解題根據(jù)文章的感情色彩解題綜合利用各種線索解題01跳讀首尾句進行預(yù)測一般來講，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳讀這兩句，便可判斷體裁，猜想它要講什么。若首句交代了when,where,who,what，即四個W，那么就是記敘文，很可能就是一個故事;若首句是提出或解釋說明某事物，一般來說是說明文;若首句提出一個論點，那么就是議論文。首句往往開宗明義，是文章的主題。細讀首句可啟示全文。而尾句又往往是對文章主題的總結(jié)。所以，它們是了解文章大意的一個窗口，對我們理解全文有著重要的啟示作用。EvelynGlenniewasthefirstladyofsolopercussioninScotland.Inaninterview,sherecalledhowshebecameapercussionsoloist(打擊樂器獨奏演員)inspiteofherdisability.本文主要講述的是蘇格蘭第一位女打擊樂器獨奏演員EvelynGlennie在耳聾的情況下成功學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂器的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)首句給出的信息，下面我們可以猜想EvelynGlennie學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂器過程必然充滿困難，而能夠在耳聾的情況下學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂器，EvelynGlennie對音樂肯定也是充滿熱情的。02利用語法分析解題完形填空雖然以語境填空為主，但也有部分考查語法項目的題目。對于這類題，考生可以利用平時所學(xué)的詞匯知識，分析單詞(組)的使用范圍、動詞的及物和不及物，并利用句子結(jié)構(gòu)、句式特點等知識全面衡量所有選項排除干擾。如：___8___Ihadbeenborninthe16thcentury,Iwouldhavehadnojob.A.BecauseB.WhileC.IfD.Since【解析】根據(jù)后面的Ihadbeenborninthe16thcentury可知這只是個假設(shè)，是一個虛擬語氣的條件句。故前面要用if引導(dǎo)。03利用固定搭配解題完形填空題中對詞匯知識的考查，主要體現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣用法和同義詞、近義詞的辨析兩方面。習(xí)慣用法是英語中某種固定的結(jié)構(gòu)形態(tài)，即所謂的“習(xí)語”，不能隨意改動。所以，考生平時應(yīng)掌握好習(xí)慣用法。對詞義辨析題的考查有加大力度的趨勢。要做好這類題，需要有較大的詞匯量和詞語搭配能力、詞語辨析能力，特別是在特定的語境中能靈活運用的能力。如：Theycouldn’treadorwrite.Theydidn’tliketoworkandtheynever___12___baths.A.tookB.washedC.ranD.covered【解析】本題考查的是固定搭配takeabath，意為“洗澡”。04利用固定句型解題完形填空雖然注重考查語境理解，但同時也會考到一些固定句型，考生掌握好這些句型，對確定題目的答案很有幫助。如：Itwasn’tlong___18___thepolicecaughtthethief.A.afterB.whenC.beforeD.until【解析】Itwasn’tlongbefore…是常用句型，意為“不久就……”。這里說的是不久警察就把小偷捉到了。05利用復(fù)現(xiàn)信息解題語篇復(fù)現(xiàn)的信息包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞和反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、上義詞和下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、概括詞復(fù)現(xiàn)和代詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。語篇中有詞匯和結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象，如與語篇話題相關(guān)、意義相關(guān)的詞匯同時出現(xiàn)，結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)，同義同現(xiàn)，修飾同現(xiàn)，因果同現(xiàn)等。因此，利用上下文尋找解題信息，確定正確答案。如：Iputmyheadin,expectingtheworst.Buttomysurprise,theroomwasn’temptyatall.Ithadfurniture,curtains,aTV,andevenpaintingsonthewall.Andthenonthewell-madebedsatAmy,mynew___44___,dressedneatly.A.roommateB.classmateC.neighborD.companion【解析】名詞同現(xiàn)，空格前出現(xiàn)了room,furniture,curtains,aTV等同現(xiàn)信息可知坐在鋪好的床上的是“我”的室友。06利用跳讀法解題一般而言，完形填空要填的20空中總有一些空是相對簡單的。對于這類空格考生可以先將其確定下來，之后再逐個去突破其他空。跳過那些不太容易得出答案的題。切忌做題時循規(guī)蹈矩地一個順著一個地去完成。如：“Visitors!”repeatedJosh,wide-awakeatonce.He___1___upandlookedaround.Ashortdistanceaway,agroupof___2___stoodquietlywatchingus.Oneofthem___3___walkingtowardus.Webothjumpedtoour___4___notknowingwhattoexpect.1.A.satB.stayedC.thoughtD.put2.A.pilotsB.nativesC.editorsD.assistants3.A.avoidedB.delayedC.beganD.desired4.A.boatB.carC.horsesD.feet【解析】在通讀全文的第一遍中，我們可以很容易地將第四空填出來，這是固定搭配jumptoone’sfeet(跳起來);由此也可推出第三空的答案，因為有人開始向“我們”走了過來，所以“我們”才跳了起來;再根據(jù)第一空前面的wide-awake可知，此處指的應(yīng)該是“我和Josh完全清醒，坐起來，環(huán)顧四周”，所以第一空的答案為A;最后，根據(jù)句首Visitors可推知第二空的答案為B。07巧用排除法解題在有些情況下，考生如果不能很有把握地直接得出某一道題的答案，可以把排除法和詞匯、語法分析結(jié)合起來運用，縮小選擇的范圍，提高正確率。如：Thewomanlookedcarefullyatme___5___throughherglasses,andthenquestionedmeinalowvoice.A.asusualB.forawhileC.inaminuteD.onceagain【解析】這篇文章講述的是沒有工作經(jīng)驗的作者找到工作的故事。此題的解題關(guān)鍵詞是carefully，既然是“認真地看”，就不會是inaminute(立刻、馬上);既然互不相識，作者也未曾去找過工作，不會是asusual(像往常一樣);前面沒說已經(jīng)打量過作者一次了，所以用onceagain(再一次)是不合理的。所以，答案只能是B.08利用邏輯關(guān)系解題嘗試從邏輯關(guān)系的高度整體上把握，就會不無驚喜地發(fā)現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系才是征服完形填空的最佳途徑。所謂邏輯關(guān)系并不縹緲，它就隱藏在句子中、句與句之間以及段落與段落的銜接中。通過邏輯關(guān)系的方法，我們可以通過確切、具體的線索，把答案的邏輯意義推測出來，從而在答案中尋找表現(xiàn)了相同邏輯意義的選項。這樣做，使得題目的難度大大降低。(1)句中邏輯關(guān)系Vitaminsaresimilarbecausetheyaremadeofthesameelements—usuallycarbon,hydrogen,oxygen,and___45___nitrogen.Theyaredifferentinthattheirelementsarearrangeddifferently,andeachvitaminperformsoneormorespecificfunctionsinthebody.A.mostlyB.partlyC.sometimesD.rarely【解析】短文中的usually和and是本題邏輯推理的線索。And前后構(gòu)成了并列關(guān)系，即and前的usuallycarbon,hydrogen,oxygen這些維生素成分和and后面的nitrogen成分形成并列關(guān)系，相應(yīng)修飾carbon,hydrogen,oxygen的usually必然和修飾nitrogen的45空的詞構(gòu)成一一對應(yīng)的邏輯關(guān)系。鑒于此，在45空考慮填入的應(yīng)是和usually相對應(yīng)的頻度副詞，而語義與usually略有不同。mostly和partly都表示了部分、量的含義，與頻度無關(guān)。rarely(很少地，罕有地)雖表示了頻度關(guān)系，但其意義與usually相反，不符合一一對應(yīng)的一致性，因此排除。只有C項sometimes(不時，有時)恰到好處地表示了and前后兩部分的邏輯對應(yīng)。故選C。(2)句間邏輯關(guān)系在此，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)所謂邏輯關(guān)系并不抽象，它往往通過轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步、遞進、因果等明確的邏輯關(guān)系詞來體現(xiàn)。當然，句子的邏輯關(guān)系也不一定體現(xiàn)在一句話的內(nèi)部，它還可以滲透到篇章的層面上，在句與句之間表現(xiàn)出來。如：MsClevelanddoesnotkeepherworkersonashortleash.___13___,sheencouragesthemtoget___14___waystodobusiness.A.StillB.YetC.InsteadD.While【解析】根據(jù)前后句子的意思可推出兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系是轉(zhuǎn)折，意思是“OldMrCleveland把工人用帶子捆綁起來(沒有任何自由)，而她不那樣，相反(instead)她鼓勵雇員”。(3)段間邏輯關(guān)系這種邏輯關(guān)系主要體現(xiàn)在段落之間的銜接上。如：Noteveryoneseesthatprocessinperspective.Itisimportanttodoso.Itisgenerallyrecognized,___29___,thattheintroductionofthecomputerintheearly20thcentury,followedbytheinventionoftheintegratedcircuitduringthe1960s,radicallychangedtheprocess,althoughitsimpactinthemediawasnotimmediatelyapparent.A.indeedB.henceC.howeverD.therefore【解析】這里有兩種情況，第一可能是第二段前后的邏輯體現(xiàn);第二就是段落的前后銜接。但是，這個題出現(xiàn)在第二段的第一句，那么，從完形填空注重邏輯關(guān)系的命題思路來看，我們優(yōu)先考慮第二種情況。前段末句意為“不是每個人都能夠正確看待這個進程”。而第二段首句為“大家普遍認為”，顯然這兩者之間存在了邏輯意義上的相反，此處可能體現(xiàn)了一種轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C。09巧用背景常識解題解答完形填空題時，有時文章中提供的信息還不夠，還需要把讀者頭腦中儲存的一般知識信息結(jié)合起來考慮，最后作出符合常識的最佳答案。因此，考生的知識范圍越廣，則對文章的理解會更容易，整體上知道所選短文在說什么，那么局部上的每一個空填起來也會得心應(yīng)手。因此解答完形填空題時，考生的英語語言知識和有關(guān)世界的知識，都發(fā)揮著重要的作用。當對語言的把握不很準確時，可充分利用自己已掌握的文化背景和生活常識，巧妙地加以運用，先找出并理解文章主題和主線，并根據(jù)主題猜測細節(jié)，注意從重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞語中尋找、體會文章表達的氛圍。這樣將會大大簡化復(fù)雜的分析與判斷過程，節(jié)省寶貴的時間，順利地沿作者的思路閱讀下去。如：After___2___theBritishflagatthePole,theytookaphotographofthemselvesbeforetheystartedthe950-milejourneyback.A.growingB.puttingC.plantingD.laying【解析】根據(jù)常識，南極地區(qū)冰雪覆蓋，須費好大的勁將旗插進極地，plant在這里的意思是“安插”“插牢”，故答案為plant。10利用對比結(jié)構(gòu)解題對比結(jié)構(gòu)常把兩種對立的事物或同一事物的兩個不同方面并列出來加以比較或?qū)Ρ取８呖纪晷翁羁疹}常常利用句子之間的對比關(guān)系或者同一個句子的不同部分之間的對比關(guān)系設(shè)計題目。如：Apupilwhocandohishomeworkinaquietand___59___roomisinamuchbetterpositionthanapupilwhodoeshishomeworkinasmall,noisyroomwiththetelevisionon.A.furnishedB.expensiveC.comfortableD.suitable【解析】本題利用相似短語之間的對比關(guān)系來命題。設(shè)空部分與下文的asmall,noisyroomwiththetelevisionon存在對比關(guān)系。作者想借此說明“相同的作業(yè)”對于“不同家庭背景的學(xué)生”所表現(xiàn)出的事實上的不公平。答案為C。11利用平行結(jié)構(gòu)解題平行結(jié)構(gòu)指的是結(jié)構(gòu)相同或相似，意思密切關(guān)聯(lián)，語法一致的句子或詞組成串排列的語言現(xiàn)象。這些結(jié)構(gòu)的形式整齊勻稱，內(nèi)容聯(lián)系緊密。命題者常從平行結(jié)構(gòu)的句式相同或相似這一角度，利用其表現(xiàn)意義的關(guān)聯(lián)或?qū)Ρ冗@一特點來設(shè)空。高考完形填空短文常常會出現(xiàn)這樣一些平行結(jié)構(gòu)，掌握這些結(jié)構(gòu)極為相似的句子可大大提高我們的解題效率。如：Companieswithlowaccidentratesplantheirsafetyprograms,workhardtoorganizethem,andcontinueworkingtokeepthem___42___andactive.A.aliveB.vividC.mobileD.diverse【解析】因空格處與and后面的active是平行的，所以答案為與active意思相近的alive。12利用暗示和對應(yīng)解題完形填空題中雖然也穿插了對語法、短語和單詞的辨析、句子結(jié)構(gòu)的考查等，但對文章故事情節(jié)發(fā)展線索的邏輯考查仍是重點。暗示與上下對應(yīng)的思維方法，是突破此類完形填空最關(guān)鍵的思維方式?？忌谧鲱}時要有全局觀念，進行連貫性思維，做題時要把每個空白處的含義與前后句的意思聯(lián)系起來理解，進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷。難選之處前后通常多有暗示，這種暗示多為后面暗示前面。如：...hewouldjoinstudentgroupstodiscussavarietyof___47___:agriculture,divingandmathematics.A.questionsB.subjectsC.mattersD.contents【解析】此題后面的冒號部分有提示：agriculture，divingandmathematics是他們談話討論的話題，由此可得出本題的答案為B。13根據(jù)文章的感情色彩解題考生在第一遍通讀時，應(yīng)在掌握文章大意，弄清作者思路的基礎(chǔ)上，著重尋找反映語境褒貶性的標志性詞匯或句子，這些標志性詞匯或句子往往對文章的語境褒貶性起著決定性的作用。如：IwassosurprisedthatIwas___47___(speechless).Mycousinmusthavemadeanefforttogethimselfintoshape.___48___(Asaresult),atthepointinourgamewhenI’dhavepredictedthescoretobeabout9to1inmyfavor,itwas___49___(instead)7to9andEdwas50(leading).【解析】surprised一詞道出了情況的轉(zhuǎn)折，我們可以看到這時作者用詞的轉(zhuǎn)變。madeaneffort，getintoshape等這些褒義詞的使用對這些空的選擇起到了很好的引導(dǎo)作用。speechless,instead都是由驚訝得出的。14綜合利用各種線索解題完形填空題主要考查短文閱讀理解的能力。因此考生必須閱讀全文，弄清句子與句子之間的關(guān)系，準確理解全文。為了答好題，考生必須從字里行間尋找能夠利用的線索。如書寫和形態(tài)變化線索(graphicandmorphologicalclues)、詞匯線索(lexicalclues)、句法線索(syntacticalclues)、社會文化線索(socio-culturalclues)，并根據(jù)有關(guān)的線索進行猜測，作出合理的判斷。如：Andtheclerkconfirmedthathisplanewasleavingatnineo’clockthreedaysfromthatday…Sincehewas___44___inthreedays,Andydidn’tloseanytime.movingB.returningC.stayingD.leaving易錯考點歸納易錯點一不懂熟詞生義對于一些看上去很熟悉的詞，考生往往不知道或者不重視除了自己所記住的詞義之外的其他意思或者其他詞性。在平時的復(fù)習(xí)中考生不重視熟詞生義，導(dǎo)致他們在高考緊張的答題時間內(nèi)，腦海中出現(xiàn)的就只有自己最熟悉的意思，從而出現(xiàn)答題失誤，導(dǎo)致丟分。近幾年高考英語全國卷完形填空中頻繁出現(xiàn)熟詞生義這個考點，一般以下列兩種形式呈現(xiàn)：01一詞多義Anditcametomethenhowmucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwordsthatexpressdifferent42ofgratitude（感謝）.A.gradesB.meaningsC.needsD.expectations【答案】A.grade（等級）grade:n.年級（熟詞熟義）→n.程度；等級（熟詞生義）根據(jù)句意可知，differentgradesofgratitude意為“不同程度的感謝”。整個句子的意思是“當時想，如果有一系列表達不同程度感謝的詞，事情就容易多了”?！疽族e選項解析】B。答案怎么可能會是A？grades這個詞再熟悉不過了，不是“年級”的意思嗎？這是大部分考生看到這個詞時的第一反應(yīng)，殊不知，就是這種“最熟悉的陌生人”讓考生與正確答案擦肩而過?？忌恢纆rade還可以表示“程度；等級”，因而在排除了C.needs（需求），D.expectations（期待）之后，勉強選了B.meanings（意思）。02多詞性詞多詞性詞是指同一個詞，在不變換詞形的情況下，有一種以上的詞性。如果平時學(xué)生不留意，沒有掌握這種多詞性詞，那么在高考英語中它就會對學(xué)生答題造成干擾。Thepatientlookedpuzzled,andthen56.replied:“Ohthisisn’tforthe57.careIhad.Itakethatasa58.No,thisisforsettingmyhairyesterday.”A.goalB.givenC.pushD.greeting【答案】B.given（既定的事實，一定會發(fā)生的事情）givenv.給；贈送（give的過去分詞，基本義/熟義）→n.既定的事實（熟詞生義）根據(jù)句意可知，這位患者給護士錢，不是因為她得到了護士的照顧。她認為護士照顧她是“一定會發(fā)生的事情”此外，“takesth.as...（把……認為）”這一短語以及代詞that的指代作用，增加了學(xué)生解答試題的難度，也影響了這道題的正答率?！疽族e選項解析】D。2021年高考英語的這道題難倒了諸多考生。根據(jù)考生回憶，當時沒有選B的原因，主要是其不知道該詞的意思。英語基礎(chǔ)好一些的考生也只記得given是個形容詞，但不知道其具體的意思。在這種情況下，考生排除了A.goal（目標），C.push（推），因不確定B.given的意思，盡管有一部分考生認為D.greeting（問候）帶到原文中意思似乎也不對，但還是勉強選了D。易錯點二未能聯(lián)系上下文高考英語完形填空都有特定的主題語境，但是考生往往會忽視語境對語篇的統(tǒng)攝作用，導(dǎo)致其做題時“只見樹木，不見森林”?？忌龅讲粫念}，可以暫時放過，往往下文會有語境上的提示，這也是教師在講解完形填空時經(jīng)常對學(xué)生說的“上下求索”，即聯(lián)系上下文，它主要有以下三種情況：01同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)指的是完形填空中的某個設(shè)空處的答案在上下文中已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)過。學(xué)生通過“上下求索”就能得出設(shè)空處的答案。Iwonderif49.parentsshouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe50.consequences.Ihaveaverystrong51thattheliewe’retellingisdoing52.spiritualdamagetoourchildren...Maybeit’sanunreasonablefear.A.demandB.fearC.desireD.doubt【答案】B.fearn.（害怕）。句意：“我非常害怕，現(xiàn)在撒的謊正在對孩子造成精神上的傷害。”【易錯選項解析】D。有的考生看到51空前的strong會選擇doubt，覺得應(yīng)該是我深深懷疑……，但是如果考生在這里多思考一下，接著看下文“Maybeit’sanunreasonablefear.”，就會得出正確答案為B.fear。02同義復(fù)現(xiàn)同義復(fù)現(xiàn)是指完形填空中某個設(shè)空處的答案在上下文中有相同或者相似意義的表達的暗示。有時候這樣的暗示是通過轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系來體現(xiàn)的。學(xué)生通過揣摩上下文語義就能得出設(shè)空處的答案。Alocalfarmertoldthemthedogsoundedlikeone50aslostinthelocalpaper.Theadhada51.phonephonenumberforatowninsouthernMichigan.A.predictedB.advertisedC.believedD.recorded【答案】B.advertisedv.（做廣告）。句意：“當?shù)剞r(nóng)民告訴他們這只狗像是當?shù)貓蠹埳峡堑淖邅G的狗?！薄疽族e選項解析】D?？忌x錯的原因在于其沒有看到下文中的“Theadhada...”，還有部分考生看到ad一下子就懵了，沒反應(yīng)過來ad是advertisement的縮寫，覺得這個消息應(yīng)該是在當?shù)貓蠹埳蟫ecord（記錄）的，從而誤選D。03邏輯關(guān)系準確把握上下文邏輯關(guān)系對提高考生完形填空試題的正答率大有裨益。邏輯關(guān)系有順承、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果等。有時候考生要想分析出這樣的邏輯關(guān)系，還需要通讀全篇?！癢eseetheskyis43.blue,butdowninthevalleyit’sdarker—it’slikeona44day.”A.cloudyB.normalC.differentD.warm【答案】A.cloudyadj.（陰天的）。句意：“我們能看到天空是藍色的，但是在山谷里天變暗了，像陰天一樣?！薄疽族e選項解析】C。根據(jù)破折號前的內(nèi)容可知，山谷里稍暗一些，破折號后的內(nèi)容是對前文的進一步解釋。此外，對比句意的前后邏輯關(guān)系blue—darker—（...），也可以看出應(yīng)選cloudy，而不是different，blue—darker—different（snowy?rainy?）這樣的邏輯關(guān)系在這里講不通。易錯點三沒記準詞義或固定搭配的含義詞義辨析或者固定搭配是完形填空的必考項，尤其是形近詞辨析、動詞短語或者介詞短語辨析。這類題型考查的是學(xué)生對詞義或固定搭配的識記能力，但考生往往因為選項中的單詞或者短語比較相似而記不準詞義，從而導(dǎo)致丟分。...butthegunshotshadscaredthedogoff.Jeffsearched55forRosieinthenextfourdays.A.onpurposeB.ontimeC.inturnD.invain【答案】D.invain（徒勞）。句意：“槍聲把狗嚇跑了，Jeff搜尋了Rosie四天，沒有任何結(jié)果。”【易錯選項解析】A、B、C。A.onpurpose（故意），B.ontime（按時），C.inturn（依次；輪流），D.invain（徒勞）。考生如果沒記準這些常見的固定搭配，就會想當然地隨便選擇選項。易錯點四缺乏常識或文化背景知識對于完形填空中的一些考查常識或文化背景的題，如果考生對相關(guān)的主題比較熟悉，有這方面的常識或者文化背景，那么正答率就高。這就要求考生的閱讀面要廣，有一定的常識及文化背景知識的積累。58.Finallyyouclimbintoanarctic-likezonewith59snowandtheglaciersthatmaysoondisappear.A.permanentB.littleC.freshD.arti?cial【答案】A.permanentadj.（永久的）。根據(jù)句意，“最后你會爬到像北極一樣的地區(qū)，那里永久的積雪和冰川也許很快會消失。”【易錯選項解析】B。這篇完形填空的主題是人與自然，介紹了非洲最高的山——乞力馬扎羅山的環(huán)境污染情況，以及在當?shù)貦C構(gòu)努力治理之后，其環(huán)境的改觀。如果學(xué)生對乞力馬扎羅山有所了解，就會知道它是世界上唯一的一座“赤道雪山”。目前乞力馬扎羅山的冰雪融化、冰川消失現(xiàn)象非常嚴重，在過去的80年內(nèi)冰川已經(jīng)萎縮了80%以上。有環(huán)境專家指出，乞力馬扎羅雪頂可能將在10年內(nèi)徹底融化消失。選錯的考生認為，既然積雪和冰川馬上就要消亡了，那積雪肯定特別少，所以就誤選了B.little。在缺乏背景知識的情況下，考生就會有各種奇葩的思路。Passage1（2024屆江蘇二模英語試題）GlenEdwardsbecameaherowhenherescuedaconstructionworkertrappedontopofa160-meter-highbuilding.Asacrane(吊車)73workingonaconstructionsite,Edwards74foundhimselfinalife-savingmissionwhenafirebrokeout.Herecalledhowhe75thetrappedworkerfromhiscrane’scabin(駕駛艙),andhowhecameupwiththeideaofsavingthemanbylowerinacagetohimtolethim76.However,hisattemptto77thecagebeforethemanwasbynomeansaneasyjob,aseachpost(彈)ofwindpreventedtothrowhiscraneoffbalance.Besides,thesmokeandflamesalsoaddedtothedifficulty.78thegreatchallenges,Edwardsrefusedtogiveupandfoughtto79control.Luckily,someoneonthegroundoffered80onwheretolandthecagethrougharadio.Edwards81thecrane’smovements,inchbyinch,untilthecagehanged(盤旋)justinchesfromtheedgeofthe82.Withdetermination,Edwardssuccessfullylandedthecage.Eventually,Edwardswatchedthecage83themanawayfromthehorriblefirebelowandloweringhimtosafety.Thecrowd84abigroundofapplause,atribute(致敬)tothecourageandskill85byEdwards.Heknewthathisquickthinkingandstrong86hadmadeallthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeathinthefaceofdisaster.AGoFundMepagehasnowbeensetuptoraisemoneyforhim——withorganizers87peopleto“buyGlenabeer”forhislife-savingefforts.73．A．engineer B．operator C．cleaner D．salesman74．A．regularly B．unfortunately C．intentionally D．unexpectedly75．A．helped B．spotted C．realized D．guided76．A．escape B．hide C．walk D．slide77．A．clean B．cover C．position D．open78．A．Despite B．Without C．For D．From79．A．switch B．maintain C．lose D．give80．A．instructions B．problems C．explanations D．courses81．A．quickened B．described C．a(chǎn)djusted D．repeated82．A．door B．garden C．crane D．roof83．A．persuading B．lifting C．warning D．dragging84．A．wentthrough B．puton C．a(chǎn)skedfor D．brokeinto85．A．displayed B．a(chǎn)dmitted C．exchanged D．required86．A．preference B．response C．emotion D．determination87．A．choosing B．encouraging C．ordering D．teachingPassage2(2024屆湖南?。ㄒ荒＃┯⒄Z試題)In2015,MistyCopelandwasnamedaprincipaldancer-aballerinaofthehighestrank—atAmericanBalletTheatre.SheisthefirstAfricanAmericanwomanto88it.Inherchildhood,Mistywasshyand89thespotlight.Butshelovedmusicand90.Whenshewas13,Misty’steachersuggestedshe91aballetclass.Fortwoweeks,Mistysatonthegymbleachers(露天看臺)watchingtheclass,92tojoinin.Shefelt93intheclass.Overtime,however,shebegantoenjoythelessons.Shediscoveredher94—especiallyherlonglegsandstrong,flexiblemuscles—wasjustrightforballet.95,balletmeantalottoMisty.“Forthefirsttimeinmylife,IfeltlikeIbelongedinballet,shesays.Mistysuddenlygained96anddevelopedcurvesat19.“Iwasbeingtoldthatmyweightandproportionsjustweren’t97anymore.”Thisshookher98.EventhoughMistyfelt99,shedidn’tquit.Shelearnedtoeathealthierfoods.Shelearnedtrainingtechniques100toherbodytype.Whenshewasn’tperforming,shewaspracticing.Whenshewasn’tpracticing,shewasstretching.Asshedid,shebegantobelieveagainthatshe101in.“Nomatterwhatthatdreamis,”shesays,“youhavethepowertomakeitcometruewithhardworkand102.”88．A．finish B．create C．make D．perform89．A．prohibited B．a(chǎn)voided C．a(chǎn)bandoned D．ignored90．A．movement B．practice C．gesture D．cycle91．A．confirm B．a(chǎn)ttend C．sign D．tend92．A．a(chǎn)nxious B．curious C．eager D．a(chǎn)fraid93．A．outofdate B．outofplace C．outoforder D．outofbreath94．A．a(chǎn)ppearance B．limbs C．body D．organs95．A．Approximately B．Obviously C．Partially D．Gradually96．A．weight B．muscle C．strength D．independence97．A．true B．fair C．right D．real98．A．self-esteem B．self-confidence C．self-consciousness D．self-discipline99．A．disturbed B．a(chǎn)shamed C．confused D．discouraged100．A．specified B．tailored C．expected D．positive101．A．broke B．fitted C．took D．gave102．A．engagement B．contribution C．subscription D．commitmentPassage3（2024陜西省西安市二模）Wemayhaveheardthatit’snevertoolatetopursueyourdreams.Now,aman103thattobetruebyachievinghislifelong104after84years.Earlierthisyear,101-year-oldMerrillPittmanCooper105hishighschooldiplomaduringasurprisegraduation106.Hisfamilyworkedwithlocalschoolofficialsto107thecelebration.CooperattendedStorerCollegefrom1934to1938,butlifecondition108himfromfinishingschoolandearninghis109.Withouthisfatheraround,hismotherworkedasalive-inhousekeeperinorderto110hisschooltuitionandboard,butthatwasn’t111.Afterrealizinghismothercouldn’t112tomakethefinaltuitionpaymentforhissenioryear,theteen113hertomovethemtoPhiladelphiatobeclosertoherfamily.InPhiladelphia,Cooperworkedtohelphismotherpaythebillsandhewas114asacitytrolley(有軌電車)caroperatorin1945.Thatjobledhimtoalongand115careerintransportationwherehe116becamepresidentofthelocalunioninPennsylvaniaandlatervicepresidentoftheInternationalTransportWorkersUnioninNewYorkCity.Butdespitesuchasuccessful117,healwaysregrettednotgraduatingandgettinghishighschooldiploma.Butnow,after84years,Cooperwas118abletoseehislifelongdreamcometrue.Hisfamilygottheideato119himwiththehonoraryhighschooldiploma.Coopercouldhardly120histearswhenhediscoveredtheirplan.ThewholethingwasadreamcometrueforCooper,whonow121hisdiplomaproudlyfromitsperch(棲息處)onhisbedroomdresser.“Ican’tthinkofa122day,”saystheinspiring101-year-oldman.“I’mreallyhappytohaveit.”103．A．proved B．found C．provided D．counted104．A．habit B．belief C．goal D．challenge105．A．caught B．received C．left D．opened106．A．donation B．sport C．meeting D．ceremony107．A．a(chǎn)rrange B．cancel C．expect D．change108．A．saved B．prevented C．rescued D．protected109．A．degree B．fame C．diploma D．living110．A．show B．offer C．buy D．pay111．A．enough B．meaningful C．inspiring D．reasonable112．A．refuse B．a(chǎn)fford C．choose D．hope113．A．ordered B．forced C．encouraged D．promised114．A．a(chǎn)ppointed B．treated C．voted D．hired115．A．boring B．fruitful C．sincere D．a(chǎn)nnoying116．A．eventually B．eagerly C．thoroughly D．frequently117．A．experience B．a(chǎn)dventure C．career D．hobby118．A．immediately B．finally C．a(chǎn)ctually D．a(chǎn)bsolutely119．A．shock B．disappoint C．interest D．surprise120．A．comeacross B．wipeout C．holdback D．cheerup121．A．displays B．reaches C．demonstrates D．cares122．A．calmer B．warmer C．richer D．happierPassage4（2024河北二模英語試題）Borneoishometosomeofthemostextraordinarywildlife.Severalyearsago,Idecidedtogothereforavisit.Alocalpersonofferedtobemyguide,whichwasagreatbonusforme.Oneday,myguideturnedoffthesmoothroadandtookmeacrossa123hillsideinstead.Wepickedourwaycarefullywhen124acharmingflowerpoppedintomyviewamongthosestones.Oh,dear!Morethan125,Ibentdownandputmynosepracticallyinsidetheflower’score.126,tomysurprise,itwasonlyoneofthe127duringthetrip.AsI128theendofmytrip,therewasstillsomethingIhadyettosee.Weplannedto129mostfearedcreaturethere,thesaltwatercrocodile,whichcangrowtoa130of6metersormore.Whenweshoneaflashlighttowardsthemuddyshore,littlesounds131inthedarknessasifsomethingunseenunderwaterhadbrokenthe132.Takingasecondlook,wespottedtwogreedy133justabovethewaterline.Aswedrewnear,it134andwesawclearlyitwasacrocodile.Withgreatcaution,weneareditandfinallycould135itstruedimensions.Itwasababy—nomorethan0.6meterlong.Aha,whatever,Icouldnowreporttothe136backhome,whohadneverbeentoBorneo,thatIhad137ahungrycrocodileinthewildandlivedtotellthetale.123．A．rolling B．spectacular C．rough D．breathtaking124．A．suddenly B．literally C．definitely D．ultimately125．A．a(chǎn)larmed B．pleased C．concerned D．upset126．A．Nevertheless B．Besides C．Instead D．Therefore127．A．desires B．motivations C．destinations D．highlights128．A．summarized B．suspected C．a(chǎn)pproached D．valued129．A．holdonto B．pickup C．reflecton D．huntfor130．A．width B．length C．height D．size131．A．emerged B．paused C．continued D．declined132．A．mud B．surface C．ground D．shore133．A．legs B．mouths C．eyes D．teeth134．A．moved B．sank C．hid D．escaped135．A．giveout B．letout C．turnout D．makeout136．A．victims B．opponents C．folks D．guides137．A．challenged B．encountered C．terrified D．chasedPassage5(2024安徽省三?？荚?AwinterstormdroppedhugeamountsofsnowovernightonJanuary16inwesternPennsylvania.138BrianDelallo,whoworkedonalocalhighschoolfootballteam,decidedtocalloffhisplayers’weightlifting139.Hetextedhis140saying:“Duetotheexpectedsevereweather,Monday’sweightliftingworkouthasbeen141.Findanelderlyordisabledneighborandshovel(為……除雪)theirdriveway.Don’t142anymoney—that’sourMonday’sworkout.”Theplayersreceivedthe143andwentouttoworkonthemorethansixinchesofsnowthatfellovernight.Theysaidthattheyremovedsnowfromdozensof144.Someplayerstextedtheircoachafterwardstotellhimhow145itwas.“Weallfeelgreataboutit,”saidteamcaptainGavinMoul.“It’snotonlyhelpingthem,butit’shelpingustobecomeabetterteam.”Manyofthepeoplewhomtheteammembersapproachedcouldn’tbelievethattheplayersrefusedanypayment.Sometimespeopleeven146theirhelpbecausetheywouldn’ttakemoneyforit.147,itwasnotthefirsttimefortheteamtohaveshovelingworkout.Itwasstartedbyacoachmorethantwodecadesago.Itwasoneofthemany148theteamkept.“It’saboutcommunity.”thecoachsaid.“Itisaninspiringwayforustointeractwithourcommunityandshowthatit149.Shovelingsnowisjustoneofthoseopportunitiestoshow150tothecommunitythatsupportsus.”Theteamgotaworkoutandgavebacktothecommunitybydoingtheseactsof151atthesametime.Itwasa152forall.138．A．Principal B．Coach C．Physician D．Goalkeeper139．A．tournament B．journey C．vacation D．practice140．A．superiors B．players C．opponents D．neighbours141．A．postponed B．a(chǎn)dvanced C．cancelled D．a(chǎn)pproved142．A．a(chǎn)ccept B．donate C．lose D．carry143．A．parcel B．criticism C．invitation D．message144．A．schools B．hospitals C．homes D．shelters145．A．demanding B．rewarding C．promising D．a(chǎn)musing146．A．heldout B．fixedup C．calledon D．turneddown147．A．Actually B．Recently C．Normally D．Totally148．A．goals B．secrets C．traditions D．jobs149．A．matters B．cares C．works D．stays150．A．strength B．patience C．dependence D．a(chǎn)ppreciation151．A．trust B．confidence C．