Unit4重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)講義牛津譯林版英語九年級(jí)上冊(cè)

9AU4【wele】1.What'sonyourmind,Eddie?onone'smind（有事）掛在心上；惦念inone'smind在某人的腦海里2.What'sup?怎么了，出什么事了？相當(dāng)于What'swrong?What'sthematter?What'sthetrouble?What'shappening?Whathashappened?3.Don'twakemeupuntilyoufinishbuildingit.(1)wakesbup把某人喚醒wakeup（名隨代中）(2)not...until&untilnot...until“直到……才”常與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用表示句子（主句）的動(dòng)作直到until所表示的時(shí)間才開始。until“直到……為止”，表示動(dòng)作，狀態(tài)的持續(xù)，常與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用表示句子（主句）的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到until所表示的時(shí)間為止。(3)fish及物動(dòng)詞“完成”+名詞/代詞/vingfinishdoingsth做完某事4.Lifeisajourney.[journey]①可數(shù)名詞“旅行，旅游”haveajourneygoonajourney②動(dòng)詞“旅行”（長途陸路用journey,短途短裙用trip,觀光旅游用tour,時(shí)長路遠(yuǎn)用travel）5.Booksallowmetolearnaboutpeopleindifferenttimesandplaces,andIcanreadthemwheneverIwantto.(1)[time]①可數(shù)名詞“時(shí)代，（歷史）時(shí)期”inmoderntimes在現(xiàn)代inancienttimes在古代②可數(shù)名詞“次數(shù)；倍數(shù)”③不可數(shù)名詞“時(shí)間”(2)whenever無論何時(shí)＝nomatterwhenwherever＝nomatterwherehowever＝nomatterhowwhoever＝nomatterwhowhatever＝nomatterwhat6.IliketolearnabouttheworldthroughtheInternet.[through]介詞①“憑借”②“通過，穿過”(內(nèi)部）7.Assoonasyouclickthemouse,there'sagreatdealofinformation.（1）assoonas一……就……（2）許多可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞agreatdealof√plentyof√√alotof/lotsof√√anumberof√（3）information不可數(shù)名詞“信息；消息”apieceofinformation一條消息【reading】1.Hewasverysmallmuchbetterthantheotherkidsatschool.(1)much[副詞]……得多相當(dāng)于alot修飾比較級(jí)修飾比較級(jí)的詞:alittle/abitfareven(2)theotherkids其他的孩子；其他任何孩子相當(dāng)于anyotherkids?比較級(jí)+than+theother+可名復(fù)+比較范圍＝比較級(jí)+than+anyother+可名單+比較范圍2.However,hehadabiddreamhewantedtoplayintheNBA.However,.....,however..................,however.3.Whileattendingjuniorhigh,Spudtiredoutfortheschoolteam,buthewasrefusedatfirstbecausehewastoosmall.(1)[while]連詞①“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”，后面跟現(xiàn)在分詞或時(shí)間狀語從句，表示時(shí)間。當(dāng)while從句中的主語和主句一致，且含有be的某種形式時(shí)，從句中的主語連同be可同時(shí)省略。while(hewas)attendingjunior,.........②“然而”，表對(duì)比（2）tryoutfor參加……選拔（或試演）4.Hedidnotloseheart.loseheart泄氣；灰心[lose]構(gòu)成的短語loseone'sheartto愛上loseone'sway迷路loseface丟臉loseone'sjob/work失業(yè)loseone'svoice失聲loseone'slife失去生命loseweight減肥loseone'shead失去理智loseinterestin...對(duì)……失去興趣loseoneselfin....沉浸于……，專心于……5.Whenhefinallygotthechance,hescored20pointsinhisfirstgame.(1)chance名詞“機(jī)會(huì)，可能性”getachance得到機(jī)會(huì)haveachanceofdoingsth＝haveachancetodosth有機(jī)會(huì)做某事（2）score①及物動(dòng)詞/不及物動(dòng)詞“得分，獲勝”②可數(shù)名詞“得分；比分”；“（考試中的）成績；分?jǐn)?shù)”6.Inseniorhigh,Spudoftenhadtositinthestandsbecauseofhisheight.becauseof+名詞/代詞/名詞短語because+原因狀語從句7.Hepractisedevenharderandgotthecoachtochangehismind.(1)getsbtodosth使/讓某人做某事（let/makesbdosth）(2)changeone'smind改變主意makeupone'smind(todosth)下定決心（做某事）(3)minddoingsth介意做某事mindsb/sb'sdoingsth介意某人做某事8.Spudwentontobeeleaderoftheteam.(1)goon①goontodosth（完成某事后）接著做另一件事Havingfinisheddoinghishomework,hewentontowritealettertohisfriend.②goondoingsth不停地做某事Youcan'tgoonworkingwithoutarest.③goonwithsth（尤指停頓或中斷之后）繼續(xù)做同一件事Wewillgoonwiththediscussiontomorrow.(2)leadleader①有些動(dòng)詞加后綴_er構(gòu)成表示對(duì)應(yīng)職業(yè)的名詞，有些動(dòng)詞加后綴_or構(gòu)成表示對(duì)應(yīng)職業(yè)的名詞teachteachersingsingerreadreadervisitvisitorinventinventor②有些動(dòng)詞加后綴_er或_or構(gòu)成的名詞多指男性，若指女性則要加后綴_ressactactoractresswaitwaiterwaitress9Inhislastyearofseniorhigh,hewasnamedPlayeroftheYearinTexas.[name]①及物動(dòng)詞“命名”namesb/sth........把某人/某物命名為……②動(dòng)詞“提名，任命”namesbas....任命某人為……③可數(shù)名詞“名字”10.However,nouniversitywouldinvitehimtoplaybasketballsimplybecausehewasonly170cmtall.(1)university大學(xué)collegestudent(s)大學(xué)生gotocollege上大學(xué)(2)invitesbtodosth邀請(qǐng)某人做某事invitesbtospl邀請(qǐng)某人去某地invitationn.邀請(qǐng)(3)simply①副詞“只是，僅僅”②形容詞“簡單的，簡易的”＝easy反義詞:hard/difficult11.Hedecidedtoplayatjuniorcollege.decide(not)todosth決定（不）做某事12.Thereheledhisteamtothenationalchampionship.led(led,led,leading）及物動(dòng)詞“帶路，領(lǐng)先”①led....to....帶領(lǐng)……去……②ledsbtodosth致使/誘惑某人做某事③ledto（道路等）通往……；引起（結(jié)果等）AllroadsleadtoRome.條條大路通羅馬。13.Asaresult,hesucceededingettingascholarship.（1）asaresult“因此，結(jié)果”，后面指事情的結(jié)果asaresultof“由于”，后面接事情的原因，相當(dāng)于becauseof。（2）succeedindoingsth成功地做某事14.Althoughhewasagreatplayeratuniversity,theNBAwasnotinterestedinhimbecauseallitsplayerswe'remorethan20cmtallerthanhewas.(1)although連詞“盡管；雖然”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。相當(dāng)于though,但although多用于書面語中(2)morethan＝over多于；超過反義詞:lessthan15.Afterhegraduated,hewasforcedtoplayinanotherbasketballleague.(1)graduate不及物動(dòng)詞“畢業(yè)”graduatefrom....從……畢業(yè)graduatein.....畢業(yè)于……（專業(yè)）graduationn.畢業(yè)aftergraduation畢業(yè)后(2)force①及物動(dòng)詞“強(qiáng)迫；迫使”forcesbtodosth迫使某人做某事beforcedtodosth被迫做某事②不可數(shù)名詞“力量”16.HeremainedthereforaboutayearbeforetheNBAtooknoticeofhim.(1)remain①不及物動(dòng)詞“逗留，停留”②不及物動(dòng)詞“遺留，繼續(xù)存在”③連系動(dòng)詞“仍然是，保持不變”(2)takenoticeof注意，察覺，理會(huì)takenonoticeof不注意，不理會(huì)In1985,hejoinedtheAtlantaHawksandbeetheshortestplayerintheNBAatthattime.“加入”join參加某個(gè)組織或團(tuán)體，并成為其中一員joinin參加某個(gè)活動(dòng)takepartin參加會(huì)議或群眾性活動(dòng)，并在活動(dòng)中發(fā)揮作用Hehadmanyachievements,buthisproudestmomentcamein1986...[achievement]可數(shù)名詞“成就，成績”theachievementof........的成就/成績[achieve]vt.獲得，實(shí)現(xiàn)；取得achieveone’sdream實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的夢想(=one’sdreametrue)[proud]adj.自豪的，驕傲的beproudof....為...自豪beproudtodosth自豪地做某事beproud+that引導(dǎo)的從句[pride]n.自豪，驕傲takepridein....為....而自豪（=beproudof....）theprideof......的驕傲Throughhardwork,SpudWebbprovedthatsizeandbodytypedonotmatteryoucandoalmostanythingifyounevergiveup.[prove]vt.證明；證實(shí)?prove+名詞/代詞Hedidsomeexperimentstoprovehistheory.?prove+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語(adj./n./todo(tobe可省略))Againhistoryprovedhim(tobe)wrong.?prove+(that)從句Thedoctor’stestsproved(that)MrBlackwasingoodhealth.[matter]①不及物動(dòng)詞“要緊，有重大影響”常用于否定句中，Itdoesn'tmatter.沒關(guān)系②可數(shù)名詞“事情，問題，毛病”That’sonlyamatteroftime.那只是時(shí)間問題。③名詞“麻煩，毛病”What’sthematterwith....?【grammar】Theycanbeplacedatthebeginningorinthemiddleofsentences.atthebeginningof....在....之初反：attheendof...在...末尾/盡頭[beginning]構(gòu)成的短語atthebeginning起初，開始fromthebeginning從一開始frombeginningtoend從有到尾inthemiddleof....在...中間inthemiddleofthenight半夜inthemiddleoftheroad在路中央Beforeandaftercanalsobeusedasprepositionsoftime.beusedas...被用作....①beusedtodosth被用來做某事（beusedfordoingsth）beusedtodoingsth習(xí)慣于做某事usedtodosth過去常常做某事②beusedbysb被某人使用Ijoggingeverymorning.gojogging去慢跑?go+doing去做某事，常用于表達(dá)從事某一體育活動(dòng)或休閑活動(dòng)Ireceivedacallfrommyuncle.[receive]動(dòng)詞“接到，收到”=getreceive/getacallfromsb接到某人的receive收到指客觀上收到或拿到，但主觀上不一定會(huì)接受accept接受主觀上愿意接受Iwaitedfor2minutesatthebusstopuntil/tillthebusarrived.arrivein/atspl.reachspl.gettospl....hedidnotbeeseriousaboutbasketballuntil/tillhewas12.....bee/beserousabout....認(rèn)真對(duì)待....Thebestmomentinhiscareerwasin2004hescored41pointsinagameagainsttheAtlantaHawks.[against]介詞①對(duì)抗；與....相反；違反beagainst....反對(duì).....(反義詞組：befor支持)②靠著；頂著；碰；撞；迎著；襯著WhenYaoMingwaslivingintheUSA,hereturnedtoChinawheneverhewasneeded.[return]①不及物動(dòng)詞“返回，回來”=go/ebackreturntospl.返回某地returnfromspl.從某◎before,after,when和while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句before在...之前表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作之前。after在...之后表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作之后。when當(dāng)...時(shí)表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的特定時(shí)間。主從句的動(dòng)作可以同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可以先后發(fā)生。從句的時(shí)態(tài)多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)/一般過去時(shí)；謂語動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞也可以是非延續(xù)動(dòng)詞。while在...期間表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句進(jìn)行的過程中。主語一致，從句中有be動(dòng)詞的形式時(shí)，主語和be動(dòng)詞可以省略；謂語動(dòng)詞只能是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。與...同時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作和從句動(dòng)作是同時(shí)發(fā)生的?！騭ince,till和until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句since自從....以來主句：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)從句：一般過去時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞：延續(xù)性/非延續(xù)性till直到...為止一般情況下兩者可以互換，until更正式until（主將從現(xiàn)）not..非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞...until....主句謂語動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，肯定或否定形式都可。Donotwakemeupuntilyoufinishyourwork.Helivedwithhisfamilyuntilhegotmarried.◎assoonas和whenever引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句assoonas一....就....主將從現(xiàn)whenever每當(dāng)；任何時(shí)候【integratedskills】WorldWarⅡbrokeoutinEuropein1939andendedin1945.breakout（戰(zhàn)爭、火災(zāi)等）突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)[break]構(gòu)成的短語breakdown停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；出故障；拋錨breakoff中斷，停止；折斷breakinto強(qiáng)行闖入breakin打斷（他人說話）..hasbeentranslatedinto67languagessinceo....把...翻譯成....Itwasarecordofthattime,andithasalsobeeasymbolofthevictoryofthehumanspirit.（1）[record]①可數(shù)名詞“記錄”keeparecordof...把...記錄下來；保留....的記載②名詞“（常指運(yùn)動(dòng))記錄，最好的成績”breakarecord打破記錄make/setarecord創(chuàng)造記錄keep/holdarecord保持記錄③動(dòng)詞“錄制，記錄”symbol可數(shù)名詞“象征”asymbolof........的象征；....的標(biāo)志victory名詞“勝利”win/scoreavictory獲得勝利thejoyofvictory勝利的喜悅theywenttohidinginherfather’soffice.gointohiding躲藏起來Anneandhereldersisterdiedofillness.dieof死于（內(nèi)因）diefrom死于（外因）herfatherhadherdiarypublished.havesthdone使某事被做[拓展]havesbdosth讓某人做某事BecausetheGermanNazishatedtheJewsandwantedtokillthem...German德國人的；德國人（復(fù)數(shù)：Germans）；德語Germany德國Duringthatdifficulttime,AnnekeptwritinginherdiaryuntiltheywerediscoveredbytheNazisinAugust1944.keepondoingsth一直/不斷做某事[拓展]keepsbdoingsth讓某人一直做某事keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事Inherdiary,Annewrotedownherthoughts,herfeeling,herhopesandherdreamsforthefuture.(1)writedown寫下；記下（名隨代中）(2)[though]①可數(shù)名詞“主意，想法，思想”②不可數(shù)名詞“思考，思維”10.12yearoldboy一個(gè)12歲的男孩基數(shù)詞名詞（單數(shù)）形容詞11.getaway(from...)逃脫，（使）離開12.[homeless]adj.無家可歸的less形容詞后綴，有“無....,沒有.....”之意[admire]vt.欽佩，羨慕admiresbforsth因某事羨慕某人[encourage]vt.鼓勵(lì)encouragesbtodosth鼓勵(lì)某人做某事It’sapity+(that)從句.....真遺憾；....真可惜Whatapity!/That’sapity!真可惜！/真遺憾！inpeace=peacefully平靜地，安靜地infearofone’slife為某人地生命安全而擔(dān)憂【studyskills&task】[describe]vt.描述；描寫；形容describe...as...把...描述為...[boredom]不可數(shù)名詞“無聊，厭倦”bore+后綴domfree+domfreedomking+domkingdomdiscovervt.發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)覺discovery不可數(shù)名詞“發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)覺”/可數(shù)名詞“被發(fā)現(xiàn)的事實(shí)/事物”inhisfifties他五十多歲?inone’s+整十?dāng)?shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)某人幾十多歲否定前綴unfairunfairluckyunluckyfriendlyunfriendlyinneed在危難中，在危急中[類似]introuble處于困境中indanger處于危險(xiǎn)中[surprise]①名詞“驚異，詫異insurprise吃驚地toone’ssurprise令某人驚訝的是②可數(shù)名詞“意想不到的事”③vt.使（人）驚訝；使（人）吃驚[research]①不可數(shù)名詞“研究，調(diào)查”dosomeresearch做研究，做調(diào)查②vt.研究；調(diào)查；探究[death]n.死亡thedeathof.......的死亡[dead]adj.死的[die]vi.死亡NowIrealizedthathehasaheartfulloflove.befullof...=befilledwith...充滿....一、單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）1.PresidentXipaidastatevisittoRussiaattheinvitationofPresidentPutin______March20to22.A.from B.between C.on D.during【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：應(yīng)普京總統(tǒng)邀請(qǐng)，習(xí)主席于3月20日至22日對(duì)俄羅斯進(jìn)行國事訪問。

考查固定搭配。from從……到……；between在……之間；on在……之時(shí)；during在……期間。根據(jù)“March20to22”可知表示從20號(hào)到22號(hào)，故選A。

2.—Whatdoyoulearnin“TiangongClass”?—Thegravityinthespacestationisabout90%of______ontheEarth.A.it B.this C.that D.those【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——你在天宮課堂上學(xué)到了什么?——空間站的重力大約是地球上的重力的90%。考查代詞。it它；this這個(gè)；that那個(gè)；those那些。根據(jù)“Thegravityinthespacestationisabout90%of...ontheEarth.”可知此句是比較句，在比較級(jí)句子中，為了避免重復(fù)，可用that或those來指代比較對(duì)象，Thegravity為不可數(shù)名詞，此處應(yīng)用that。故選C。3.—______canwedotosupportourschoolfootballteam?—Wecanputuppostersandinvitemorestudentstocheerforthem.A.How B.What C.Why D.When【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——我們能做些什么來支持我們學(xué)校的足球隊(duì)？——我們可以張貼海報(bào)，邀請(qǐng)更多的學(xué)生為他們加油。考查特殊疑問句。How如何；What什么；Why為什么；When什么時(shí)候。根據(jù)“Wecanputuppostersandinvitemorestudentstocheerforthem.”可知問我們能做什么，用What提問。故選B。4.______studyingisimportant,doingphysicalactivityisnecessaryforteenagers.A.Although B.Unless C.Because D.Whether【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：雖然學(xué)習(xí)很重要，但體育鍛煉對(duì)青少年來說是必要的?？疾樵~義辨析。Although即使；Unless除非；Because因?yàn)?；Whether是否。根據(jù)“...studyingisimportant,doingphysicalactivityisnecessaryforteenagers.”可知前半句與后半句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用連詞although，故選A。5.—paredtoaprintedpicture,Grandpa’spaintingis________forourlivingroom.—Iagree.It’sourfamilytreasure.A.suitable B.moresuitable C.expensive D.moreexpensive【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——和打印的照片相比，爺爺?shù)漠嫺m合我們的客廳。——我同意，它是我們的家庭之寶?？疾樾稳菰~。besuitablefor適合；根據(jù)上文“paredtoaprintedpicture”可知此處在對(duì)比，需用比較級(jí)，又由“Grandpa’spainting”和“printedpicture”可知，兩者無法用價(jià)格來比對(duì)，加上后面的“for”，因此要用moresuitable。故選B。6.—ChatGPTtakesthetechnologyworldbystorm.Willit________changetheworld?—Maybe.Itdependsonhowitisusedanddeveloped.A.pletely B.specially C.simply D.properly【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——ChatGPT席卷了科技世界。它會(huì)徹底改變整個(gè)世界嗎？——可能。這取決于它怎么被使用和發(fā)展?？疾楦痹~辨析。pletely完全地，徹底地；specially特意地；simply簡單地；properly合適地。根據(jù)“ChatGPTtakesthetechnologyworldbystorm.”可推測，ChatGPT席卷了科技界，故詢問會(huì)不會(huì)徹底改變世界。故選A。7.Playingtheguitarandwatchingediesarebothmyfavouritewaysof______.A.achievements B.instruments C.entertainment D.treatment【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：彈吉他和看喜劇都是我最喜歡的娛樂方式。考查詞義辨析。achievements成就；instruments樂器；entertainment娛樂活動(dòng)；treatment治療。根據(jù)“Playingtheguitarandwatchingedies”可知是娛樂方式，故選C。8.—Howcanyourpanybesosuccessful,Mr.Zhang?—Itproducesahighqualityproductatapricethecustomercan________.A.pay B.spend C.buy D.afford【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——張先生，貴公司是如何如此成功的？——以顧客能承受的價(jià)格生產(chǎn)高質(zhì)量的產(chǎn)品。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。pay付款；spend花費(fèi)；buy買；afford買得起，負(fù)擔(dān)得起。根據(jù)“Itproducesahighqualityproductatapricethecustomercan...”可知，以顧客能承受的價(jià)格生產(chǎn)高質(zhì)量的產(chǎn)品。故選D。9.—Ms.Wang,IaskedyouaquestiononQQlastnight,butreceivednoreply.—Sorry,I______today’slessonsthen.What’sthat?A.ampreparing B.waspreparing C.prepared D.haveprepared【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——王老師，我昨晚在QQ上問了你一個(gè)問題，但是沒有收到回復(fù)?！獙?duì)不起，我當(dāng)時(shí)正在準(zhǔn)備今天的課程。是什么問題？考查過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。根據(jù)“IaskedyouaquestiononQQlastnight”和“I...today’slessonsthen”可知是指過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞；主語為“I”，助動(dòng)詞用was。故選B。10.—Therewasabigfireinthehouselastnight.That’saterribleaccident.—Luckily,thefiremen______thehousetosavethepeopletrappedinside.A.putout B.letoff C.openup D.brokeinto【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——昨晚房子里發(fā)生了一場大火。那是個(gè)可怕的事故。——幸運(yùn)的是，消防隊(duì)員破門而入，救出了被困在里面的人?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語。putout撲滅；letoff使某物爆炸；openup開門；brokeinto強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入。根據(jù)“thefiremen…thehouse”可知消防員強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入房間救人，故選D。11.—Excuseme.______I______attomorrow’smeeting,Mr.Lu?—Ofcourse.Wedon’thaveaplanyet,sowe’reopentoyoursuggestions.A.Do;want B.Will;want C.Am;wanting D.Am;wanted【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——打擾一下。陸先生，明天的會(huì)議要我參加嗎？——當(dāng)然可以。我們還沒有計(jì)劃，所以我們?cè)敢饴犎∧愕慕ㄗh?？疾楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)“…I…attomorrow’smeeting”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，此處詢問是否被需要，應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語態(tài)bedone。故選D。12.—Madam,couldyoutellme______?—IsharemylocationwithyourWeChat,andI’llwaitatthebusstopnearby.A.whenIcanmeetyou B.whencanImeetyouC.whereIcanmeetyou D.wherecanImeetyou【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——夫人，你能告訴我在哪兒見你嗎?——我把我的位置分享給你的微信，我會(huì)在附近的公交站等。考查賓語從句。根據(jù)“couldyoutellme…?”可知空缺處為賓語從句，用陳述語序；根據(jù)“andI’llwaitatthebusstopnearby.”可知是對(duì)位置的提問故用用where作狀語。故選C。13.Readthelyrics(歌詞)ofaBroadwaymusicalcalledCarouselontheright.Itsthemeisabout______.WhenyouwalkthroughastormHoldyourchinuphighAnddon’tbeafraidofthedarkAttheendofastormisagoldenskyAndthesweetsilversongofalarkA.beautyofnature B.difficultiesinlife C.weatherofaday D.hopesforthefuture【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：閱讀右邊百老匯音樂劇《旋轉(zhuǎn)木馬》的歌詞。它的主題是“對(duì)未來的希望”。當(dāng)你走過暴風(fēng)雨/抬高你的下巴/不要害怕黑暗暴風(fēng)雨/過后是金色的天空/還有云雀甜美的歌聲?？疾槌ＷR(shí)。歌詞內(nèi)容大意為風(fēng)雨后有更美的風(fēng)景，即對(duì)未來的希望，故選D。14.—Hi,Paul.IsawyouandDavidinthelibraryyesterdayafternoon.—Really?WeborrowedtwobooksontheWorldWarⅡ.Wehavealotinmon.Whatdoesthesentence“Wehavealotinmon.”mean?AWehavesimilarinterests. B.Wearesimilarincharacter.C.David’sbookissimilartomine. D.Thebooksweborrowedlooksimilar.【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——你好，保羅。昨天下午我看見你和大衛(wèi)在圖書館里?！娴膯?？我借了兩本關(guān)于第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的事。我們有很多共同之處。句子“Wehavealotinmon.”是什么意思？考查句意理解。Wehavesimilarinterests.我們有共同愛好；Wearesimilarincharacter.我們性格相似；David’sbookissimilartomine.大衛(wèi)的書跟我的相似；Thebooksweborrowedlooksimilar.我們借的書相似。havesthinmon表示“有共同之處”，與A意思相近。故選A。15.—Ihavetriedmybest,butI’vemadelittleprogressinEnglish.—Don’tworry.______.Youshouldgooverwhatyou’velearnedasoftenaspossible.A.It’sapity B.It’sworthit C.Ittakestime D.Itsoundsterrible【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——我已經(jīng)盡了最大的努力，但是我的英語進(jìn)步很小?！?jiǎng)e擔(dān)心。這需要時(shí)間。你應(yīng)該盡可能多地復(fù)習(xí)你學(xué)過的東西?？疾榍榫敖浑H。It’sapity真遺憾；It’sworthit它值得；Ittakestime這需要時(shí)間；Itsoundsterrible聽起來很糟糕。根據(jù)“Youshouldgooverwhatyou’velearnedasoftenaspossible.”可知，這需要時(shí)間慢慢來。故選C。二、完形填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。InthecityofLondonabout150yearsago,manypeoplestartedtogetverysick.Thesicknesstheyhadwascalled“cholera”(霍亂).Thediseasecaused____16____amongLondonersbecausenobodyknewhowtopreventitorcureit.Mostdoctorsthoughtthatpeoplegotcholerafrombreathingin____17____air.Theytoldpatientstoopentheirwindowsandbreatheinfreshairasmuchaspossible.Somedoctorstoldtheirpatientstodrinklotsofwaterortakecertainmedicine.However,theiradvicedidnot____18____.Theydidnotknowwhattodo.JohnSnowwasadoctorandscientistwhohada(n)____19____idea.Hethoughtthatcholeramighthavebeenspreadingthroughthewaterthatpeopleweredrinking.Maybepollutedwaterwasmakingeveryonesick.Atfirst,nobodypaidmuchattentiontoDr.Snow.Theybelievedthatcholerawasspreadthroughtheairandthatwaterwasnotthe____20____.Dr.Snowdevelopedaplantoprovehistheory(理論).HewenttodifferentneighbourhoodsinLondonand____21____theirwater.Healsocountedthenumberofsickpeopleineachneighbourhood.Itwasjustashehadthought!Theneighbourhoodswiththecleanestwaterhadthe____22____sickpeople.Theplaceswiththedirtiestwaterhadthegreatestnumberofsickpeople.Thisprovedhistheorythatcholerawasspreadthroughdirtywater.Theotherdoctorsfinally____23____thatDr.Snowwasright.AlloverLondon,peoplestoppeddrinkingwaterthatmightbepolluted.Almost____24____,peoplestoppedgettingsick.Allittookwascleanwater.ThankstoDr.JohnSnow,wealsoknowhowtostopmanyothersicknessesthatcanbespreadthroughdirtywater.WewouldnotknowabouttherisksofdirtywaterifitwerenotforDr.JohnSnow’shardworkand____25____.Dr.SnowmaynotbeasfamousasBatmanorWonderWoman,butheisahero.16.A.stress B.pain C.fear D.hunger17.A.cold B.warm C.clean D.polluted18.A.work B.matter C.accept D.appear19.A.different B.similar C.strange D.amazing20.A.case B.result C.problem D.disease21.A.heated B.tested C.drank D.cleared22.A.largest B.smallest C.most D.fewest23.A.doubted B.mentioned C.supposed D.realized24.A.atonce B.atleast C.atpresent D.atlast25.A.treatment B.discovery C.technology D.invention【答案】16.C17.D18.A19.A20.C21.B22.D23.D24.A25.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了斯諾醫(yī)生是如何發(fā)現(xiàn)霍亂的傳染途徑并終止霍亂傳播的?！?6題詳解】句意：這種疾病引起了倫敦人的恐慌，因?yàn)闆]有人知道如何預(yù)防或治療它。stress壓力；pain疼痛；fear害怕，恐懼；hunger饑餓。根據(jù)“becausenobodyknewhowtopreventitorcureit.”可知，這引起了倫敦人的恐慌。故選C?！?7題詳解】句意：大多數(shù)醫(yī)生認(rèn)為人們因吸入被污染的空氣而得霍亂。cold寒冷的；warm溫暖的；clean干凈的；polluted被污染的。根據(jù)“peoplegotcholerafrombreathingin…air.”可知，應(yīng)該是吸入了被污染的空氣。故選D?！?8題詳解】句意：然而，他們的建議沒有奏效。work奏效，起作用；matter要緊；accept接受；appear出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“Theydidnotknowwhattodo.”可知，他們的建議沒有奏效。故選A?！?9題詳解】句意：約翰·斯諾是一位醫(yī)生，也是一位科學(xué)家，他有不同的想法。different不同的；similar類似的；strange奇怪的；amazing令人驚奇的。根據(jù)“Hethoughtthatcholeramighthavebeenspreadingthroughthewaterthatpeopleweredrinking.”以及“Mostdoctorsthoughtthatpeoplegotcholerafrombreathingin…air.”可知，斯諾醫(yī)生有不同的觀點(diǎn)。故選A?！?0題詳解】句意：他們認(rèn)為霍亂是通過空氣傳播的，水不是問題所在。case案件；result結(jié)果；problem問題；disease疾病。根據(jù)“Theybelievedthatcholerawasspreadthroughtheair”可知，其他的醫(yī)生認(rèn)為水不是問題所在。故選C?！?1題詳解】句意：他去了倫敦不同的街區(qū)，并檢測了他們的水。heated加熱；tested測試，檢測；drank喝；cleared清理。根據(jù)“HewenttodifferentneighbourhoodsinLondonand…theirwater.”可知，斯諾醫(yī)生應(yīng)該是對(duì)水進(jìn)行了檢測。故選B?！?2題詳解】句意：水最干凈的社區(qū)患病人數(shù)最少。largest最大的；smallest最小的；most最多的；fewest最少的。根據(jù)“Theplaceswiththedirtiestwaterhadthegreatestnumberofsickpeople.”可知，水最干凈的社區(qū)患病人數(shù)最少。故選D?！?3題詳解】句意：其他醫(yī)生終于意識(shí)到斯諾醫(yī)生是對(duì)的。doubted懷疑；mentioned提到；supposed支持；realized意識(shí)到。根據(jù)“Theotherdoctorsfinally…thatDr.Snowwasright.”可知，其他醫(yī)生終于意識(shí)到斯諾醫(yī)生是對(duì)的。故選D?！?4題詳解】句意：幾乎在同一時(shí)間，人們不再生病了。atonce立刻；atleast至少；atpresent現(xiàn)在；atlast最終。根據(jù)“AlloverLondon,peoplestoppeddrinkingwaterthatmightbepolluted.”可知，人們不再喝受污染的水后，立刻就不生病了。故選A。【25題詳解】句意：如果不是約翰·斯諾醫(yī)生的辛勤工作和發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們就不會(huì)知道污水的危害。treatment治療；discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)；technology技術(shù)；invention發(fā)明。根據(jù)“Thisprovedhistheorythatcholerawasspreadthroughdirtywater.”可知，這是斯諾醫(yī)生的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B。三、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列材料，從材料后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。A26.Accordingtothetext,mechanicalclockseintousein______.A.8,800B.C. B.3,500B.C C.1,500B.C. D.A.D.1,28027.Thefirstwaterclocksaremadeby______.A.theMaya B.EuropeansC.ChineseandSumerians D.EgyptiansandSumerians28.Calendarshelpearlypeopletoknow______.A.howtheweatherchanges B.whatthemoonislikeC.whenthecropsareplanted D.wheretheshadowpoints【答案】26.D27.D28.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了記錄時(shí)間方法的變遷。【26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Aroundthistime,Europeansbulidthefirstmechanicalclock”可知機(jī)械時(shí)鐘誕生于公元1280年。故選D。【27題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“PeopleinEgyptandSumerdevelopsomeofthefirstwaterclocks.”可知埃及人和蘇美爾人發(fā)明了最早的水鐘。故選D?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Calendarstellfarmerswhentoplantcropsandwhentheiranimalswillhavebabies”可知日歷告訴農(nóng)民什么時(shí)候種植莊稼。故選C。BCanyouimagineaseaofsandthreetimesbiggerthanIndia?ThisistheSaharaDesert,thelargestdesertintheworld.Itcovers11countriesinNorthAfricaandisover9millionsquarekilometres.That’smorethan25%ofAfrica.IntheSahara,temperaturesareverydifferentduringthedayandatnight.Itismuchhotterduringtheday.Thehottesttimeisbetween2p.m.and4p.m.,whentemperaturesriseto38℃.Butitisverycoldatnight—thecoldesttimeisat4a.m.,whentemperaturesfallto4℃.TheSaharaisalsoverydry.Itseldomrains.Becauseofthetemperaturesinthedesert,itisaverydifficultplacetosurvive.HerearesometipsonhowtostayaliveintheSaharaDesert.Duringtheday,coveryourbody,headandface.Clothesprotectyoufromthesunandkeepwaterinyourbody.Youwillalsoneedawarmblanketatnight.Itcangetcoldveryquickly.Whenthetemperat