閱讀理解之判斷正誤（講義）-2024年中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)（解析版）

A第04講閱讀理解之判斷正誤（講義）

目錄

復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)掌握目標(biāo)及備考方向

二考情分析中考閱讀理解說明文考情分析

1.細節(jié)理解題

閱讀判斷的考2.推理判斷題

三

向3.主旨大意題

4.提升必考題型歸納

四真題感悟中考閱讀判斷經(jīng)典考題精選

【復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】

1.熟練語篇類型和語篇結(jié)構(gòu)

2.明確命題規(guī)律和提問方式

3.掌握不同題型的解題方法

【考情分析】

閱讀判斷命題規(guī)律

正誤判斷題主要考察學(xué)生閱讀分析、理解、應(yīng)用和判斷的能力，要求根據(jù)文章內(nèi)

容對所給句子即題干，做出正誤判斷。此類題型往往依托短文內(nèi)容進行發(fā)揮，或者給

出意思相近或相反的幾個句子要求辨別、判斷，或者變換詞語、句子結(jié)構(gòu)來考查同一

意思的不同表達。

設(shè)題：以細節(jié)理解題為主，主旨大意題和推理判斷題為輔。

【名師解難】

做這種閱讀理解題道先通讀全文，把握大意。然后閱讀所給題干，再讀原文，在文中找出對應(yīng)的詞句。

在對句子進行判斷時，建議使用對照法，即將原文中與題干意思相近的句子或段落找出來，與題干一一對

照，詳細區(qū)分，切不可片面理解，更不可想當(dāng)然。對于簡單明了的文章，要注意其首尾句，以及表明文章

主旨的中心句、關(guān)鍵語等。對讀了一遍意思還不夠明了的文章，我們除了要了解全文，弄清人物、地點、

時間、原因等要點外，還要仔細推敲復(fù)雜的句子，弄清句子及全文的意思。

▲閱讀判斷答題技巧

.夯基-必密基礎(chǔ)知識植理

判斷正誤型題目往往是從文中提取出一個句子，通過對其細節(jié)的修改或說法的改變或同義的轉(zhuǎn)換而讓

做題者判斷該說法是否符合文意。本題型共分為三大類，即細節(jié)理解型、推理判斷型、主旨大意型。

類型特點答題技巧

細節(jié)理解型題干與原文在細節(jié)或語句方面根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞找到文中的原句，對比題干的細節(jié)與

都是截然相同或相反。?？技毠?jié)原文是否一致。只有完全符合文章意思的句子方可判

有時間、地點、人物、所發(fā)生的定為正確。那些基本意思相符，仍有某一點不符的應(yīng)

事件以及起修飾作用的詞等。判定為錯誤。

推理判斷型題干與原文不完全一致，需要通定要從文章的具體段落和句子中找到依據(jù)，并進行認

過分析原文和題干，間接推斷題真比較分析，不能憑印象想當(dāng)然，胡亂猜測。

干與原文是否一致。

主旨大意型該類型往往考查對全文的把握，閱讀文章時應(yīng)主要捕捉內(nèi)容要點，掌握主旨和作者意

斷章取義、以偏概全是常犯的錯圖，不要過分推敲語言點，否則難以作出正確的判斷。

誤。

答題步驟：

答題第一步：瀏覽題干，標(biāo)注定位詞。

答題第二步：通讀全文，了解大意，標(biāo)注與題干相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞。

答題第三步：跳讀關(guān)鍵詞所在的句子，將題干與原文進行對比、歸納，確定答案。

答題第四步：無法直接從定位句找到答案的題目，需綜合全文進行推斷，得出答案。

答題第五步：復(fù)讀全文，檢查答案。

答題第六步：核對答案，反思錯題。

.提升-必考題型歸納

（一）

（2023?云南昆明?昆明八中?？寄M預(yù)測）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正誤（正確的填“T"，錯誤的填“『），并將所選答案涂到答題卡的相應(yīng)位置上。

EarthDayisonApril22ndeveryyear.EarthDayisadaytoremembertotakecareofourplanet,Earth.We

cantakecareofourplanetbykeepingitclean.

WecankeepEarthcleanbyfollowingtheruleof“reduce,reuse,recycle”.Reducemeansuseless.Wecan

reduceouruseofthingslikewaterorgasoline.Reusemeansuseagain,ratherthanthrowthingsaway.Wecanreuse

manythings,suchasplasticbagsandboxes.Recyclemeanstomakesomethingnewfromsomethingold.Wecan

keepEarthcleanbyrecyclingmaterialssuchaspaper,woodandplastic.Ifwetakethesematerialstoarecycling

center,theycanbeusedagaininadifferentway.

OnEarthDay,weremindourselvesandeveryoneonEarththatwemustdothesethings.Wemustdothese

thingseveryday,notjustonEarthDay.Wemustalldoourpart,andwecanmakeadifference.OnApril22nd,

remindeveryoneyouknowthateverydayisEarthDay!

1.April22ndisadaytoremembertotakecareofourplanet.

2.InordertokeepEarthclean,there?sarulewemustfollow.

3.Reusemeanstomakesomethingnewfromsomethingold.

4.Wecanrecyclesomematerialsandusetheminadifferentway.

5.WeneedtodoeverythingwecantokeepEarthcleanonlyonEarthDay.

【答案】1.T2.F3.F4.T5.F

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了地球日。

1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"EarthDayisonApril22ndeveryyear.EarthDayisadaytoremembertotakecareofour

planet,Earth.”可知，4月22日是一個需要記住照顧我們星球的日子。故選T。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"WecankeepEarthcleanbyfbllowingtheruleof'reduce,reuse,recycle’.“可知，我們可以

通過遵循“減少、再利用、再循環(huán)”的規(guī)則來保持地球清潔。不止一個規(guī)則。故選F。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Reusemeansuseagain,ratherthanthrowthingsaway.”可知，重復(fù)使用意味著再次使用，

而不是用舊的東西制作新的東西。故選F。

4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ifwetakethesematerialstoarecyclingcenter,theycanbeusedagaininadifferentway.”

可知，我們可以回收一些材料，并以不同的方式使用它們。故選T。

5.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Wemustdothesethingseveryday,notjustonEarthDay."可知，我們每天都應(yīng)該做保護

環(huán)境的事情，而不是只在地球日去做。故選F。

（二）

（2023?黑龍江綏化?模擬預(yù)測）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷對錯，對的選?！?，錯的選“F”。

Thebeaver（河貍）ismainlyfoundinNorthAmerica.Itisaboutthreeandahalffeetlong,includingthetail,

whichisafootinlength.

Beaversbuildthemselvesthemostlovelyhuts（小屋）tolivein,andquiteoftenagreatnumberofthesehuts

areplacedclosetogether,likethebuildingsinatown.Theyalwaysbuildtheirhutsonthebanks（岸）ofriversor

lakes,astheyswimmuchmoreeasilythantheywalk,andprefermovingaboutinthewater.

Whentheybuildonthebankofarunningstream,theymakeadam（堤壩）acrossthestreamforthepurposeof

keepingthewaterattheheighttheywish.Thesedamsareusuallymadeofmud,stonesandthebranchesoftrees.

Theyaresometimessixorsevenhundredfeetinlengthandarebuiltsowellthattheylookmoreliketheworkof

manthanoflittleanimals.

Theirhutsaremadeofthesamematerialasthedamsandareroundinshape.Theystartbuildingtheirhouses

lateinthesummerbutdonotgetthemfinishedbeforetheearlyfrost（霜凍）.Thecoldweathermakesthemtighter

andstronger.

Thefur（毛皮）ofthebeaverishighlyprized.Ahunter（獵人）oncesawfiveyoungbeaversplaying.Theywere

jumpingonthebranchesofatreethatlaynearabeaverdamandpushingoneanotheroffintothewater.Hemoved

forwardveryslowlyandwasabouttoshootatthelittleanimals.Buttheirfunnytricksremindedhimsomuchofhis

littlechildrenathomethathethoughtitwouldbecrueltokillthem.Sothegentlemanleftthemquietly.

6.NorthAmericaishometothebeaver.

7.Beaversusuallybuildtheirhutsinthewater.

8.Beaversdon'tgettheirhutsfinisheduntiltheearlyfrostappearsbecausetheyareafraidofhotweather.

9.Fromthepassage,wecantellbeaversaregoodatbuildinghuts.

10.Thehunterdidn'tkillthefiveyoungbeaversbecausehethoughtitwascrueltokilltheselovelyones.

【答案】6.T7.F8.F9.T10.T

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了河貍的相關(guān)信息。

6.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thebeaver（河貍）ismainlyfbundinNorthAmerica.”可知，河貍主要分布在北美。故

答案為T。

7.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theyalwaysbuildtheirhutsonthebanks（岸）ofriversorlakes”可知，河貍總是把小屋

建在河邊或湖邊，不是在水里。故答案為F。

8.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Theystartbuildingtheirhouseslateinthesummerbutdonotgetthemfinishedbeforethe

earlyfrost（霜凍）.Thecoldweathermakesthemtighterandstronger.“可知，河貍在夏末開始建造房子，但在

早霜之前不會完工。寒冷的天氣使它們變得更緊實更強壯，不是因為害怕熱天氣。故答案為F。

9.推理判斷題o根據(jù)“Beaversbuildthemselvesthemostlovelyhuts（小屋）tolivein,andquiteoftenagreat

numberofthesehutsareplacedclosetogether,likethebuildingsinatown."及“Theirhutsaremadeofthesame

materialasthedamsandareroundinshape.”可知，河貍很擅長蓋小屋。故答案為T。

10.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Buttheirfunnytricksremindedhimsomuchofhislittlechildrenathomethathethoughtit

wouldbecrueltokillthem.Sothegentlemanleftthemquietly.”可知，獵人沒有殺死這五只小河貍，因為他認為

殺死這些可愛的河貍是殘忍的。故答案為T。

（三）

（2023?吉林松原?統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）

Strawberrieslooknice,butalightpressurecanmakethemoutofshape.Nowadaystherearemanyyoung

peoplewhoarejustlikestrawberries.Theyeasilybreakdownwhentheyfacedifficulties.Theydon'tknowwhatto

dowhentheyareintrouble.Theyhaveacommonname-strawberrykids.

Whyaremanystudentssoeasytobreakdown?Parentsandschoolsareamainreason.Parentsdoalmost

everythingforthemintheirdailylife,whileschoolscaremoreabouttheirgradesinsteadofdevelopingtheir

personality（個性）.LiuYue,13,isfromFujian.Hismomhardlycriticizes（批評）himandhealwaysfeelsgood

abouthimself.Whenateachercriticizedhimstrictly,hefeltsurprisedandsad.Hebegantodoubthisability.

Studentsshoulddosomethingtomakethemselvesmentallystrong.Anexpertsaid,t4Whenyouareintrouble,

don,taskforhelptooquickly.YoushouldtrytodealwithproblemsfirstbyyourselfIalsoadviseyoutotakean

activepartinsportsandsocialactivities.Thatcanmakeyoumentallystrong.

Growingupisnotjustahappyprocess（過程）.Painsalsogoalongwithit.Themostimportantthingistoface

thepainsbravelyandlearnfromthem.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下列各句正（T）誤（F）o

11.Somestudentsarecalled"strawberrykids“becausetheyallliketoeatstrawberries.

12.LiuYue'smotheroftencriticizeshim.

13.Parentsdoalmosteverythingfortheirchildrenintheirdailylife.

14.Accordingtothetext,studentsshouldaskforhelpquicklywhentheyareintrouble.

15.Thewriteradvisesstudentstobebraveinthefaceofpains.

【答案】ILF12.F13.T14.F15.T

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了現(xiàn)在社會上有許多年輕人稱為“草莓孩子”，他們遇到困難就會崩潰，文中講述對于

這些孩子們應(yīng)該如何解決困難。

11.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Theyeasilybreakdownwhentheyfacedifficulties.Theydon'tknowwhattodowhenthey

areintrouble.Theyhaveacommonname一strawberrykids.”可知，一些學(xué)生稱為"草莓孩子”因為他們面對困難

的時候很容易崩潰。故答案為F。

12.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“LiuYue,13,isfromFujian.Hismomhardlycriticizes（批評）himandhealwaysfeelsgood

abouthimself.”可知，劉悅的母親很少批評他。故答案為F。

13.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Parentsdoalmosteverythingforthemintheirdailylifb,“可知，父母在孩子們的日常生

活中幾乎為他們做了一切。故答案為T。

14.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Whenyouareintrouble,don'taskforhelptooquickly."可知，當(dāng)你遇到麻煩時，不要

太快尋求幫助。故答案為F。

15.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Growingupisnotjustahappyprocess（過程）.Painsalsogoalongwithit.Themost

importantthingistofacethepainsbravelyandlearnfromthem.”可知，作者建議學(xué)生勇敢地面對痛苦。故答案

為T。

（四）

（2023?吉林長春?長春市解放大路學(xué)校?？寄M預(yù)測）

Lotsofkidswouldliketochangetheirhair.Often,girlscareaboutitmost,butboysmaybeinterestedinhow

theirhairlooks,too.Whenyougothroughpuberty（青春期），sometimeshairwillchangeallbyitself.

Maybeitusedtobelighterandnowifsdarker.Ormaybeifsmuchoilier（更油膩的）usedtobe,andnowyou

needtowashitmore.Whenyou'regettingolder,youwillpaymoreattentiontoyourlooks.Youmightsuddenly

decideyouwantahairstyleasotherkidsatschoolhave.

Butsomestylesandlooksrequirechemicaltreatmentorheatandlonghoursatthehairsalon（理發(fā)店）.Some

peopledye（給...染色）theirhairadifferentcolor,ormaketheirhairstraight.ArethesetreatmentsOKforkids?

Atanyage,anychemicaltreatmentofyourhaircandoharmtoit.Ifyoupullyourhairtoohard,itcanharmthe

skinunderitandmaybemakeyourhairfallout.Soyoumaygetcarefulwithyourhair.

Ifsfuntryingnewlooksandstyles.Ybucanalsoshowyourselfthroughyourstyle.However,feeling

wonderfulandbeautifulstartsfromtheinside.Therefore,showyourbeautyinsidenomatterwhatstyleyouwear.

Everyonewillnoticethatyou'rebeautifulandyourhairlooksgreat,too.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷句子正（T）、誤（F）。

16.Boyscaremoreabouttheirhairstylesthangirls.

17.Thehairmaygetdarkerwhenyougothroughpuberty.

18.Thechemicaltreatmentisharmfultoyourhair.

19.Yourhairwillneverfalloutifyoupullitstraight.

20.Thewriterthinksthetruebeautyisfromtheinside.

【答案】16.F17.T18.T19.F20.T

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了孩子頭發(fā)的顏色及發(fā)型變化的一些具體的原因分析以及燙發(fā)染發(fā)的傷害。

16.細節(jié)理角星題。根據(jù)第——段“Lotsofkidswouldliketochangetheirhair.Often,girlscareaboutitmost,butboys

maybeinterestedinhowtheirhairlooks,too.”可知男孩比女孩更在乎自己的發(fā)型。故填F。

17.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第——段“Whenyougothroughpuberty（青春期）,sometimeshairwillchangeallbyitself.^^

以及第二段“Maybeitusedtobelighterandnowifsdarker.”可知當(dāng)你進入青春期時，頭發(fā)可能會變深色。故填

To

18.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Atanyage,anychemicaltreatmentofyourhaircandoharmtoit.“可知化學(xué)處理

對你的頭發(fā)有害。故填T。

19.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Ifyoupullyourhairtoohard,itcanharmtheskinunderitandmaybemakeyour

hairfallout."可知如果你把頭發(fā)拉直，你的頭發(fā)就永遠不會掉下來。故填F。

20.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"However,feelingwonderfulandbeautifulstartsfromtheinside.”可知作者認為

真正的美來自內(nèi)在。故填T。

（五）

（2023?吉林長春?吉林省實驗?？寄M預(yù)測）

Chinaisacountrywithmanycolorfuldaysandfestivals.TheDragonHeadRaisingDay（Longtaitou）isone

ofthem.ThisspecialdayisontheseconddayofthesecondmonthintheChineselunarcalendar.Itstandsforthe

startofspringandfarming.

ThedragonisimportantforChinesepeople.WeChinesepeoplecallourselvesthe"'descendants（傳人）ofthe

dragon^^.Therefore,peoplecelebratetheDragonHeadRaisingDaywithmanycustoms.Onthedayinancient

times,peopleputash（灰）inthekitchen.Thiswasto“l(fā)eadthedragonintothehouse”.Peoplebelievedthatwiththe

helpofthedragon,theycouldhaveagoodharvest（收成）inautumn.

Also,peopleeatspecialfoodsonthatday.Thefoodsareusuallynamedafterdragons.Forexample,peopleeat

“dragonwhisker（須）“noodlesanddumplingscalled“dragonteeth”.

Today,manycustomshavedisappeared.Butonethathasremainedisthecuttingofhair.Itissaidthatahaircut

duringthefirstlunarmonthmaybringbadlucktotheunclesofthefamily-mainlymother'sbrothers.Somany

peoplehavetheirhaircutontheDragonHeadRaisingDay.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷句子正（T）、誤（F）。

21.TheLongtaitouisonthethirddayofthesecondmonthintheChineselunarcalendar.

22.WeChinesecallourselvesthe"'descendantsofthedragon”.

23.PeopleputashinthekitchenontheDragonHeadRaisingDayinancienttimes.

24.Nowadays,manypeopledon'thavetheirhaircutontheDragonHeadRaisingDay.

25.ThepassagemainlytellsushowtocelebratetheDragonBoatFestivalinChina.

【答案】21.F22.T23.T24.F25.F

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了二月二龍?zhí)ь^日。

21.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"ThisspecialdayisontheseconddayofthesecondmonthintheChineselunarcalendar"

可知龍?zhí)ь^日是在中國農(nóng)歷的二月初二。故答案為F。

22.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WeChinesepeoplecallourselvesthe'descendants（傳人）ofthedragon5”可知我們中國

人稱自己為“龍的傳人”。故答案為T。

23.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Onthedayinancienttimes,peopleputash（灰）inthekitchen.”可知在古時候，人們把

灰放在廚房里。故答案為T。

24.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"SomanypeoplehavetheirhaircutontheDragonHeadRaisingDay.”可知很多人在龍?zhí)?/p>

頭這天都要理發(fā)。故答案為F。

25.主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了二月二龍?zhí)ь^日。故答案為F。

（六）

（2023.黑龍江哈爾濱.哈爾濱市第四十七中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測）

Onasunnyafternoon,IwaswalkingalongabusyroadwhenInoticedayoungmanstandingnearthecrossing

sellingtoys.Usually,Iwouldhurrypastsuchsellers.ButIfoundthisyoungmanwasblind,soIstoodforsome

timewithoutcrossingthestreet.Iwantedtoseehowhesoldhisthings.

Soon,ayoungmotherwithalittlegirlcamebyandthechildsethereyesononeoftheteddybears.The

motheraskedthepriceanditwasonlyonedollar.Shetook10dollarsoutofherhandbagandtoldtheyoungman

thatshewasgivinghim10dollarsandwantedthechangeback.Iwaswonderinghowhewasgoingtodoit.He

toldtheyoungmothertoputthemoneyinthebaghangingaroundhisneckandtakeoutherchange.

Irealizedthatthisyoungmanbelievedpeoplenottocheathim.Therewasnowayforhimtoknowifsomeone

wouldtakeoutmorethantheyshouldhave.Iwassotouched.IboughtamodelcarfromhimthatIdidnotneed.As

Iwalkeddownthestreet,Igavethemodelcartoaboywalkingwithhisfather.

Ikeptthinkingthattheworldwouldbeabetterplaceifwecouldalllearntotrustothersmore,liketheyoung

blindstreetseller.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷正、誤。（注意：考生將答題卡相應(yīng)的位置涂黑。正確的涂“A”，錯誤的涂“B”）

26.Thewriterwaswalkingalongabusyroadwhenhenoticedayoungmanstandingnearthecrossingsellingtoys

onasunnymorning.

27.Theyoungmanthoughtthatpeoplewerebelievablesohemadepeopleputmoneyandtaketheirchangeoutof

thebagbythemselves.

28.Theyoungmotherwithherlittlegirlpaid10yuanfortheteddybear.

29.Thewritergavethemodelcartoagirlwalkingwithherfatheratlast.

30.Fromthepassage,wecanknowthattheworldwillbeabetterplaceifwecanalllearntotrustothersmore.

【答案】26.B27.A28.B29.B30.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了作者看到路口一位失明的年輕人，在路口賣玩具，讓顧客自己付錢找零錢，作者

被這位失明的年輕人對人們的信任所感動，由此想到如果我們都像這位年輕的盲人一樣更多地相信他人，

這個世界將會變得更美好。

26.細節(jié)理角軍題。根據(jù)"Onasunnyafternoon,IwaswalkingalongabusyroadwhenInoticedayoungman

standingnearthecrossingsellingtoys.”可知，作者是在一個陽光明媚的下午看見一個年輕人在路口賣玩具，

而不是上午。故答案為B。

27.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Hetoldtheyoungmothertoputthemoneyinthebaghangingaroundhisneckandtakeout

herchange.”可知，這位年輕人相信人們，所以讓他們自己把錢放進掛在他脖子上的包里，并且自己拿需要

找給他們的零錢。故答案為A。

28.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Shetook10dollarsoutofherhandbagandtoldtheyoungmanthatshewasgivinghim10

dollarsandwantedthechangeback.”可知，這位年輕的母親付了十美元，但是還需要找她零錢，所以并不是付

十美元買這個泰迪熊。故答案為B。

29.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"AsIwalkeddownthestreet,Igavethemodelcartoaboywalkingwithhisfather.“可知，

作者把這個汽車模型給了一個男孩，而不是女孩。故答案為B。

30.主旨大意題。根據(jù)"Ikeptthinkingthattheworldwouldbeabetterplaceifwecouldalllearntotrustothers

more,liketheyoungblindstreetseller.“可知，從這篇文章中我們可以學(xué)到，如果我們都像這位年輕的盲人一

樣更多地相信他人，這個世界將會變得更美好。故答案為A。

（七）

（2023?四川成都?四川省成都市七中育才學(xué)校?？寄M預(yù)測）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷句子正誤。正確的涂“A”，錯誤的涂“B”。

Hotsummeriscoming.Ifstimetoenjoydeliciousice-cream.However,someice-creambarsarenowcalled

“assassins（刺客）“fortheirsurprisinglyhighprices.Butwhentheywerefirstinvented,theywereallaboutmaking

peoplehappy.

Inthe1920s,HarryBurtranacandystoreintheUSA.Oneday,hedevelopedasmoothchocolatecoating（涂

層）.Burtfirstcutsomeice-creamintocuboids（長方體）.Hethencoveredtheice-creamwiththenewchocolate

coating.

WhenBurtlethischildrentrythisnewdessert,hisdaughtersaidtheice-creambarwastoo“messy“toeat.

ThenBurfssonsuggestedaddingawoodensticktothedessert.

Burtnamedit"GoodHumorbar".Itsoonbecamepopular.Later,hesentsometruckstoselltheseice-cream

bars.Peoplewouldknowitwastimeforsomeice-creamwhentheyheardthetrucks'bells.Today,youcanstillsee

GoodHumortrucksinAmerica!

31.Ice-creambarsbecametooexpensiveforpeopletoenjoy.

32.Ithasbeenabout100yearssinceGoodHumorbarwasinvented.

33.HarryBurfsdaughterdislikedthenewdessertbecauseitwouldbemessy.

34.HarryBurt'snewdessertgotpopularbecausepeoplecouldeasilygetitonthetrucks.

35.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthatsomeinventionscanmakepeople'slifemorecolorful.

【答案】31.B32.A33.A34.B35.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了冰淇凌棒的發(fā)明歷史。

31.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"However,someice-creambarsarenowcalled'assassins（刺客）'fortheirsurprisinglyhigh

prices.”可知，“冰淇凌太貴，人們無法想用”這句話是錯誤的，故答案為B。

32.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Inthe1920s,HarryBurtranacandystoreintheUSA.Oneday,hedevelopedasmooth

chocolatecoating（涂層）.Burtfirstcutsomeice-creamintocuboids（長方體）.Hethencoveredtheice-creamwith

thenewchocolatecoating”可知，在20世紀20年代HarryBurt發(fā)明了一種光滑的巧克力涂層，由此可推斷，

發(fā)明至今已有100多年的歷史，故答案為A。

33.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"WhenBurtlethischildrentrythisnewdessert,hisdaughtersaidtheice-creambarwastoo

'messy9toeat.”可知，女兒說冰淇淋棒太“臟”了，不能吃，故答案為A。

34.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Itsoonbecamepopular.Later,hesentsometruckstoselltheseice-creambars.People

wouldknowitwastimeforsomeice-creamwhentheyheardthetrucks5bells.”可知，新甜點很受歡迎并不是因為

人們很容易把它放到卡車上，故答案為B。

35.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Today,youcanstillseeGoodHumortrucksinAmerica!”及全文可知，現(xiàn)在仍然可以在

美國看到它們，因為類似這樣的發(fā)明可以使人們的生活更加豐富多彩，才會一直受歡迎，故答案為A。

（八）

（2023?四川成都?成都七中校考三模）

閱讀下面對話，根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容判斷句子的正誤。正確的寫“A”，錯誤的寫“B”。

Imagine:whenyouareabouttopickaflower,suddenly,itstartstoscream!Althoughthiswillneverreally

happen,anewstudyshowsthatplantscanmakesoundswhentheyarestressed.

SomeresearchersinIsraeldidthestudy.Theyusedultrasonicmicrophones（超聲波麥克風(fēng)）torecordthe

soundsoftomatoplantsinboxes.

Threegroupsofplantswerelistenedto:Onegroupwasn'twateredforfivedays,anothergrouphadthestems

cutoff,andthethirdgroupwasuntouched.Itturnedoutthatthefirsttwogroupsmadesoundsonceperhour.

“Whentomatoplantsarenotstressedatall,theyareveryquiet,“oneoftheresearcherssaid.

Theresearchersdidn'tknowhowthesoundsweremade,buttheybelievedthenoisescamefromthebreaking

ofairbubbles（氣泡）intheplants.Thismeansthenoiseswereproducedbytheplantsthemselvesnaturally.

Also,theresearcherslistenedtootherplantslikecomandfoundtheyalsomademoresoundswhenfeeling

stressed.Researcherssaidthestudywouldbegoodforthefarmersinthefuture,astheycouldbettertakecareof

thecrops（莊稼）by^thearing^^theplants5feelings.

36.Wecaneasilyhearplantsshoutwheytheyarestressed.

37.Theplantsthatweren'twateredforfivedaysproducedmoresoundsthantheplantsthanthathadtheirstemscut

off.

38.AccordingtoParagraph3,weknowthattheplantslikequietenvironments.

39.Theunderlinedsentencemeansthatplantsdidn'tmakethenoisesonpurpose.

40.Thestudyismeaningfulanditcanhelpfarmersplantcropsbetter.

【答案】36.B37.B38.B39.A40.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一項新的研究成果，即植物在受到壓力時會發(fā)出聲音。

36.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“whenyouareabouttopickaflower,suddenly,itstartstoscream!Althoughthiswillnever

reallyhappen,anewstudyshowsthatplantscanmakesoundswhentheyarestressed.“可知，植物在受至！I壓力時會

發(fā)出聲音，但是人們并不能很容易就聽到這種聲音，表述錯誤。故填B。

37.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Itturnedoutthatthefirsttwogroupsmadesoundsonceperhour.”可知，五天不澆水的

植物和被切斷莖的植物發(fā)聲頻率相同，表述錯誤。故填B。

38.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Whentomatoplantsarenotstressedatall,theyareveryquiet”可知，植物沒有壓力的時

候，它們非常安靜，不會發(fā)出聲音，并不能得出“植物喜歡安靜的環(huán)境”的結(jié)論，表述錯誤。故填B。

39.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Thismeansthenoiseswereproducedbytheplantsthemselvesnaturally.”可知，這些噪音

是植物自身自然產(chǎn)生的，并不是植物故意發(fā)出聲音的。故填A(yù)。

40.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Researcherssaidthestudywouldbegoodforthefarmersinthefuture,astheycouldbetter

takecareofthecrops（莊稼）by,hearing'theplants5feelings.”可知，這項研究是有意義的，它可以幫助農(nóng)民更

好地種植作物。故填A(yù)。

（九）

（2023.新疆烏魯木齊.烏市一中?？寄M預(yù)測）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下面各小題的正（T）誤（F）。

Insomecities,studentshavelunchatschool.Doyouhavelunchatschool?Whatdoyouhave?Lefslookat

students9lunchboxesallovertheworld.

Spain-Spanishlunchusuallyhaveafewdishes.Thechildrenmayhaverice,souporvegetablesasthefirst

dishandthensomemeatastheseconddish.Theyoftenendupwiththeirlunchwithfruitoryogurt.

Singapore——StudentsinSingaporedon'tgotoatraditionaldininghall.Theyvisitcookingshops.Studentscan

choosebothtraditionalfoodandwesternfood.

France-HealthymealsaretherulesinmanyFrenchschools.AFrenchschoollunchmayhavechickenwith

greenbeansandcheese.

Finland-TheFinnishschoollunchesareatleast50%vegetablesand25%proteins（蛋白質(zhì)）.OnThursdays,

Finnishschoolsservethetraditionalsoupwithpancakes.

Japan-TheJapaneseschoolluncheshaverice,meat,freshfruitandvegetables.Riceandfisharethebasis

formanyofthemeals.

41.Spanishstudentsoftenfinishluncheswithfruitandyogurt.

42.StudentsinSingaporehavelunchincookingshops.

43.FinnishschoolsservebothtraditionalfoodandwesternfoodonThursdays.

44.Frenchstudentsoftenhaveunhealthyfoodforlunch.

45.RiceandfisharethebasisforlotsofJapanesestudents?lunches.

【答案】41.T42.T43.F44.F45.T

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了世界各地學(xué)生午餐的情況。

41.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theyoftenendupwiththeirlunchwithfruitoryogurt”可知，西班牙學(xué)生通常以水果或

酸奶結(jié)束午餐，故答案為T。

42.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“StudentsinSingaporedon'tgotoatraditionaldininghall.Theyvisitcookingshops”可知,

新加坡的學(xué)生在烹飪店吃午餐，故答案為T。

43.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"OnThursdays,Finnishschoolsservethetraditionalsoupwithpancakes.”可知,每周四,

芬蘭學(xué)校會提供傳統(tǒng)的煎餅湯，而不是傳統(tǒng)的食物和西方食物，故答案為F。

44.細節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)"HealthymealsaretherulesinmanyFrenchschools.AFrenchschoollunchmayhave

chickenwithgreenbeansandcheese”可知，法國學(xué)生午飯吃健康的食物，而不是午餐吃不健康的食品，故答

案為F。

45.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Riceandfisharethebasisformanyofthemeals”可知，米飯和魚是許多日本學(xué)生午餐

的基礎(chǔ)。故答案為T。

（十）

（2023?湖南湘西?統(tǒng)考三模）

閱讀判斷讀短文，判斷句子是否符合短文內(nèi)容。符合的選T,不符合的選F。

ThemostpopularwaytowelcomethenewyearintheUnitedStatesistohaveabigparty.Somepartiesareat

people'shomes.Butinrecentyears,ithasbecomemoreandmorecommonforAmericanstogotoahoteloraclub

orarestaurantonthenightofDecemberthe31st.There,theycanhavedinner,drinkanddance.

MostNewYear'spartieshavesomethingincommon.Firstofall,theyareusuallynoisy.Peoplesingand

bandsplay.Andoften,guestspullacrackerwhentheclockstrikestwelveatmidnight.Peoplethinkthatloud

soundswoulddriveawaytheevil（邪惡的）spiritsoftheoldyearbeforethenewyearbegins.

ThebiggestandnoisiestNewYearpartyintheUnitedStatestakesplaceatTimesSquareinNewYorkCity.

Thousandsofpeoplegatherthere.Someofthemringbellsorletoffcrackers.Othersblowwhistlesorcarhorns.

Andat12o'clock,theybegintocheer.Anelectricsignintheshapeofaredapplelightsupontopofatallbuilding.

46.ThearticleisaboutNewYear'scelebrationsintheUSA.

47.Inrecentyears,Americanshavepartiesathomesonthenigh