BFT閱讀（綜合）模擬試卷1（共228題）

BFT閱讀（綜合）模擬試卷1（共9套）（共228題）BFT閱讀（綜合）模擬試卷第1套一、第一部分(本題共24題，每題1.0分，共24分。)Facialexpressionscarrymeaning,determinedbycontextsandrelationships.【R1】______Awoman'ssmileatapolicemanwhoisabouttogiveheraticketdoesnotcarrythesamemeaningasthesmileshegivestoayoungchild.Asmilemayshowaffection,conveypoliteness,ordisguisetruefeelings.Painisconveyedbyagrimace,whichalsosignifiesdisgustordisapproval.Surprise,shock,ordisbeliefcanbeshownbyraisingtheeyebrows.Awinkgiventoafriendmaymean"youandIhaveasecret"or"Iamjustkidding".【R2】______Ourfaceseasilyrevealemotionsandattitudes.【R3】______Thefactthatmembersofoneculturedonotexpresstheiremotionsasopenlyasmembersofanotherdoesnotmeantheydonotexperienceemotions.Rather,thereareculturalrestraintsontheamountofnonverbalexpressivenesspermitted.Givenindividualdifferences,itisdifficulttomakegeneralizationsaboutaculturalstyleofcommunication.【R4】______PeoplefromcertainethnicbackgroundsintheUnitedStatesmayusetheirhands,bodies,andfacesmorethanotherAmericans.Therearenofixedrules,althoughitisconsiderednegativeorsuspicioustohavea"deadpan"expressionora"Pokerface".【R5】______Eyecontactisimportantbecauseinsufficientorexcessiveeyecontactmaycreatecommunicationbarriers.Itisimportantinrelationshipsbecauseitservestoshowintimacy,attention,andinfluence.【R6】______Itis,however,commonfortwostrangerstowalktowardeachother,makeeyecontact,smileandperhapsevensay"Hi".【R7】______Thistypeofglancedoesnotmeanmuch;itissimplyawayofacknowledginganotherperson'spresence.Inaconversationtoolittleeyecontactmaybeseennegativelybecauseitconveyslackofinterest,inattention,orevenmistrust.【R8】______A.Americansexpressthemselvesfaciallyinvaryingdegrees.B.Betweenamanandawoman,awinkcanbeflirtatious.C.Thedegreeoffacialexpressivenessalsovariesamongindividualsandcultures.D.Somepeoplecanbe"readlikeabook";othersaredifficulttoread.E.Forinstance,thesmile,whichistypicallyanexpressionofpleasure,hasmanyfunctions.F.Aswithfacialexpressions,therearenospecificrulesgoverningeyebehaviorexceptthatitisconsideredrudetostare,especiallyatstrangers.G.Therelationshipbetweenmistrustandlackofeyecontactisstateddirectlyintheexpression,"Nevertrustapersonwhocan'tlookyouintheeye."H.Thestrangersmayimmediatelylookawayandforgetthattheyevenhadanycontact.1、【R1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本文論述了微笑、眼神等體態(tài)語(yǔ)。第1段的第1句話(huà)是全文的主旨句。即：面部表情所傳達(dá)的含義取決于所處的環(huán)境和關(guān)系。那么后文需要舉例論證這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)E：“例如，微笑這一典型的表示愉快的表情有很多不同的作用。”與空格前后句相呼應(yīng)。2、【R2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格前一句提到對(duì)朋友眨眼睛可能是說(shuō)“這是你和我之間的秘密”或“開(kāi)個(gè)玩笑”，選項(xiàng)B也是與wink(眨眼)有關(guān)的，說(shuō)明了wink在不同場(chǎng)景時(shí)的不同含義，符合本段主旨，是正確選項(xiàng)。3、【R3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：瀏覽第2段，此段講述了面部表情的表達(dá)與個(gè)人和文化之間的關(guān)系。那么，選項(xiàng)C正好可以作為本段的主旨句。4、【R4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第2段的前半部分說(shuō)明了不同文化背景的人面部表情的表達(dá)程度不同。后半部分以美國(guó)人為例說(shuō)明了個(gè)體表達(dá)之間的差別。選項(xiàng)A：“美國(guó)人在不同程度上用面部傳遞信息?！闭梅项}意。5、【R5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第2段的結(jié)尾句應(yīng)結(jié)合前文觀點(diǎn)，即：不同的人面部表情程度不一樣。由此可知應(yīng)該選D：“有的人就像一本能讀懂的書(shū)，有的人很難讀懂?！?、【R6】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第3段論述了適度的眼神交流的重要性?？崭竦南卵棉D(zhuǎn)折詞however說(shuō)明了陌生人也會(huì)進(jìn)行眼神交流。那么空格處應(yīng)該是交代眼神交流的適用規(guī)則。選項(xiàng)F：“對(duì)于面部表情來(lái)說(shuō)，除了認(rèn)為盯著別人(特別是陌生人)看很不禮貌以外，沒(méi)有就眼部的表現(xiàn)做出具體的規(guī)定。”7、【R7】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格上句提及strangers之間的眼神交流，那么空格處應(yīng)該是陌生人之間另外一種表現(xiàn)。選H符合題意，即：“陌生人可能很快轉(zhuǎn)移視線(xiàn)，忘記他們?cè)?jīng)有過(guò)任何接觸?！?、【R8】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格的上句提及過(guò)短的眼神交流對(duì)交談的負(fù)面影響：會(huì)表示對(duì)談話(huà)缺乏興趣、猜疑等。那么選項(xiàng)G用一個(gè)俗語(yǔ)很形象地論證了這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)：“永遠(yuǎn)也不要相信不敢看著你的眼睛的人。"Theinfluenceofclimateonbehaviorappearsall-pervasive.Indeed,whocanclaimthatweatherfactorshavenoinfluenceontheirdecision-making?【R1】______People'smoodsalsochangewiththeweather:brightsunnydaysseemtoliftspirits,whiledarkrainyperiodsbringondepression.Lawenforcementagenciesarebeginningtoshowinterestintheeffectofatmosphericconditionsonbehavior.【R2】______Bothmonthlyandseasonalvariationsareconsideredtoreflectthevaryinginfluenceoftemperature,precipitation,humidity,lengthofdaylight,andanumberofotherclimatologicalfactors.Variousstudiesfindrelationshipsbetweenspecificclimatologicalconditionsandcrime.Risingtemperatureisgenerallyaccompaniedbyincreasesinaggressionandviolentcrime.【R3】______Rain,cloudcover,andotherformsofinclementweatherareassociatedwithlowerlevelsofpropertycrimesandincreaseddepression.【R4】______Theanalysisalsoshowsthatashumidityincreasesthelevelofcrimedecreases.Temperaturealsohasagreateffect.Increasingtemperaturefailstoinfluencethenumberofnighttimeburglaries/larcenies,butitdoesincreasetheothercrimecategories.Burglaries/larcenies(dayandnight)anddaytimeassaultsalsotendtoincreasealongwithcloudcover.【R5】______Individualswhorespondwithcriminalbehaviortoweatherchangesorweatherextremesmaybecontrollablebyadministeringdrugsthatoffsettheseinfluences.【R6】______Changingormanipulatingtheweatherisonepossiblemeansofattackingaweathercrimeinteraction.【R7】______Minorchangesmaybepossiblesuchasregulationofrainfallofskycover.Ontheotherhand,temperaturecontrolmaybepossible.【R8】______Oncethisisaccomplished,itwillbenecessarytodevisemoreaccuratemeansofforecastingtheweather,counteractingtheeffectsofweatheronhumanbehavior,andcontrollingtheenvironment,oridentifyingotherapproachestotheproblem.A.Everyyear,theFBI'sUniformCrimeReportsprovidebreakdownsofthecrimeratesbymonthandseasonoftheyear.B.Everyonecanpointtoinstanceswhereplansandactivitieshavebeenchangedbecauseofweatherconditions.C.Ontheotherhand,highhumidityappearstoreducetheincidenceofphysicalactivityandaggression.DThisapproachmaynotbefeasibleduetomanyrelationshipsbetweenweather/climateandrotationoftheearth.E.Moreresearchisneededtoassessandclarifytherelationshipbetweencrimeandthevariousclimatologicalfactors.F.Ourstudyshowedthatlowhumidityhasthemostwidespreadinfluenceonalltypesofcrimestudied.GElectricalstimulationofpleasurecentersinthebrainmaysomedaybeafeasiblecounter-measuretoaggressivestimuliduetoincreasedtemperatureorotherweathervariables.H.Exceptforwindspeedandbarometricpressurewithregardtodaytimeassaults,theremainingweatherfactorshavevirtuallynoinfluenceonthelevelsofcrime.9、【R1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本文第1段舉例說(shuō)明了天氣與人類(lèi)行為之間的聯(lián)系?？崭裉幍暮缶湔f(shuō)明了天氣對(duì)人們情緒的影響，由also推斷，空格處也應(yīng)該是天氣對(duì)某一行為因素的影響。B說(shuō)明了天氣和人們活動(dòng)的關(guān)系，符合題意。10、【R2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格的上句提到司法機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)天氣條件對(duì)行為的影響感興趣。那么后句應(yīng)該舉例說(shuō)明才能銜接。空格處選A：“聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局的《同類(lèi)罪行報(bào)告》每年都提供每月、每季度的犯罪率分析。”符合題意。11、【R3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第3段說(shuō)明了各種研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，特定的氣候條件與犯罪之間有聯(lián)系?？崭竦那昂缶渚茄芯拷Y(jié)果，那么空格處應(yīng)該選C?！皁ntheotherhand”引出另一個(gè)例子。12、【R4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格后句分析表明：隨著濕度的增加，犯罪率下降。由后句中的“also”推出，上句也是說(shuō)明濕度和犯罪率的關(guān)系。F正確。13、【R5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第4段主要論述了濕度、溫度等氣候條件對(duì)犯罪率的影響，最后一句即窄格處應(yīng)該選H作為總結(jié)：其他沒(méi)有提及的氣候因素也會(huì)對(duì)人的行為產(chǎn)生影響。14、【R6】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第5段談到了人們?cè)趯で罂刂茖?duì)氣候變化的反應(yīng)的可行的辦法。選項(xiàng)G：“用電刺激大腦的興奮中樞神經(jīng)也可能某天成為一種可行的措施來(lái)對(duì)付高溫或其他氣候變化帶來(lái)的進(jìn)攻性刺激?！狈项}意。15、【R7】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：上句提到“改變或控制天氣是一種解決天氣與犯罪之間相互作用的可能手段”，后句提到“有可能對(duì)天氣進(jìn)行小幅度的改變”，由此可以推斷，改變天氣很難做到，選項(xiàng)D與題意相呼應(yīng)，是合適的選項(xiàng)。16、【R8】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：選出此選項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵是找出空格的下旬“this”的指代對(duì)象。經(jīng)過(guò)大意分析，E是“this”合適的指代對(duì)象：還有待于對(duì)犯罪和氣候?qū)W等因素作進(jìn)一步的研究。ItiscommonforAmericanstohavedifferent"circlesoffriends"suchaschurchfriends,workfriends,orsportsfriends.【R1】______One'sfriendsfromtheofficemaynevermeetone'sfriendsfromthesportsclub.Termssuchas"officemate"and"tennispartner"indicatethesegregationoffriends.【R2】______Peoplehavedifferenttypesoffriends:onemayhavemanygoodfriendsandonebestfriend."Bestfriends"areusuallytwopeopleofthesamesexwhohaveknowneachotherforalongperiodoftime.【R3】______Itiseasytobemisledbyinstantfriendshipswhichmayappeartobedeepandpersonalbutarereallysuperficial.【R4】______FriendlinesscharacterizesmuchofAmericandailyinteractionbutisnotalwaysanindicationofpursuingarelationship.Characterizinginstantfriendshipsistheappearanceoftwopeoplebecomingclosebut,inreality,thereisnostrongbondbetweenthem.【R5】______Manypeoplefrequentlysmileorsay,"haveaniceday"or"seeyoulater",orevenextendaninvitationaspartofaculturalpatternsofpoliteness.Suchexpressionsdonotalwayssuggestanofferofcontinuedfriendship.【R6】______ItispossiblethatsomeAmericans,becauseoftheirlinguisticandgeographicisolation,arehesitantaboutinteractionwithforeigners.However,itisimportanttoknowthatAmericansarereceptivetodevelopingfriendshipswithinternationalvisitors.【R7】______Oneforeignstudent,afterhavinglivedintheUnitedStatesforseveralyears,saidthatthemostimportantadvicehecouldgivetonewcomerswouldbe,"Don'tbepassivewhenitcomestomakingfriendswithAmericans.Beginconversations,extendinvitationsandmakethefirstmove."AcharacteristicofAmericanpersonalrelationsistheabsenceoffixedrulesgoverningthem.【R8】______Evenwithinaperson'sownculture,recognizingwhenarelationshiphasthepotentialtodevelopintoafriendshipisnotalwayseasy.Whenoneislivinginaforeigncountry,oneisfacedwithunfamiliarfriendshippatternswhichaddtothechallengeofinitiatingandmaintainingmeaningfulrelationships.A.Friendshipandfriendlinessarenotsynonymous.B.Briefencountersdonotalwaysimplydesireforfurthercontact.C.Therefore,avarietyoffriendshipsarepossibleintheUnitedStates.D.Peopleusuallyhavemorecasualfriendsthancloseorbestfriends.E.Apersonmaychoosenottoinvolvemembersofdifferentcirclesinthesameactivity.F.Theofficemateisafriendintheofficeandthetennispartnerisafriendonthecourts.GWithforeignvisitors,Americansmaynotalwaysbethefirstonestobeginfriendships.H.Ingeneral,itisadvisabletoapproachAmericansfirstinordertoinitiatefriendships.17、【R1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本文介紹了存在于美國(guó)社會(huì)的形形色色的友誼。首句提到美國(guó)人不同的朋友圈子，第3句說(shuō)明“他的辦公室朋友可能從未與體育俱樂(lè)部的朋友謀過(guò)面”，中間缺少一個(gè)過(guò)渡，選項(xiàng)E：“一個(gè)人可能不會(huì)讓不同圈子里的朋友參加同一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)?！背猩蠁⑾?，符合邏輯。18、【R2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格的上句提到兩個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)“officemate”和“tennispartner”，那么空格處就應(yīng)該是對(duì)這兩個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)的解釋。選項(xiàng)F正好符合題意。19、【R3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格的上句把美國(guó)人的朋友分為好朋友和普通朋友兩種。所以空格處可以是對(duì)此作進(jìn)一步的介紹，選項(xiàng)D：“人們所擁有的普通朋友通常比親密的朋友或最好的朋友多。”符合題意。20、【R4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第2段區(qū)分了美國(guó)文化中友誼和友好的區(qū)別?？崭竦暮缶浞謩e定義了友誼和友好，那么空格處應(yīng)該選A：“友誼和友好不是同義詞?！?1、【R5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：從本段的最后一句話(huà)可以得出結(jié)論，陌生人見(jiàn)面打招呼也可能是出于禮節(jié)，而不總是希望繼續(xù)發(fā)展友誼。所以空格處選B：“短暫的相遇并不總是意味著進(jìn)一步的交往”，符合題意。22、【R6】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第3段講述了美國(guó)人和外國(guó)朋友打交道的習(xí)俗?？崭竦暮缶渲赋觯骸坝行┟绹?guó)人受到語(yǔ)言和地理上的限制，不愿與外國(guó)人交往。”所以空格處選G：“對(duì)于外國(guó)來(lái)訪者，美國(guó)人并不總是首先與其建立友誼。”符合題意。23、【R7】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格的后句引述了一個(gè)在美國(guó)生活了幾年的留學(xué)生與美國(guó)人交朋友的經(jīng)驗(yàn)之談，空格處選H與之相符合，即：“總的來(lái)說(shuō)，最好是先主動(dòng)與美國(guó)人接近，以便建立友誼?！?4、【R8】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：上句提到美國(guó)的人際關(guān)系沒(méi)有固定的規(guī)章制度，那么選項(xiàng)C與之相呼應(yīng)，作為本文的總結(jié)：“因此，在美國(guó)有著形形色色的友誼?！盉FT閱讀（綜合）模擬試卷第2套一、第一部分(本題共24題，每題1.0分，共24分。)Peopletravelinglongdistancesfrequentlyhavetodecidewhethertheywouldprefertogobyland,sea,orair.Hardlyanyonecanpositivelyenjoysittinginatrainformorethanafewhours.【R1】______Itisalmostimpossibletotakeyourmindoffthejourney.Readingisonlyapartialsolution,forthemonotonousrhythmofthewheelsclickingontherailssoonlullsyoutosleep.Duringtheday,sleepcomesinsnatches.Atnight,whenyouwishtogotosleepyourarelymanagetodoso.Ifyouareluckyenoughtogetacouchette,youspendhalfthenightstaringatthesmallbluelightintheceiling,orfumblingtofindyourpassportwhenyoucrossafrontier.【R2】______Longcarjourneysareevenlesspleasant,foritisquiteimpossibleeventoread.Onmotorwaysyoucan,atleast,travelfairlysafelyathighspeeds,butmoreoftenthannot,thegreaterpartofthejourneyisspentonnarrow,bumpyroadswhicharecrowdedwithtraffic.【R3】______Youcanstretchyourlegsonthespaciousdecks,playgames,swim,meetinterestingpeopleandenjoygoodfood—alwaysassuming,ofcourse,thattheseaiscalm.Ifitisnot,andyouarelikelytogetseasick,noformoftransportcouldbeworse.Evenifyoutravelinidealweather,seajourneystakealongtime.【R4】______Aeroplaneshavethereputationofbeingdangerousandevenhardenedtravelersareintimidatedbythem.Theyalsohavethegravedisadvantageofbeingthemostexpensiveformoftransport.【R5】______Travelingataheightof30,000feet,farabovetheclouds,andatover500milesanhourisanexhilaratingexperience.Youdonothavetodevisewaysoftalkingyourmindoffthejourney,foranaeroplanegetsyoutoyourdestinationrapidly.【R6】______Therealescapistcanwatchafreefilmshowandsipchampagneonsomeservices.Butevenwhensuchrefinementsarenotavailable,thereisplentytokeepyouoccupied.Anaeroplaneoffersyouanunusualandbreathtakingviewoftheworld.【R7】______Youreallyseetheshapeoftheland.Ifthelandscapeishiddenfromtheview,youcanenjoytheextraordinarysightofunbrokencloudplainsthatstretchoutformilesbeforeyou,whilethesunshinesbrilliantlyinaclearsky.Thejourneyissosmooththatthereisnothingtopreventyoufromreadingorsleeping.【R8】______Youwillnothavetospendthenextfewdaysrecoveringfromalongandarduousjourney.A.Yousoareffortlesslyoverhighmountainsanddeepvalleys.B.Butnothingcanmatchthemforspeedandcomfort.C.Traincompartmentssoongetcrampedandstuffy.D.Inevitablyyouarriveatyourdestinationalmostexhausted.E.Bycomparison,tripsbyseaofferagreatvarietyofcivilizedcomforts.F.Forafewhours,yousettlebackinadeeparmchairtoenjoytheflight.GRelativelyfewpeoplearepreparedtosacrificeuptoathirdoftheirholidaysforthepleasureoftravelingonaship.H.Howeveryoudecidetospendyourtime,onethingiscertain:youwillarriveatyourdestinationfreshanduncrumpled.1、【R1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本文對(duì)比說(shuō)明了乘車(chē)、乘船和乘飛機(jī)3種旅行方式的特點(diǎn)。第1段首先介紹了乘火車(chē)旅行的劣勢(shì)?？崭裉幍那耙痪涮岬匠嘶疖?chē)幾個(gè)小時(shí)會(huì)感到很不舒服，那么后句應(yīng)該更具體地說(shuō)明。C項(xiàng)：“火車(chē)車(chē)廂很快變得擁擠、悶熱。”是合適的選項(xiàng)。2、【R2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本空格處應(yīng)該是一個(gè)總結(jié)句，來(lái)說(shuō)明火車(chē)旅行的特點(diǎn)。D：“你到達(dá)目的地時(shí)肯定是不可避免地感到筋疲力盡了。”符合題意。3、【R3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由空格處的下旬“…thattheseaiscalm”可以看出，作者又把話(huà)題轉(zhuǎn)向了乘船旅行。所以此空格處應(yīng)該是一個(gè)承上啟下的過(guò)渡句，選E：“與乘車(chē)旅行的弊端相比，乘船旅行則可以提供各種各樣的文明享受。”4、【R4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：前文提到乘船旅行很浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，所以空格處應(yīng)該選G：“沒(méi)有多少人愿意為了享受乘船旅行的樂(lè)趣而犧牲1／3的假期”，再次說(shuō)明了乘船旅行的費(fèi)時(shí)。5、【R5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章第2段重點(diǎn)講述了乘飛機(jī)旅行的利與弊。前兩句說(shuō)明了乘飛機(jī)的危險(xiǎn)和昂貴。第4句提到“Travelingataheightof30,000feet，…isanexhilaratingexperience．”說(shuō)明了飛機(jī)的速度之快，也很舒適。所以空格處選B：“但是在舒適和速度方面，沒(méi)有其他交通工具可與之相比?！?、【R6】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由前文推出，此空格處也應(yīng)該分述飛機(jī)的舒適，正確選項(xiàng)是F：“你可以坐在高背扶手椅上享受幾個(gè)小時(shí)的飛行樂(lè)趣。”7、【R7】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第2段的后半部分講述了飛機(jī)旅行的視野開(kāi)闊。此空格處正確選項(xiàng)是A：“你在高山深谷之上翱翔?！?、【R8】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此段后兩句話(huà)總結(jié)了飛機(jī)旅行的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，后一句話(huà)提到不必花費(fèi)幾天的時(shí)間從艱苦的旅行中恢復(fù)精神和體力，那么空格處選H：“不管你如何度過(guò)飛機(jī)上的時(shí)光，有一點(diǎn)是肯定的：你將精神飽滿(mǎn)、毫無(wú)倦意地到達(dá)目的地?！盜ntheUnitedStates,itisimportanttobepunctualforanappointment,aclass,ameeting,etc.Thismaynotbetrueinallcountries,however.【R1】______Thetwo-hourclasswasduetobeginat10:00am,andendat12:00am.Onthefirstday,whentheprofessorarrivedontime,noonewasintheclassroom.Manystudentscameafter10:00am.Severalarrivedafter10:30am.Anothertwostudentscameafter11:00am.【R2】______Werethesestudentsbeingrude?Hedecidedtostudythestudents'behavior.TheprofessortalkedtotheAmericanandBrazilianstudentsaboutlatenessinbothaninformalandformalsituation:lunchwithafriend,andauniversityclass,respectively.【R3】______Iftheyhadalunchappointmentwithafriend,theaverageAmericanstudentdefinedlatenessas19minutesaftertheagreedtime.【R4】______InanAmericanuniversity,studentsareexpectedtoarriveattheappointedhour.【R5】______ClassesnotonlybeginatthescheduledtimeintheUnitedStates,buttheyalsoendatthescheduledtime.IntheBrazilianclass,onlyafewstudentslefttheclassatnoon,manyremainedpast12:30todiscusstheclassandaskmorequestions.WhilearrivinglatemaynotbeveryimportantinBrazil,neitherisstayinglate.【R6】______PeoplefromBrazilianandNorthAmericancultureshavedifferentfeelingsaboutlateness.InBrazil,thestudentsbelievethatapersonwhousuallyarriveslateisprobablymoresuccessfulthanapersonwhoisalwaysontime.【R7】______Consequently,ifaBrazilianislateforanappointmentwithaNorthAmerican,theAmericanmaymisinterpretthereasonforthelatenessandbecomeangry.Asaresultofhisstudy,theprofessorlearnedthattheBrazilianstudentswerenotbeingdisrespectfultohim.【R8】______Eventually,theprofessorwasabletoadapthisownbehaviortofeelcomfortableinthenewculture.A.Theexplanationforthesedifferencesiscomplicated.B.Hegavethemanexampleandaskedthemhowtheywouldreact.C.AnAmericanprofessordiscoveredthisdifferencewhileteachingaclassinaBrazilianuniversity.D.Althoughallthestudentsgreetedtheprofessorastheyarrived,fewapologizedfortheirlateness.E.IncontrastinBrazil,neithertheteachernorthestudentsalwaysarriveattheappointedhour.F.Ontheotherhand,theaverageBrazilianstudentfeltthefriendwaslateafter33minutes.GInstead,theyweresimplybehavingtheappropriatewayforaBrazilianstudentinBrazil.H.InfactBraziliansexpectapersonwithstatusofprestigetoarrivelate,whileintheUnitedStates,latenessisusuallyconsideredtobedisrespectfulandunacceptable.9、【R1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本文講述了美國(guó)和巴西兩個(gè)國(guó)家在守時(shí)方面的文化差異。首先作者指出守時(shí)在美國(guó)是很重要的規(guī)則，但是并非所有國(guó)家都是如此。那么空格處應(yīng)該選C作為一個(gè)例子來(lái)說(shuō)明這個(gè)現(xiàn)象，“一個(gè)美國(guó)教授到巴西教課發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些不同之處。”此句與下文中的巴西學(xué)生的上課情況也是相呼應(yīng)的。所以C是貼切的選項(xiàng)。10、【R2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格的上句提到學(xué)生們的遲到現(xiàn)象，下句選D符合題意，說(shuō)明了學(xué)生們對(duì)此的反應(yīng)，上下句銜接。11、【R3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第2段講述了教授分別對(duì)美國(guó)和巴西學(xué)生在正式和非正式場(chǎng)合的時(shí)間觀念作的一項(xiàng)研究。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。12、【R4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由于教授對(duì)美國(guó)和巴西學(xué)生分別做試驗(yàn)，上文中已經(jīng)提到美國(guó)學(xué)生的態(tài)度，所以下文應(yīng)該提到巴西學(xué)生的態(tài)度以呼應(yīng)。選項(xiàng)F是正確的選項(xiàng)。13、【R5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：上文提到美國(guó)學(xué)生上課一般按照約定的時(shí)間到達(dá)，那么空格處就應(yīng)該對(duì)比說(shuō)明巴西學(xué)生的情況。選項(xiàng)E以“incontrast”為連接詞，對(duì)比了巴西學(xué)生的情況，符合題意。14、【R6】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章的最后一段解釋了美國(guó)和巴西時(shí)間觀念差別的原因。本段的首句應(yīng)該選A：“造成這些差別的原因很復(fù)雜?！?5、【R7】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格的前句提及美國(guó)和巴西對(duì)待遲到問(wèn)題有文化差異。那么空格處應(yīng)該分別說(shuō)明二者的區(qū)別。選項(xiàng)H正好符合要求。16、【R8】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章的結(jié)尾處說(shuō)明了教授經(jīng)過(guò)一番調(diào)查后，對(duì)于學(xué)生上課遲到的認(rèn)識(shí)：并非是他們不尊敬老師，“而是他們的行為是巴西學(xué)生所固有的”，選項(xiàng)G符合題意。Whatdowethinkofwhenweheartheword"business"?Someofusthinkofourjogs,othersofthemerchantstheydealwithasconsumers,andstillothersofthemillionsoffirmsthatmakeuptheworld'seconomy.【R1】______Businessprovidesthebulkofouremploymentaswellastheproductsweenjoy.Businessconsistsofallprofit-seekingactivitiesandenterprisesthatprovidegoodsandservicesnecessarytoaneconomicsystem.【R2】______Othersprovideservices,suchasinsurance,carrentals,andlodging.GermanfirmMunichRehasevenbuiltabilliondollarbusinessfromservingtheserviceindustry.【R3】______Businessistheeconomicpulseofanation,themeansthroughwhichsociety'sstandardoflivingimproves.Profitsareaprimarymechanismforaccomplishingthesegoals.Accountantsandbusinesspeopledefineprofitsasthedifferencebetweenacompany'srevenues(receipts)andexpenses(expenditures).【R4】______Justasimportantasprofitsarethesocialandethicalresponsibilitiesthatsuccessfulbusinessesmustmeet.【R5】______RobberD.Haas,chairmanandchiefexecutiveofficerofLeviStrauss&Company,says,"Acompany'svalues—whatitstandsfor,whatitspeoplebelievein—arecrucialtoitscompetitivesuccess.Indeed,valuesdrivethebusiness."HaasfeelssostronglyaboutthesocialresponsibilitiesofbusinessthathedraftedanAspirationsStatementforLeviStraussthatemphasizestheimportanceofaffirmingthebestofourcompany'straditions,closinggapsthatmayexistbetweenprinciplesandpractices,andupdatingsomeofourvaluestoreflectcontemporarycircumstances.【R6】______MostUSbusinesses,largeandsmall,belongtowhatiscalledtheprivateenterprisesystem,inwhichsuccessorfailureisdeterminedbyhowwelltheymatchandcountertheofferingsofcompetitors.【R7】______Salesandprofitsaretheyardsticksbywhichsuchacceptanceismeasured.Therehavebeenmanyfirmsthatwereoncesuccessfulbutfailedtocontinuesatisfyingconsumerdemands.【R8】______A.Competitionisthebattleamongbusinessesforconsumeracceptance.B.Thisbroad,all-inclusivetermcanbeappliedtomanykindsofenterprise.C.Somebusinessesproducetangiblegoodssuchasautomobiles,breakfastcereals,andcomputerchips.D.WewilldiscusssocialresponsibilityandbusinessethicsmorefullyinChapter4.E.Competitionassuresthat,overthelongrun,companiesthatsatisfyconsumerdemandswillbesuccessfulandthosethatdonotwillbereplaced.F.Itsbusinessisreinsurance:insuringinsurancecompaniessotheydonotgobrokefrombackingmajorcatastrophes.GProfitsarethefinancialrewardsreceivedbysuccessfulbusinesspeoplewhotaketherisksinvolvedinbusiness.H.Thismeanscompaniesmustberesponsibleintheirdealingswithemployees,consumers,suppliers,competitors,government,andthegeneralpubliciftheyaretosucceedinthelongrun.17、【R1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第1段闡述了人們對(duì)聽(tīng)到“商業(yè)”這個(gè)詞時(shí)各種各樣的反應(yīng)，有人想到了工作，有人想到了商人，還有的人想到了公司。那么空格處選B最合適，其中“Thisbroad，all-inclusiveterm…(這個(gè)范圍廣泛、包羅萬(wàn)象的詞……)”正好與前文相照應(yīng)。18、【R2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第2段作者介紹了“商業(yè)”的含義。第1句指出：“商業(yè)包括一切尋求利潤(rùn)的活動(dòng)和企業(yè)，這些活動(dòng)和企業(yè)提供經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)必需的商品和服務(wù)?！毕挛膭t分別闡述了“goods”和“services”。由空格處的下句的引導(dǎo)詞“others”可以推出，空格處應(yīng)該是由“some”引導(dǎo)的對(duì)有形物品的說(shuō)明，所以C是正確選項(xiàng)。19、【R3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格的前句舉了一個(gè)提供無(wú)形服務(wù)的公司的例子：德國(guó)的MunichRe公司。那么空格處則可以具體說(shuō)明它的服務(wù)內(nèi)容。選項(xiàng)F符合題意，“itsbusiness”指代此公司的業(yè)務(wù)，上下文銜接。20、【R4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：前文提到了利潤(rùn)是公司的收入和支出之間的差異。選項(xiàng)G：“利潤(rùn)是成功的商人得到的商業(yè)回報(bào)，這些商人承擔(dān)了商業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。”與上文呼應(yīng)，是正確選項(xiàng)。21、【R5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：前文指出，成功的商人除了追求利潤(rùn)之外，還要承擔(dān)社會(huì)和道德責(zé)任。選項(xiàng)H：“這意味著：如果公司想長(zhǎng)期成功，那么它們?cè)趯?duì)待其雇員、顧客、供應(yīng)商、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手、政府以及普通大眾方面就必須負(fù)責(zé)任?！笔菍?duì)商人責(zé)任的進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明，是正確選項(xiàng)。22、【R6】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：因?yàn)榈?段主要論述商人的社會(huì)責(zé)任以及道德，所以空格處選D：“我們將在第4章更全面地探討社會(huì)責(zé)任和商業(yè)道德。”符合題意。23、【R7】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章第4段提到了企業(yè)的成功取決于其能否經(jīng)受住競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，那么此空格處應(yīng)該選A：“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)就是企業(yè)之間爭(zhēng)奪消費(fèi)者認(rèn)可的斗爭(zhēng)?！?4、【R8】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格處的前句提到：“有很多的企業(yè)曾經(jīng)滿(mǎn)足了消費(fèi)者的需求，但是沒(méi)有持久下去?！彼韵挛膽?yīng)該提到長(zhǎng)期滿(mǎn)足消費(fèi)者需求的必要性。由此可見(jiàn)，選項(xiàng)E正確，其中“…overthelongrun…(……從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看來(lái)……)”與上文的“oncesuccessfulbutfailedtocontinue”相對(duì)應(yīng)。BFT閱讀（綜合）模擬試卷第3套一、第一部分(本題共24題，每題1.0分，共24分。)Intheworldofentertainment,TVtalkshowshaveundoubtedlyfloodedeveryinchofspaceondaytimetelevision.【R1】______Butnotwoshowsaremoreprofoundlyoppositeincontent,whileatthesametimestandingoutabovetherest,thantheJerrySpringerandtheOprahWinfreyshow.JerrySpringercouldeasilybeconsideredthekingof"trashtalk".【R2】______Forexample,theshowtakestheever-commontalkshowthemesoflove,sex,cheating,guilt,hate,conflictandmoralitytoadifferentlevel.【R3】______LikeJerrySpringer,OprahWinfreytakesTVtalkshowtoitsextreme,butOprahgoesintheoppositedirection.【R4】______Topicsrangefromteachingyourchildrenresponsibility,managingyourworkweek,togettingtoknowyourneighbors.ComparedwithOprah,theJerrySpringershowlookslikepoisonouswastebeingdumpedonsociety.Jerryendseverwitha"finalword".【R5】______Hopefully,thisisthepartwheremostpeoplewilllearnsomethingveryvaluable.Cleanasitis,theOprahshowisnotforeveryone.【R6】______Mostofthesepeoplehavethetime,money,andstabilitytodealwithlife'stougherproblems.JerrySpringer,ontheotherhand,hasmoreofanassociationwiththeyoungadultsofsociety.【R7】______Theyaretheoneswhoseesomevalueandlessonstobelearnedunderneaththeshow'sexploitation.Whilethetwoshowsareasdifferentasnightandday,bothhaveruledthetalkshowcircuitformanyyearsnow.【R8】______Ironically,bothcouldalsobeconsideredpioneersinthetalkshowworld.A.Hemakesasmallspeechthatsumsuptheentiremoraloftheshow.B.Theshowfocusesontheimprovementofsocietyandanindividual'squalityoflife.C.Theshow'smaintargetaudiencearemiddle-classAmericans.D.Eachonecaterstoadifferentaudiencewhilebothhaveastrongfollowingfromlargegroupsoffans.E.Thetopicsonhisshowareasshockingasshockingcanbe.F.Theseare18to20yearsoldwhosemaintroublesinlifeinvolveloverelationship,sex,moneyandpeers.GAndanyonewhowatchesthemregularlyknowsthateachonevariesinstyleandformat.HClearly,theJerrySpringershowisadisplayandexploitationofsociety'smoralcatastrophe,yetpeoplearewillingtoeatuptheintriguingpredicamentsofotherpeople'slives.1、【R1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章開(kāi)頭一句意為：“在娛樂(lè)界，各種電視脫口秀在白天電視節(jié)目中無(wú)所不在?！本銰中的“them”就是指這些脫口秀節(jié)目，因?yàn)楦鞣N脫口秀節(jié)目太多了，所以經(jīng)?？吹娜司蜁?huì)對(duì)每個(gè)節(jié)目的風(fēng)格及形式有所了解。2、【R2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章的第2段主要是關(guān)于脫口秀主持人JerrySpringer的。第1句提出JerrySpringer很容易被認(rèn)為是垃圾談話(huà)節(jié)目之王，第3句以舉例的形式指出他的談話(huà)節(jié)目從不同的角度討論最常見(jiàn)的話(huà)題，也就是說(shuō)Jerry的節(jié)目與眾不同。句E也說(shuō)明Jerry的節(jié)目超出一般人的預(yù)想。因此選E。3、【R3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：句H道出了Jerry節(jié)目的實(shí)質(zhì)，是總結(jié)性的句子，因此為正確選項(xiàng)。4、【R4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第3段主要是關(guān)于另一個(gè)脫口秀主持人Oprah的，句B介紹Oprah節(jié)目的主要話(huà)題，后句提到一些話(huà)題，與之相對(duì)應(yīng)，因此B正確。5、【R5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本段提到Jerry節(jié)目的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)，即用一個(gè)“finalword”結(jié)尾，句A是對(duì)finalword作的解釋?zhuān)磳?duì)整個(gè)節(jié)目做的總結(jié)。因此A正確。6、【R6】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本段開(kāi)頭提出，Oprah的節(jié)目不是面對(duì)每一位觀眾的，也就是說(shuō)只是面對(duì)一部分觀眾。句C指出了Oprah的目標(biāo)觀眾主要是中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的美國(guó)人，從語(yǔ)義上與第1句緊密連接，因此選C。7、【R7】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本段又提到了Jerry的目標(biāo)觀眾是年輕的成人。句F中的“these”指前句中的“youngadultsofsociety”。因?yàn)?8～20歲的人正是年輕的成人，句F介紹了這一部分人在生活中的主要問(wèn)題。因?yàn)橛辛藛?wèn)題，所以他們想要在節(jié)目中尋找答案，句F又與最后一句密切相關(guān)，因此選F。8、【R8】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本段提出Oprah與Jerry的節(jié)目截然不同，句D是截然不同的根本原因，因?yàn)槟繕?biāo)觀眾不同，節(jié)目?jī)?nèi)容、風(fēng)格肯定也不會(huì)相同，因此D為正確選項(xiàng)。Beautyhasalwaysbeenregardedassomethingpraiseworthy.【R1】______Theyhavebettermarriagesandhavemorerespectableoccupations.Personalconsultantsgivethembetteradviceforfindingjobs.Evenjudgesaresofteronattractivedefendants.【R2】______Whileattractivenessisapositivefactorforamanonhiswayuptheexecutiveladder,itisharmfultoawoman.【R3】______Theireffortandabilitywerethoughttoaccountfortheirsuccess.Attractivefemaleexecutiveswereconsideredtohavelessintegritythanunattractiveones.【R4】______Allunattractivewomenexecutiveswerethoughttohavemoreintegrityandtobemorecapablethantheattractivefemaleexecutives.Interestingly,though,theriseoftheunattractiveovernightsuccesseswasattributedmoretopersonalrelationshipsandlesstoabilitythanwasthatofattractiveovernightsuccesses.【R5】______Anattractivewomanisperceivedtobemorefeminineandanattractivemanmoremasculinethanthelessattractiveones.Thus,anattractivewomanhasadvantageintraditionallyfemalejobs.【R6】______Thisistrueeveninpolitics."Whentheonlyclueishowheorshelooks,peopletreatmenandwomendifferently,"saysAnneBowman,whorecentlypublishedastudyontheeffectsofattractivenessonpoliticalcandidates.【R7】______Sheasked125undergraduatestudentstoranktwogroupsofphotographs,inorderofattractiveness,onegroupofmenandonegroupofwomen.Thestudentsweretoldthephotographswereofcandidatesforpoliticaloffices.Theywereaskedtorankthemagain,intheordertheyvoteforthem.Theresultsshowedthatattractivemalesutterlydefeatedunattractivemen.【R8】______A.Butanattractivewomaninatraditionallymasculinepositionappearstolackthemasculinequalitiesrequired.B.Shedidasurveyamongcollegestudents.C.Almosteveryonethinksattractivepeoplearehappierandhealth