2021屆河北省高三上學(xué)期10月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題解析版

2021～2021學(xué)年河北省高三年級(jí)上學(xué)期10月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)考生注意：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.答復(fù)選擇題時(shí)，選出每題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)答復(fù)非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一局部聽(tīng)力〔共兩節(jié)，總分值30分〕做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)〔共5小題；每題分，總分值分〕聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)答復(fù)有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.It’ssunny.B.It’srainy.C.It’scloudy.2.Whowontherace?A.KyleNash.B.MichaelRobinson.C.ChrisScott.3.Whenwillthemangotothelibrary?A.OnSaturday.B.OnSunday.C.OnMonday.4.Howmanymembersarethereintheman’slabnow?A.Two.B.Five.C.Seven.5.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Motherandson.C.Colleagues.第二節(jié)〔共15小題；每題分，總分值分〕聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，答復(fù)第6、7題。6.Whatisthemanlookingfor?A.Amodernhotel.B.Acomfortablehotel.C.Aninexpensivehotel.7.Wheredoestheconversationmostlikelytakeplace?A.Inrestaurant.B.Inahotel.C.Inastreet.聽(tīng)第7段材料，答復(fù)第8、9題。8.Howdidthewomangettheskirt?A.Sheboughtit.B.Shemadeitbyherself.C.Herparentsgaveittoher.9.Wheredidthewomangetthecloth?A.Insmallclothstore.B.InBaijiaSupermarket.C.InHongtuDepartmentStore.聽(tīng)第8段材料，答復(fù)第10至12題。10.WhydoesTonyhavetogotohisparents’?A.Tohaveavocation.B.Tohelpthembuildhouse.C.Totakethemtotheparty.11.Whatisthewomangoingtoweartotheparty?A.Worksuit.B.Formaldress.C.Casualclothes.12.Whatwillthewomanbring?A.Asidedish.B.Abottleofwine.C.Somesoftdrinks.聽(tīng)第9段材料，答復(fù)第13至16題。13.Whichcityisthemaninnow?A.NewYork.B.Boston.C.LosAngeles.14.Whatcoloristheman’scoat?A.White.B.Darkgrey.C.Black.15.Howmanypocketsarethereintheman’scoat?A.None.B.One.C.Two.16.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Awaitressinahotel.B.workeratLost&.Found.C.Asaleswomaninashop聽(tīng)第10段材料，答復(fù)第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeaker’sfather’sjob?A.Awaiter.B.Achef.C.Arestaurantowner.18.HowmanytimesdidthespeakerattendtheHealthyLunchtimeChallenge?A.Once.B.Twice.C.Threetimes.19.Howoldmaythespeakerbe?A.Eightyearsold.B.Tenyearsold.C.Twelveyearsold.20.WhatdidthespeakerdolastFriday?A.HevisitedtheWhiteHouse.B.Hetookpartinacookingcontest.C.Hegaveaspeechonhealthyeating.第二局部閱讀〔共兩節(jié)，總分值50分〕第一節(jié)〔共15小題；每題分，總分值分〕閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)。AHerearesomelibrariesinShandongprovince.Havealookandvisittheminyoursparetime.ShandongProvincialLibraryShandongProvincialLibrary,wellknownforitslonghistoryandluxuriouscollections,isoneofthetop10librariesinChina.Thelibraryholds6.12millionvolumes.Ithas44servicestations,withanaveragedailyreceptionof5,000visitors.ItalsoexchangesdocumentsandliteratureworkswithJapan,theUnitedStatesandtheUnitedKingdomatirregularintervals.OpeningHours:8:30am-7:00pm,closedeveryMondayafternoon(exceptfornationalholidays)Add:2912,ErhuanEastRoad,Lichengdistrict(attheintersectionofHualongRoad)QingdaoLibraryQingdaoLibraryisaculturallandmarkinQingdao.Itisanintelligentandmodernlibrarywith100staffand1.23millionvolumes.Itconsistsofatotalof32hallsandrooms,aswellasnewly-developedlecturehalls,exhibitioncentersandelectronicreadingrooms,withmorethan1,900seats.Thelibraryremainsopeneveryday.OpeningHours:8:30am-5:30pmAdd:109YanjiRoad,Qingdao,EastChina'sShandongprovinceLijinLibraryLijinLibrarywasfoundedin1956andrebuiltin1993.Ithas56,000books,morethan1,000boundvolumesofnewspaper,5,000boundvolumesofjournals,120thread-bound〔線(xiàn)裝的〕ancientChinesebooksandmorethanoneTBofdigitalbooks.Thelibraryhasthreeservicestations,receivingmorethan92,000visitorseveryyear.OpeningHours:FromMondaytoSunday8:00am-11:00am;2:00pm-5:00pmAdd:568Jin'erRoad,Lijincounty,Dongyingcity,EastChina'sShandongprovince1.WhatisspecialaboutShandongProvincialLibrary?A.ItranksthetenthinChina.B.ItkeepsopenfromMondaytoSunday.C.IthasthelargestbookcollectionsinChina.D.Itexchangesresourceswithsomeforeigncountries.2.HowlongdoesQingdaoLibraryrunperday?A.6hours. B.9hours. C.10hours. D.10hoursandahalf.3.WhatdoweknowaboutLijinLibrary?A.Itopensalldaylong.B.IthasmanyancientChinesebooks.C.Ithas100staffwiththreeservicestations.D.Ithasthemostvolumesofbooksamongthethree.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了山東省三座圖書(shū)館，包括各自的根本歷史、藏書(shū)情況、開(kāi)館時(shí)間及地理位置?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由山東省圖書(shū)館的內(nèi)容，尤其是“ItalsoexchangesdocumentsandliteratureworkswithJapan,theUnitedStatesandtheUnitedKingdomatirregularintervals.〞可知，該圖書(shū)館不定期與日本、美國(guó)和英國(guó)交流文獻(xiàn)和文學(xué)作品。而在另外兩個(gè)圖書(shū)館都沒(méi)有與國(guó)外交流資料，D項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)稱(chēng)山東省圖書(shū)館是中國(guó)排名第十的圖書(shū)館，而原文那么稱(chēng)它“isoneofthetop10librariesinChina〞〔是中國(guó)前十之一的圖書(shū)館〕，并沒(méi)有顯示具體名次，A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；B選項(xiàng)稱(chēng)從周一到周日營(yíng)業(yè)，而原文稱(chēng)它“closedeveryMondayafternoon〞〔周一下午不營(yíng)業(yè)〕，B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；C項(xiàng)稱(chēng)它有中國(guó)最大的館藏，而原文只是說(shuō)它館藏奢侈〔luxurious〕，沒(méi)說(shuō)最大〔largest〕，C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由青島圖書(shū)館的內(nèi)容，“OpeningHours:8:30am-5:30pm〞〔上午8:30至下午5:30開(kāi)門(mén)〕可知，該圖書(shū)館的開(kāi)業(yè)時(shí)長(zhǎng)為9小時(shí)。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由利津縣圖書(shū)館的內(nèi)容，“Ithas56,000books,morethan1,000boundvolumesofnewspaper,5,000boundvolumesofjournals,120thread-bound〔線(xiàn)裝的〕ancientChinesebooks〞〔擁有圖書(shū)56000冊(cè)，報(bào)紙精裝1000多冊(cè)，期刊精裝5000冊(cè)，中國(guó)古籍120冊(cè)〕可知，該館藏有多冊(cè)中國(guó)古籍，B項(xiàng)正確；A項(xiàng)稱(chēng)它全天開(kāi)放，而原文“OpeningHours:FromMondaytoSunday8:00am-11:00am;2:00pm-5:00pm〞〔開(kāi)放時(shí)間:星期一至星期日上午8時(shí)至上午11時(shí);下午2時(shí)至下午5時(shí)〕，并非全天開(kāi)放，A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；C項(xiàng)中稱(chēng)它有三個(gè)效勞站和100名員工，而原文中那么只稱(chēng)“Thelibraryhasthreeservicestations〞〔該圖書(shū)館有三個(gè)效勞站〕，沒(méi)有說(shuō)員工的數(shù)量，因此C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)稱(chēng)它是三個(gè)圖書(shū)館中藏書(shū)最多的，而原文中“Ithas56,000books〞〔它藏有5萬(wàn)6千本書(shū)〕，而山東省圖書(shū)館，“Thelibraryholds6.12millionvolumes〞〔藏書(shū)為613萬(wàn)冊(cè)〕，通過(guò)比擬可知，利津縣圖書(shū)館不是圖書(shū)最多的，D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】說(shuō)明文主要包括事物說(shuō)明文和事理說(shuō)明文，說(shuō)明文一般呈現(xiàn)出條理清晰、邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)奶攸c(diǎn)，說(shuō)明文的語(yǔ)言要求準(zhǔn)確、科學(xué)。了解了這些特點(diǎn)，我們還要知道閱讀理解的題型一般包括：細(xì)節(jié)理解題、語(yǔ)義猜想題、主旨大意題、判斷推理題等。本篇文章涉及比擬多的是細(xì)節(jié)理解提。細(xì)節(jié)類(lèi)問(wèn)題一般都能在原文中找到出處，只要仔細(xì)就可以在文中找到答案。但正確的選擇項(xiàng)不可能與閱讀材料的原文完全相同，而是用不同的語(yǔ)句成句型表達(dá)相同的意思。比方第1題中，原文中是“ItalsoexchangesdocumentsandliteratureworkswithJapan,theUnitedStatesandtheUnitedKingdomatirregularintervals.〞，而給的選項(xiàng)中是“Itexchangesresourceswithsomeforeigncountries.〞，表述不一樣，但是意思一樣，是正確答案。BLastweek,84-year-oldJanetFeinreceivedherbachelor'sdegreefromtheUniversityofTexasatDallas.Feinhashadafulllife.Shehasraisedfivechildrenandthenhadacareerasasecretaryuntilsheretiredatage77.Buteventhen,shewasnotreadytotakeiteasyandrest.Shesaidshedecidedtomajorinsociologybecauseshefeltitwasveryimportant.FeingrewupintheBronxareaofNewYorkCity.Shejustwantedtogetajobinhighschool.Aftergraduatingattheageof16,shewenttoworkasasecretary.Aftergettingmarried,shespent18yearsstayinghomewithherchildren.Sheheldseveraljobsthroughoutherlife,including20yearsasasecretaryatahospital.Shealsoworkedfor20yearsonearninganassociatedegree.ButFeinalsowantedtoearnabachelor'sdegree“withallofmyheart〞.Evenwithallofherlifeexperiences,shestillenjoyedreading,writingpapersandlearningnewthings.Healthexpertssaycontinuingwitheducationlaterinlifeisonewaytokeepfit.CarmelDyer,directoroftheUTHealthConsortiumonAgingatTheUniversityofTexasHealthScienceCenteratHouston,sayskeepingactiveandgivingyourselfsomethingtolookforwardto“isjustareallypositivemove〞。Feinkeptgoingtoclassevenasherhealthconditionsworsened.Duringherstudies,itbecamenecessaryforhertouseawalkertogetaroundandsherequiredoxygen.Shealsodevelopedkneeproblems.Therefore,Feintookonlineclassestofinishthelastpartofherdegreerequirements.HercollegeadvisorSheilaRollersonsaidFeinnevershowedsignsofgivingupevenwithallofherdifficulties.“Shejustkeptpluggingalong,"Rollersonsaid.4.WhatwasJanetFein'slastworkbeforesheretired?A.Ateacher.B.Asecretary.C.Anurse.D.Adoctor.5.WhatdidJanetFeinwanttodomostafterearninganassociatedegree?A.Getabachelor'sdegree.B.Keepfitbyexercises.C.Readallkindsofbooks.D.Findajobatthehospital.6.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3?A.Lifeshouldbefullofadventures.B.Peopleshouldhavetheirownviews.C.Furtherstudybenefitstheold'shealth.D.Healthylifestyleisjusttokeepactive.7.WhatdoyouthinkofJanetFein?A.Honest.B.Determined.C.Generous.D.Kind.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.B【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一位84歲的老人實(shí)現(xiàn)了從大學(xué)畢業(yè)的人生目標(biāo)的故事。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段Feinhashadafulllife.Shehasraisedfivechildrenandthenhadacareerasasecretaryuntilsheretiredatage77.〔Fein過(guò)著充實(shí)的生活。她養(yǎng)育了5個(gè)孩子，在77歲退休前一直從事秘書(shū)工作?！晨芍?，她在退休前是一名秘書(shū)。應(yīng)選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句ButFeinalsowantedtoearnabachelor'sdegree“withallofmyheart〞.(但費(fèi)恩也“全心全意〞地想要獲得學(xué)士學(xué)位。)可知，獲得副學(xué)士學(xué)位后，F(xiàn)ein最想要的是一個(gè)學(xué)士學(xué)位。應(yīng)選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段尤其是第一句Healthexpertssaycontinuingwitheducationlaterinlifeisonewaytokeepfit.(健康專(zhuān)家說(shuō)，晚年繼續(xù)接受教育是保持健康的一種方法。)可知，繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)有益于老年人的健康。應(yīng)選C。7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句HercollegeadvisorSheilaRollersonsaidFeinnevershowedsignsofgivingupevenwithallofherdifficulties.“Shejustkeptpluggingalong,"Rollersonsaid.(她的大學(xué)指導(dǎo)老師希拉·羅勒森說(shuō)費(fèi)恩從來(lái)沒(méi)有表現(xiàn)出放棄的跡象，即使面對(duì)她所有的困難。羅勒森說(shuō):“她只是堅(jiān)持不懈。〞)可知，JanetFein是一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)決的人。應(yīng)選B。CManyoftheworld’slargestbrewers(啤酒商)areusingnewtechnologiestoreplacesingle-use,plasticsix-packbeerringswithmoresustainablematerials.Thoughmostlybeingusedinsmalltesttrials,fulladoptioncouldhaveapositiveenvironmentalimpact.Carlsberg,forexample,isusinggluetoadherecansinaproductionmethodthattheDanishbrewersayswouldavoidusing1,200tonsofplasticyearly,ortheequalof60millionplasticbags,oncefullyadopted.Brewershavezeroedinonplasticsix-pack-ringpackagingpartlybecausemostconsumerscanrecallthemiserableimageofaseagull,turtle,orsomeotheraquatic(水生的)creaturetrappedorkilledbytheplasticrings.Thepackagingissodeep-rootedinourculturethatmanychildrenweretaughttocutuptheringstolessenthechancethatananimalmightchokeitselftodeath.TheringsdevelopedbyE6PR(EdibleSixPackRing)programme,whichisledbyanotherbrewerycalledSaltwater,arenowusedby35brewersacrosstheglobe,includinginAfrica,Europe,andAustralia.Theseringsaremadeofwastewheatinbeerproduction.Thefinalgoalistoensurethattheringscanbeeatenharmlesslybyaquaticcreaturesorbreakdowninnaturewithinamatterofweeksratherthantheyearsitwouldtakeforplastic.Givingupplasticstrawsandbeerringsmayhelpconsumersfeelbetterabouttheircarbonfootprint,butsomeexpertssayweshouldfocusonotherefforts.RecyclingratesintheU.S.standatjustover34%.Glass,inwhichmanybrewersbottletheirbeer,canbedifficulttorecycleandlargetotransport.Ifbrewersweretofocusonusingthinnerglass,someexpertssay,theimprovementcouldproveevenmorebeneficialtotheenvironmentthangivingupplasticrings.There’salsotheriskthatifconsumersthinktheirE6PRringsarelessharmful,they’llbemorelikelytolitter.“Theideaofcreatingsomethingthat’slitter-friendlyisanissueinmymind,〞saysNinaGoodrich,executivedirectorofenvironmentalnonprofitGreenBlue.“WhatweneedinNorthAmericaisabettersystemtoencouragecollectionandsorting.〞8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adhere〞inparagraph1mean?A.Collect. B.Stick. C.Open. D.Reuse.9.Whywerechildrentaughttocutuptheplasticrings?A.Tocollecttheringsforrecycling.B.Tomaketheringsbreakdownmoreeasily.C.Topreventtheringsharmingaquaticanimals.D.Toincreasechildren’sawarenessoflovingnature.10.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinparagraph4?A.LowrecyclingratesintheU.S.B.Benefitsofgivingupplasticbeerrings.C.Difficultyintransportingbeerglassbottles.D.Anotherwaytoprotecttheenvironment.11.What’stheriskoftheE6PRrings?A.Theywillbethrownawaymorecasually.B.Theywillnotbeacceptedbyconsumers.C.Theywillbemoredifficulttorecycle.D.Theywillbestillmadeofplastic.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。世界上許多大的啤酒商正在使用新技術(shù)來(lái)代替一次性塑料啤酒捆綁環(huán)，以減少對(duì)水生生物和環(huán)境的危害。【8題詳解】詞義猜想題。根據(jù)上文“isusingglueto…〞可知，這家丹麥啤酒制造商表示，一旦完全采用這種用膠水粘啤酒罐的生產(chǎn)方法，每年將防止使用1200噸塑料，相當(dāng)于6000萬(wàn)個(gè)塑料袋。adhere的意思是“粘貼〞，與stick是同義詞。應(yīng)選B。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Brewers…Thepackagingissodeep-rootedinourculturethatmanychildrenweretaughttocutuptheringstolessenthechancethatananimalmightchokeitselftodeath.〞可知，釀酒商將注意力集中在六環(huán)塑料包裝上，局部原因是大多數(shù)消費(fèi)者能想起海鷗、海龜或其他水生生物被塑料環(huán)困住或殺死的悲慘形象。這種包裝在我們的文化中是如此根深蒂固，以至于許多孩子被教導(dǎo)要把塑料環(huán)切碎，以減少動(dòng)物窒息而死的時(shí)機(jī)。由此可知，我們的孩子被教導(dǎo)把塑料環(huán)切碎是為了阻止對(duì)水生生物的傷害。應(yīng)選C。10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Ifbrewersweretofocusonusingthinnerglass,someexpertssay,theimprovementcouldproveevenmorebeneficialtotheenvironmentthangivingupplasticrings.〞可知，如果啤酒廠(chǎng)專(zhuān)注于使用更薄的玻璃，這一改良將被證明比放棄塑料環(huán)對(duì)環(huán)境更有益。由此推斷，作者在本段主要介紹了另一種保護(hù)環(huán)境的方法。應(yīng)選D。【11題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“There’salsotheriskthatifconsumersthinktheirE6PRringsarelessharmful,they’llbemorelikelytolitter.〞可知，還有一個(gè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是，如果消費(fèi)者認(rèn)為他們的E6PR塑料環(huán)危害較小，他們就更有可能亂扔垃圾。由此可知，E6PR塑料環(huán)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)在于它們會(huì)被更隨意地丟棄。應(yīng)選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】一般定位關(guān)鍵詞適用于解答細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)定位關(guān)鍵詞解題，考生在閱讀題干時(shí)，把題干中有標(biāo)記意義的詞或詞組標(biāo)記出來(lái)，或者選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞，然后用這個(gè)詞回到原文當(dāng)中定位。如小題4題干中的theriskoftheE6PRrings，回到原文最后一段，可以幫助快速找出答案。DAstronautsontheInternationalSpaceStationwillsoontestanewovenformakingchocolatechipcookies.AspaceshipcarryingthecookingequipmentandothersupplieswaslaunchedonSaturdayfromtheWallopsFlightFacilityintheUnitedStates.Theshipment,weighing3,700kilograms,reachedthespacestationonMonday.Thegoalistoexplorethepossibilityofmakingfreshlybakedcookiesforspacetravelers.AmericancompanyNanoracksdesignedandbuilttheovenandhelpedwithorganizingtheflighttothespacestation.HiltonDoubleTreehotelssuppliedthecookiedough(生面團(tuán)〕theastronautswilluse.Inthepast,spacestationcrewshavecreatedtheirownpizzasusingathin,flatpieceofbreadknownasflatbread.Astronautshavetriedothercreativewaystomakefood,suchascreatingsaladsfromvegetablesgrowninthespacestation.Resultshavebeenmixed.Thecookiebakingwillbeaslowprocess.Theovencanheatjustonecookieatatime.Thetestcouldtakeweeksbeforetheastronautshavechancetotryoutfreshlybakedcookies.Fiveunbakedcookieshavebeeninaspacestationfreezerforseveralweeks.Eachisinitsownindividualclearbagmadeoutofsilicone.Theovencanheatfoodstotemperaturesashighas177degreesCelsius.ThatistwicethetemperatureoftheU.S.andRussianfoodwarmersonthespacestation.Theovenuseselectricheatingelements.MaryMurphyiswithNanoracks.Murphysayssheexpectsabakingtimeof15to20minutesforeachcookiewhentheovenisheatedtoabout163degreesCelsius.Sheaddsthatthesmellofbakingcookiesshouldfillthespacestationeachtimeacookiecomesoutoftheoven.Theoven'sfirstusewillbetherealtest.Withouttheforceofgravity,theastronautsdonotknowexactlyhowthecookiewilllook.Threeofthespace-bakedcookiesaretobereturnedtoEarthfortesting.12.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethenewoventest?A.Time-consuming.B.Energy-saving.C.Meaningless.D.Successful.13.What'stheadvantageofthenewovenovertheRussianfoodwarmer?A.Itheatsupmuchfaster.B.It'smoreconvenienttouse.C.Ithasalargercookingspace.D.Itcanheatuptoahighertemperature.14.Whatwillmakethecookie'sappearanceinthenewovenuncertain?A.Thebakingtime.B.Theheatingmethod.C.Theabsenceofgravity.D.Thespeedoftemperaturerise.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.CookingEquipmentinSpaceStationB.CookiesComingfromtheInternationalSpaceStationC.CreativeWaysAstronautsMakeFoodinSpaceStationD.ANewOventoBeTestedtoMakeCookiesinSpaceStation【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.D【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。一艘載有新烤箱和其他物資的宇宙飛船星期六從美國(guó)的瓦勒普斯飛行基地發(fā)射升空。國(guó)際空間站的字航員將很快測(cè)試這種可以制作巧克力曲奇餅的新烤箱?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Thecookiebakingwillbeaslowprocess.Theovencanheatjustonecookieatatime.Thetestcouldtakeweeksbeforetheastronautshavechancetotryoutfreshlybakedcookies.(烤餅干是一個(gè)緩慢的過(guò)程?？鞠湟淮沃荒芗訜嵋粔K餅干。測(cè)試可能需要數(shù)周時(shí)間，宇航員才有時(shí)機(jī)品嘗新鮮出爐的餅干)和倒數(shù)第二段Murphysayssheexpectsabakingtimeof15to20minutesforeachcookiewhentheovenisheatedtoabout163degreesCelsius.(當(dāng)烤箱加熱到163攝氏度左右時(shí)，她希望每塊餅干的烘焙時(shí)間為15到20分鐘)根據(jù)烤箱每次烤餅干的時(shí)間和容量可知，新烤箱測(cè)試是比擬耗時(shí)的，應(yīng)選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段Theovencanheatfoodstotemperaturesashighas177degreesCelsius.ThatistwicethetemperatureoftheU.S.andRussianfoodwarmersonthespacestation.(這個(gè)烤箱可以將食物加熱到177攝氏度。這是美國(guó)和俄羅斯空間站上食物加熱器溫度的兩倍)可知，新烤箱比俄國(guó)食物加熱器加熱的溫度更高，應(yīng)選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Withouttheforceofgravity,theastronautsdonotknowexactlyhowthecookiewilllook.可知在太空沒(méi)有重力，宇航員不知道餅干到底會(huì)烤成什么樣子。即失重會(huì)導(dǎo)致餅干外觀的不確定性，應(yīng)選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句AstronautsontheInternationalSpaceStationwillsoontestanewovenformakingchocolatechipcookies.可知，文章談?wù)摰脑?huà)題是國(guó)際空間站的宇航員們將很快測(cè)試一種制作巧克力曲奇餅的新烤箱。D項(xiàng)：ANewOventoBeTestedtoMakeCookiesinSpaceStation概括了文章內(nèi)容，適合作為標(biāo)題。應(yīng)選D。第二節(jié)〔共5小題；每題分，總分值分〕閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TheTrickstoConquertheWorstDayofYourLifeWehaveallhadbaddays,andsomedaysfeelliketheworldisuponourshouldersandwejustcan'tbeartheweightofitanylonger.___16___Considerthesetrickswhensurvivingtheworstdayofyourlife.Blessorreflect.Whenyouhavetheworstdayofyourlife,turningtoblessingorreflectioncanconqueranybadmood._______17_______Othersliketospendtimewritinginjournalstoexpresstheirfeelings.Thepointofthequiettimeistoreleasethebadmoodofyourday.Reachouttoothers.Whenyouarefeelinglikeyourworldhasended,youneedtoreachouttoothersforhelp.Sometimesthismightmeanseekingprofessionalhelpifyouareinastateofdepression,oritmightsimplymeantalkingtoawell-trustedfriend.___18___Changeyourmentalstate.Sometimesitisjustamatterofturningthemintoactivethoughts.___19___Onceyouareabletodothat,youwillseethatitreallywasnottheworstdayeverafterall.___20___Taketheworstdayeverandsetgoalsforyourselftomakechangestowhateveryoucanthatwillturnthatdayintoagrowthexperiencethatmovesyouforwardratherthansetsyouback.Whatcouldyoudodifferentlyifthissituationmighthappenagain?Settinggoalsmakesyouforward.A.Setgoals.B.Loveyourself.C.Youwillseetherainbowsoonerorlater.D.Sometimesittakesachangeinyourmentalstatetoovercomeit.E.Therearewaystoconquerthosefeelingsandbreathefreshairagain.F.Whomeveryouchoosetoreachoutto,openupsothatitdoesn'tconqueryou.G.Somepeoplefeelreliefwhentheyfindaquietplaceandtimetoreflectontheday'sevents.【答案】16.E17.G18.F19.D20.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了四種度過(guò)你生活中最糟糕的時(shí)光的方式?！驹斀狻?.空格后意思是“當(dāng)處在生活中最糟糕的一天時(shí)，可以考慮下這些技巧〞，而E項(xiàng)“有一些可以征服這些情感，再次呼吸到新鮮的空氣的方法〞，句意上下銜接，且ways與tricks相照應(yīng)，應(yīng)選E。2.空后“另外一些人通過(guò)寫(xiě)日記來(lái)表達(dá)他們的感情〞與G項(xiàng)“一些人在找到一個(gè)安靜的地方和時(shí)間來(lái)反思當(dāng)天發(fā)生的事情時(shí)，會(huì)感到如釋重負(fù)〞前后形成并列關(guān)系，介紹了不同的人反思的方法，且some與others對(duì)應(yīng)，應(yīng)選G。“Reachouttoothers走出去向別人求助〞，而F項(xiàng)“無(wú)論你向誰(shuí)尋求幫助，一定要敞開(kāi)心胸以使這種情緒不會(huì)征服你〞符合主旨大意。其中reachout在主旨句和選項(xiàng)中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，為提示詞，it指上一句中的depression，應(yīng)選F?！坝袝r(shí)候只需要把它轉(zhuǎn)化為積極的想法〞與D項(xiàng)“有時(shí)候，為了克服它，你需要改變自己的心態(tài)〞形成并列關(guān)系，sometimes是關(guān)鍵詞。應(yīng)選D。5.分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此空與本文加黑字體句式上保持一致，都是祈使句，所以答案在A和B中，再根據(jù)空格下一段“Taketheworstdayeverandsetgoalsforyourselftomakechangestowhateveryoucanthatwillturnthatdayintoagrowthexperiencethatmovesyouforwardratherthansetsyouback.從最糟糕的一天開(kāi)始，為自己設(shè)定目標(biāo)，做一些力所能及的改變，把這一天變成一段讓你前進(jìn)而不是后退的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷〞可知，本段講設(shè)定目標(biāo)使你前進(jìn)的事，而A項(xiàng)“設(shè)定目標(biāo)〞符合要求，應(yīng)選A。第三局部語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用〔共兩節(jié)，總分值30分〕第一節(jié)〔共15小題；每題1分，總分值15分閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。Ourliveschangedtracksthedayourdaughterwasborn.MywifeandIfelt____21____intheUK—we’devenboughtahouse6monthsearlier—butthe____22____ofourdaughterforcedamomentof____23____.Wewonderedwhetherweshould____24____toournativeBrazil.Inournativecountry,we’dbeclosertoourfamilyand____25____.ButintheUK,IhadthefundingandlabresourcesIneededformycostlyandhighlyspecializedresearchprogram.Wouldsuchamove____26____mycareer?Then,afewweekslater,Ireceivedacallfrommybrother,whotoldmethatourfatherhadpassedaway.Thegreat____27____Ihadaboutmydaughter’sbirthsuddenlygavewaytoadeepsadness.IfeltthatIwas____28____precioustimewithmylovedones.Afterthat,wehadno____29____thatitwastherighttimetomovebacktoBrazil.Weappliedfortheprofessorshipsinourhometownandbothreceivedoffers.Itwasn’t_____30_____tostartmyresearchinBrazil,however.Ididn’treceiveanystart-upfundingformylab.Iwasabletoperformafewexperimentsmyself_____31_____theexpensivereagents(試劑)IhadbroughtwithmefrommylabintheUK,aswellasequipmentI_____32_____withotherBrazilprofessors.Eventually,I_____33_____Brazilianfunding,whichallowedmeto_____34_____ateamofbrightundergraduateandgraduatestudentsandbuyreagentsandlabequipmentonmyown.Lookingback,I’mcontentthatmywifeandImadethe_____35_____tomovebacktoourhomecountry.IwasabletotakeupBrazilianjujitsu(柔術(shù))training,whichhadn’tbeenabletododuringmyyearsabroad.21.A.settled B.misled C.abandoned D.misunderstood22.A.discovery B.memory C.survival D.arrival23.A.celebration B.consideration C.interruption D.weakness24.A.return B.submit C.respond D.keep25.A.career B.future C.culture D.school26.A.blame B.sink C.expose D.mark27.A.burden B.expectation C.happiness D.sympathy28.A.wasting B.regaining C.listing D.losing29.A.chance B.doubt C.right D.reason30.A.easy B.lucky C.rare D.fair31.A.butfor B.thanksto C.insteadof D.regardlessof32.A.developed B.compared C.discussed D.shared33.A.supported B.perfected C.obtained D.valued34.A.treat B.form C.defeat D.tease35.A.decision B.attempt C.living D.mistake【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.A25.C26.B27.C28.D29.B30.A31.B32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了，作為一位旅居國(guó)外的科學(xué)家，女兒的出生讓作者陷入沉思：歸國(guó)能讓女兒接觸自己的家人和文化，但是會(huì)不會(huì)毀了自己的事業(yè)？但作者回首往事，并不懊悔回國(guó)的決定?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我和妻子在英國(guó)安排下來(lái)，我們甚至在6個(gè)月前就買(mǎi)了一套房子，但女兒的到來(lái)迫使我不得不考慮一下。A.settled定居、安排；B.misled誤導(dǎo)；C.abandoned拋棄；D.misunderstood誤解。由下文的“we’devenboughtahouse6monthsearlier〞可知，作者6個(gè)月前就買(mǎi)了一套房子，說(shuō)明作者要在英國(guó)安排下來(lái)。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我和妻子在英國(guó)安排下來(lái)，我們甚至在6個(gè)月前就買(mǎi)了一套房子，但女兒的到來(lái)迫使我不得不考慮一下。A.discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.memory記憶；C.survival生存；D.arrival到來(lái)。由上文的“ourdaughterwasborn〞可知，女兒出生，到來(lái)了這個(gè)世界。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我和妻子在英國(guó)安排下來(lái)，我們甚至在6個(gè)月前就買(mǎi)了一套房子，但女兒的到來(lái)迫使我不得不考慮一下。A.celebration慶祝；B.consideration考慮；C.interruption打斷；D.weakness虛弱。由上下文語(yǔ)境可知，作者6個(gè)月前就買(mǎi)了一套房子，要在英國(guó)安排下來(lái)，但女兒到來(lái)后，作者卻思考是否應(yīng)該回到自己的祖國(guó)巴西，說(shuō)明女兒的到來(lái)使作者考慮是否歸國(guó)一事。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們想知道我們是否應(yīng)該回到我們的祖國(guó)巴西。A.return返回；B.submit遞交；C.respond回應(yīng)；D.keep保持。由下文的“Inournativecountry,we’dbeclosertoourfamilyand____5____〞可知，作者認(rèn)為在自己的祖國(guó)會(huì)更接近自己的家人和文化，說(shuō)明作者在考慮是否返回祖國(guó)巴西一事。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在我們的祖國(guó)，我們會(huì)更接近我們的家人和文化。A.career事業(yè)；B.future將來(lái)；C.culture文化；D.school學(xué)校。由常識(shí)可知，因土生土長(zhǎng)，人在自己的祖國(guó)會(huì)更接近自己的家人和文化。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這樣的舉動(dòng)會(huì)毀了我的事業(yè)嗎？A.blame責(zé)備；B.sink漂??；C.expose暴露；D.mark作記號(hào)。由上下文語(yǔ)境可知，上文提到作者在英國(guó)有資金和實(shí)驗(yàn)室資源，下文提到作者回到巴西后沒(méi)有得到任何啟動(dòng)資金，昂貴試劑也沒(méi)有，說(shuō)明回國(guó)后的條件不好，作者認(rèn)為回國(guó)會(huì)毀了自己的事業(yè)，sink本意為“漂浮〞，“使事業(yè)漂浮〞在此處引申義為“毀了事業(yè)〞。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我對(duì)女兒出生的巨大快樂(lè)突然間變成了深深的悲傷。A.burden負(fù)擔(dān)；B.expectation期望；C.happiness快樂(lè)、幸福；D.sympathy同情。由常識(shí)可知，孩子出生，作為父母的作者自然感到幸福快樂(lè)，而知道父親過(guò)世后，這種快樂(lè)變成了悲傷。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我覺(jué)得我失去了和我愛(ài)的人在一起的珍貴時(shí)間。A.wasting浪費(fèi)；B.regaining重新獲得；C.listing列舉；D.losing失去。由上文語(yǔ)境可知，作者一直在國(guó)外，肯定很少和家人在一起，父親的過(guò)世讓作者意識(shí)到他失去了和自己愛(ài)的人在一起的珍貴時(shí)間。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在那之后，我們毫不疑心現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候回到巴西了。A.chance時(shí)機(jī)；B.doubt疑心；C.right權(quán)力；D.reason理由。由下文語(yǔ)境可知，作者回到了祖國(guó)巴西，此處指作者毫不疑心現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候回到巴西了。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，在巴西開(kāi)始我的研究并不容易。A.easy容易的；B.lucky幸運(yùn)的；C.rare稀少的；D.fair公平的。由下文語(yǔ)境可知，作者回到巴西后沒(méi)有得到任何啟動(dòng)資金，能做實(shí)驗(yàn)還多虧了從英國(guó)實(shí)驗(yàn)室?guī)?lái)的昂貴試劑以及與其他巴西教授共享的設(shè)備，說(shuō)明在巴西開(kāi)始研究并不容易。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我能夠自己做一些實(shí)驗(yàn)，多虧了我從英國(guó)實(shí)驗(yàn)室?guī)?lái)的昂貴試劑，以及我與其他巴西教授共享的設(shè)備。A.butfor要不是；B.thanksto多虧；C.insteadof代替；D.regardlessof無(wú)視。由上下文語(yǔ)境可知，作者回到巴西后沒(méi)有得到任何啟動(dòng)資金，條件艱苦，研究不易，能做實(shí)驗(yàn)還多虧了從英國(guó)實(shí)驗(yàn)室?guī)?lái)的昂貴試劑以及與其他巴西教授共享的設(shè)備。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我能夠自己做一些實(shí)驗(yàn)，多虧了我從英國(guó)實(shí)驗(yàn)室?guī)?lái)的昂貴試劑，以及我與其他巴西教授共享的設(shè)備。A.developed開(kāi)展；B.compared比擬；C.discussed討論；D.shared共享。由上下文語(yǔ)境可知，作者回到巴西后沒(méi)有得到任何啟動(dòng)資金，條件艱苦，研究不易，能做實(shí)驗(yàn)還多虧了從英國(guó)實(shí)驗(yàn)室?guī)?lái)的昂貴試劑以及與其他巴西教授共享的設(shè)備。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，我獲得了巴西的資助，使我得以組建一支由聰明的本科生和研究生組成的團(tuán)隊(duì)，并自行購(gòu)置試劑和實(shí)驗(yàn)室設(shè)備。A.supported支持；B.perfected使完善；C.obtained獲得；D.valued重視。由下文語(yǔ)境可知，作者能組建團(tuán)隊(duì)并自行購(gòu)置試劑和實(shí)驗(yàn)室設(shè)備，說(shuō)明作者獲得了巴西的資助。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，我獲得了巴西的資助，使我得以組建一支由聰明的本科生和研究生組成的團(tuán)隊(duì)，并自行購(gòu)置試劑和實(shí)驗(yàn)室設(shè)備。A.treat對(duì)待；B.form組成；C.defeat擊??；D.tease取笑。由上文語(yǔ)境可知，作者獲得了巴西的資助，所以有能力組建自己的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)并自行購(gòu)置試劑和實(shí)驗(yàn)室設(shè)備。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：回首往事，我對(duì)妻子和我決定搬回祖國(guó)感到滿(mǎn)意。A.decision決定；B.attempt嘗試；C.living謀生；D.mistake錯(cuò)誤。由上文的“Lookingback〞可知，作者此時(shí)回憶起自己做出回國(guó)決定的這件事，對(duì)此感到滿(mǎn)意。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)〔共10小題；每題分，總分值15分〕閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Scientistsoftencomparecoralreefstounderwaterrainforests,yetunliketheleafyplantbaseofaforest,coralsareanimals.Thesoftorgansinsidethehardpartsofcoralsarenaturallytransparentandget___36___(they)famouslybrilliantcolorfromalgae(藻類(lèi)〕livinginsidethem.Whencoralsexperiencestressfromhottemperaturesor___37___(pollute),theyendtheirinterdependentrelationshipwiththisalgae,typicallyforcingthemout___38___turningwhite,thoughonerecentstudyindicatessomecoralsturnabrightneoncolorwhenstressed.Coralsarestillalivewhentheybleach(白化〕，butthey're____39____risk-essentiallyimmunocompromised(免疫功能低下〕－andmany___40___(eventual)starveanddie,turningadarkbrown.Peoplefirstnoticedcoralbleachingeventsinthe1980s.Theproblemworsenedin2021,whenanElNinoweatherpattern,___41___causeswarmerwatersinthePacificOcean,___42___〔mix)withanalreadyunseasonablywarmoceanandkilledoffathirdofthecoralsontheGreatBarrierReef.Sincethen,roughlyhalfthecoralsonAustralia'sfamousreefs___43___〔die)infollowingbleachingevents,riskinganunderwaterlandscape1,500mileslong.Scientistsaroundtheworldarelookingforallkindsofwaystoprotectandmaybeevenrevivecorals.Oneoptionis___44___(create)moremarineprotectedareas-essentiallynationalparksintheocean.Scientistssaycreatingmarineshelter,wherefishing,mining,andrecreatingareofflimits,makesthereefs___45___(healthy),andsomuchstronger.【答案】36.their37.pollution38.and39.at40.eventually41.which42.mixed43.havedied44.tocreate/creating45.healthier【解析】【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。當(dāng)珊瑚遭受到高溫或污染，他們結(jié)束和藻類(lèi)的共生關(guān)系，迫使藻類(lèi)離開(kāi)，珊瑚褪變成白色。許多白化后的珊瑚最終餓死和死掉，為了使珊瑚礁更健康更強(qiáng)壯，科學(xué)家稱(chēng)創(chuàng)造海洋生物避難處，限制漁業(yè)、開(kāi)礦和再創(chuàng)造?！?6題詳解】考查代詞。句意：珊瑚中硬體局部中的軟器官是天然透明的并且從生活在他們體內(nèi)的藻類(lèi)中得到著名的絢爛顏色。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處修飾名詞color，故使用形容詞性物主代詞形式。故填their?！?7題詳解】考查名詞。句意：當(dāng)珊瑚遭受到高溫或污染，他們結(jié)