2020屆普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試山師附中模擬卷打靶卷英語試題含答案

按秘密級(jí)事項(xiàng)管理★啟用前202年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（打靶卷）英語試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2. 回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThefollowingpropertieswhichtheWorldHeritageCommittee（世界遺產(chǎn)委員會(huì)）hasdecidedtoincludeontheListofWorldHeritageareunderthreat.CulturalLandscapeandArchaeologicalRemainsoftheBamiyanValley（Afghanistan）TheculturallandscapeandarchaeologicalremainsoftheBamiyanValleystandfortheartisticandreligiousdevelopmentswhichfromthe1sttothe13thcenturiescharacterizedancientBakhtria.TheareacontainsanumberofBuddhistmonasticensembles,aswellasstrongbuildingsfromtheIslamicperiod.HistoricCentreofVienna（Austria）ViennadevelopedfromearlyCelticandRomansettlementsintoaMedievalandBaroquecity,thecapitaloftheAustro-HungarianEmpire.ItplayedanimportantroleasaleadingEuropeanmusiccentre,fromthegreatageofVienneseClassicismthroughtheearlypartofthe20thcentury.ThehistoriccentreofViennaisrichinarchitecturalbuildings,includingBaroquecastlesandgardens,aswellasthelate-19th-centuryRingstrasselinedwithgrandbuildings,monumentsandparks.OkapiWildlifeReserve（DemocraticRepublicoftheCongo）TheOkapiWildlifeReserveoccupiesaboutone-fifthoftheIturiforestinthenorth-eastoftheDemocraticRepublicoftheCongo.TheCongoriverbasin,ofwhichthereserveandforestareapart,isoneofthelargestdrainagesystemsinAfrica.Thereservecontainsthreatenedspeciesofprimatesandbirdssurvivinginthewild.Italsohassomeamazingscenery,includingwaterfallsontheIturiandEpulurivers.ThereserveisinhabitedbytraditionalnomadicpygmyMbutiandEfehunters.1. WhichofthefollowingheritagesitesislocatedinAsia?A. OkapiWildlifeReserve.B. HistoricCentreofVienna.C. TheAustro-HungarianEmpire.D. CulturalLandscapeandArchaeologicalRemainsoftheBamiyanValley.2. WhomaygetinterestedinHistoricCentreofVienna?A. Musiccomposers.B. Birdsresearchers.C. Modembuildinglovers.D. NaturalSceneryPhotographer.3. Whatdothethreeworldheritagesiteshaveincommon?A. Theyareallindanger.B. Theyareclosedtothepublic.C.Theyfeaturelotsofancientbuildings.D.TheyaretoberemovedfromtheWorldHeritageList.BThe"cloudwar"istakingplaceasthedisputebetweentheUnitedStatesandChinaaboutdatahackingandcomputernetworksecuritygrowsstronger.ChinesecompaniessuchasAlibaba,BaiduandHuaweiareexpandingwithintheircountryandgainingcustomersinothercountries.Theyarecreatingdatacentersinmultiplecountriesandtryingtoselldatamanagementservicesthroughouttheworld.Theincreasingcompetitionincloudcomputingandstorageincursthenewchallengeandworriessomeexperts.Theyareconcernedaboutthesafetyofdata.Afterall,companiesoftenusethecloudtostoreimportant,confidentialinformationandtooperatesuchactivitiesasdata-drivenmachinery,telecommunications,bankingandtransportsystems—includingplansfordriverlessvehicles.LeeBranstetterisanassociateprofessorofeconomicsattheHeinzSchoolofPolicyandManagementoftheCarnegieMellonUniversity.Hetoldmanymulti-nationalcompanies"haveseriousconcernsabouttheprotectionoftheirintellectualproperty（知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)）."Branstettersaidsomeoftheselargecompaniesalreadybelievetheyhavelostvaluableinformation.SheilaJasanoffisthedirectoroftheprogramonscience,technologyandsocietyatHarvard'sKennedySchool.Shecalledthecloudcomputingindustry"unruly".Inotherwords,theindustryisnotstrictlygoverned."People（inthebusiness）aremakingrulesastheygoalongortakingadvantageofthelackofrules,"Jasanoffsaid.Shesaidcloudcomputingcompaniesarenotclearaboutwhatsecuritymeasurestheyarepromisingcustomers.Sheisworriedthatamajoraccidentmayhappenbeforegovernmentsrealizetheneedforstrongerrulesinthecloudcomputingindustry.Shebelievesthereshouldbeinternationally-acceptedrulestomeetthenewchallenge.Butshedoesnotbelieveaninternationalagreementwillbereachedanytimesoon.4.Whatdoesthe"cloudwar"referto?A.Thewarupinthesky.B.Somekindofcoldwar.C.TheChina-USrelationship.D.Thecompetitiononthe"cloud".5.WhatconcernssomeexpertsaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Informationsecurity.B.Warsamongcountries.C.Thestorageof“cloud”.D.Thelackoftechnology.6.WhichofthefollowingmaybeconsistentwithJasanoff'sopinion?A.Amajoraccidentisboundtotakeplacesoon.B.Anagreementistobereachedinthenearfuture.C.Thecloudindustryneedsguidingandmonitoring.D.Governmentshavekeptaneyeoncloudindustry.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.China'sRiseorNotB.NewWar,NewChallengeC.ChancesonCloudInformationD.GrowthofCloudComputingIndustryCRecentyearshavewitnessedthegrowthofluxury（奢侈品）brands.It'sclearthatanewgenerationofyoung,materialisticpeopleisincreasinglyrelyingonluxurybrandstoimproveitsself-image.Iamafashionistatoo,atleastinspirit---Ilovetolookatclothesandshoes.ButIdon'tunderstandwhypeoplespendlotsofmoneyondesignerlabels.Whenayoungwomanbuysahandbagthatcoststwomonthsofhersalary,that'sascarything.What'sinterestingisthatscientistshavefoundthathavingluxurythingsdoesn'tleadtohappiness.Studyafterstudyhasshownthatalthoughwewantmaterialthings,whenwegetthemwedon'tsuddenlybecome"happy"people.Infact,aseriesofstudieshaveshownthatindividualswhospendmoneyontravelandsimilarexperiencesgetmorepleasurethanthoseonmaterialthings.That'sbecauseexperiencesaremoreeasilyintegratedintoaperson'sidentity.IfItraveltoYunnan,thatadventureaffectshowIthinkinthefuture.Mymemoriesbecomeapartofme.Moreover,asVanBovenhasobserved,youngpeoplewhopursuehappinessthrough“things"arelikedlessbytheirpeers.Peoplepreferthosewhopursuehappinessthroughexperiences.It'snaturaltowanttoexpressyourselfthroughyourappearance.Somyadviceis:createalookthatisn'ttiedtoadesignerlabel.Conveyyourownmessage.TakesomelessonsfromthelateAppleco-founderSteveJobs.HewasalwaysinLevisjeansandablackturtleneck.MarkZuckerberg,founderofFacebook,routinelyappearsinhoodiesandsneakers.Thesepeople,successfulpeople,havestyle.Youdon'thavetobreakthebanktosendamessageaboutwhoyouare.Takeatrip.Gooutintotheworld.Thencomebackandconfidentlycreateyourownsignaturelook.8.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsluxuryconsumption?A.Favorable.B.Negative.C.Positive.D.Unconcerned.9.What'sthemainideaofthefourthparagraph?A.Materialthingscan'tbringaboutjoy.B.Experiencessinkintopersonality.C.It'sbettertoinvestinexperiences.D.Others'preferenceisofimportance.10.WhyareSteveJobsandMarkZuckerbergmentionedinthetext?A.Tohonorthetwosuccesses.B.Toadvocatetheirexperience.C.Tosupporttheauthor'sargument.D.Toinspireyoungpeople'sambition.11.Whatistheunderlinedsentenceintendedtoexpress?A.Domindyourfinancialsecurity.B.Dotrytomakemoremoney.C.Don'trobabankforluxuries.D.Don'tspendmuchonyourimageDMorethan40%oftheinsectsarounduscouldbecomeextinctinnextfewdecades.Simultaneously,thepopulationoftheadaptableandgeneralspecieslikethatofhouseflies,cockroachesandfleasislikelytobloom.Althoughsomespeciesofinsectsarevectors（帶菌者）ofseriousdiseases,orothersdestroycrop,butaworldwithoutinsectsisinconceivable.Theirimportanceininterconnectedecosystemsandfoodchainscanneverbeundermined.Insectshaveessentialrolesinterrestrialandfreshwaterecosystemsasherbivores,carnivoresanddecomposers.Thereare17timesasmanyinsectsashumans,andthesenumbersareessentialforproperfunctioningofallecosystems.Insectsareresponsibleforpollinatingaround75%ofthecropsintheworldandalsoserveasfoodforothercreatures.Theyreplenishsoilsandkeepthenumberofpestsincheck.Theprimarycauseofthisextinctionislossofhabitat.Beitthegrasslandsorwetlands,everythingisvanishinginman'squesttowardsintensiveagricultureandurbanization.Anothercauseofthisdeclineistheexcessiveuseofpesticides,fertilizersandintroducedinvasivespecies.Asifthiswasn'tenough,climatechangeandpollutionofallsortshavealreadystartedworseningtheirlives.Climatechangemayalsocauseemergenceofnewpestsandothervector-borneinsects.ThebiggestthreatofInsectArmageddoncomesfromGermany,where75%ofinsectpopulationhavedeclinedinjust30yearsandfromPuertoRico,wheredueto2degreeriseintemperature,therehasbeen60folddeclineininvertebrate（無脊椎的）populationsincethe1970s.However,thefactthatinsectsgettingextinctisaglobalcrisisisundisputed.Buttheneatthingaboutinsectsis,weallcandoourbittosavethem.Weallcanmaintainpesticide-freekitchengardensandorganicfarms.Wecanplantflowersandtreesandinvitethemtonestagain.Maybethistragedywouldhaveneverariseninthefirstplaceandyouwouldnothavetoreadthisarticle,iftheworldhadstoppedusingallkindsofpesticidesimmediatelyafterRachelCarsonhadpublishedtheSilentSpring.Conservingtheinsectbiodiversityisnotourresponsibility.Itisanecessitybecauseiftheygo,sowillwe.12.Whycan'twestandaworldwithoutinsects?A.Fortheirpartsinglobalecology.B.Fortheirlongerhistorythanhumans'.C.Fortheirshockinglylargepopulation.D.Fortheappearanceofnewinsectspecies.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword'"undisputed"inParagraph7mean?A.Possible. B.Doubtless C.Exact D.Flexible.14.Whichofthefollowingmaybestexplaintheextinctionofinsectspecies?A.Climatechange.B.Humanactivities.C.Theabuseofchemicals.D.Theagriculture.15.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Callingonustodosomethingtosaveinsects.B.Introducingtheurgentsituationinsectsarefacing.C.Presentinguswaystohandletheglobalcrises.D.Treatingdifferentlybeneficialandharmfulinsects.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Alittlebatteryputsoutalittlebitofelectricity,soyoucanuseitsafelyforyourexperiments.Buttheelectricitythatcomesthroughthewiresinyourhouseorschoolismuchmorepowerful16.Insidethewallswhereyouliveorstudy,therearebigwiresthatcarryelectricity.Whenyoupluginalightorradioorotherelectricalappliance,youareputtingthelightorradiointhepathwayoftheelectricity.Youhaveheardadultswarn,“17，‘Nowdoyouknowwhy?Ifyoudid,youwouldbecomepartoftheelectricalpathway.18Theelectricalcurrentcomingthroughthewirestothewallplugissostrongthatitwouldhurtalotifyoustuckyourfingerintheplug.Putyourfingerinthereanditcouldbeyou,ratherthanthelightbulb,thatbecomespartoftheelectricalpathway.Andthatwouldhurt!Whatifyouheldapieceofmetal,likeaforkorknife,andstuckitintothewallplug?Don'tdoit.Why?It'sbecausemetalsalsoconductelectricity.19Don'ttouchanyelectricalappliancewhenyouarewet.Canyouthinkwhy?It'sbecausewaterisagoodconductorofelectricity.Whenyourhandsarewetorwhenyourbodyisinabathtubfullofwater,theelectricitycouldflowrightthroughyouandgiveyouanawfulshock,orevenkillyou.Electricityisveryuseful,butitcanbedangerous.20Ifso,electricitycanbetterserveyou,insteadofhurtingyou.A. Lifeisprecious!B. Sostayawayfromwires.C. Becareful,besafeandbesmart.D. Andyouwouldgetaterribleshock!E. Don'tstickyourfingerintothewallplug.F. Therefore,keepinmindsomesafetyrules.G.Yourbodyisaprettygoodconductorofelectricity.第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Whatisatruewinner?Wemaybevery21ofHondaMotors.In1938,SoichiroHondawasstillinschool,whenhestartedalittleworkshop.Hisplanwastosellpistonrings（活塞環(huán)）toToyota.He22nightandday,believinghecould23hisdesignandproduceaworthyproduct.Then,camethedayhetookasampletoToyota,24tobetoldthattheringsdidnot25theirstandards!However,herefusedtogiveup.26focusonhisfailure,hecontinuedworkingtowardshisgoal.Aftertwomoreyearsof27,hewonacontractwithToyota.Bythen,SoichiroHondaneededtobuildafactorytosupplyToyota,butbuildingmaterialswereinshortsupply.Againhewouldnot28!Heinventeda29processthatenabledhimtobuildthefactory.But30,anearthquakedestroyedthefactory.Washe31togiveupnow?No!SoichiroHondawroteto18,000bicyclesshopownersandaskedthemtohelphim.5,000respondedand32himwhatlittlemoneytheycouldtobuildhistinybicycleengines.33graduallythecompanygotgreatsuccess.Hondasucceededbecauseonemanmadeatrulycommitteddecision,34it,andmadeadjustments35acontinuousbasis.21.A.enviousB.familiarC.awareD.fond22.A.thoughtB.prayedC.sleptD.labored23.A.perfectB.startC.winD.admire24.A.onlyB.stillC.evenD.simply25.A.meetB.improveC.updateD.apply26.A.InordertoB.OrelseC.OtherthanD.Ratherthan27.A.silenceB.explanationC.serviceD.struggle28.A.agreeB.sufferC.quitD.return29.A.abnormalB.specialC.responsibleD.specific30.A.eventuallyB.unfortunatelyC.surprisinglyD.definitely31.A.unwillingB.honestC.readyD.hopeful32.A.beggedB.promotedC.refusedD.advanced33.A.OrB.OtherwiseC.AndD.Yet34.A.thoughtaboutB.actedonC.reflectedonD.joinedin35.A.onB.inC.atD.with第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Ifyoucomeacrossan85-year-oldwomanwalkingslowlywithawalkerintheChildren'sHospitalofSoochowUniversity,don'ttakeher36apatient.Insteadsheisadoctor,37stillinsistsonworkinginthehospital.ShengJinyun,bornin1935,afamousexpertinpediatricasthma(兒科哮喘)，38(treat)about30,000patientssufferingasthmasofar.Sheisknownas"the39(much)beautifulgrandmadoctor"byothers.However,shestillsees40patientseveryday.Shenghasalwaysstucktoherpostthoughshehadtwobones40(break)inafallamonthago.Sonowshecanonlywalkwiththehelpofawalker.Othersdon'tunderstandher.Intheireyes,she41(expect)toliveapeacefullifeinthisoldage.Butshewantstocuremore42(child).OneofSheng'smost43(impress)experienceshappenedinher50s.Shesaw146patientsfrom7:45amto9:45pmthatday,eatingnothingexceptsomemilk.Though44(award)the"lifelongachievementphysicianinpediatrics",Shengseemsnotproudatall.Shesaiditwashergoaltobeadiligentperson45gooddoctor.第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假定你是李華，是倫敦孔子學(xué)院的一名助教。按照學(xué)院安排，你近期要開設(shè)一門線上課程，介紹中國(guó)沙畫文化。請(qǐng)你寫一封email,邀請(qǐng)你的學(xué)生們報(bào)名參加。內(nèi)容包括：1.課程的安排；2.報(bào)名方式；3.希望學(xué)生們都參加。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：ConfuciusInstitute孔子學(xué)院sandpainting沙畫Dearstudents,........Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Freshoutofhighschool,Ihadthedifficulttaskofchoosingacareerpathbeforecollegestartedinthreemonths.InthosedaysinPakistan,therewerelimitedoptions:becomingadoctororanengineer,orenteringthefinancialworldaftergettingabusinessdegree.Iwasn'tinterestedinengineering,sothatIwasleftwithmedicineorbusiness.Icouldn'tdecide.Myuncle,oneofthecidersinthefamily,suggestedthatIdoaworkplacementtoexperienceitforamonthinaninternationalcompanyfollowedbyamonthinahospital.Afterthat,Icouldmakeadecision.Itseemedlikeabrilliantidea.Iwasacceptedforamonth'splacementataforeignbankinKarachi.Igotafeelforhowtheworldoffinancefunctioned,madenewfriends,andgenerallyenjoyedthemostlyeasy-goingworksurroundings.Themonthpassedrapidly,andsoonIbeganworkingataleadinghospitalinKarachi.Theexperiencecouldn'thavebeenmoredifferent.Thehospitalhadanintenseenvironment.Thedaysstartedearly（at7am,comparedto9amatthebank）,andwerefilledwithendlessduties.Andthenightcalls!Thiswascrazy,workingallday,throughthenight,andagainthenextday.Ibeganthinkingaboutmytwoexperiences.Thebankhadofferedamorerelaxingatmosphere,betterworkinghoursandlessstress.Thehospitalwasfullofexcitementandunpredictability,butthestudyingandtrainingwasdifficult.Itseemedthatthebusinessoptionwasgoingtowinout.Neartheendofmymonthatthehospital,Iwasdrivinghomeafteranespeciallybusynightcall.Infrontofmewasapublicbus,withcollegestudentssittingonthetop.Asthedriverweavedthrough（穿梭）traffic,Icouldseetheboysshakingfromsidetoside.Paragraph1:Suddenly,aboyfelloffthebackofthebus. Paragraph2:Thenextday,whenIwenttohospitaltoseetheboy,allhisfamilygotup,withgratefulsmilesontheirfaces..