高中英語外研版選擇性必修第一冊Unit 1 Period 4　Developing ideas-Reading comprehension

Period4Developingideas—ReadingcomprehensionⅠ.匹配單詞(請把單詞和其對應(yīng)的英語解釋連線)1．remark A．a(chǎn)nideaoraprinciplethatisconnectedwithsth2．concept B．tomakeaveryloud，deepsound4．cruel D．difficulttounderstand5．roar E．tospeakveryquietlytosbsothatotherpeoplecannothear6．complicated F．havingadesiretocausepainandsuffering答案1.C2.A3.E4.F5.B6.DⅡ.選詞填空eq\x(inparticular，putsbonthespot，telloff，throwlighton，fallbehind)1．Theinformationthatheofferedmaythrowlightonthemystery.2．Attheparty，hisruderemarksobviouslyputhiswifeonthespot.3．ThelinguistbecameworriedandafraidthatIwouldfallbehindinEnglish.4．TheteachertoldoffTomintheofficeyesterdayforhisbeinglateforclass，makingTominabadmood.5．Oneroad，inparticularwhichgoesnorthfromLaPaz，isconsideredthemostdangerousroadintheworld.Ⅰ.Fast-readingformainideas1.Matchthemainideawitheachparagraph.Para.1A．LinYutang，afamousbilingualwriter，isfamousforhisuniquebrandofhumour.Para.2B．Humourisanessentialpartofhumanbehaviour.Para.3C．MarkTwainisrememberedforhisabilitytocombinehumourandseriousmessages.Para.4D．Humourisawayoflife.Para.5E．LinYutang’squickwithelpedmakehimfamousasamasterofhumour.答案Para.1BPara.2CPara.3APara.4EPara.5D2．What’sthemainideaofthetext?A．MarkTwain’slife.B．LinYutang，agreatwriter.C．Medievalwritings.D．Theimportanceofhumour.答案DⅡ.Careful-readingfordetailsActivity1細節(jié)把握1．Asfarastheauthorisconcerned，.A．humourcanexplainsomehumanbehaviourB．AncientGreekjokesareashumoroustousnowastheywerethenC．humourisonlyawayofentertainmentD．humourcanthrownewlightonsensitiveoremotiveissues答案D2．WhatisMarkTwainwell-knownfor?A．Hehadtheabilitytocombinehumourwithmoreseriousmessages.B．Hewasgoodatwritingandcrossingoutthewrongwordsinhiswriting.C．Hewasexpertatgivinglectures.D．Helikedeverydayinteractionswithpeople.答案A3．Accordingtothepassage，wheredidtheword“youmo”comefrom?A．ModernChineseliterature.B．AncientChinese.C．Englishliterature.D．Abilingualbook.答案B4．WhydidLinYutangcreatetheequation?A．ToshowhewassuperiortoMarkTwain.B．Totellushumourisawayoflifeandatooltoilluminatetheworld.C．Toarguethathumourisnotsoimportantasrealityanddreams.D．Tobrightenpeople’slives.答案B5．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．ThereisnohumourinthetextsofAncientGreece.B．MarkTwaintoldthestoryaboutatigerandalion.C．MarkTwainknewthebarberverywell.D．BothTwainandLinthoughtthathumourwasveryimportant.答案DActivity2深層理解1．What’sthegenre(體裁)ofthetext?A．Anadvertisement.B．Narrativewriting.C．Practicalwriting.D．Argumentationwriting.答案D2．ThetalkbetweenthebarberandMarkTwainshowedthatMarkTwainwasvery.A．cold-heartedandproudB．humorousandmodestC．humorousandproudD．boringandmodest答案B3．Whatdoesthephrase“thinkingonhisfeet”inparagraph4mean?A．Standinguptothinkforawhile.B．Workingoutaplanquickly.C．Havingquickideasinanemergency.D．Lookingforareasontoleave.答案C4．Whatcanbeinferredaboutthepresidentoftheuniversity?A．Clever. B．Impolite.C．Patient. D．Warm-hearted.答案B5．Completethestructureofthepassage.eq\o(\s\up7(Introduction),\s\do5(Para.1))：humourisanessentialpartof,humanbehavior↓eq\o(\s\up7(MarkTwain),\s\do5(Para.2))↓eq\o(\s\up7(LinYutang),\s\do5(Paras.3－4))：famousforhisuniquebrand,ofhumour↓eq\o(\s\up7(Conclusion),\s\do5(Para.5))：Humour：mankind’sgreatestblessing.Activity1課文語法填空Humour1.hasbeen(be)anessentialpartofhumanbehaviourforthousandsofyears.Itcouldnotonlyentertainbutalsothrownewlight2.onsensitiveoremotiveissues.Closertomoderntimes，someonewho3.isremembered(remember)forhisabilitytocombinehumourwithmoreseriousmessagesisMarkTwain.Buton4.theothersideoftheworld，LinYutang’squickwithelpedmakehimfamous5.asamasterofhumour.BothTwainandLinunderstoodthathumourisn’tjustaboutlaughter，butisawayoflifeandatool6.that/whichcanbeused7.toilluminate(illuminate)theworld.8.Living(live)andworkingwithotherscansometimesbecomplicated,9.andhumourmakesthiseasier.Indeed，somemayarguethatourneedforhumourisalmostasgreatasourneedforwaterandair.InthewordsofMarkTwain,“Humorismankind’sgreatest10.blessing(bless)”．Activity2長難句理解1．Whilethesesamejokesmightnotbeasfunnytousnowastheywerethen，theirauthorsunderstoodthathumourcouldnotonlyentertainbutalsothrownewlightonsensitiveoremotiveissues.[句式分析]本句為復(fù)合句。While引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。主句中含有that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，notonly...butalso...連接并列謂語。[自主翻譯]雖然對現(xiàn)在的我們來說，那些笑話可能不像當時那么有趣，但它們的作者明白，幽默不只是一種娛樂的方式，它還可以使人們對敏感問題或有爭議的問題產(chǎn)生新的認識。2．WhenTwainrepliedthathedidn’t，thebarbertoldhimthatifhewantedtogototheeventhewouldhavetostand,astherewerenoseatsleftinthetheatre.[句式分析]本句為復(fù)合句。When引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。主句中that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作told的直接賓語；if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。[自主翻譯]當馬克·吐溫回答說沒有時，理發(fā)師告訴他，如果他想去聽演講就只能站著了，因為劇院里沒有剩余的座位了。3．Once，havingbeeninvitedtodinneratauniversity，hewasputonthespotwhenthepresidentsuddenlyaskedhimtogiveaspeech.[句式分析]本句為復(fù)合句。主句使用了被動語態(tài)，現(xiàn)在分詞短語的完成式havingbeeninvitedtodinneratauniversity作狀語；由于invited這個動作發(fā)生在wasput之前，所以用完成式。when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。[自主翻譯]有一次，他被邀請去一個大學(xué)吃晚餐，當校長突然讓他做演講時，他感到很為難。4．Thenalongcameatiger.[句式分析]本句是一個完全倒裝句。句子的主語是atiger,謂語是came。[自主翻譯]然后來了一只老虎。Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2022·山東濟寧高二期中)Imaginethatyou’vejustexperiencedsomethingunpleasant—yourfriendhasforgottenyourbirthday,you’vebeenrejectedforanewjob,oryou’vejustwokenupafteralongholidayandrememberedyouneedtogotowork.Howwouldyoutypicallyrespondtothosefeelings?Youmighttrytotellyourselfthatitdoesn’tmatter,andnottoletitgettoyou.Thistendencycouldbedescribedas“moodshame”：Thebeliefthathavingbadfeelingsisapersonalfailing.Continuallylookingonthebrightsideoflifemightseemstrong,evencourageous.Whileit’snaturalthatwemightprefertoavoiduncomfortablefeelingslikedisappointment,worry,anger,orsadness,arecentpsychologicalresearchsupportstheideathattheyserveusefulpurposesinourlives.Bylearningtoseethatvalueandacceptthosefeelingswithoutjudgment,wemayenjoybetterphysicalandmentalhealth.Consideranxiety.Wemayassumethatanxiousfeelingsdestroyourconcentrationandreduceourperformanceondifficulttasks—thatwecanonlysucceedinanexamoraninterviewifwelearntorelax.Alternatively,wecanseethefeelingasasourceofenergy.Besides,disappointmentmaymakeusfeelunpleasant—butyoucouldrecognizethattheemotionhelpsustolearnfromourmistakes.Andbyassigningamorepositivemeaningtothefeelingandacknowledgingitspotentialuses—ratherthanfeelingitissomehowunhealthy—youmightchangethebrainandthebody’sresponsestoanupset.Ratherthanjudgingyourselftoughlyforbadfeelings,youmightleanintothatbadmood,andallowyourselftheself-careyouneedtogetthroughit.Withoutfightingtheemotions,youcouldstarttoquestionwhetherthosefeelingshavevalue.Perhapsthey’llhelpyoutoidentifyanimportantchangeinyourlife.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了在我們生活中不可避免的會有一些負面情緒，那么我們該如何正確對待呢？1．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“getto”inparagraph2mean?A．Bother. B．Cheat.C．Scare. D．Inspire.答案A解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段首句中一些不愉快的經(jīng)歷和第二段“Youmighttry...andnottoletitgettoyou.”可推知，這里指不要把不愉快的事情當一回事，不要讓它們煩擾自己，結(jié)合選項詞語，“bother煩擾”符合題意。故選A項。2．Whatcanwelearnfromthepsychologicalresearchinparagraph3?A．Beingnegativeleadstobadhealth.B．Beingpositivemeanshavingcourage.C．Positivefeelingsimproveworkingefficiency.D．Negativefeelingsmayhavepositiveeffects.答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“...arecentpsychologicalresearchsupportstheideathattheyserveusefulpurposesinourlives...wemayenjoybetterphysicalandmentalhealth.”可知負面情緒可能有積極的影響。故選D項。3．Howdoestheauthorprovehisideainparagraph4?A．Byanalyzingcauses.B．Bygivingexamples.C．Bypresentingresearchresults.D．Bymakingdefinitions.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Consideranxiety.Wemayassume...oraninterviewifwelearntorelax.”可知作者在第四段中通過舉例證明了他的觀點。故選B項。4．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Thecausesofbadfeelings.B．Theevaluationofbadfeelings.C．Theconsequencesofbadfeelings.D．Thesuggestionsforhandlingbadfeelings.答案D解析段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ratherthanjudgingyourselftoughlyforbadfeelings，youmight...”可知本段主要講述了處理不良情緒的建議。故選D項。B(2023·浙江溫州十校聯(lián)合體高二上期中)Doyoulistentomusicatthegym?Today，mostgym-goersliketowearhead-phonesandlistentoself-selectedmusicwhilethey’redoingexercise.Whydosongsfrompersonalizedplaylistsseemtoincreasemotivationandmakeintenseexercisemoreenjoyablewhensomeoneiswalkingorjogging?Basedonpracticalexperience，arecentstudyprovidesnewevidencethatlisteningtomusicwhilerunningonatreadmill(跑步機)fightswithmentaltirednessandimprovesperformance.Accordingtoanewsrelease，thisstudyis“thefirsttoinvestigatetheeffectoflisteningtomusicplaylistsonlong-distancerunningcapacityandperformancewhenmentallytired”．ThesefindingswerepublishedonlineaheadofprintonJune22.Forthisstudy，researchersfromtheUniversityofEdinburghhadagroupofexperiencedrunnersdoahigh-intensity5-kilometretreadmillrunwithandwithoutself-selectedmotivationalmusicafterthey’dperformedaseriesofcognitive(認知的)examsdesignedtoputtheminamentallytiredstate.Theresearchersfoundthat“l(fā)isteningtoself-selectedmusicinamentallytiredstatereducesthenegativeimpactofmentaltirednessontheirrunningcapacityandperformance，potentiallyduetochangedperceptionofeffortwhenlisteningtomusic”．“Mentaltirednessisacommonoccurrenceformanyofusandcannegativelyimpactmanyofourday-to-dayactivities，includingexercise.Findingsafeandeffectivewaystoreducethisnegativeimpactis，therefore，useful，”ShaunPhillipsofEdinburgh’sMorayHouseSchoolsaidinthenewsrelease.“Thefindingsindicatethatlisteningtopersonalizedmotivationalmusicmaybeausefulstrategytohelpactivepeopleimprovetheirendurancerunningcapacityandperformancewhenmentallytired，”headded.“Thispositiveimpactofself-selectedmusiccouldhelppeopletobetterkeepthequalityandbeneficialimpactoftheirexercisesessions.”語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了在跑步時聽具有個性化的音樂可以幫助人們對抗精神疲勞，提高表現(xiàn)。5．What’sthefunctionofthequestionsinparagraph1?A．Tomakeacomparison.B．Toleadinthetopic.C．Tomakeaprediction.D．Toaskforinformation.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Basedonpracticalexperience，arecentstudyprovidesnewevidencethatlisteningtomusicwhilerunningonatreadmill(跑步機)fightswithmentaltirednessandimprovesperformance.”可推知，第一段提出的問題是為了引入本文所要討論的話題——跑步時聽音樂可以對抗精神疲勞，提高表現(xiàn)。故選B。6．Whatwastakenintoconsiderationintheexperimentdesign?A．Runners’cognitivelevels.B．Runners’mentalstates.C．Runners’runningability.D．Runners’musicpreference.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Forthisstudy，researchers...inamentallytiredstate.”可知，實驗是在跑步者精神狀態(tài)疲憊的情況下進行的。由此可知，設(shè)計實驗時考慮了跑步者的精神狀態(tài)。故選B。7．WhydoestheauthorquoteShaunPhillips’wordsinthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Todescribetheexperimentalprocess.B．Toexplorewaystoenhancesportsperformance.C．Tofurtherclarifytheresultofthefinding.D．Toexplaintheharmfuleffectsofmentaltiredness.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的“Theresearchersfoundthat‘listeningtoself-selectedmusic...whenlisteningtomusic’．”可推知，最后兩段引用ShaunPhillips說的話是為了進一步闡明研究結(jié)果。故選C。8．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Personalizedmusicmakesrunnerslesstired.B．Motivationalmusiccheersrunnersup.C．Self-selectedmusicmaintainslifequality.D．Self-selectedmusictreatsmentalillnesses.答案A解析主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其是最后一段可知，本文主要介紹了在跑步時聽具有個性化的音樂可以幫助人們對抗精神疲勞，提高表現(xiàn)，即個性化音樂讓跑步者不那么疲憊。故選A。CBoredomissuchalargepartofday-to-dayexistence.Perhapsbecauseit’scommoninourlives,scientistshavebeenslowtoexploreit.JohnEastwoodisoneofthefirstscholarstotakeaninterest.Oneofthemostcommonfalseviewsisthat“onlyboringpeoplegetbored”．YetasEastwoodsetaboutexploringthereasonsforboredom,hefoundthattherearetwodistincttypesofpersonalitythattendtosufferfromthefeelingofboredom,andneitherareparticularlydullthemselves.Boredomoftengoesamongpeoplewhoareconstantlylookingfornewexperiences.Forthesepeople,thesteadypathoflifejustisn’tenoughtoholdtheirattention.Thesecondkindofboredpeoplehavealmostexactlytheoppositeproblem:theworldisafearfulplace,andsotheytrynottostepoutsidetheircomfortzone.Whilethismightoffersomecomfort,theyarenotalwayssatisfiedwiththesafetyitoffersandboredomresults.Emotionsshouldevolveforourbenefit.“Theveryfactthatboredomisadailyexperiencesuggestsitshouldbedoingsomethinguseful，”saysHeatherLenchatTexasA&MUniversity.Feelingslikefearhelpusavoiddanger,afterall,whilesadnessmighthelppreventfuturemistakes.So,iftrue,whatdoesboredomachieve?Reviewingtheevidencesofar,Lenchsuspectsthatitliesbehindoneofourmostimportantcharacters—curiosity.Boredom,shesays,pushesustotrytoseeknewgoalsorexplorenewideaswhichstimulateinnovation(激發(fā)創(chuàng)新)．Eastwoodislessenthusiasticaboutboredom’sbenefits,butadmitsweshouldbecautiousaboutlookingforanimmediateescape.“Thefeelingissodisgustingthatpeoplerushtoremoveit，”hesays.“I’mnotgoingtojointhatwaronboredomandcomeupwithacure,becauseweneedtolistentotheemotionandaskwhatitistryingtotellustodo.”語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。文章圍繞“無聊”展開，講述了它的產(chǎn)生、影響以及專家對它的研究。9．WhatdoesJohnEastwood’sstudymainlyfocuson?A．Whypeoplegetbored.B．Thebenefitsofboredom.C．Howtodealwithboredom.D．Thetypesofboredom.答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“YetasEastwoodsetaboutexploringthereasonsforboredom”可知，JohnEastwood的研究是關(guān)于無聊的原因，即人們?yōu)槭裁磿械綗o聊。故選A。10．AccordingtoLench,boredom.A．wouldhelpusavoidmistakesB．cannotbecuredforthemomentC．mightbegoodforourcreativityD．couldmakeusgettiredandlosefocus答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Boredom,shesays,pushesustotrytoseeknewgoalsorexplorenewideaswhichstimulateinnovation(激發(fā)創(chuàng)新)．”可知，Lench認為無聊可能有助于激發(fā)我們的創(chuàng)造力。故選C。11．What’sEastwood’sattitudetowardsfindingacureforboredom?A．Curious. B．Optimistic.C．Objective. D．Uninterested.答案D解析觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段的“I’mnotgoingtojointhatwaronboredomandcomeupwithacure,becauseweneedtolistentotheemotionandaskwhatitistryingtotellustodo.”推知，Eastwood對尋找治療無聊的方法不感興趣，不想?yún)⑴c其中。故選D。12．Whatmessagecanbeconcludedfromthetext?A．Easiersaidthandone.B．Hardworkneverkilledaman.C．Practicemakesperfect.D．Everycoinhastwosides.答案D解析推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章圍繞“無聊”展開，講述了它的產(chǎn)生、影響以及專家對它的研究。再結(jié)合倒數(shù)第二段末句可知，雖然無聊是一個不好的體驗，但也有助于激發(fā)創(chuàng)新能力。由此推知，我們從本文可以明白“凡事都有兩面性”這個道理。故選D。Ⅱ.七選五(2022·江蘇泰州高二期末)Overtheyearsworkingasapsychologist,Ihavefoundthatthefollowinghabitsseemtobethemostimportantfordevelopingahappier,healthiermind.1Bynature,mostofusarecriticalofouremotions—especiallythedifficultones:Youfeelanxiousandafraidandthenimmediatelycriticizeyourselfforbeingweak.Thoughsomethingfeelsbad,itdoesn’tmeanitisbad.2Whenyourmusclesarepainfulafteragoodworkout,yourpainisasignofgrowthandhealth.Sometimespainishelpful.Byavoidingitortryingtogetridofit,youcouldbemakingthingsworseonyourself.Berealisticwithyourexpectations.Whenyoucreateanexpectationinyourhead—whichisreallyjustyouimaginingthethingyouwanttobetrue—itrelievessomeofthatanxietyanduncertaintyforthetimebeing.Butinreality,yourexpectationsaremerelyfictionsinyourownmind.Expectationshavetheirplace.3Ifyouwantacalmerandmorepeacefulmind,getintothehabitofcheckingonyoure