Unit+1+The+mass+media+Reading 譯林版(2020)高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

牛津譯林版高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修一課件Unit1ThemassmediaReading5Beacriticalnewsreader!制作者：桂東一中李宇平

內(nèi)容分析【W(wǎng)hat】本板塊話題為“做一名有判斷力的新聞讀者”，由兩篇新聞報(bào)道和一篇論說(shuō)文組成。兩則新聞是對(duì)亨德森大樓火災(zāi)的報(bào)道：第一篇強(qiáng)調(diào)了消防員面對(duì)火情反應(yīng)迅速，很快趕到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)并撲滅大火；第二篇側(cè)重用數(shù)據(jù)體現(xiàn)火災(zāi)之嚴(yán)重并給出火災(zāi)原因的初步調(diào)查結(jié)果。論說(shuō)文以兩篇報(bào)道為例，分析了基于同一事件的不同報(bào)道之間產(chǎn)生信息差異甚至互相矛盾的種種原因，并就如何批判性閱讀新聞報(bào)道給出了切實(shí)可行的建議。

【W(wǎng)hy】本板塊先給出兩篇新聞報(bào)道，然后對(duì)其進(jìn)行分析和討論，以此完成對(duì)“批判性閱讀新聞”這一主題的探討，旨在幫助我們清晰而深入地理解成為一名有判斷力的新聞讀者的目的和意義，并學(xué)會(huì)在實(shí)際生活中進(jìn)行實(shí)踐。如文中所說(shuō)，對(duì)待新聞信息需運(yùn)用自己的判斷力，而非盲目相信。本板塊的學(xué)習(xí)能夠培養(yǎng)我們的思維品質(zhì)，讓我們?cè)诔涑庵鞣N媒體信息的現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中學(xué)會(huì)批判性思考。

【How】本板塊的三個(gè)文本互相關(guān)聯(lián)，有機(jī)結(jié)合，整體服務(wù)于板塊話題。兩篇新聞報(bào)道結(jié)構(gòu)清晰、內(nèi)容翔實(shí)、語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)練，具有鮮明的新聞體裁特征。雖然講述的是同一事件，但標(biāo)題、日期、配圖等細(xì)節(jié)均體現(xiàn)了差異，為后面的論說(shuō)分析作鋪墊。報(bào)道中的用詞以及呈現(xiàn)事實(shí)性信息的方式則有助于我們掌握新聞報(bào)道的撰寫(xiě)技巧，為后面板塊的活動(dòng)作準(zhǔn)備。論說(shuō)文首先通過(guò)提問(wèn)的方式引發(fā)我們思考新聞信息差異的原因，并在例證過(guò)程中指導(dǎo)我們?nèi)绾闻行缘亻喿x新聞報(bào)道。文章分析層層深入，觀點(diǎn)明確，引證可信，不僅對(duì)我們培養(yǎng)批判性閱讀能力有著積極的指導(dǎo)意義，還能讓我們熟悉論說(shuō)文的文體特征?！艚虒W(xué)目標(biāo)Bytheendofthissection,wewillbeableto:1.identifythekeyinformationinthetwonewsreportsandthedifferencesbetweenthem;2.understandthereasonsforthedifferencesbetweennewsreportsandthewaystobeacriticalnewsreader;3.graspthelanguagefeaturesandwritingtechniquesofanewsreport;4.knowabouthowtobecomeagoodjournalist.Mostofuslearnaboutnewsthroughthemassmedia,butcanwejustbelievenewsasitispresented?Thetwonewsreportsandthearticlebelowencourageyoutobeacriticalnewsreader.Beforeyoureadthenewsreportsandthearticle,thinkaboutthefollowingquestions:1)Doyoubelieveeverythingyoureadinanewsreport?Whyorwhynot?present/pr??zent/v.（口頭或書(shū)面）表達(dá)，表示;描述;陳述

SometimesIdo,butitdepends.IfthenewsisreportedbyanewsagencythatIknowistrustworthy,thenIwillusuallybelievethereport.However,ifthenewsisfromasourcethatIamnotfamiliarwith,Iwilloftencheckothersourcestocomparetheinformationinthereports.Moreover,ifaheadlineseemstobetooexaggeratedtobetrue,thenIwillalsocheckothernewsreportstoconfirmwhetheritisatruestoryornot.

It(all)depends./Thatitdepends.那得看情況newsagency=pressagency通訊社服務(wù)/代理/經(jīng)銷機(jī)構(gòu)ex·ag·ger·ated/?ɡ?z?d??re?t?d/夸張的；夸大的；言過(guò)其實(shí)的;故作姿態(tài)的；矯揉造作的inflated2)Whatdoyouthinkmakesacriticalnewsreader?

Ithinkacriticalnewsreaderwouldalwaysbearinmind

thatanewsreportcanbegenuineorfake.Takingnoteofwhichnewsagencypublishedthenewsreportwouldhelpanewsreaderdecidewhetheritcontainsreliableinformation.bear/keepsb/sthinmind或bear/keepinmindthat...將…記在心中；記起；考慮genu·ine

/?d?enju?n/adj.真誠(chéng)的；誠(chéng)實(shí)的；可信賴的；fake

/fe?k/假的；冒充的；偽造的takenote(ofsth)注意到；將…銘記在心Acriticalnewsreaderisalsoawarethatdifferentnewsreportsmayhavedifferentfocuses,soheorshewouldsearchforvariousreportsonthesameeventtoformacompletepictureofwhathappened.Moreimportantly,acriticalreaderwouldnotbeeasilyinfluencedbywhatisreportedinthenews;instead,heorshewouldformhisorherownjudgement.picture(頭腦中的)影像；頭腦中的情景；記憶；印象10JulyFirefightersputouttowerblockfireFirefighters1._______(quick)put2.____theHendersonTowerfirelastnight.△3.____fire,4.______isthought5.______________(start)fromthe6.___________(eight)floor,7._______(spread)quicklythroughthetowerblock8.___Sundaynight,9._______(leave)peopleontheupperfloors10.________(trap).quicklyoutThewhichtohavestarted8th/eighthspreadonleavingtrapped

HendersonTower亨德森樓（虛構(gòu)大樓名）towerblock

(BrE)高層建筑；公寓大樓；辦公大樓leave使保留，讓…處于（某種狀態(tài)、某地等）△Fearsgrew1.____thenumberof2.______(death)couldreach5,accordingtofigures3.________(release)byemergencyservices.Fireenginesandambulances,4.______(call)at9:30p.m.,5._______(reach)thescenewithin15minutes.Bythistime,thefire6.____________(extend)tothe15thfloor.Firefightersgotthesituation7.______controlaround11p.m.△Thereisconcern8.____theconstructioncompanythatbuilt9.____towerblockhadnotfollowedfire10.______(safe)rules.thatdeathsreleasedcalledreachedhadextendedunderthatthesafetyemergencyservices[pl.](BrE)應(yīng)急服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)fireengine=firetruck消防車；救火車bring/get/keepsthundercontrol控制得住，抑制得?。ú辉斐蓳p害）11JulyLocalnewsA2Deadlyfireintowerblockcausesseriousdamage

△1.__terriblefirebroke2.____onSundaynight,3._______(leave)theHendersonTowerseriously4._________(damage).Emergencyservicesestimatethatthenumberofdeathscouldreach9.Bythismorning,4peoplehavebeenconfirmed5._____(die).Thefirehasalsoleft6._______(dozen)ofpeople7._______(injure),5of8.______are9.___acriticalcondition.outleavingdamagedAdeaddozensinjuredwhominLisaMayer,29,is1._______theluckyones2._____onlysufferedminor3._______(injury).Sherecalled,△“Iwasabouttohaveabath4.______Iheardpeople5.__________(scream)anddogsbarking.Ilookedoutsideandthesmokewaschokingme.Itwaslike6.____awfuldream.”LisaMayer/?li?s??me??(r)/莉薩·邁耶（女子名）amongwhoinjurieswhenscreamingan

MrPeterson,headofthefireservice,confirmsthata1.________(drop)cigaretteendonacarpetofthe8thfloorstartedthefireand2.____theautomaticfirealarmsdidnotgo3.____quicklyenough4.__________(prevent)thedisaster.Ateamis5.________(current)investigatingtheaccident6._______(far).droppedthatofftopreventcurrentlyfurtherPeterson/?pi?t?s?n/彼得森（姓）thefireservice消防署;消防部門(mén)cigaretteend=cigarettebutt香煙頭；煙蒂the8thfloor9樓groundfloor底層，底樓，一樓start使開(kāi)始發(fā)生;開(kāi)始發(fā)生;（使）發(fā)生，開(kāi)始進(jìn)行firealarm火警鐘；火警報(bào)警器gooff（警報(bào)器等）突然發(fā)出巨響ReadingnewsreportscriticallyWerely1.________news2.________(learn)about3._____ishappeningintheworldaroundus.4.________,weusuallyfindthatreports5.___thesameeventscontaindifferent6.___even7.____________(contradict)information.Howdothesedifferencescome8._______?on/upontolearn

whatHoweveronorcontradictoryaboutrelyon/uponsb./sth.依賴；依靠;信任；信賴

report(on/ofsth)報(bào)道comeabout(that...):tohappen發(fā)生Canyoutellmehowtheaccidentcameabout?你能告訴我事故是怎樣發(fā)生的嗎？△Itis1._________(advise)torememberthat2.____________(journal)mayhavedifferent3._________(priority),4.______wouldinfluence5._____theyreportanevent.Let’stakethetwonewsreportsontheHendersonTowerfire6.____anexample.Wecanseethatthefirstnewsreportpays7._____(much)attentiontotherescueefforts,8._____secondtalksmoreaboutdeathsandinjuries.Whenwereadmorethanonereport,wecometounderstandaneventin9.___morecomprehensiveway.ad·vis·able(todosth)/?d?va?z?bl/明智；可取advisablejournalistsprioritieswhichhowasmorewhilea

Evenifnewsreports1.__________(write)from2.________(basic)thesameperspective,theymaycontradicteachother3.___termsof4._______(fact)details,5.___eventsintherealworldareusually6.___________(complicate)andconstantly7.________(change).8.____instance,9.____numbersofdeathsdifferinthetwonewsreportsontheHendersonTowerfire.ba·sic·ally

/?be?s?kli/大體上；基本上;總的說(shuō)來(lái)；從根本上說(shuō)intermsof/in...terms談及；就…而言；在…方面arewrittenbasicallyinfactualascomplicatedchangingForthe

△Whenwecome1.______suchfactualdifferences,weshouldnotrushtothe2.__________(conclude)3._____oneofthenewsreports4._____(give)falseinformation.5._______,check6.______thereportswerewritten.Newsreports7._______(write)atdifferentstagesofaneventcouldcontaindifferentinformationasnewfacts8.___________(bring)tolight.acrossconclusionthatgivesInsteadwhenwrittenarebroughtrush/jump/leaptotheconclusionthat...匆忙下結(jié)論；貿(mào)然斷定stage

/ste?d?/（發(fā)展或進(jìn)展的）時(shí)期，階段，狀態(tài)

△Anotheraspectworthy1.___mentionis2.____journalistsmayapproachinformationtheygetfromresearchorinterviews3.__________(differ).4.________(suppose)emergencyservices’5._________(estimate)ofthenumberofdeathsvary6.________5and9.Journalistsmaychoose7._________(present)theminimum,themaximumorsomethinginbetweenintheirnewsreports.Therefore,8.________(check)differentsources9._______(enable)ustodrawamore10.________(inform)conclusion.of

thatdifferentlySupposeestimatesbetweentopresentcheckingenablesinformedinformed/?n?f??md/有根據(jù)的(消息來(lái)源);見(jiàn)多識(shí)廣的;了解情況的;明智的(猜測(cè)或決定)

inbetween

（空間或時(shí)間上）介于…之間Tosumup,itiswise1._______(read)newsreports2._______(write)fromvariousperspectivesandatdifferentstages,3.______bringsusa4._______________(accurate)understandingofasituation.Wealsoneedtobe5._______(critic)abouttheinformationwereceiveandremembernotto6._______(blind)trust7._____wehaveread.Thoughjournalistsarecommittedto8.__________(present)thetruth,itis9.______(good)touseourown10.____________(judge)thanrely11._______(entire)onnewsreports.Withgreatdiscrimination,everyoneofushasthepotential12._____(be)acriticalnewsreader.toread

writtenwhichmoreaccuratecriticalblindlywhatpresentingbetterjudgemententirelytobeA.UnderstandingthetextPage4A1.Readthetwonewsreportsandthearticleandcompletethetables.Probably5dead

(2)

Fireenginesandambulancesarrivedwithin15minutesafterbeingcalled;firefightersgotthesituationundercontrolaround11p.m.

(3)

Adroppedcigaretteendonacarpetofthe8thfloor

Journalistsmayhavedifferentpriorities.

Journalistsmayapproachinformationtheygetfromresearchorinterviewsdifferently.

Becriticalabouttheinformationwereceiveandremembernottoblindlytrustwhatwehaveread.A2.Readthetwonewsreportsandthearticleagaincarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions.Page41)Howlongdidittakethefirefighterstogetthesituationundercontrolaccordingtothefirstnewsreport?2)HowdidLisafeelaboutthefireaccordingtothesecondnewsreport?Aboutanhourandfifteenminutes.Shefeltitwaslikeanawfuldream.3)Whatshouldwenotdowhenwecomeacrossfactualdifferencesindifferentnewsreports?4)Whatmaydifferentjournalistsdowhenanestimateofanumberisgiven?Weshouldnotrushtotheconclusionthatoneofthenewsreportsgivesfalseinformation.Theymaychoosetopresenttheminimum,themaximumorsomethinginbetweenintheirnewsreports.A3.Inpairs,discussthefollowingquestions.Page41)Threetextsarepresentedtoencouragethereadertoreadnewscritically.Whyistheinformationorganizedthisway?Ifyouweretowriteonthesametopic,whatinformationwouldyouchoosetopresentandhowwouldyouorganizetheinformation?Theinformationisorganizedinalogicalwaysothatreadersunderstandtheauthor’sintentioneasily.First,readersarepresentedwiththetwonewsreports,sotheycancomparethedifferencesbetweenthetwoperspectives.Thenthethirdtextprovidesinformationandexplanationsregardingthesedifferences,sothatreadershaveaclearideawhytheyshouldbecriticalwhenreadingnewsreportsandhowtobecriticalnewsreaders.lo·gic·al

/?l?d??kl/adj.(行動(dòng)、事件等)必然的；合乎情理的；合乎常理的;符合邏輯的；按照邏輯的re·gard·ing

/r??ɡɑ?d??/prep.關(guān)于；至于

IfIweretowriteanarticleonthetopicofreadingnewsreportscritically,Iwouldfirstwriteashortpassageaboutwhyitisimportanttoreadnewsreportscriticallyandthenaskstudentstoreadtwodifferentnewsreportsaboutthesamestory.Afterthenewsreports,Iwouldpresentanothershortpassageonhowtobecomeacriticalnewsreader.Organizingtheinformationinthiswaywillgetstudentstothinkaboutthe“why”astheyarereadingthenewsreports.Thenafterreadingthe“how”passage,theycanreflectonwhethertheirreadingwascriticalornot.Studentscanthenre-readthenewsreportstoapplyboththe“why”andthe“how”knowledgetheynowhaveinordertopractisereadingcritically.

2)ABritishwriterandjournalistoncesaid,“Acommunityneedsnews,forthesamereasonthatamanneedseyes.Ithastoseewhereitisgoing.”Howdoyouunderstandit?

Inmyopinion,amanneedseyestocollectsufficientinformationfromaroundhimselfforhisjudgementandmovement.Inthesameway,acommunityalsoneedsnewsasthebestsourcetoprovideproperinformationforjudgementaboutitsdevelopment.So,itisclearthatnewsiscriticalforacommunity.suf·fi·cient/s??f??nt/足夠的；充足的反義詞：insufficient3)Whatelsecanwedotobecriticalnewsreaders?Wecandomoreresearchonthenewssource.Forexample,wecanfindoutmoreaboutthenewsagency,andthestandittakes.Wecouldreadorwatchothermaterialsfromthesourcesowecangetafurtherimpressionoftheperspectivetheirnewsusuallytakesandhowtrustworthyitseems.newsagency=pressagency通訊社stand

(onsth)/st?nd/n.態(tài)度；立場(chǎng)；觀點(diǎn)trust·worthy

/?tr?stw??ei/值得信任的；可信賴的；可靠的,=reliableB.BuildingyourlanguagePage5B1.Theblogpostbelowisabouthowtobeagoodjournalist.Completetheblogpostwiththecorrectformsofthewordsandphrasesintheboxbelow.accurateinvestigatebecommittedtosumupminorprioritydozensofcomeaboutSo,youareinterestedinbecomingagoodjournalistbutdon’tknowwheretostart?Well,thereareacoupleofthingsyoushouldputonyourlistof(1)_________.acoupleof:afewprioritiesFirstly,youneedtobeskilledatwriting.Theinformationinvolvedinacomplexstorymaycomefrom(2)_________sources.Goodjournalistsneedtoorganizeallthisinformationclearlytogivea(n)(3)_________accountofwhatishappening.Secondly,youmusthaveanaturalcuriosityaboutthingsthatarehappening,eventhoughtheymayappeartobe(4)_______matters.dozensofaccurateminorskilledin/at(doing)sth有技能的；熟練的in·volved(insth)/?n?v?lvd/參與；作為一部分；有關(guān)聯(lián);涉及的;專心于…的Whensomethingnewsworthy(5)____________,itmayescapetheattentionofordinarypeople;however,goodjournalistsaresensitiveenoughtonoticetheeventanddrawpublicattentiontoit.Finally,goodjournalists(6)________________revealingthetruth.AccordingtoNoamChomsky,“Thedutyofjournalistsistotellthetruth./?n???m?t??mski/comesaboutarecommittedtonews·worthy/?nju?zw??ei/有新聞價(jià)值的；值得報(bào)道的escape被忘掉；被忽視；未被注意Hernameescapesme.我記不起她的名字了。Journalismmeansyougobacktotheactualfacts,youlookatthedocuments,youdiscoverwhattherecordis,andyoureportitthatway.”Todothis,journalistsneedto(7)___________aneventthoroughly.To(8)_________,beingagoodjournalistrequireswritingskills,curiosityandcommitmenttofindingthetruth.Goodluck!investigatesumupgobacktosth.(停止一段時(shí)間后)回到(某任務(wù)、活動(dòng)等);回到(講座、討論、書(shū)等的某一點(diǎn))commitment(tosb/sth)/k??m?tm?nt/（對(duì)工作或某活動(dòng)）獻(xiàn)身，奉獻(xiàn)，投入

B2.Thenewsreportsandthearticleusethesamewordsasdifferentpartsofspeech.Findmorewordsusedthiswayinthenewsreportsandthearticle,andmakesentencesusingeachofthem.Emergencyservicesestimatethatthenumberofdeathscouldreach9.Supposeemergencyservices’estimatesofthenumberofdeathsvarybetween5and9.vary(withsth)/(fromsthtosth)/(betweenAandB)（根據(jù)情況）變化，變更，改變Classnumbersvarybetween25and30.班級(jí)的數(shù)目從25到30不等。Wordsusedasdifferentpartsofspeech:Deadlyfireintowerblockcausesseriousdamage.AterriblefirebrokeoutonSundaynight,leavingtheHendersonTowerseriouslydamaged.Readingnews

reportscriticallyItisadvisabletorememberthatjournalistsmayhavedifferentpriorities,whichwouldinfluencehowtheyreportanevent.Iestimated(that)theprojectwouldtakesixmonthstocomplete.However,myestimatewasincorrect;ittookoneyear.Thedamage

causedbythehurricanewasextensive.Theresidentswatchedhelplesslyasthestrongwindsandbigfloodsdamagedtheirhometown.Theweatherreportpredictedthatthisweekendwouldbesunny.Theweathermanwasreportingfromthelocalbeach.ex