鐵道概論 課件 3-機(jī)車

第二章電力機(jī)車第一節(jié)電力機(jī)車概述第二節(jié)電力機(jī)車工作原理及其組成第三節(jié)電力機(jī)車的基本參數(shù)第四節(jié)我國電力機(jī)車的發(fā)展

3.2ElectriclocomotiveSection1OverviewofElectricLocomotivesSection2ElectriclocomotiveworkingprincipleanditscompositionSection3BasicParametersofElectricLocomotivesSection4DevelopmentofElectricLocomotivesinChina第一節(jié)電力機(jī)車概述一、電力牽引的優(yōu)越性

1.電力機(jī)車與其它類型機(jī)車相比其主要優(yōu)點(diǎn):①單機(jī)功率大：由于機(jī)車上沒有牽引用的能源(發(fā)動機(jī)及其燃料)，使得同等機(jī)車功率下機(jī)車重量輕；同等機(jī)車重量下機(jī)車功率大。②過載能力強(qiáng)(爬坡性能好)：牽引電動機(jī)過載能力強(qiáng)，對坡道、氣溫、氣壓、缺水、高原地帶都有較強(qiáng)的適應(yīng)性。下坡道可方便地使用電阻制動或再生制動，提高列車下坡的平均速度(維持“限速”下坡)，從而提高鐵路線上困難區(qū)段的通過能力，提高運(yùn)能。OverviewofElectricLocomotiveI.

AdvantagesofelectrictractionComparedwithothertypesoflocomotive,themainadvantagesofelectriclocomotive:①Largesinglepower:Becausethereisnotractiononthelocomotiveenergy(theengineanditsfuel),itmakeslocomotivelightunderthesamelocomotivepower.②Overloadability(goodclimbingperformance):highoverloadcapacity,ithasastrongadaptabilitytotheramp,airtemperature,airpressure,water,plateauareas.Downhillcaneasilyusetheresistancebrakingorregenerativebraking,toimprovetheaveragespeedofthetraindownhill(tomaintain"speed"downhill),therebyenhancingthedifficultsectionoftherailwaylinethroughcapacityandimprovetransportcapacity.一、電力牽引的優(yōu)越性③能源寬廣、效率高，經(jīng)濟(jì)效益顯著:由于電網(wǎng)的電能來自大型的火電廠或水電站，因此電力機(jī)車總效率高，尤其水電比重大的地區(qū)更是如此。另外機(jī)車內(nèi)沒有發(fā)動機(jī)，設(shè)備簡單，檢修周期長，維修工作量少、整備時間短，所以運(yùn)營費(fèi)低。④勞動條件好：機(jī)車運(yùn)行中振動、噪聲小，不排出有害氣體，改善乘務(wù)員勞動條件。2.電力機(jī)車與其它類型機(jī)車相比其主要缺點(diǎn):

一次性投資費(fèi)用大。③Broadenergy,highefficiency,significanteconomicbenefits:Becausetheelectricpowerofthepowergridcomesfromalargepowerplantorahydropowerstation,thetotalefficiencyoftheelectriclocomotiveishigh,especiallyinareaswherewaterandelectricityoccupylargesectorsofpowersupply.Inaddition,thereisnolocomotiveengine,simpleequipment,longmaintenancecycle,lessmaintenance,shortsetuptime,sotheoperationcostislow.④Goodworkingcondition:smallvibrationandnoise,noharmfulgas,whichcanimprovetheworkingconditionsofthecrewgreatly.2Electriclocomotivesandothertypesoflocomotivescomparedtoitsmainshortcomings:one-timeinvestmentcostishigh.

二、電力機(jī)車的分類電力機(jī)車一般是按照電力機(jī)車的供電電流制及所采用的牽引電動機(jī)型式來分類。直流與交流制供電的電氣化鐵道上使用的電力機(jī)車分別為直流電力機(jī)車和交流電力機(jī)車。

1.直流電力機(jī)車牽引運(yùn)行時，由電網(wǎng)獲得直流電、使直流牽引電動機(jī)工作，驅(qū)動機(jī)車運(yùn)行。該機(jī)車結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，控制方便，易于維修，運(yùn)用也比較可靠，而且容易實(shí)現(xiàn)再生制動。其缺點(diǎn)是接觸網(wǎng)電壓不高(一般為1500－3000V)，送電距離受到限制、變電所數(shù)目多，接觸網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜、笨重。II.

ClassificationofelectriclocomotiveElectriclocomotivesaregenerallyclassifiedaccordingtothesupplycurrentoftheelectriclocomotiveandthetypeoftractionmotorused.DCandACpowersupplyofelectriclocomotiveusedontheelectriclocomotiveareDCelectriclocomotiveandACelectriclocomotive.1DCelectriclocomotive1.

Duringtractionoperation,fromthegridtoobtaindirectcurrent,theDCtractionmotorwork,drivelocomotiveoperation.Thelocomotivehastheadvantagesofsimplestructure,convenientcontrol,easymaintenance,reliableoperation,andeasyrealizationofregenerativebraking.Thedisadvantageisthecatenaryvoltagewhichisnothigh(generally15003000V),thetransmissiondistanceislimited;thesubstationnumberandcontactnetworkstructureiscomplicatedandbulky.

二、電力機(jī)車的分類2、交流電力機(jī)車按接觸網(wǎng)的供電頻率不同分為單相低頻制和單相工頻制兩種。①單相低頻電力機(jī)車的牽引電動機(jī)是單相整流子電機(jī)，機(jī)車直接從接觸網(wǎng)獲取單相低頻(25Hz或162/3Hz)交流電使?fàn)恳妱訖C(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)、機(jī)車牽引運(yùn)行。這種供電系統(tǒng)的電壓一般為11～15KV，有效地克服了直流制電力牽引的不足，而且單相整流子牽引電動機(jī)性能也適合鐵路運(yùn)輸?shù)囊?。缺點(diǎn)是供電頻率與工業(yè)用電不同，因而需要建造專用的發(fā)電廠，或在工業(yè)電力系統(tǒng)與鐵道供電系統(tǒng)之間設(shè)置復(fù)雜的變頻設(shè)備。2ACelectriclocomotiveAccordingtothepowersupplyfrequencyofthecontactnetwork,thepowersupplyfrequencyisdividedintotwotypes;singlephaselowfrequencysystemandsinglephasepowerfrequencysystem.①Tractionmotorofsingle-phaselow-frequencyissingle-phasecommutatormotor.Thelocomotiveobtainsthesingle-phaselowfrequency(25Hzor162/3Hz)alternatingcurrentdirectlyfromthecontactnetworktomakethetractionmotorrunandthelocomotivetractionrun.Thevoltageofpowersupplysystemis11~15KV,effectivelyovercomesthedisadvantagesofDCtractionpowersupplysystem,andthesingle-phasecommutatortractionmotorperformanceisalsosuitableforthedemandsofrailwaytransport.Thedisadvantageisthatthefrequencyofpowersupplyisdifferentfromthatofindustrialpower,soitneedstobuildadedicatedpowerplant,ortosetupcomplexfrequencyconversionequipmentbetweentheindustrialpowersystemandtherailwaypowersupplysystem.

二、電力機(jī)車的分類②單相工頻交流制自五十年代以來，發(fā)展很快。最初的單相工頻交流制使用的是整流器式電力機(jī)車，它由接觸網(wǎng)受入單相交流電，經(jīng)機(jī)車內(nèi)的整流器整流后，供給直流(脈流)牽引電動機(jī)進(jìn)行工作，接觸網(wǎng)供電電壓一般為20～25KV。這種機(jī)車既采用了高壓交流供電，又采用了性能良好的直流牽引電機(jī)，且供電系統(tǒng)與工業(yè)系統(tǒng)頻率相同，故具有更大的優(yōu)越性②Single-phaseACfrequencysystemhasdevelopedrapidlysince50s.Theoriginalsystemisusedinsingle-phaseACrectifierelectriclocomotive.Itisfromthecatenaryintosingle-phasealternatingcurrenttosupplyDC(pulse)tractionmotortoworkafterrectificationinthelocomotiverectifier.ThepowersupplyvoltageofOCSisgenerally20~25KV.ThelocomotivenotonlyadoptsthehighvoltageACpowersupply,butalsohasagoodperformanceofDCtractionmotor,andthepowersupplysystemandindustrialsystemfrequencyisthesame,soithasgreatersuperiority.\

三、電力機(jī)車發(fā)展概況

我國電力機(jī)車的研制和生產(chǎn)從1958年開始，其發(fā)展可分為個階段：

1.起步階段（～70年代末）：在仿制國外機(jī)車的基礎(chǔ)上，生產(chǎn)出韶山型客貨兩用交直電力機(jī)車。

2.發(fā)展階段（70年代末至80年代末）：我國研制成功自己的相控電力機(jī)車，機(jī)車功率進(jìn)一步提高，代表車型SS3、SS4型。其中，SS3electriclocomotive采用級間調(diào)壓方式，SS4electriclocomotive則是我國自行研制的第一代全相控大功率電力機(jī)車。

3.提高階段（自80年代末開始～今）：在消化吸收引進(jìn)機(jī)車技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上，對已開發(fā)的機(jī)車進(jìn)行了技術(shù)改造，并結(jié)合我國傳統(tǒng)的牽引電機(jī)并聯(lián)的主電路形式，相繼開發(fā)SS5、SS8、SS6B、SS7等型號的電力機(jī)車。IIIDevelopmentofelectriclocomotivesChina'selectriclocomotivedevelopmentandproductionbeganfrom1958,itsdevelopmentcanbedividedintostages:

1.Theinitialstage(~thelate1970s):IntheimitationofforeignlocomotivesonthebasisoftheproductionofShaoshanpassengerandfreightdual-useelectriclocomotives.

2.Developmentstage(late1970stothelate1980s):Chinahasdevelopeditsownphasecontrolelectriclocomotive,furtherimprovedlocomotivepower,representativemodelswereSS3,SS4.Amongthem,SS3electriclocomotivesusedinter-stagevoltageregulator,SS4typeelectriclocomotiveisthefirstgenerationofallphasecontrolhigh-powerelectriclocomotivedevelopedbyChina.

3.Improvementstage(fromthelate80stothepresent):afterthedigestionandabsorptionofimportedlocomotivetechnology,thedevelopedlocomotivehasbeentechnicaltransformation,combinedwiththeformofthemaincircuitoftraditionaltractionmotor,ChinahasdevelopedSS5,SS8,SS6B,SS7andothermodelsofelectriclocomotives.

第二節(jié)電力機(jī)車工作原理及其組成1、電力機(jī)車的工作原理

電力機(jī)車運(yùn)行時，受電弓升起，從接觸網(wǎng)上取得25KV單相工頻交流電，通過主斷路器進(jìn)入牽引變壓器，將接觸網(wǎng)的高壓交流電變?yōu)榈蛪航涣麟?，然后?jīng)過硅整流裝置將交流電整成直流電，再經(jīng)平波電抗器濾波后，供給牽引電動機(jī)。牽引電動機(jī)旋轉(zhuǎn)帶動車軸和車輪轉(zhuǎn)動，由于輪軌間的粘著作用從而產(chǎn)生牽引力使列車前進(jìn)。牽引電動機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速不同，機(jī)車的運(yùn)行速度就不同。電動機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)向改變，機(jī)車的運(yùn)行方向也隨之改變。牽引電動機(jī)還可做發(fā)電機(jī)運(yùn)行，將列車運(yùn)行的機(jī)械能變?yōu)殡娔?，進(jìn)行電阻制動。

III.Workingprincipleandcompositionofelectriclocomotive1.WorkingprincipleandcompositionofelectriclocomotiveWhentheelectriclocomotiveruns,thepantographrises,obtainsthe25KVsingle-phasepowerfrequencyalternatingcurrentfromthecontactline,andentersthetractiontransformerthroughthemaincircuitbreaker,andthehigh-voltagealternatingcurrentofthecontactnetworkischangedintolow-voltagealternatingcurrent,passesthesiliconrectifyingdevice,theACisrectifiedintodirectcurrent,andthepowersupplyissuppliedtothetractionmotorafterthefilteringofthesmoothingreactor.Thetractionmotorrotatestodrivetheaxleandthewheeltorotate,becauseoftheadhesionbetweenthewheelandrail,thetractionforcecausesthetraintomoveforward.Thespeedoftractionmotorisdifferent,andtherunningspeedofthelocomotiveisdifferent.Electricmotorchangesdirectionandtherunningdirectionofthelocomotivearechanged,too.Thetractionmotorcanalsobeusedasageneratortorun,andthemechanicalenergyofthetraincanbechangedintoelectricenergy,andtheresistancebrakingiscarriedout.

第二節(jié)電力機(jī)車工作原理及其組成2、電力機(jī)車的組成電力機(jī)車是由機(jī)械部分、電氣部分和空氣管路三部分組成的。機(jī)械部分包括車體、轉(zhuǎn)向架、車體和轉(zhuǎn)向架的連接裝置和牽引緩沖裝置。電氣部分包括機(jī)車上的各種電氣設(shè)備及其連接導(dǎo)線。電氣設(shè)備主要有受電弓、主斷路器、牽引變壓器、硅整流裝置、平波電抗器、牽引電動機(jī)和制動電阻柜等。為了保證機(jī)車的正常運(yùn)行，機(jī)車上還有許多輔助電氣設(shè)備和控制電器?？諝夤苈废到y(tǒng)包括空氣制動機(jī)管路系統(tǒng)、控制氣路系統(tǒng)和輔助氣路系統(tǒng)三部分，分別實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)車的空氣制動、機(jī)車上各種設(shè)備的風(fēng)動控制，并向各種風(fēng)動器械供風(fēng)。

2. CompositionofelectriclocomotiveTheelectriclocomotiveiscomposedofthreeparts,whicharethemechanicalpart,theelectricpartandtheairpipe.Machinepartincludescarbody,bogie,connectiondeviceandtractionbufferdeviceofcarbodyandbogie.Theelectricalpartincludesallkindsofelectricalequipmentonthelocomotiveandtheconnectingwire.Theelectricalequipmentmainlyhasthepantograph,themaincircuitbreaker,thetractiontransformer,thesiliconrectifyingdevice,theflatwavereactor,thetractionmotorandthebrakeresistancecabinetandsoon.Inordertoensurethenormaloperationofthelocomotive,therearemanyauxiliaryelectricalequipmentandcontrolelectricalequipmentonthelocomotiveTheairpipesystemincludesthreeparts,theairbrakepipesystem,pneumaticcontrolsystemandauxiliarygassystem,whichhelptorealizepneumaticairbrake,locomotiveonvariousequipmentcontrol,andairsupplytoallkindsofpneumaticequipment.

第三節(jié)電力機(jī)車的基本參數(shù)(二)速度機(jī)車牽引一定重量的車列運(yùn)行時，在同一功率下，其速度隨線路縱斷面的變化而變化，其中特征速度有三個，即:

1、機(jī)車最大運(yùn)用速度：是設(shè)計機(jī)車時給定的最大速度，根據(jù)這個速度確定走行部的結(jié)構(gòu)和參數(shù),校驗(yàn)曲線通過以及選用制動方式等。

2、機(jī)車計算速度：機(jī)車牽引規(guī)定重量的車列通過限制坡道的最低運(yùn)行速度稱為機(jī)車計算速度?；蛘哒f，用以計算機(jī)車牽引重量的速度叫做機(jī)車計算速度。

3、機(jī)車的持續(xù)速度：機(jī)車在全功率工況下，其冷卻裝置的能力所能容許的持續(xù)運(yùn)行的最低速度叫機(jī)車的持續(xù)速度。對電力機(jī)車來說，機(jī)車持續(xù)速度是指機(jī)車在全功率下，以持續(xù)電流工作時的機(jī)車速度。2SpeedUnderthesamepower,thespeedvarieswiththechangeofthelongitudinalsectionoftherailway,andtherearethreecharacteristicsofspeed.①Locomotivemaximumspeed:Thedesignofthemaximumspeedofthelocomotiveisaccordingtothisspeedandparametersoftheline,thecalibrationcurve,aswellasthechoiceofbraking.②

Locomotivecalculationspeed:TheminimumoperatingspeedoftherampthatLocomotivetractionprovidesfortheweightofthetrainthroughtherestrictedrampisknownasthelocomotivecalculationspeed.③Thecontinuousspeedofthelocomotive:theminimumspeedofthecontinuousrunningofthelocomotiveunderthefullpowercondition,whichisallowedbythecoolingdevice,isthespeedofthelocomotive.Forelectriclocomotive,thelocomotivespeedisthespeedofthelocomotiveinthewholepower,inordertocontinuethecurrentoperationofthelocomotive.

第三節(jié)電力機(jī)車的基本參數(shù)(三)牽引力電力機(jī)車的三個特征牽引力系指起動牽引力、計算牽引力和持續(xù)牽引力。

1、起動牽引力：機(jī)車起動時所能發(fā)出的最大牽引力叫起動牽引力。為防止車輪發(fā)生空轉(zhuǎn)，起動牽引力要低于起動時的粘著牽引力，同時起動牽引力要保證列車能在限制坡道上起動。對電力機(jī)車來說，起動牽引力也可能受起動電流的限制。

2、計算牽引力：在全功率工況下，對應(yīng)機(jī)車計算速度下的牽引力稱為計算牽引力。計算牽引力受計算速度下的機(jī)車粘著的限制。

3、持續(xù)牽引力：機(jī)車在全功率工況下運(yùn)行時，對應(yīng)持續(xù)速度的牽引力稱為持續(xù)牽引力。3.TractionforceThreecharacteristicsoftheelectriclocomotivetractionsystemrefertothestartingtraction,calculatedtractionandsustainedtraction.①

Startingtraction:Themaximumtractionforcethatcanbeissuedatthestartofthelocomotiveiscalledthestartingtractionforce.Topreventthewheelidling,startingtractiveforceislowerthantheadhesionwhenstartingtraction,whilestartingtractiveforceshouldensurethetraincanstartintheramplimit.Forelectriclocomotive,thestartingtractionforcemayalsobelimitedbythestartingcurrent.②

Calculatedtraction:Infullpowerconditions,thecorrespondinglocomotivespeedoftractioniscalculatedasthetractionforce.Calculatingtractionislimitedbythelocomotivestickingatthecalculatedspeed.③Sustainedtraction:Locomotiverunningatfullpowerconditions,thecorrespondingsustainedtractionforceiscalledcontinuoustraction.

中國最早使用電力機(jī)車在1914年，是撫順煤礦使用的1500V直流電力機(jī)車。1958年中國成功地生產(chǎn)出第一臺電力機(jī)車，從采用引燃管整流器到硅整流器，機(jī)車性能不斷改進(jìn)和提高，到1968年制成韶山l型（SS1型）131號時已基本定型。截止到1989年停止生產(chǎn)，SS1electriclocomotive總共制造了926臺，成為中國電氣化鐵路干線的首批主型機(jī)車。1966年SS2型機(jī)車制成，1978年研制成功的SS3型機(jī)車，不僅改善了牽引性能，還把機(jī)車的小時功率從4200kW提高到4800kW，截止到1997年底，共生產(chǎn)了987臺，成為中國第二種主electriclocomotive。1985年又研制成功了SS4型8軸貨運(yùn)電力機(jī)車，它是國產(chǎn)電力機(jī)車中功率最大的一種（6400kW），已成為中國重載貨運(yùn)的主型機(jī)車。第四節(jié)我國電力機(jī)車的發(fā)展

China'searliestuseofelectriclocomotivesisin1914,Fushuncoalmineused1500VDCelectriclocomotive.In1958,Chinasuccessfullyproducedthefirstelectriclocomotive;fromtheuseofpilotrectifiertosiliconrectifier,locomotiveperformancecontinuestoimprove.In1968Shaoshanl(SS1type)131hasbeenbasicallystereotypes.Bytheendof1989,SS1isstoppedtoproduce,SS1electriclocomotivesmanufacturedatotalof926units,becomingChina'sfirstelectrifiedrailwaymainlocomotive.In1966SS2locomotiveismade;in1978,SS3locomotiveissuccessfullymade,whichnotonlyimprovedthetractionperformance,butalsoincreasedlocomotivehourpowerfrom4200kWto4800kW;bytheendof1997,SS3hadbeenproducedatotalof987units,becomingChina'ssecondElectriclocomotive.In1985,SS48-axlefreightelectriclocomotiveissuccessfullydeveloped.ItisthemostpowerfulelectriclocomotiveinChina(6400kW)andhasbecomethemainlocomotiveofheavy-dutyfreighttransportationinChina.IVDevelopmentofElectricLocomotivesinChina

我國電力機(jī)車的發(fā)展以后又陸續(xù)研制成功了SS5、SS6和SS7electriclocomotive。1994年研制成功了時速為160km的準(zhǔn)高速四軸電力機(jī)車等。至此，中國干線電力機(jī)車已基本形成了4，6，8軸和3200kW、4800kW和6400kW功率系列。1999年5月26日，中國株洲電力機(jī)車廠生產(chǎn)出第一臺時速超過200km的DDJ1型“子彈頭”電力機(jī)車（大白鯊），標(biāo)志著中國鐵路電力牽引已躋身于國際高速列車的行列Later,SS5,SS6andSS7electriclocomotivesweresuccessfullydeveloped.In1994,Chinasuccessfullydevelopedaspeedof160kmquasi-high-speedfour-axiselectriclocomotives.Atthispoint,theChinesetrunkelectriclocomotivehasbeenbasicallyformed4,6,8-axisand3200kW,4800kWand6400kWpowerseries.OnMay26,1999,ChinaZhuzhouElectricLocomotiveWorksproducedthefirstDDJ1"bullet"electriclocomotive(Jaws)

withspeedofmorethan200km,markingtheChineserailwaypowertractionhasbeenamongtheranksoftheinternationalhigh-speedtrain.

中國第一臺干線鐵路電力機(jī)車中國電力機(jī)車的研制開始于1958年。當(dāng)時的鐵道部田心機(jī)車車輛工廠，也就是現(xiàn)在的株洲電力機(jī)車工廠在協(xié)助湘潭電機(jī)廠制造工礦電力機(jī)車的同時，設(shè)計并試制鐵路干線電力機(jī)車。1958年初，鐵道部、第一機(jī)械工業(yè)部組織考察團(tuán)赴蘇聯(lián)考察學(xué)習(xí)。當(dāng)時，蘇聯(lián)基本定型的是使用20千伏工頻單相交流制的Н60electriclocomotive，與中國決定采用的25千伏工頻單相交流制不盡相同，于是對Н60electriclocomotive進(jìn)行了大膽地技術(shù)改造，其中重大修改達(dá)78處。

1958年12月28日，中國第一臺干線鐵路電力機(jī)車試制成功，命名為6Y1型。“6”指機(jī)車有6根車軸（6對車輪），“Y”則是引燃管（一種整流方式）的“引”字漢語拼音首字母。機(jī)車持續(xù)功率3410kW，最高速度100km/h。

China'sfirsttrunkrailwayelectriclocomotiveThedevelopmentofChina'selectriclocomotivesbeganin1958.Atthattime,theMinistryofRailwaysTianxinlocomotivevehiclefactory,whichisnowZhuzhouElectricLocomotiveFactory,ishelpingXiangtanElectricFactorytomanufactureindustrialelectriclocomotives;atthesametime,itdesignedandtrialedtoproducerailwaytrunkelectriclocomotive.Inearly1958,theMinistryofrailwaysandthefirstMinistryofmachineryindustrydelegationvisitedtheSovietUniontostudy.Atthattime,thebasicdesignoftheSovietUnionistheuseof20kilovoltfrequencysingle-phaseACsystemН60electriclocomotive,whichisdifferentfromthe25-kilovoltfrequencysingle-phaseACsystemChinadecidedtouse,sotheН60electriclocomotiveboldTomajortechnologicalchanges,ofwhich78majorchanges.ThenChinabegantotransformthe60electriclocomotive,ofwhichtherewere78majorchanges.OnDecember28,1958,China'sfirsttrunkrailwayelectriclocomotivesuccessfullytrialed,named6Y1."6"referstothelocomotivehassixaxles(6pairsofwheels),"Y"isapilottube(arectifier)"cited"ChinesePinyininitials.Locomotivesustainedpoweris3410kW,themaximumspeedis100km/h.

Shaoshan1electriclocomotive1968年，經(jīng)過對6Y1型10年的研究改進(jìn)，在中國半導(dǎo)體工業(yè)發(fā)展的條件下，將引燃管整流改為大功率半導(dǎo)體整流，試制出韶山1electriclocomotive，代號SS1。1969年開始批量生產(chǎn)，到1988年止，共生產(chǎn)826臺。機(jī)車持續(xù)功率3780kW，最大速度90km/h，車長19400mm，軸式C0-C0，電流制為單相工頻交流。韶山1electriclocomotive獲全國科學(xué)大會獎。

SS1electriclocomotive是我國第一代(有級調(diào)壓、交直傳動)電力機(jī)車

Shaoshan1

electriclocomotiveIn1968,after10yearsofresearchontheimprovementof6Y1,underthesemiconductorindustryconditions,Chinaignitedtherectificationforhighpowersemiconductorrectifier,producedShaoshan1electriclocomotive,codenamedSS1.In1969,massproductionofSS1began;Bytheendof1988,therewereatotalof826productionunits.Locomotivesustainedpoweris3780kW,maximumspeedis90km/h,lengthis19400mm,axisisC0-C0,thecurrentsystemisthesingle-phasepowerfrequencyAC.Shaoshan1electriclocomotivewontheNationalScienceConferenceAward.SS1electriclocomotiveisChina'sfirstgeneration(aregulator,cross-drive)electriclocomotive

SS1electriclocomotive

Shaoshan1

electriclocomotive

韶山2electriclocomotive1966年，株洲電力機(jī)車研究所和株洲電力機(jī)車工廠開始韶山2electriclocomotive的設(shè)計工作，于1969年在株洲工廠設(shè)計試制出第一臺機(jī)車試驗(yàn)車，代號SS2。采用高壓側(cè)調(diào)壓開關(guān)32級調(diào)壓，硅整流器整流，800kw，6級低壓脈流牽引電動機(jī)，并大量采用了其他先進(jìn)技術(shù)。后經(jīng)兩次改造，于1978年投入試運(yùn)行。

SS2雖然由于個別技術(shù)不能配套，未能批量生產(chǎn)，但它為SS1機(jī)車改進(jìn)，以及其他型號機(jī)車、動車的設(shè)計生產(chǎn)積累了寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn)。機(jī)車持續(xù)功率達(dá)到4620kW，最大速度100km/h，車長20000mm，軸式C0-C0，電流制為單相工頻交流。Shaoshan2

electriclocomotiveIn1966,ZhuzhouElectricLocomotiveResearchInstituteandZhuzhouElectricLocomotiveFactorystartedthedesignworkofShaoshan2electriclocomotive.In1969,thefirstlocomotivetestcarisdesignedandmanufacturedinZhuzhoufactory,codeSS2.

SS2usedhigh-pressuresideoftheregulator32-stagevoltageregulator,rectifiersiliconrectifier,800kw,6low-voltagepulsetractionmotor,andextensivelyusedotheradvancedtechnology.Aftertwicetransformation,in1978itputintotrialoperation.Duetotheindividualtechnologycouldnotbematched,SS2failedtomassproduction,butithasaccumulatedvaluableexperience

fortheimprovementofSS1locomotive,aswellasothermodelsoflocomotives,EMUdesignandproduction.Thelocomotivecontinuedpowerreached4620kW,themaximumspeedis100km/h,lengthis20000mm,axialisC0-C0,currentsystemissingle-phaseAC.

SS2

electriclocomotive

韶山3型客貨兩用干線電力機(jī)車

SS3electriclocomotive是我國第二代(級間相控調(diào)壓、交直傳動)客貨用大功率電力機(jī)車。株洲電力機(jī)車工廠1978年設(shè)計試制出廠。1989年開始批量生產(chǎn)至今。該車采用大功率硅整流管和晶閘管組成的不等分三段橋式全波整流電路，晶閘管相控平滑調(diào)壓和補(bǔ)償繞組的脈沖串勵四極牽引電動機(jī)。機(jī)車具有恒流起動、準(zhǔn)恒速運(yùn)行、加饋電阻制動、防滑防空轉(zhuǎn)及軸重轉(zhuǎn)移電氣補(bǔ)償?shù)忍匦?，起動平穩(wěn)、加速度大、牽引性能好、制動特性優(yōu)越、性能可靠。獲國家科技進(jìn)步二等獎、國家優(yōu)質(zhì)產(chǎn)品獎。機(jī)車功率持續(xù)4350kW，最大速度100km/h，車長20200mm，軸式C0-C0，電流制為單相工頻交流。Shaoshan3dual-uselineelectriclocomotiveSS3electriclocomotiveisChina'ssecondgeneration(inter-phasephase-controlledvoltage,cross-drive)passengerandcargopowerlocomotives.Zhuzhouelectriclocomotivefactoryin1978trialedanddesigned.In1989massproductionbegan.Thecarusedhigh-powersiliconrectifierandunequalthree-stagebridgefull-waverectifiercircuit,thyristorphasesmoothingcontrolandcompensationwindingpulseexcitationquadrupoletractionmotor.Thelocomotivehasthecharacteristicsofconstantcurrentstarting,quasi-constantspeedrunning,feedingresistancebraking,anti-skidanti-idlingandaxle-weighttransferringelectricalcompensationandsoon.Ithasstablestart,highacceleration,goodtractionperformanceandreliableperformance.ItwontheNationalScienceandTechnologyProgressAward,theStateQualityProductAward.Locomotivecontinuedpoweris4620kW,,themaximumspeedis100km/h,vehiclelengthis20000mm,axisisC0-C0,thecurrentsystemisthesingle-phasepowerfrequencyAC.SS3electriclocomotive

韶山3B型重載貨運(yùn)電力機(jī)車韶山3B型重載貨運(yùn)電力機(jī)車，代號SS3B。株洲電力機(jī)車廠2002年在SS系列機(jī)車的設(shè)計平臺上開發(fā)的一種12軸重載貨運(yùn)電力機(jī)車。該車由兩節(jié)完全相同的6軸電力機(jī)車通過內(nèi)重聯(lián)環(huán)節(jié)連接組成，每節(jié)車為一完整系統(tǒng)。機(jī)車功率持續(xù)2×4350kW，最大速度100km/h，車長2×20200mm，軸式2（C0-C0），電流制為單相工頻交流。Shaoshan3BheavydutyfreightelectriclocomotiveShaoshan3Bheavydutyfreightelectriclocomotive,codeSS3B.ZhuzhouElectricLocomotiveWorksin2002developeda12-axisheavy-loadfreightelectriclocomotiveontheSSserieslocomotivedesignplatform.Thevehicleconsistsoftwoidentical6-axleelectriclocomotiveswereconnectedthroughtheinternalreconnectionlink,eachcarisacompletesystem.Locomotivecontinuedpoweris2×4350kW,,themaximumspeedis100km/h,vehiclelengthis2×20000mm,axis

is2（C0-C0）,thecurrentsystem

isthesingle-phasepowerfrequencyAC.SS3BelectriclocomotiveSSJ3electriclocomotive

韶山4型干線貨運(yùn)電力機(jī)車韶山4型干線貨運(yùn)電力機(jī)車，代號SS4。株洲電力機(jī)車工廠1985年設(shè)計試制的8軸貨運(yùn)電力機(jī)車。由各自獨(dú)立又互相聯(lián)系的兩節(jié)車組成，每節(jié)車均為一個完整的系統(tǒng)。主電路采用四段經(jīng)濟(jì)半控橋，相控調(diào)壓。獲國家科技進(jìn)步一等獎。機(jī)車功率持續(xù)6400kW，最大速度100km/h，車長2×15200mm，軸式2（B0-B0），電流制為單相工頻交流。

該機(jī)車牽引及制動功率大、起動平穩(wěn)、加速快、工作可靠、司機(jī)室工作條件良好、污染少、維修簡便。Shaoshan4trunkfreightlocomotive,codeSS4.Zhuzhouelectriclocomotivefactoryin1985designedSS4,the8-axiselectriclocomotive.Itiscomposedbytherespectiveindependentandinterrelatedtwocars,eachcarisacompletesystem.Themaincircuitadoptedfoursectionseconomichalf-controlledbridge,phase-controlledvoltageregulator.Itwonthenationalscientificandtechnologicalprogressaward.locomotivecontinuedpoweris6400kW,themaximumspeedis100km/h,lengthis2×15200mm,axisis2(B0-B0),thecurrentsystemisthesingle-phaseACfrequency.

Thetractionandbrakingpowerofthelocomotiveislarge,thestartingisstable,thespeedisfast,theworkisreliable,theworkingconditionofthecabisgood,thepollutionislittle,andthemaintenanceissimple.Shaoshan4trunkfreightlocomotiveSS4electriclocomotiveSS4Celectriclocomotive

韶山4改進(jìn)electriclocomotive韶山4改進(jìn)electriclocomotive，代號SS4。是在SS4、SS5和SS6electriclocomotive的基礎(chǔ)上，吸收了8K機(jī)車一些先進(jìn)技術(shù)設(shè)計的。機(jī)車由各自獨(dú)立的又互相聯(lián)系的兩節(jié)車組成，每一節(jié)車均為一完整的系統(tǒng)。它電路采用三段不等分半控調(diào)壓整流電路。采用轉(zhuǎn)向架獨(dú)立供電方式，且每臺轉(zhuǎn)向架有相應(yīng)獨(dú)立的相控式主整流器，可提高粘著利用。機(jī)車功率持續(xù)6400kW，最大速度100km/h，車長2×15200mm，軸式2（B0-B0），電流制為單相工頻交流。

Shaoshan4improved

electriclocomotiveShaoshan4improvedelectriclocomotive,codeSS4.BasedontheSS4,SS5andSS6electriclocomotives,itabsorbedsomeadvancedtechnologydesignof8Klocomotives.Itiscomposedbytherespectiveindependentandinterrelatedtwocars,eachcarisacompletesystem.Itusesthreeunequalhalf-controlledrectifierregulatorcircuit.Theindependentpowersupplymodeofthebogieisadopted,andeachbogiehasacorrespondingindependentphasecontrolledmainrectifier,whichcanimprovetheadhesionutilization.locomotivecontinuedpoweris6400kW,themaximumspeedis100km/h,lengthis2×15200mm,axisis2(B0-B0),thecurrentsystemisthesingle-phaseACfrequency.SS4Gelectriclocomotive韶山4B型干線貨運(yùn)電力機(jī)車

韶山4B型干線貨運(yùn)電力機(jī)車，代號SS4B，技術(shù)參數(shù)與SS4基本相同。為實(shí)現(xiàn)干線貨運(yùn)機(jī)車簡統(tǒng)化、系列化目標(biāo)，進(jìn)一步提高機(jī)車安全性、可靠性、互換性，根據(jù)鐵道部科技函[1991]499號和[1992]239號文件，由株機(jī)廠和株洲所共同研制SS4B型8軸重載貨運(yùn)電力機(jī)車。該型機(jī)車是我國第三代(無級調(diào)壓、交直傳動)相控電力機(jī)車。遵循我國電力機(jī)車標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、系列化、簡統(tǒng)化的設(shè)計原則，繼承SS4型、SS4G型機(jī)車的成熟技術(shù)，大量吸收消化國外8K、6K、8G、6G型等機(jī)車的先進(jìn)技術(shù)。1995年12月SS4B型001號電力機(jī)車落成Shaoshan4BtrunkfreightelectriclocomotiveShaoshan4Btrunkfreightelectriclocomotive,codeSS4B,itstechnicalparametersarebasicallythesamewithSS4.

AccordingtotheMinistryofRailwaysScienceandTechnology[1991]499and[1992]No.239documents,SS4B8-axisheavy-loadfreightelectriclocomotivewasdevelopedbyZhuzhouelectriclocomotivefactoryandZhuzhouElectricLocomotiveResearchInstituteinordertoachievethegoalofsimplificationandserializationofmain-linefreightlocomotivestofurtherimprovelocomotivesafety,reliabilityandinterchangeability.

Thelocomotiveisthethirdgeneration(steplessvoltageregulation,AC-DCtransmission)phase-controlledelectriclocomotives.Followingthedesignprincipleofstandardization,serializationandsimplificationofelectriclocomotivesinChina,itinheritsthematuretechnologyofSS4andSS4Glocomotivesandabsorbstheadvancedtechnologyof8K,6K,8Gand6Glocomotives.InDecember1995,SS4B001electriclocomotivewascompletedSS4Belectriclocomotive

韶山5型、韶山6electriclocomotive

韶山6型干線客貨運(yùn)電力機(jī)車，代韶山5型準(zhǔn)高速電力機(jī)車，代號SS5。為準(zhǔn)高速鐵路試制的樣車。號SS6。株洲電力機(jī)車工廠制造的鄭州--寶雞鐵路電氣化工程國際招標(biāo)中標(biāo)機(jī)車。該型機(jī)車以成熟的韶山electriclocomotive系列的技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)，并采用了大量的國際先進(jìn)技術(shù)，具有起動加速快、牽引力大、恒功速度范圍寬、操縱方便、工作可靠等特點(diǎn)。機(jī)車功率持續(xù)4800kW，最大速度100km/h，車長20200mm，軸式C0-C0，電流制為單相工頻交流。Shaoshan6trunkpassengerandfreightelectriclocomotives,whichreplacesShaoshan5quasi-high-speedelectriclocomotive,iscode-namedSS5.Itistheprototypecarforhigh-speedrailway,SS6.ItistheinternationalbidwinninglocomotiveofZhengzhou-BaojirailwayelectrificationprojectwhichwasproducedbyZhuzhouelectriclocomotivefactory.ThiskindoflocomotiveisbasedonmaturetechnologyofShaoshanelectriclocomotiveseriesandadoptsalotofinternationaladvancedtechnology.Ithasthecharacteristicsofquickacceleration,largetractivetraction,widespeedrangeofconstantpower,convenientoperationandreliableworking.Locomotivecontinuedpoweris4800kW,themaximumspeedis100km/h,lengthis20200mm,axisisC0-C0,thecurrentsystemisthesingle-phaseACfrequency.Shaoshan5,Shaoshan6electriclocomotive

SS5electriclocomotiveSS6electriclocomotive

Shaoshan6BelectriclocomotiveSS6Belectriclocomotive是1992年為鄭寶鐵路電氣化工程提供的國際招標(biāo)第三批電力機(jī)車。它是由株機(jī)廠和株洲所共同研制開發(fā)的6軸干線用交直傳動相控電力機(jī)車。該型機(jī)車的設(shè)計，以國內(nèi)外交直傳動相控電力機(jī)車成熟的技術(shù)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ)，并根據(jù)鐵道部"關(guān)于開展電力機(jī)車簡統(tǒng)化、系列化"的精神，較大范圍內(nèi)采用和吸收了SS4和SS6型機(jī)車的技術(shù)。樣車于1992年12月完成.

韶山6BelectriclocomotiveSS6BelectriclocomotiveisthethirdbatchofelectriclocomotivesofferedbyZhengbaoRailwayElectrificationProjectin1992.Itis6-axistrunklinewiththeAC-controlledtransmissionelectriclocomotivejointlydevelopedbyZhuzhouelectriclocomotivefactoryandZhuzhouElectricLocomotiveResearchInstitute.Thedesignofthelocomotiveis