高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專題復(fù)習(xí)：時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)課件(共45張)

【高中語(yǔ)法】

時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)1英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法框架語(yǔ)法知識(shí)語(yǔ)音音素★音節(jié)五種語(yǔ)音現(xiàn)象★句法詞法九大詞類 動(dòng)詞★詞匯搭配時(shí)態(tài)兩大語(yǔ)態(tài)三類非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞并列句復(fù)合句★特殊句式★主謂一致八種句子成分四類句子五種簡(jiǎn)單句名詞性從句定語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句2CONTENTS時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)一般時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)完成時(shí)態(tài)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)301一般時(shí)態(tài)Simple

Tense4nowfuturepast一般過(guò)去時(shí)：did一般將來(lái)時(shí):shall/will

do/be一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：do/does一般時(shí)態(tài)5一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法：①

目前的情況或狀態(tài)

Iam

married.②經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作Ioftencookmealsformy

family.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)6一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法：③客觀存在或普遍真理Thesunrises

intheeast.Loveis

blind.④按照計(jì)劃或時(shí)間表將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Theplanetakesoffat11:30a.m.andarrivesinShanghaiat1:20

p.m.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)【注意】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞原形，第三人稱單數(shù)-s/-es。7off

atLookatthetimetable.Hurryup!Flight375315:30.A.will

takeC.is

takingB.takesD.has

taken【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。飛機(jī)、火車等按時(shí)刻表運(yùn)行，表達(dá)時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。模擬題解析8off

atLookatthetimetable.Hurryup!Flight375315:30.A.will

takeC.is

takingB.takesD.has

taken【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。飛機(jī)、火車等按時(shí)刻表運(yùn)行，表達(dá)時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。B模擬題解析9表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。HeproposedtoSarahontheir

annivesary.過(guò)去某段時(shí)間的狀態(tài)。Iloved

him.一般過(guò)去時(shí)10Mr.Smith,

whoasateacherinourschoolforabout

20years,isnowour

mayor.A.HasworkedC.worksB.

workedD.had

worked【解析】句意為“史密斯先生曾經(jīng)在我們學(xué)校做了20年老師，他現(xiàn)在是市長(zhǎng)”。模擬題解析11Mr.Smith,

whoasateacherinourschoolforabout

20years,isnowour

mayor.A.HasworkedC.worksB.

workedD.had

worked【解析】句意為“史密斯先生曾經(jīng)在我們學(xué)校做了20年老師，他現(xiàn)在是市長(zhǎng)”。B模擬題解析12一般過(guò)去時(shí)用法：①

表肯定：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其他Hewentshopping

yesterday.②

表否定：主語(yǔ)+did

not(didn't)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他Hedidn'tgoshopping

yesterday.③一般疑問(wèn)：Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他Didhegoshopping

yesterday?④特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他Whatdidhedo

yesterday?一般過(guò)去時(shí)13

表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。Iwillalwayslove

you.Iwillgoshoppingwithyou

tomorrow.一般將來(lái)時(shí)14一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法：①

will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形Hewillbeback

soon.②

表否定：主語(yǔ)+will

not

(won't)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他Hewon'tgoshopping

tomorrow.③

一般疑問(wèn)：Will+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他Willhegoshoppingtomorrow?④

特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+will+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他Whatwillhedo

tomorrow?一般將來(lái)時(shí)1502進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)Continuous

Tense16nowfuturepast過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was/were

doing將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí):will/shallbe

doing現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am/is/are

doing進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)17用法：①

表說(shuō)話的同時(shí)或現(xiàn)在時(shí)段動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行Sheismakingfirenow.Theyareplantingtreesonthehillthese

days.②

表計(jì)劃或安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作JaneandBerryaregoingonholidayinafew

days.③

表重復(fù)的動(dòng)作She

isalwayscomplaining.(抱怨口吻)Thetrainisarrivinglatealmosteverydaythis

summer.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)18過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)用法：①

常和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)then,

at

that

time/moment等連用。WewerewatchingTVatthat

time.②

與when,

while,

as引導(dǎo)的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。WhenIsawhimhewascleaninghis

room.19將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)用法：①

將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，或會(huì)延續(xù)到將來(lái)的動(dòng)作

Whatwillyoubedoingatthistimenext

Monday.Iwonderifitwillstillberainingthis

afternoon.②

將來(lái)預(yù)定的動(dòng)作、預(yù)測(cè)或打算TommorrowIwillbeflyingto

Bambay.③

表原因或結(jié)果Stopthechildorhewillbefalling

over.2003完成時(shí)態(tài)Perfect

Tense21nowfuture完成時(shí)態(tài)過(guò)去完成時(shí)had

donepast現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has

done將來(lái)完成時(shí)will/shallhave

done22現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)nowfuturepast現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has

done用法：①

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作Wehaveknowneachothersince

2007.②

發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在留下了某種影響或結(jié)果Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.23

consciousofhermoralobligationsasa

citizen.Marshawasandalwayswill

beMarshahastobeandalwayswill

beMarshahadbeenandwillalways

beMarshahasbeenandwillalways

be【解析】句意為“Marsha一直記得而且也將永遠(yuǎn)記得她作為一個(gè)公民所應(yīng)有的明白自己的道德責(zé)任。”真題解析24

D consciousofhermoralobligationsasa

citizen.Marshawasandalwayswill

beMarshahastobeandalwayswill

beMarshahadbeenandwillalways

beMarshahasbeenandwillalways

be【解析】句意為“Marsha一直記得而且也將永遠(yuǎn)記得她作為一個(gè)公民所應(yīng)有的明白自己的道德責(zé)任?！闭骖}解析25nowfuture過(guò)去完成時(shí)had

donepast過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)指過(guò)去已經(jīng)完成，“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。用法：必須與表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用WhenIwokeup,ithadstopped

raining.Bytheendoflastyear,myfatherhadworkedinthecompanyfor20

years.26nowfuturepast完成時(shí)態(tài)將來(lái)完成時(shí)will/shallhave

done將來(lái)某一時(shí)間前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作

(“到時(shí)已經(jīng)完成”)。用法：必須與將來(lái)的時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用。Weshallhavelearned12unitsbytheendofthisterm.WewillhavebeenmarriedayearonJune

25th.2704完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)PerfectContinuous

Tense28nowfuture現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)have/hasbeen

doing過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)hadbeen

doingpast將來(lái)完成時(shí)will/shallhave

done完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)29nowfuturepast現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)have/hasbeen

doing過(guò)去開始的動(dòng)作，到現(xiàn)在還在延續(xù)或重復(fù)Ihavebeenwaitingforyou

foraboutone

hour.Wehavebeendiscussingthematterseveraltimesthis

year.30nowfuturepast過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)hadbeen

doing過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間之前一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作IhadbeenlookingforitfordaysbeforeIfound

it.Atthatpoint,herealized

whathehadbeendoingall

along.31nowfuturepast將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)will/shallhavebeen

doing完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)作在某種情況下一直持續(xù)到將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間仍未結(jié)束。Bytheendofthisyearhewillhavebeenactingforthirty

years.3205語(yǔ)態(tài)Voice33語(yǔ)態(tài)英語(yǔ)中有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。語(yǔ)態(tài)是通過(guò)動(dòng)詞的變化表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作源自主語(yǔ)，施加于賓語(yǔ)。Imademistakes.

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：助動(dòng)詞be

+

(及物動(dòng)詞)過(guò)去分詞Mistakeswere

made.34A.

gaveC.

giveB.

givingD.be

given【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)。and前后連接相同格式的句子成分。后半句的主語(yǔ)是代詞they，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是give，根據(jù)句意應(yīng)是“他們被提供機(jī)會(huì)決定是否要參與研究”，故使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Potentialsubjectsshouldbeinformedoftheresearch

and

anopportunitytodecideiftheywantto

participate.真題解析35A.

gaveC.

giveB.

givingD.be

given【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)。and前后連接相同格式的句子成分。后半句的主語(yǔ)是代詞they，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是give，根據(jù)句意應(yīng)是“他們被提供機(jī)會(huì)決定是否要參與研究”，故使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Potentialsubjectsshouldbeinformedoftheresearch

and

D anopportunitytodecideiftheywantto

participate.真題解析36Myauntbrought

me

up.Hegave

theboyan

apple.語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法Manypeople

speak

English． Englishisspoken

bymany

people.I

wasbroughtup

bymyaunt.Theboywasgiven

anapple.Anapplewasgiven

tothe

boy.37語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法WecallhimXiao

Wang.Hecuthishair

short.Theytold

himtohelp

me.Heiscalled

Xiao

Wang.Hishairwascut

short.Hewastold

tohelp

me.38語(yǔ)態(tài)不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況feel,look,

appear,

sound,taste,smell等由實(shí)意動(dòng)詞演變而來(lái)的系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，不可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Tellmeifyoufeelcold.Thesouptastes

wonderful.39語(yǔ)態(tài)不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況(2)某些表示“靜態(tài)”的及物動(dòng)詞，如have,fit,suit,hold