2023-2024學(xué)年廣西柳州市校際聯(lián)盟高二上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣西柳州市校際聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?A.Lookforajob.B.Painttheceiling.C.Paintthedoors.2.HowlongwillittakethewomantogettoDupontStation?A.Aboutanhour.B.About40minutes.C.Abouthalfanhour.3.Wherewillthespeakerssit?A.Bythewindow.B.Inacorner.C.Bythedoor.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Nobodyhasdonetheirhomework.B.Themanoftenforgetshishomework.C.Shedoesn’twantanymorehomework.5.Whatwillthemanprobablydotonight?A.ReadChapter4.B.Studyinthelibrary.C.Watchthefootballmatch.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatisthesecondgiftforJimmy?A.Acar.B.Awatch.C.Acomputer.7.WhydoesJimmyfeelhappy?A.Heliveswithhisparents.B.Hehasreceivedlotsoftoycars.C.Hehasgotwhathedreamtof.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhodiscoveredAmericaaccordingtotheman?A.TheNativeAmericans.B.Columbus.C.TheSpanish.9.Wheredidthewomanlearnthesong?A.Atschool.B.Fromhermother.C.Fromhergrandmother.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inabar.B.Inastore.C.Inarestaurant.11.Whodoesthemanbuythefruitjuicefor?A.Hisdaughter.B.Hisson.C.Hiswife.12.Howmuchisakiloofapples?A.4yuan.B.8yuan.C.16yuan.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.HowlonghasCoreybeendoingicediving?A.For2years.B.For7years.C.For9years.14.Whatisthewoman’sfavoritehobbynow?A.Acting.B.Swimming.C.Skiing.15.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofplayingcomputergames?A.It’sawasteoftime.B.It’sratherrelaxing.C.Ithelpshermakefriends.16.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Neighbors.C.Relatives.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheactivitiesforthestudents?A.Winninggifts.B.Answeringquestions.C.Knowingeachotherwell.18.Whathavethestudentsreceived?A.Giftcards.B.Somefood.C.Backpacks.19.Whatshouldstudentsdooncetheyfindwhatthey’relookingfor?A.Takeaphotograph.B.Joinanewgroup.C.Puttheirflagdown.20.Whenshouldthestudentscomeback?A.Bytwelve.B.Byeleven.C.Byten.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AUnusualCastlesAroundtheWorldWhetherafantasticachievementofarchitectureorjustatrytoappealtothepublicintentionally,thefourcuriouscastlesbelowarefarfromordinary.KelburnCastle,Largs,ScotlandWhenviewedfromsomesides,KelburnCastlelookslikeatypicalScottishcastle.Butonthebuilding’ssouthside,thestonetowerandwallsarecoveredincartoon-stylegraffiti(涂鴉).Thecastle’sgraffitiistheworkoffourartists.Thegraffititook1,500cansofpainttocreate.PredjamaCastle,Predjama.SloveniaPredjamaCastlewasbuiltdirectlyintothemouthofacavelocatedhalfwayupalittleover123-metercliff(懸崖)face.Althoughthesitedatesbacktoatleastthe13thcentury,thecurrentbuildingwasreconstructedduringthe16thcentury.TheimpressivecastleholdstheGuinnessWorldRecordsforthelargestcavecastleintheworld.Swallow’sNest,Gaspra,CrimeaIt’scommonforcastlestobebuiltneartheedgeofacliff,butfewlooksounsafeastheSwallow’sNestinCrimea,whichextendsoutovertheBlackSea.Thefoundationofthissmallcastle,whichmeasures20metersinlengthand10metersinwidth,extendsbeyondtheedgeofthe40-metercliff.Thecurrentstonebuildingwasonceawoodenstructure.TroskyCastle,Troskovice,CzechRepublicOnthetopoftwovolcanicmouthsisTroskyCastle,whichdatesbacktotheendofthe14thcentury.Alongwiththetowersoneachpeak,thecastleisalsobuiltontheridge(山脊)thatconnectsthepeaks.Afteradefensivestrongholdduringwartime,thecastlewasabandoned.Thegovernmenttookcontrolofthesitein1925andtheremainsofitswallsarenowcarefullymaintained.1.WhathighlightsKelburnCastle?A.Itshistory. B.Itslocation. C.Itsdesign. D.Itsfunction.2.WhatdoPredjamaCastleandSwallow’sNesthaveincommon?A.Theywereoncerebuilt. B.Theywereabandoned.C.Theyarecavecastles. D.Theyarethesamelength.3.Whichcastleliesonthevolcanicrock?A.KelburnCastle. B.PredjamaCastle.C.Swallow’sNest. D.TroskyCastle.〖答案〗1.C2.A3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了世界上四座不同尋常的城堡?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KelburnCastle,Largs,Scotland部分“Whenviewedfromsomesides,KelburnCastlelookslikeatypicalScottishcastle.Butonthebuilding’ssouthside,thestonetowerandwallsarecoveredincartoon-stylegraffiti.Thecastle’sgraffitiistheworkoffourartists.Thegraffititook1,500cansofpainttocreate.(從某些方面看，凱爾伯恩城堡就像一座典型的蘇格蘭城堡。但在建筑的南側(cè)，石塔和墻壁上布滿了卡通風(fēng)格的涂鴉。城堡的涂鴉是四位藝術(shù)家的作品。這幅涂鴉花了1500罐油漆才完成)”可知，凱爾伯恩城堡像是一座典型的蘇格蘭城堡，但建筑南側(cè)還布滿了卡通風(fēng)格的涂鴉，凱爾伯恩城堡最精彩的部分是它的設(shè)計(jì)。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PredjamaCastle,Predjama.Slovenia部分“Althoughthesitedatesbacktoatleastthe13thcentury,thecurrentbuildingwasreconstructedduringthe16thcentury.(盡管該遺址至少可以追溯到13世紀(jì)，但目前的建筑是在16世紀(jì)重建的)”以及Swallow’sNest,Gaspra,Crimea部分“Thecurrentstonebuildingwasonceawoodenstructure.(現(xiàn)在的石頭建筑曾經(jīng)是木結(jié)構(gòu))”可知，PredjamaCastle和Swallow’sNest的共同之處是兩座城堡都經(jīng)歷過(guò)重建。故選A。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TroskyCastle,Troskovice,CzechRepublic部分“OnthetopoftwovolcanicmouthsisTroskyCastle,whichdatesbacktotheendofthe14thcentury.(特羅斯卡城堡在兩個(gè)火山口的頂部，它可以追溯到14世紀(jì)末)”可知，特羅斯卡城堡坐落于火山口的頂部，在火山巖上。故選D。B“ShouldIgo?Idohavealotofworktodo.”Thequestioncamefrommydaughter,Tracy,acollegesenior,whowasdebatingwhetherornottogowithherroommatesonaSaturdaytodrivetothebeachandenjoysomeunseasonablywarmMarchweather.Ontheonehand,sand,sunshine,andperhapssomefriedfoodwereprizesshedeservedafterahard-wonyearofcollegelife;ontheotherhand,herthesis(論文)conclusionwasn’tgoingtowriteitself.AsarathertypeAstudent,Tracywasunsureifsheshouldgo,andhadaskedmyopinion.AsIreadhertext,Irememberedmyowncollegeroadtripsinthe80s.Atthattime,fourofustheaterstudents,anxiousanddisappointedaboutthepostingofacastlist,haddrivenouttothecountrysidethroughappleorchards(果園).Westoppedatthesideoftheroadtoclimboverastonewalltograbsomeapplesfromatree,takingofflaughing,andendingthetripwithice-creams.Istillremembersittingatapicnictablewiththekindoflaughterthatyouhopewillneverend.Itextedmydaughterback,“Takethedayoffandgotothebeach.Thethesiscanwait.”Actually,Iwantedtotexthermuchmorethanthat.Iwantedtotellherthatcollegeisforsomanythings—academicandpersonalgrowthandchallenges,all-nightstudysessions,paperdeadlines,andofficehours.Butit’salsoforroadtripswithyourroommatesandachancetoextricateeverybitofstressandresponsibilityforafewhours.Collegeisforthememoriesthatyoudon’tthinkareanythingspecialrightnow.Butsomeday,oneofyouwillsay,“Hey,rememberthattimeonthebeach?”Andthosepreciousmemoriesareworthmorethananythesisconclusionevercouldbe.4.WhydidTracyhesitatetogotothebeach?A.Shewaskindofstay-at-home. B.Shehadtocompleteherpaper.C.Sheworriedabouttheweather. D.Shedidn’tinviteherroommates.5.Whatmadetheauthorandhisclassmatesdecidetotakearoadtripatcollege?A.Theirdemandforspiritualrelief.B.Theirdesiretotesttheirnewcar.C.Theirneedtoexperiencecountrylife.D.Theirplanforseekingplaymaterials.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“extricate”inparagraph4mean?A.Takeon. B.Thinkof. C.Gothrough. D.Shakeoff.7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthetext?A.Goodfriendsalwaysmakelifehappier.B.Stressfromcollegelifecanplayitspart.C.Collegememoriesaremorethanacademicachievements.D.Academicachievementsabsolutelycomefirstatcollege.〖答案〗4.B5.A6.D7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者給正在寫論文的女兒建議，讓她和室友一起去海灘游玩，由此作者想表達(dá)的是大學(xué)記憶不僅僅是學(xué)術(shù)成就?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ontheotherhand,herthesisconclusionwasn’tgoingtowriteitself.AsarathertypeAstudent,Tracywasunsureifsheshouldgo,andhadaskedmyopinion.”（另一方面，她的論文結(jié)論不會(huì)自己寫出來(lái)。作為一個(gè)相當(dāng)優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生，特蕾西不確定她是否應(yīng)該去，她問(wèn)了我的意見(jiàn)。）可知，特蕾西不愿意去海灘是因?yàn)樗仨毻瓿伤恼撐?。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“AsIreadhertext,Irememberedmyowncollegeroadtripsinthe80s.Atthattime,fourofustheaterstudents,anxiousanddisappointedaboutthepostingofacastlist,haddrivenouttothecountrysidethroughappleorchards(果園).Westoppedatthesideoftheroadtoclimboverastonewalltograbsomeapplesfromatree,takingofflaughing,andendingthetripwithice-creams.Istillremembersittingatapicnictablewiththekindoflaughterthatyouhopewillneverend.”（當(dāng)我讀她的短信時(shí)，我想起了自己在80年代的大學(xué)公路旅行。當(dāng)時(shí)，我們四個(gè)戲劇專業(yè)的學(xué)生，對(duì)演員名單的公布感到焦慮和失望，開(kāi)車穿過(guò)蘋果園去了鄉(xiāng)下。我們停在路邊，爬過(guò)一堵石墻，從樹上摘了幾個(gè)蘋果，笑著離開(kāi)了，最后吃了冰淇淋結(jié)束了這次旅行。我仍然記得坐在野餐桌旁，帶著那種你希望永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)結(jié)束的笑聲。）可推知，作者對(duì)精神慰藉的需求讓作者和他的同學(xué)們決定在大學(xué)里進(jìn)行一次公路旅行。故選A項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞句中“Butit’salsoforroadtripswithyourroommates”（但這也是你和室友一起公路旅行的好機(jī)會(huì)）以及“……everybitofstressandresponsibilityforafewhours.”（可以在幾個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)……所有的壓力和責(zé)任。）可推知，此處為但這也是你和室友一起公路旅行的好機(jī)會(huì)，可以在幾個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)擺脫所有的壓力和責(zé)任。故可猜測(cè)劃線單詞extricate為“擺脫”的意思，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)D項(xiàng)Shakeoff“擺脫，甩掉”意思一致。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Collegeisforthememoriesthatyoudon’tthinkareanythingspecialrightnow.Butsomeday,oneofyouwillsay,“Hey,rememberthattimeonthebeach?”Andthosepreciousmemoriesareworthmorethananythesisconclusionevercouldbe.”（大學(xué)是留給那些你現(xiàn)在覺(jué)得沒(méi)什么特別的回憶的。但總有一天，你們中的一個(gè)會(huì)說(shuō)：“嘿，還記得在海灘上的那次嗎？”這些珍貴的記憶比任何論文結(jié)論都更有價(jià)值。）可推知，作者想在文章中想表達(dá)的是大學(xué)記憶不僅僅是學(xué)術(shù)成就。故選C項(xiàng)。CResearchhasshownthatlisteningtomusicwhileshowering,takingawalkortravellingtoschoolcouldaffectyourabilitytothinkoutsidetheboxandcomeupwithartisticorcreativethingstodo.Expertssaybeingboredcanleadtodaydreamingplusthebirthofnewideas.Whilethereisnothingwrongwithlisteningtomusic,doingsowhentakingashowerorgoingforawalktakesawaytimethatcouldbespentthinkingaboutyourselfandyourlife—theperfecttimetoletyourcreativejuicesflow.HappinessexpertGretchenRubinsaid,“Youneedthisopen-searchingtimeinorderfornewideastospringup.Thisiswhypeoplegetideasintheshowerorinthemiddleofthenight—it’saperiodoftimewhenthebraincreatesitsownfun.It’swhenI’mboredthatIhavebiginsightsbecausemybrainisopenandtryingtoentertainitself.”Arecentstudybypsychologistsshowedthesameprocessatwork.Intheresearch,twogroupsofpeoplewereexpectedtocomeupwithproposals.Theywerethenaskedtocompletethetaskintwobackgrounds.Oneisinaquietroomwhiletheotheriswithmusicplaying.Researchersfound,comparedtoparticipantswhocompletedtasksinaquietbackground,participantswholistenedtomusicperformedlesscreatively.So,isitbesttothrowawaythebath-timetunes?Mostpeoplesaidtheresearchwasarealmoodkiller.Onesaid,“Sometimes,IneedthemusictocoverallthethoughtsIdon’twanttothink.”Anothercommented,“Manypeoplehavetoomuchgoingonintheirheads.That’swhytheylistentomusicintheshower,bywhichtheycanactuallyrelax.”Butotherlistenerssaidtheylikedhavingquiettimewhiletravellinghomeattheendoftheday.Inanycase,strikingagoodbalanceandlisteningtomusicsometimesbutbeingquietatothertimescouldbethebestbalanceinourlife.8.Whatdotheexpertsfindaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Keepingourmindsbusybringsinnewideas.B.Listeningtomusichelpstobringinspiration.C.Takingawalkkeepsusfromdaydreaming.D.Feelingboredtendstostirupourcreativity.9.Howdoesthepsychologistsdotheresearch?A.Byobservingthroughdailylife.B.Byreferringtoformerreports.C.Bycarryingoutanexperiment.D.Byfillingupaquestionnaire.10.Howdomostpeoplefindtheresultoftheresearch?A.Unacceptable. B.Misleading. C.Confusing. D.Convincing.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Doesyourplaylistreallyappealtoyou?B.Isittimetothrowawayyourplaylist?C.Listeningtomusickeepsusmentallyfit.D.Beingquietisalwaysagoodhabitforus.〖答案〗8.D9.C10.A11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了研究表明，在洗澡、散步或上學(xué)時(shí)聽(tīng)音樂(lè)可能會(huì)影響人的藝術(shù)性或創(chuàng)造性的思維。但是有人認(rèn)為在無(wú)聊的時(shí)候聽(tīng)音樂(lè)能夠讓人放松，所以他們無(wú)法接受研究結(jié)果。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句話“Expertssaybeingboredcanleadtodaydreamingplusthebirthofnewideas.(專家表示，無(wú)聊會(huì)導(dǎo)致白日夢(mèng)和新想法的產(chǎn)生)”可知，專家們發(fā)現(xiàn)感到無(wú)聊往往會(huì)激發(fā)我們的創(chuàng)造力。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一、二句話“Arecentstudybypsychologistsshowedthesameprocessatwork.Intheresearch,twogroupsofpeoplewereexpectedtocomeupwithproposals.Theywerethenaskedtocompletethetaskintwobackgrounds.(心理學(xué)家最近的一項(xiàng)研究表明，同樣的過(guò)程也在起作用。在這項(xiàng)研究中，預(yù)計(jì)有兩組人會(huì)提出建議。然后，他們被要求在兩種背景下完成任務(wù))”可知，研究人員做了一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，讓兩組人提出建議，然后在兩種背景下完成任務(wù)。由此可推知，心理學(xué)家們是通過(guò)做實(shí)驗(yàn)的方式做的研究。故選C?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第二、三和四句話“Mostpeoplesaidtheresearchwasarealmoodkiller.Onesaid,“Sometimes,IneedthemusictocoverallthethoughtsIdon’twanttothink.”Anothercommented,“Manypeoplehavetoomuchgoingonintheirheads.That’swhytheylistentomusicintheshower,bywhichtheycanactuallyrelax.”(大多數(shù)人說(shuō)這項(xiàng)研究是真正的情緒殺手。一位聽(tīng)眾說(shuō)：“有時(shí)候，我需要音樂(lè)來(lái)掩蓋我不想思考的所有想法。”另一位聽(tīng)眾評(píng)論道：“很多人腦子里想的太多了。這就是為什么他們?cè)诹茉r(shí)聽(tīng)音樂(lè)，這樣他們就可以真正放松了?！?”可推知，大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為在無(wú)聊的時(shí)候聽(tīng)音樂(lè)能夠讓人放松。所以，“在無(wú)聊的時(shí)候聽(tīng)音樂(lè)能夠影響人的創(chuàng)造性”這個(gè)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)是大多數(shù)人無(wú)法接受的。故選A?！?1題詳析】標(biāo)題判斷題。本篇文章主要講述了洗澡、散步或上學(xué)時(shí)聽(tīng)音樂(lè)可能會(huì)影響人的藝術(shù)性或創(chuàng)造性的思維。但是有人認(rèn)為在無(wú)聊的時(shí)候聽(tīng)音樂(lè)能夠讓人放松，他們無(wú)法接受研究結(jié)果。所以“是時(shí)候扔掉你的播放列表了嗎？”適合作本文的標(biāo)題。故選B。DThedrone(無(wú)人機(jī))isflyingabovetheAmazonRiverinBrazil,butitsbatteryisrunninglow.AndreCoelho,thechiefpilot,guidesitbacktosafetywithskillsperfectedbyplayingvideogames.Longhours’practicinghasbecomeasurprisingbenefitinanefforttoconservedolphinsthatliveintheriver.MarceloOliveira,aconservationspecialist,standsonthebowofaboat.Hepullsthewhitedronefromtheair,changesthebattery,andquicklysendsitbackinthesky.Later,scientistswillexaminethevideowhichhasrecordedforsignsofthetwospeciesofdolphinsthatinhabittheriver:thepinkandbulbousboto(亞馬孫河豚),andthesmaller,prettiertucuxi(白海豚).Exactlyhowmanyliveinthebasinisamystery.SomestudieshavesuggestedadeclineofthepinkdolphinsinspecificareasoftheAmazonRiver,buttheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN)saysthereisn’tenoughdataavailableforeitherspeciesofdolphins.“Weneedtobaseeverythingonharddata,”saysMiriamMarmontel,ascientist.“Weneedtofocusonwhat’sreallycriticaltohelpusgettoarealsituationthatcaninfluencepolicy.Weneednumbers.Weneedinformationondeathandreproduction.”Marmontel’sbiggestconcernisthatdolphinsarebeingcaughtinthenetsoflocalfishermen.Scientistshavealsogivenawarningagainstfishermen’skillingbotos.Pollutionfromgoldminingisalsoaconcern.ThescientistswanttousetheinformationtheycollecttopersuadetheIUCNtolistthebotoandthetucuxiasendangeredspecies.Fundingagenciesandgovernmentswantevidence.WithouttheIUCN’scategorization,it’sdifficulttoraisethemoneyforprotectionmeasures.Theyhopetheirdronemonitoringwilldothetrick.DuringthreetripstotheAmazonlastyear,theteamhasrecordedabout70samples(樣本)thatwillcontributetoamoreaccurateestimateofdolphinpopulationsintheAmazonbasin.12.WhatareCoelhoandOliveiradoingintheAmazonRiver?A.Playingavideogame.B.Recordingthevideooftheflowingriver.C.Testingthedronetheydesignedforfun.D.Collectingdataondolphinswithadrone.13.WhatcanmakeMiriamMarmontelworrymostaccordingtothetext?A.Thefishermen’slivingconditions. B.Themoneyforprotectionmeasures.C.Thepollutionfromthegoldmining. D.Thedolphinsbeingcaughtbyfishermen.14.Whatisthepurposeofthedronemonitoring?A.ToraisemoneytoprotecttheAmazonbasin.B.Tofindevidencefortheneedtotakemeasures.C.TourgegovernmentstorecordAmazonspecies.D.TogetanexactnumberofspeciesintheAmazon.15.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothedronemonitoringinthetext?A.Worried. B.Approving. C.Unfavorable. D.Unclear.〖答案〗12.D13.D14.B15.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家們正在努力搜集亞馬遜河里海豚的數(shù)據(jù)，以促使相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)采取措施保護(hù)河豚?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thedrone(無(wú)人機(jī))isflyingabovetheAmazonRiverinBrazil”（無(wú)人機(jī)在巴西亞馬遜河上空飛行）；“Longhours’practicinghasbecomeasurprisingbenefitinanefforttoconservedolphinsthatliveintheriver.(為了保護(hù)生活在河里的海豚，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的練習(xí)已經(jīng)成為一種令人驚訝的好處。)”和第二段“Later,scientistswillexaminethevideowhichhasrecordedforsignsofthetwospeciesofdolphinsthatinhabittheriver:thepinkandbulbousboto(亞馬孫河豚),andthesmaller,prettiertucuxi(白海豚).(稍后，科學(xué)家們將檢查視頻，視頻中記錄了棲息在河中的兩種海豚的跡象：粉紅色和球狀的博托，以及更小、更漂亮的圖庫(kù)西。)”可知，科學(xué)家科埃略和奧利維拉在亞馬遜河用無(wú)人機(jī)收集海豚的數(shù)據(jù)。故選D。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Marmontel’sbiggestconcernisthatdolphinsarebeingcaughtinthenetsoflocalfishermen.(Marmontel最擔(dān)心的是海豚被當(dāng)?shù)貪O民的漁網(wǎng)捕獲。)”可知，Marmontel最擔(dān)心的是海豚被當(dāng)?shù)貪O民的漁網(wǎng)捕獲。故選D。【14題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“ThescientistswanttousetheinformationtheycollecttopersuadetheIUCNtolistthebotoandthetucuxiasendangeredspecies.Fundingagenciesandgovernmentswantevidence.WithouttheIUCN’scategorization,it’sdifficulttoraisethemoneyforprotectionmeasures.(科學(xué)家們希望利用他們收集的信息說(shuō)服世界自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟將博托和土庫(kù)西列為瀕危物種。資助機(jī)構(gòu)和政府需要證據(jù)。如果沒(méi)有國(guó)際自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟的分類，很難籌集到保護(hù)措施的資金。)”可知，資助機(jī)構(gòu)和政府需要證據(jù)，所以科學(xué)家們希望利用他們收集的信息作為證據(jù)說(shuō)服世界自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟將博托和土庫(kù)西列為瀕危物種。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theyhopetheirdronemonitoringwilldothetrick.DuringthreetripstotheAmazonlastyear,theteamhasrecordedabout70samples(樣本)thatwillcontributetoamoreaccurateestimateofdolphinpopulationsintheAmazonbasin.(他們希望他們的無(wú)人機(jī)監(jiān)控能起到作用。在去年的三次亞馬遜之旅中，該團(tuán)隊(duì)記錄了大約70個(gè)樣本，這將有助于更準(zhǔn)確地估計(jì)亞馬遜流域的海豚數(shù)量。)”可知，作者對(duì)無(wú)人機(jī)監(jiān)控持贊同的態(tài)度。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Theschoolcurriculumisdesignedtoteachstudentsawiderangeofsubjectstopreparethemforlifeoutsideofschool.____16____Learningtocopewithitisanimportantpartofprogressingthroughschool.Thinkaboutwhyyoudon’tlikethisparticularsubject.Sitdownandaskyourselfwhyyoudon’tenjoythisparticularsubject.Isitbecauseyoudon’tunderstandaparticularconcept?____17____Orareyoujustboredwiththeclass?Whenyou’reabletoidentifywhyyoudon’tlikeasubject,youcantakestepstocorrecttheissue.Speaktoyourinstructorsaboutyourfeelings.____18____Askthemiftheycanprovideresourcesthatcanhelpyougetengagedwiththesubject.Yourteachersmayevenbeabletodemonstratelearningthesubjectisnotasdifficultasyouthink,whichcanhelpgreatlyboostyourconfidence.____19____Whiletheschoolcurriculumisdesignedtoteachabroadvarietyofsubjects,everysubjectyoulearnmattersinsomeway.Askafriend,arelative,orevenateacherwhytheyenjoythesubjectorhowitappliestoreal-worldsituations.Theiranswersmayhelpyoutochangeyourattitudetotheclass.Whenweidentifythevalueofasubject,wearemorelikelytodevotetimetolearningthesubjectanditsconcepts.Identifytransferable(可轉(zhuǎn)移的)skills..Translatableskillsthatyoulearninonesubjectcanhelpyoutosucceedinothersubjects.Whileyoumaynotneedtoknowthenoblegasesoutsideofchemistryclass,studyingchemistrywillteachyouhowtounderstandhowsubstancesinteractwitheachother.____20____A.Doyoudisliketheinstructor’sstyle?B.Recognizetheimportanceofthesubject.C.Haveyouidentifiedyourlearningstyleforthesubjects?D.Unfortunately,therewillbeacertainsubjectthatyoudislike.E.Thisisimportantwhenyou’recookingormixingcleaningproducts.F.Behonestwithyourteachersandexplainyoutakenointerestinthesubject.G.However,youcanworkaroundthisissuebyusingdifferentlearningmotivations.〖答案〗16.D17.A18.F19.B20.E【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了學(xué)校的課程旨在教授學(xué)生廣泛的科目，為他們的校外生活做好準(zhǔn)備。不幸的是，總有一門課你不喜歡。學(xué)會(huì)應(yīng)對(duì)它是在學(xué)校取得進(jìn)步的重要組成部分。文章介紹了幾點(diǎn)如何應(yīng)對(duì)它的方法?！?6題詳析】上文“Theschoolcurriculumisdesignedtoteachstudentsawiderangeofsubjectstopreparethemforlifeoutsideofschool.”（學(xué)校的課程旨在教授學(xué)生廣泛的科目，為他們的校外生活做好準(zhǔn)備。）引出話題，提到學(xué)校的課程。下文“Learningtocopewithitisanimportantpartofprogressingthroughschool.”（學(xué)會(huì)應(yīng)對(duì)它是通過(guò)學(xué)校進(jìn)步的重要組成部分。）說(shuō)明要學(xué)會(huì)應(yīng)對(duì)不喜歡的課程。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)D項(xiàng)Unfortunately,therewillbeacertainsubjectthatyoudislike.（不幸的是，總有一門課你不喜歡。）起到上下文的承上啟下作用，和下文內(nèi)容緊密連接，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選D項(xiàng)。【17題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Isitbecauseyoudon’tunderstandaparticularconcept?”（是因?yàn)槟悴焕斫饽硞€(gè)特定的概念嗎？）以及下文“Orareyoujustboredwiththeclass?”（或者你只是厭倦了這門課？）可知，都是說(shuō)明不喜歡這門課程的原因。因此可推斷空格處內(nèi)容也應(yīng)為說(shuō)明其中之一的原因。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A項(xiàng)Doyoudisliketheinstructor’sstyle?（你不喜歡老師的教學(xué)風(fēng)格嗎？）符合此推斷，和上下文共同構(gòu)成解釋的原因，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選A項(xiàng)。【18題詳析】上文“Speaktoyourinstructorsaboutyourfeelings.”（跟你的老師談?wù)勀愕母惺?。）以及下文“Askthemiftheycanprovideresourcesthatcanhelpyougetengagedwiththesubject.”（詢問(wèn)他們是否可以提供資源幫助你了解這個(gè)主題。）可知，這段主要講的是和老師交流你的想法和感受。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)F項(xiàng)Behonestwithyourteachersandexplainyoutakenointerestinthesubject.（誠(chéng)實(shí)地告訴老師你對(duì)這門課不感興趣。）可知，和本段主題吻合，上下文內(nèi)容緊密連接，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選F項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】由該題為段落小標(biāo)題可知，為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。該段下文“Whiletheschoolcurriculumisdesignedtoteachabroadvarietyofsubjects,everysubjectyoulearnmattersinsomeway.Askafriend,arelative,orevenateacherwhytheyenjoythesubjectorhowitappliestoreal-worldsituations.Theiranswersmayhelpyoutochangeyourattitudetotheclass.”（雖然學(xué)校的課程設(shè)計(jì)是為了教授各種各樣的學(xué)科，但你學(xué)習(xí)的每一門學(xué)科都有其重要性。問(wèn)問(wèn)朋友，親戚，甚至老師，為什么他們喜歡這個(gè)主題，或者它如何適用于現(xiàn)實(shí)世界。他們的回答可能會(huì)幫助你改變對(duì)這門課的態(tài)度。）可知，主要講的是為什么他們喜歡這個(gè)主題。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)B項(xiàng)Recognizetheimportanceofthesubject.（認(rèn)識(shí)到主題的重要性。）意思一致，為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Whileyoumaynotneedtoknowthenoblegasesoutsideofchemistryclass,studyingchemistrywillteachyouhowtounderstandhowsubstancesinteractwitheachother.”（雖然在化學(xué)課之外你可能不需要知道惰性氣體，但學(xué)習(xí)化學(xué)會(huì)教你如何理解物質(zhì)是如何相互作用的。）講的是學(xué)習(xí)化學(xué)會(huì)教你理解事物應(yīng)用的本質(zhì)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)E項(xiàng)Thisisimportantwhenyou’recookingormixingcleaningproducts.（當(dāng)你做飯或混合清潔產(chǎn)品時(shí)，這一點(diǎn)很重要。）可知，和上文內(nèi)容相關(guān)，為對(duì)上文內(nèi)容的語(yǔ)意遞進(jìn)，為具體舉例證明上文觀點(diǎn)。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。My5-year-olddaughterKaiwalkedaroundabusstop,pickingupcandywrappersandplasticbottlesandthrowingtheminthewastebin.Wewereavisitingfamilyhere,butshewascleaningthesidewalk,whichdidn’tshockme,norwasI____21____whenstrangerslookedatus.OurcleanupprojectbeganwhenwedrovepastanemptyfieldonedayandKai____22____thefieldwascoveredby____23____balloons.Wehadreadabouthowanimalscould____24____balloonsforfood.“Stop,”Kaisaid,andI____25____.Surprisingly,wefoundthefieldwasfullofmuchtrash____26____theballoons.“Canwecomebackandcleanit?”Kaiasked.TheneachFriday,wereturnedtohavea(n)____27____cleaning.However,itseemswecannever____28____thetrashcompletely.Ifeelsomethingcloseto____29____!Whyarewemakingkidscleanupour_____30_____?Ithaseverythingtodowiththeplanetweadultsareleavingforkids.Plasticpollutionisgloballydistributedandmicroplasticshaveevenbeendiscoveredinhumanblood.Itisnota_____31_____storythatwehavecreatedtrashbutournextgenerationcleansupthem.NowKaihopestobecomeamarinebiologisttoprotectsharksoneday.Shestillhasmanyyearsto_____32_____,ifadultsgetseriousaboutsolvingplasticpollution.Weshouldn’tleaveournextgenerationa_____33_____planetandexpectthemtosaveit.Thelasttimeourfamilywasatthebeach,westillpickedupplasticbottles.Most_____34_____,though,wesawanoctopus(章魚)playingaroundourfeet,a_____35_____ofaharmonioushabitatworthprotecting.21.A.embarrassed B.discouraged C.concerned D.frightened22.A.apologized B.confirmed C.spotted D.explained23.A.loose B.magic C.processed D.abandoned24.A.trade B.mistake C.replace D.change25.A.pulledover B.blewup C.turneddown D.gavein26.A.dueto B.aheadof C.otherthan D.insteadof27.A.official B.serious C.optional D.regular28.A.deliver B.remove C.track D.produce29.A.stress B.comfort C.anger D.pride30.A.mess B.platform C.court D.house31.A.scary B.pleasant C.historic D.real32.A.decide B.struggle C.survive D.contribute33.A.safe B.giant C.distant D.sick34.A.personally B.memorably C.technically D.universally35.A.promise B.threat C.reminder D.favor〖答案〗21.A22.C23.D24.B25.A26.C27.D28.B29.C30.A31.B32.A33.D34.B35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者和女兒通過(guò)撿塑料垃圾的故事，號(hào)召大家停止使用塑料產(chǎn)品，以及參與到清理塑料的行動(dòng)中來(lái)?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們是一個(gè)來(lái)訪的家庭，但她正在打掃人行道，這并不令我震驚，當(dāng)陌生人看著我們時(shí)，我也不感到尷尬。A.embarrassed尷尬的；B.discouraged泄氣的；C.concerned關(guān)心的；D.frightened害怕的。根據(jù)上文“whichdidn’tshockme”沒(méi)有驚訝到作者，以及該句中的“whenstrangerslookedatus.”可推知，此處為作者看到女兒正在清理人行道，對(duì)于陌生人的注意，作者并不感到尷尬。故選A項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，我們開(kāi)車經(jīng)過(guò)一片空地，凱發(fā)現(xiàn)空地上布滿了廢棄的氣球，于是我們的清理工作就開(kāi)始了。A.apologized道歉；B.confirmed證實(shí)；C.spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.explained解釋。根據(jù)上文“Ourcleanupprojectbegan”以及該句中的“thefieldwascoveredby________balloons.”發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西，可推知，此處應(yīng)表示作者的女兒發(fā)現(xiàn)空地上布滿了廢棄的氣球，于是準(zhǔn)備清理這些。故選C項(xiàng)。【23題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，我們開(kāi)車經(jīng)過(guò)一片空地，凱發(fā)現(xiàn)空地上布滿了廢棄的氣球，于是我們的清理工作就開(kāi)始了。A.loose寬松的；B.magic魔力的；C.processed加工過(guò)的；D.abandoned廢棄的。根據(jù)上文“pickingupcandywrappersandplasticbottles”撿起糖紙和塑料瓶，可知，此處應(yīng)表示作者和女兒清理廢棄的氣球。故選D項(xiàng)。【24題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們讀過(guò)關(guān)于動(dòng)物如何把氣球誤認(rèn)為食物的書。A.trade貿(mào)易；B.mistake把……誤認(rèn)為；C.replace代替；D.change改變。根據(jù)上文提到作者和女兒準(zhǔn)備清理廢棄的氣球，以及該句中的“balloonsforfood”可知，此處應(yīng)表示作者讀過(guò)關(guān)于動(dòng)物如何把氣球誤認(rèn)為食物的書。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：“停車，”凱說(shuō)，我把車停在路邊。A.pulledover靠邊停車；B.blewup炸毀；C.turneddown拒絕；D.gavein屈服，讓步。根據(jù)上文凱說(shuō)的話““Stop,””可知，此處為作者聽(tīng)到女兒說(shuō)的話后，把車停在了路邊。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：令人驚訝的是，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)除了氣球外，田野里到處都是垃圾。A.dueto由于；B.aheadof在……之前；C.otherthan除了；D.insteadof反而。根據(jù)上文“Surprisingly,wefoundthefieldwasfullofmuchtrash”令人驚訝的是，發(fā)現(xiàn)很多垃圾，可知，此處應(yīng)表示我們發(fā)現(xiàn)除了氣球外，田野里到處都是垃圾。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后每個(gè)星期五，我們都會(huì)回來(lái)定期打掃衛(wèi)生。A.official官方的；B.serious嚴(yán)重的；C.optional可選擇的；D.regular定期的。根據(jù)句意自己該句中的“TheneachFriday”可知，此處應(yīng)表示作者他們會(huì)定期回來(lái)打掃衛(wèi)生。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，似乎我們永遠(yuǎn)不可能完全清除垃圾。A.deliver分發(fā)；B.remove清除；C.track跟蹤；D.produce生產(chǎn)。根據(jù)上文提到的定期回來(lái)打掃衛(wèi)生，以及該句中的“thetrashcompletely”可知，此處應(yīng)表示清除垃圾。故選B項(xiàng)。【29題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我有一種近乎憤怒的感覺(jué)！A.stress壓力；B.comfort安慰；C.anger憤怒；D.pride自豪。根據(jù)下文“Whyarewemakingkidscleanupour________?Ithaseverythingtodowiththeplanetweadultsareleavingforkids.”作者發(fā)出的疑問(wèn)，以及認(rèn)為這一切都與我們成年人留給孩子們的地球有關(guān)。由此可推知，作者對(duì)此現(xiàn)象是表示憤怒的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?yōu)槭裁匆尯⒆訋臀覀兪帐皻埦?？A.mess雜亂，殘局；B.platform平臺(tái)；C.court法院，球場(chǎng)；D.house房子。根據(jù)下文“Plasticpollutionisgloballydistributedandmicroplasticshaveevenbeendiscoveredinhumanblood.”可知，提到塑料污染遍布全球，由此可推出，此處應(yīng)表示作者對(duì)于讓孩子幫我們收拾殘局這個(gè)事實(shí)感到不解。故選A項(xiàng)。【31題詳析