2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit4AdversityandCourseSectionⅠReadingandThinking學(xué)案含解析新人教版選擇性必修第三冊(cè)

PAGEUnit4ADVERSITYANDCOURAGE幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，人類始終不懈地進(jìn)行宏大的探險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)。探險(xiǎn)家們一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)地揭開地圖上的空白，找尋珍稀的自然資源，抑或是不斷刷新人類的極限。通過了解這些勇者的故事，我們可以學(xué)習(xí)他們崇高的探究精神。TheGreatNorthernAdventureItisageneralassumption①thatNorthAmericaisratherfarfromAsia.Despitethetremendous②sizeofthePacificOcean,thegapbetweenthetwocontinentsislessthan38kilometresattheBeringStrait③.ThisfamouschannelwasnamedinmemoryofVitusBering,theDanishexplorer.In1725theexpeditionaimingtoexploretheeastcoastofSiberiaandfindifAsiaandAmericawerejoinedstartedfromStPetersburg,IttookyearsforthemandtheirgrouptoreachtheeastSiberia,crosstheObRiverandtheLenaRiverandgettoOkhotsk,wheretheyspenttimebuildingships.Althoughtheexhaustedteamwhichtravelled11,400kilometreswereinbadcondition,Beringrefusedtodelayandbeganthevoyage.Theyfirstsailedacrossthestrait,whichprovedthatNorthAmericaandAsiaweretwoseparatecontinents.Theseriousproblemscontinuedtohappenin1741,inwhichBeringandChirikovdecidedtoexploreAlaska.Astheshipsailednorth,thetwoadventurerslostcontact.Bering'sshiplandedonAlaska,butdidn'tgetanyfreshwater.Thecrewkeptdyingoneafteranotherfromscurvy④，adiseasecausedbythelackofvitaminC,whichwasgettingworseafterdrinkingthesaltywater.Ontheirwayback,Bering'sshipwascaughtinstorms.Afterfightingwiththebadweatherfordays,thestormsdestroyedtheshipanddroveittoasmallisland,wheretherewerenotreesbutafewanimalstoeatandsomefreshwater.However,itwastoolateformanyofthem,includingBering，whodiedandwasburiedasasixty-year-oldmanontheislandthatisnownamedafterhim.TherestofthegroupbuiltasmallshipwiththeremainsoftheoldoneandreturnedSiberiathenextspring.Bering'slifewascontributedtotheexplorationofnorthwithmanyachievements,whichwerebroughtbackbyChirikov.However,thesereportswereforgottenbecausethegovernmenthadlostinterestinthem.Decadeslater,peopleeventuallyrealisedthatBeringwasagreatexplorerforhisexpeditionwhichgatheredessentialinformationabouttheeastSiberiaandtheNorthPacificanddiscoveredanewpartofNorthAmerica.Today,wehavetheBeringSeaandtheBeringStraittoremindusoftheleaderofthissignificantadventure.【注釋】①assumptionn．假定；假設(shè)②tremendousadj.極大的；巨大的③theBeringStrait白令海峽④scurvyn.壞血病SectionⅠReadingandThinkingⅠ.核心詞匯1．________n.逆境；逆境2．________n.工資3．________adj.寒冷的；激烈而不開心的；味苦的4．________n.探險(xiǎn)；遠(yuǎn)征；探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)5．________adv.&prep.上(船、飛機(jī)、公共汽車等)6．________n.櫥柜；壁櫥；衣柜7．________n.&vt.艷羨；嫉妒8．________vi.沉沒；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉沒9．________vt.舍棄；拋棄；放棄10．________n.爐具；廚房灶具11．________n.毯子12．________adj.苦痛的；令人難過的13．________n.&vt.航海；航行14．________n.海軍；海軍部隊(duì)15．________adj.相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的；正派的；得體的16．________adj.自私的17．________adj.真正的；真誠(chéng)的；可信任的18．________n.(輪船、飛機(jī)等上面的)全體工作人員；專業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)；一群人Ⅱ.拓展詞匯1．________n．忍耐力；耐久力→________vt.忍耐；忍受2．________adj.符合資格；具備……的學(xué)問(或技能、學(xué)歷等)→________vt.取得資格；使合格3．________adj.熱忱的；熱心的→________n．熱忱；熱忱4．________vt.分派；布置；安排→________n．安排的任務(wù)5．________n．[pl.]財(cái)物；動(dòng)產(chǎn)→________vi.屬于6．________n．毅力；韌性；不屈不撓的精神→________vi.堅(jiān)持；孜孜以求7．________vi.&vt.確定；決心；解決(問題或困難)n．決心；堅(jiān)決的信念→________n．決議；解決；堅(jiān)決Ⅲ.閱讀詞匯1．vigourn.____________2．stewardn.____________3．crushvt.____________n.____________4．banjon.____________Ⅳ.重點(diǎn)短語1．____________拒絕某人2．____________動(dòng)身3．____________被……困住4．____________扔掉5．____________讓某人驚異的是6．____________保持7．____________終歸；終究Ⅴ.重點(diǎn)句型1．Well,__________________________onemorningIboughtanewspaperandreadtheadvertisementabouttheAntarcticexpedition.哦，有一天早上我碰巧買了一份報(bào)紙，看到了南極探險(xiǎn)的廣告。2．__________________________，we'dallbedeadbynow.要不是弗蘭克和歐內(nèi)斯特，我們現(xiàn)在全都死了。依據(jù)課文內(nèi)容選擇正確答案1．WhatdirectlycausedPercetoexploreAntarctica?A．HearingthestoryofSirErnestShackleton.B．HiscuriosityaboutwhatexistedintheSouthPole.C．ReadinganadvertisementabouttheAntarcticexpedition.D．HiseagernesstoworkwithSirErnestShackleton.2．WhydidShackletondecidetoabandontheEndurance?A．BecausetheEndurancewasfirmlyfrozeninthesea.B．Becausetheicewouldbringdangertotheship.C．BecauseShackletonfoundhiscrewinpanic.D．Becausetheshipwascrushedbytheice.3．HowdidPercedescribeShackletoninthenext?A．Strictandconfident.B．Calmandconsiderate.C．Smartandopen-minded.D．Braveandambitious.4．HowdidPercedealwiththelifeonElephantA．Heencouragedothercrewtoliveon.B．Hehadtosurviveonanimalsandfruit.C．Hefelttosurviveonanimalsandfruit.D．Heseemedtositonpinsandneedles.

?第一版塊|重點(diǎn)詞匯詮釋1.applyvt.應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用；涂，敷vi.申請(qǐng)vt.&vi.(對(duì)……)適用(1)apply(to...)for(向……)申請(qǐng)，應(yīng)聘applyoneself/one'smindto(doing)sth.致力于，專注于(做)某事apply...to...把……運(yùn)用于……；把……應(yīng)用于……；把……敷到……上applyto適用于；關(guān)系到；向……申請(qǐng)(2)applicationn.申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用；應(yīng)用軟件eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(anapplicationofsth.某物的應(yīng)用,anapplicationforsth.對(duì)某事物的申請(qǐng),anapplicationform申請(qǐng)表,makeanapplicationto...for...向……申請(qǐng)……))(3)applicantn.申請(qǐng)人(4)appliedadj.應(yīng)用的；好用的?HehasappliedforapostinEngland.他已經(jīng)在英國(guó)申請(qǐng)了一個(gè)職位。?Inspiteofmuchnoise,hestillappliedhimselftoreading.盡管有很多噪音，他仍能用心讀書。?Heappliedtoauniversity.他向一所高校提出了申請(qǐng)。?We'veappliedtothegovernmentforahomeimprovementfund.我們已經(jīng)向政府申請(qǐng)改善住房的?？?。?Applythecreamevenlytoyourfaceandneck.將乳霜?jiǎng)蚍Q涂抹于面部和頸部。?LaterIdecidedtoapplymypreviousexperiencetolearninghowtoreadandwrite.后來我確定把我從前的閱歷應(yīng)用到學(xué)習(xí)如何讀寫上。?WhatIhavesaidappliesonlytosomeofyou.我所說的只適用于你們當(dāng)中的一部分人。?Withrepeatedapplicationsofweedkiller,theweedswereovercome.通過反復(fù)施用除草劑，雜草得以根除。?Herapplicationforthemembershipoftheorganizationwasapproved.他加入組織的申請(qǐng)通過了。eq\o(○,\s\up1(10))Everyoneshouldfillinanapplicationformwhenapplyingforanewjob.申請(qǐng)新工作時(shí)每個(gè)人都應(yīng)當(dāng)填寫申請(qǐng)表。eq\o(○,\s\up1(11))Imadeanapplicationtothebankforaloan.我向銀行申請(qǐng)貸款。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①However,technologyisalsothe________(apply)ofscientificknowledgeofsolvingaproblem,touchinglivesincountlessways.②Theprinciplethatyoucanbecomegoodatthingsthroughhardworkapplies________yourschoolwork.③Hemadeanapplication________thecompanyforpromotion.④Pleasecleanthewoundwithacleanclothandthenapplythemedicine________it.⑤Iwouldliketoapply________thevicepresidentofourschoolEnglishclub.⑥Theoldmanmanagestoenrichhisownculturallife,applyinghimselfto________(learn)English.⑦Thejobdrewagoodmany________(apply)totakepartintheinterview.語境助記：Alargenumberofpeoplehavesentoffapplicationsforthejob.Someoftheapplicantsmaybedisappointedbecauseonlyonethirdapplyingforithavethechancetobeemployed.很多人已經(jīng)申請(qǐng)了這項(xiàng)工作。有些申請(qǐng)者可能會(huì)悲觀，因?yàn)橹挥腥种坏纳暾?qǐng)者有機(jī)會(huì)被錄用。

2.turn...down拒絕(某人、某個(gè)建議等)；把……調(diào)低?Hewilltryagain,althoughhehasbeenturneddown5times.盡管他已被拒絕了五次，但是他還是會(huì)再嘗試的。?Pleaseturnthevolumedown,forIcan'tgetwhatmyfriendsaidonthephone.請(qǐng)把音量調(diào)低些，我都聽不清我摯友在電話里說了些什么。?Almostallthesepagesareturneddown.幾乎每一頁(yè)都有折角。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Tonyputonsoftmusicandturned________thelightsinordertocreatamorerelaxedatmosphereathome.②Ihadbeenfeelingsobaduntilsheturned________andtoldmeshewouldgivemeanotherchance.③Thejobturned________tobeharderthanwethought.④Hewasdisappointedtofindhissuggestionsturned________.歸納拓展：turn構(gòu)成的其他短語：turnup到達(dá)，露面；偶然出現(xiàn)；調(diào)高(音量等)turnoff關(guān)掉(電燈、電視等)turnout結(jié)果是；生產(chǎn)；出席(某項(xiàng)活動(dòng))，在場(chǎng)turnon打開(電流、煤氣、水等)turnin上交；交還turnback(使)折回，往回走3.qualifiedadj.符合資格，具備……的學(xué)問(或技能)；具備……的學(xué)歷(或資格)(1)bequalifiedtodosth.有資格做某事bequalifiedfor...符合……的條件aqualifiedaccountant/teacher取得執(zhí)業(yè)資格的會(huì)計(jì)師/老師(2)qualifyvi.合格，取得資格(或?qū)W歷)vt.使合格，使具備資格eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(qualifyfor...取得……資格,qualifysb.for...使某人能勝任……,qualifysb.todo...使某人有資格做……))(3)qualificationn.[C]資格，資格；學(xué)歷eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(havenoqualificationsfordoingsth.沒有做……的資格,havenoqualificationstodosth.沒有做……的資格))?Hetookallkindsofteststoprovehewaswellqualifiedforthisimportanttask.他做了各種測(cè)試來證明他完全能勝任這項(xiàng)重要的任務(wù)。?Heisnotyetanadult,soheisn'tqualifiedtovote.他還沒有成年，所以沒有資格投票。?Thetestwillqualifyyoutodriveheavyvehicles.通過這項(xiàng)考試你就有資格駕駛重型車輛。?AvictoryinthisgamewillearnthemqualificationfortheWorldCup.這場(chǎng)競(jìng)賽的成功將使他們?nèi)〉檬澜绫膮①愘Y格。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Theapplicantisn't________(qualify)todothejobashedidn'thavetherelevantexperiencerequiredforthejob.②He'sbeeninformedthathedoesn'tqualify________thescholarshipbecauseofhisacademicbackground.③Havingstudiedcomputerlessons,whicharedesignedforchildren,isanimportantqualification________thejob.高考助記：He'sbeeninformedthathedoesn'tqualifyforthescholarshipbecauseofhisacademicbackground.他已被告知因?qū)W歷背景不合格他不具備獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的資格。4.enthusiasticadj.熱忱的，熱心的，熱情的(1)beenthusiasticabout(doing)sth.對(duì)(做)某事熱心/感愛好(2)enthusiasmn.[U]熱忱，熱心，熱忱withenthusiasm熱忱地(3)enthusiastn.[C]熱心者，愛好者(4)enthusiasticallyadv.熱忱地?Hedoesn'tknowmuchaboutthissubject,buthe'sveryenthusiastic.他對(duì)這個(gè)話題所知不多，但他極感愛好。?LittleTomwassoenthusiasticaboutlearningChineseandaftersixmonths,hecouldspeakitfluently.小湯姆對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)中文非常感愛好。六個(gè)月后，他的中文說得相當(dāng)流利。?Theproposalwasgreetedwithgreatenthusiasm.這個(gè)提議得到了熱忱的響應(yīng)。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①M(fèi)ooreisenthusiastic________thecandyshecreated,andshe'salsopositiveaboutwhatthefuturemightbring.②AlthoughRosemaryhadsufferedfromaseriousillnessforyears,shelostnoneofher________(enthusiastic)forlife.語境助記：Theenthusiastsforenvironmentalprotectionareplantingtreeswithgreatenthusiasm,whichmakesusmoreenthusiasticaboutenvironmentalprotection.環(huán)保熱心人士正在熱忱十足地植樹，這使我們對(duì)環(huán)保更加感愛好了。5.aboardprep.上(船、飛機(jī)、火車、公共汽車等)；adv.在(船、飛機(jī)、火車、公共汽車等)上?Afterfivehoursofwaiting,theyfinallywentaboardtheship.等了5個(gè)小時(shí)后，他們最終上了船。?Theywavedgoodbyetohimashewentaboardatthestation.他在火車站登上火車之際，他們向他揮手道別。?Theplanecrashed;fortunately,allthe157passengersaboardsurvived.飛機(jī)墜毀，所幸機(jī)上157名乘客全部幸存了下來。[即學(xué)即練]選詞填空(aboard/abroad/board/broad)①—IamreallystruckbyyourspokenEnglish.Youspeaksofluently.Haveyoubeen________？—Yes.IstayedinLondonfortwoyears.②Weareaskedto________halfanhourbeforethedeparturetime.③Justbeforethemomentthetrainstartedmoving,hewent________.④Inourvillage,thereisa________road,bothsidesofwhicharelinedwithtrees.⑤Iwasabouttogo________theplanetogo________whensomeonecalledme.辨析比較：aboard,abroad,board與broad易混詞區(qū)分aboardprep.&adv.在(火車、船、飛機(jī)等)上，上(火車、船、飛機(jī)等)abroadadv.在國(guó)外，到國(guó)外boardv.上船(或火車、飛機(jī)、公共汽車等)；寄宿n．木板；膳食；董事會(huì)broadadj.廣袤的，寬敞的；廣泛的；概括的6.setoff動(dòng)身；動(dòng)身；啟程使(炸彈等)爆炸引發(fā)，激起(＝arouse)?Justasshepreparedtosetoffforthenextvillage,twofriendsarrivedinataxi.正值她打算動(dòng)身去下一個(gè)村子時(shí)，兩個(gè)摯友乘出租車來了。?Dobecarefulwiththosefireworks;theslightestsparkcansetthemoff.那些煙火要特別當(dāng)心，稍有火星就能引起爆炸。?Theoiltruckcaughtfireandsetoffachainofexplosions.油罐車著火了，引發(fā)了一連串的爆炸。?Aletterfromhomesetoffhisfeelingsofhomesickness.一封家信一下子喚起了他的思鄉(xiāng)之情。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Theyset________oneeveningaweektotalkoverwithfamilyaboutthetopicofchildren.②Assoonasshegothome,sheset________preparinglunch.③Havingsaidgoodbyetotheirfriends,theyset________forParis.④Hewillset________allhisimportantthoughtsinhisdiarywhentheyarefreshinhismind.⑤Ifyoureallywanttoseethemovie,we'dbettersetoff________thecinemanow.⑥Wesetout________(paint)thewholehousebutfinishedonlythefrontpartthatday.歸納拓展：set構(gòu)成的其他搭配：setaside留出(時(shí)間、金錢)；把……放到一旁setup設(shè)置，設(shè)立；建立，開辦setabout(doing)sth.著手/起先(做)某事setdown讓某人下車；寫下，登記(＝writedown)setout動(dòng)身，啟程(＋for＋地點(diǎn))；起先工作(＋todosth.)7.assignvt.安排，分派；指派(1)assignsb.sth.＝assignsth.tosb.安排給某人某物assignsb.tosth.指派某人做某一項(xiàng)工作assignsb.assth.指派某人任某一職務(wù)assignsb.todosth.指派某人做某事(2)assignmentn.[C，U](分派的)工作，任務(wù)；[U](工作等的)分派，布置?Theteacherhasassignedeachofusaholidaytask.＝Theteacherhasassignedaholidaytasktoeachofus.老師給我們每個(gè)人都安排了假期的任務(wù)。?Whichpoliceofficerhasbeenassignedtothiscase？哪一位警官被指派負(fù)責(zé)該案件？?They'veassignedthebestmantodothejob.他們指派了最優(yōu)秀的人做這項(xiàng)工作。?Shewassentabroadtocarryoutadifficultassignment.她被派出國(guó)去執(zhí)行一項(xiàng)艱難的任務(wù)。?Heisresponsiblefortheassignmentofjobs.他負(fù)責(zé)分派工作。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Developgoodhabits,likewritingdownyour________(assign)andhandinginyourhomeworkontime.②Myteacherassignedme________(write)anessayaboutthereformandopening-uppolicyofChina.③Theteacherassignedthethreeboys________thetaskandeachdidhisshare.歸納拓展：assignwork派活；指派工作assignavalue安排一個(gè)值；賦值8.stickv．卡??；困于(常用被動(dòng)式)v．將……刺入(或插入)v．粘住(常常與to搭配運(yùn)用)n．枝條；棍狀物?Onholidays,you'lllikelybestuckinatrafficjam.節(jié)假日的時(shí)候，你很可能遭受堵車。?Hefoldedthepapersandstucktheminhisdeskdrawer.他將文件疊起來，塞進(jìn)自己的書桌抽屜里。?Thenursestuckaneedleinmyback.護(hù)士在我背上扎了一針。?Don'tforgettoclipthetokenandstickitonyourcard.別忘了剪下標(biāo)簽，貼到你的卡上。?Theoldmanwalkswithastickinhishand.那位老人走路時(shí)拄著一根拐棍。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Jackopenedthedoorand________(stick)hisheadout.②Fewpeoplecanstick________adietforlong.③Iwentuptorescueakitthat________(stick)inthetree.特殊提示：短語stickto意為“堅(jiān)持；遵守”Heisalwaysstickingtohisword.他總是履行自己的諾言。9.approachvt.&vi.(在距離或時(shí)間上)靠近，接近vt.著手處理，應(yīng)付(相當(dāng)于dealwith)n．(距離或時(shí)間上的)靠近，接近；[C]方式，方法；路徑，道路theapproachof...……的接近anapproachto(doing)sth.(做)某事的方法/途徑?AsIapproachedthehouse,Inoticedalightupstairs.當(dāng)我走近那所房子時(shí)，我留意到樓上有燈光。?Asautumnapproached,thecoloursoftheplantsinthegardenchanged.秋天漸近，花園里植物的顏色發(fā)生了改變。?What'sthebestwayofapproachingthisproblem?處理這個(gè)問題的最佳方式是什么？?Withtheapproachofthewindandrain,theswallowsarebusy.在風(fēng)雨來臨之際，燕子們很勞碌。?Wewillbeexploringdifferentapproachestogatheringinformation.我們將探究收集信息的不同方法。?Soldierswereguardingalltheapproachestothepalace.士兵們保衛(wèi)著通往宮殿的全部道路。[即學(xué)即練]推斷下列句子中approach的詞性及含義/單句語法填空①Newcollegelifeisapproaching.I'mgladtohearthattherewillbesixclubsformetojoin.____________②Thetrainingoftheemployeeswassuggestedasoneapproachtodealingwiththeproblemoflowefficiency.____________③I'llapproachthecustomers'complaintsinafewminutes.____________④Marionfoundanewapproach________theboathousebyaccident.⑤Theyhadaheateddiscussiononwhethertoadoptadifferentapproachto________(process)information.歸納拓展：表示“方式，方法”的短語薈萃：ina(n)．..manner用……方法inthisway通過這種方式bymeansof...借助……手段，依靠……方法themethodof/for(doing)sth.(做)某事的方法withthismethod通過這種方法theapproachto(doing)sth.(做)某事的方式/方法

10.abandonvt.拋棄，遺棄；舍棄，離開；放棄，中止vt.陷入，沉湎于(某種情感)(1)abandonone'shope/plan/idea放棄某人的希望/安排/想法(2)abandononeselfto沉湎于(某種情感)，陷入(to為介詞，后跟名詞或v.-ing)(3)abandonedadj.被遺棄的；廢棄的；放縱的(可作前置定語或表語)?Ourcarbrokedownhalfway.Wehadtoabandonourcarandwalktherestoftheway.我們的車半路拋錨了。我們只好棄車，走完剩下的路。?Abandoninghimselftothesorrowoflosinghiscat,Stevenjustcouldn'thelpcrying.斯蒂芬沉湎于丟失了他的貓的哀痛中，禁不住哭了起來。?Wangcollectedmorethan7millionabandonedbricksofdifferentages.王收集了700多萬塊不同年頭的廢棄的磚。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Wesawthe________(abandon)farmswhichwerebuiltmorethanahundredyearsago.②Playingcomputergamesisharmfultoyourhealth.Don'tabandonyourself________thiskindofpleasure.③Badcustomsandlawsoughtto________(abandon),sincetheyareinappropriateforthedevelopmentofthesociety.高考助記：However,theseplanswereabandonedbecauseoffinancialproblems.然而，由于財(cái)政困難，這些安排不得不被放棄。11.keepup使某事物保持(在同一水平，通常指高水平)；使不低落沿用(或沿襲、保持)某事物(天氣)持續(xù)不變(與……)齊步前進(jìn)，并駕齊驅(qū)，跟上(＋withsb./sth.)?Theysangsongstokeeptheirspiritsup.他們唱歌以保持昂揚(yáng)的心情。?Remembertokeepupagoodstateofmindevenifyouhavefailedmanytimes.即使你已經(jīng)失敗多次，也要記住保持良好的心態(tài)。?WeoughttokeepupthetraditionalvirtuesoftheChinesenation.我們應(yīng)保持中華民族的傳統(tǒng)美德。?Ihopethefineweathercankeepup.我希望好天氣能持續(xù)下去。?Slowdown,andIcan'tkeepup(withyou)！慢點(diǎn)兒，我跟不上(你)了！?Ican'tkeepupwiththechangesincomputertechnology.我跟不上計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的種種改變。[即學(xué)即練]用keep的相關(guān)短語完成句子①Wesangaswewerehiking,to________ourspirits________.②Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshort-termandlong-termobjectives,________yourbelief________.③Thevillagersinthisremotemountainvillageoftengettogetherto________theculturaltraditionsandcelebratethefestivalsastheirforefathersdid.④Hewalkedtoofast.Ihadtorunto________him.歸納拓展：keep構(gòu)成的其他短語：keepawayfrom避開接近，遠(yuǎn)離keepon(doingsth.)接著(做某事)keep...inmind將……記在心中keepintouchwithsb.與某人保持聯(lián)系keepsb.from(doing)sth.阻擋某人(做)某事keepback抑制(或阻擋)感情等的流露；隱瞞12.holdon(在逆境或危急中)堅(jiān)持住，挺住(電話用語)別掛斷，等一下等；等一下；等等抓緊，不放開，其后可接tosth.,holdontosth.可用holdontosth.替換。?Intheearthquakethesurvivormanagedtoholdonuntilhelparrived.在地震中，生還者設(shè)法堅(jiān)持到救援到來。?Canyouholdon?I'llseeifheishere.你能等一下嗎？我去看看他在不在這兒。?Holdon!Thisisn'ttherightroad.等一下！這條路不對(duì)。?Childrenshouldholdontotheirparents'handswhencrossingtheroad.兒童應(yīng)當(dāng)在過公路時(shí)抓緊父母的手。[即學(xué)即練]推斷下列句子中holdon的含義①Ifhecanjustholdonalittlelonger,wecanhelphim.____________②Holdon!Ican'thearwhatyouaresaying.____________③It'sprettywindy.You'dbetterholdontoyourhat.____________歸納拓展：與hold相關(guān)的其他短語：holdback阻擋；阻礙進(jìn)展；隱瞞；抑制，限制(感情等)holdup支持??；舉起；阻礙holdout伸出手catch/getholdof抓住，握著

?其次版塊|重點(diǎn)句型剖析1．(教材P38)Well,itsohappenedthatonemorningIboughtanewspaperandreadtheadvertisementabouttheAntarcticexpedition.哦，有一天早上我碰巧買了一份報(bào)紙，看到了南極探險(xiǎn)的廣告。此句中it作形式主語，真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的從句。it(so)happenedthat...意為“碰巧……”?！癐t＋特殊動(dòng)詞(詞組)＋從句”句型(1)該句型中It為形式主語，真正的主語為后面的從句。(2)常用于該句型的特殊動(dòng)詞(詞組)：及物動(dòng)詞hit，strike；不及物動(dòng)詞happen，occur；動(dòng)詞詞組makenodifference，remaintobeseen，turnout等。?AtfirstIcouldn'trememberwhereI'dseenhimbefore,andthenitsuddenlyhitmethatImethimataparty.起初我想不起以前在哪里見過他，后來我猛然記起來我在一次聚會(huì)上見過他。?IthappenedthatIwasnotathomethen.碰巧我當(dāng)時(shí)不在家。?Itturnedoutthatthestrongestteamlostthegame.結(jié)果最強(qiáng)的隊(duì)輸了那場(chǎng)競(jìng)賽。?ItoccurredtomethatIhadgiventhebookbacktoyou.我突然想起來，我已經(jīng)把書還給你了。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①________remainstobeseenwhetherthenewlyformedcommittee'spolicycanbeputintopractice.②Itsuddenlyhitme________IhadgrownupandIhadtolookaftermyselfandliveindependently.③Ihopenothinghashappened________them.2．(教材P39)WithoutFrankandErnest,we'dallbedeadbynow.要不是弗蘭克和歐內(nèi)斯特，我們現(xiàn)在全都死了。本句的結(jié)構(gòu)分析如下：Without_Frank_and_Ernest，we'd_all_be_dead_by_now.介詞短語，表示條件表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)含蓄條件句虛擬條件句的條件有時(shí)不通過條件從句來表示，而是通過介詞短語、上下文或其他方式表現(xiàn)出來，這種虛擬條件句叫作含蓄條件句。含蓄條件句的詳細(xì)用法如下：?Withoutwater,therewouldbenolifeontheearth.假如沒有水，地球上就不會(huì)有生命。?Butforyourhelp,wecouldn'thavesucceeded.要不是你幫忙，我們不行能成功。?Igotupveryearlyyesterdaymorning,orIcouldnothavecaughttheearlybus.昨天早上我起床很早，否則就趕不上早班車了。?Iwastoobusyatthattime.Otherwise,Iwouldhavecalledyou.我當(dāng)時(shí)太忙了，否則我就給你打電話了。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Withouthissupport,wewouldn't________(be)wherewearenow.②—DoyouhaveBetty'sphonenumber?—Yes.Otherwise,Iwouldn't________(be)abletoreachheryesterday.③飛機(jī)晚點(diǎn)一個(gè)多小時(shí)才起飛，否則我就不會(huì)讓你等這么久了。Therewasadelayofoveranhourbeforetheplanetookoff;otherwiseI________(keep)youwaitingforsuchalongtime.Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．WhenIsawalittlegirlcryingthere,myheart________(下沉)．2．AsfarasI'mconcerned,thenewroommateishonestand________(真誠(chéng)的)．3．Whenyougetoffthebus,donotforgettotakeyour________(財(cái)物)．4．Itisnaturalthatsomeyoungpeopleareeagertojointhe________(探險(xiǎn))．5.Theguidewasso________(熱忱的)thatsheofferedmesomepracticaladvice.6．Somecolleagues________(嫉妒)theluckyyoungman,buthedidn'tcareaboutit.7．Itwasaverylong________(航行)andsomeofthesailorsgotveryexhausted.8．Outside,a________(寒冷的)northwindwasaccompaniedbyflurriesofsnow.9．Georgehasstartedahealthcenterandhe'slookingfor________(合格的)staff.10．Hewas________(苦痛的)allthetimeandrowswouldstartoverprettythings.11．Mylittlegrandsonisnotroubleatall,buthis6-year-oldeldersisterisrudeand________(自私的)．12．Themuddisappearedundera________(毯子)ofsnow.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．His________(persevere)inthefaceofadversitysurprisedusall.2．Thereformsoweagreatdealtothe________(resolve)ofoneman.3．I'mnotsurewhetherhewillsolvetheproblem________(decent)．4．You'dbetternottouchthebooks________(belong)tothatgirl.5．________(abandon)byhisowner,thelittledogledapoorlife.6．Itissaidthatthelargeshipsank________thedeepocean.7．Thegirlstandingunderthattreeistheone________(envy)bymoststudents.8．Youcangetyourbrothertohelpyouwithsomany________(assign)．9．Thejobmarkethaschangedandourapproachesto________(find)workmustchangeaswell.10．SupposingIturn________youroffer,wouldyoufeeldisappointed?11．Shelikestokeepup________thelatestfashions.12．Peopletendtoset________fireworksduringthefestival,whichmaycauseseriouspollution.13．It'shardwork,butifyouhold________，youaresuretosucceedintheend.14．She________(enthusiastic)threwherselfintoherwork.15．Afterknockingpolitelyatthedoor,the________(apply)enteredtheofficeofthegeneralmanager.Ⅲ.完成句子1．手機(jī)是像電腦一樣有用的工具。(as...as...)Themobilephoneis____________________asthecomputer.2．碰巧昨天停電了。(happen)____________________therewasapowerfailureyesterday.3．讓他的父母生氣的是，他總是熬夜看小說。____________________，healwaysstaysupreadinganovel.4．這對(duì)夫婦打算下個(gè)月搬往紐約。Thecouple______________________toNewYorknextmonth.5．我無法按時(shí)到達(dá)，因?yàn)檐囎影肼繁欢伦×恕?stick)Icouldn'tarriveontimebecausemycar________________________halfway.Ⅳ.課文語法填空Althoughnot1.________(allow)tojointheexpeditiontotheSouthPole,PerceBlackborowmanaged2.________(go)aboardtheEnduranceandworkedasastewardthere.Theirvoya