湖南省衡陽(yáng)市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試卷（原卷版）

2024年上學(xué)期高一期末考試英語(yǔ)本試卷共8頁(yè)，全卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名，準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在本試卷和答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如有改動(dòng)，用像皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案：回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題，每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C.1.WhatdoesthemanaskAlicetodo?A.Checkheremail.B.Turnthesounddown.C.Payattentiontothelesson.2.Howdoestheboysound?A.Upset.B.Confused.C.Excited.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atabusstop.B.Atthetaxistand.C.Attheundergroundcarpark.4.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Helefthisfriend’sdictionaryathome.B.Heboughttwodictionaries.C.Heusedafriend’sdictionary.5.Whatdidthewomandecidetodo?A.Sellherhouse.B.Gobacktocollege.C.Movetoanothercity.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)自讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdothespeakersconsiderdoing?A.Changingthesuppliers.B.Updatingtheschedule.C.Contactingtheclient.7.Whydoesthemansuggesthavingameeting?A.Toprovideguidance.B.Toeducateworkers.C.Toworkoutaplan.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhatdoesthemanadmireaboutCarl?A.Hisachievements.B.Hislifestyle.C.Hisdetermination.9.Whatdoesthewomanvaluemostwhiletraveling?A.fortableacmodations.B.Adventuredestinations.C.Costeffectiveoptions.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Grandfatherandgranddaughter.B.Neighbors.C.Classmates.11.WhatissaidaboutJenny’sgrandmother?A.Shehasbeencaringforthegardenlately.B.ShewatchesTVeveryevening.C.Sheisamilkwoman.12.WhydidJennyaskhergrandfatheraboutamathproblem?A.Shewantedtoavoidtalkingaboutthenews.B.Hergrandfatherwasgoodatit.C.Shecouldn’tworkitoutherself.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Forwhatreasondoesthemanetobuyagift?A.Toexpresshisthanks.B.Tomakeupforamistake.C.Tocelebratehisfriend’sbirthday.14.Howmuchdoesthewatchcost?A.Around$400.B.Around$200.C.Around$120.15.Whatmakesthesetofcupsspecialaccordingtothewoman?A.Itischeap.B.Itsqualityishigh.C.Itwasmadebyhand.16.Whichitemimpressedthemanmost?A.Awatch.B.Awallet.C.Anotebook.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Trackinghermonthlycosts.B.Offeringfinancialadvice.C.Makingaspendingplan.18.Whendoesthespeakerreceivehersalaryeverymonth?A.Onthe5th.B.Onthe7th.C.Onthe15th.19.WhatdidthespeakerbuyonthelastdayofJune?A.Beautyproducts.B.Clothes.C.Catfood.20.Whatdoesthespeakerplantodo?A.Findaparttimejob.B.Watchherspending.C.Cutcosts.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheImportanceofBeingEarnest—Author:OscarWilde—Score:3.825—Averagerating:4.17/5,basedon277,734ratingsThisedicplaybyOscarWildetakesasatirical(諷刺的)lookatVictoriansocialvalueswhilefollowingtwomen—JackWorthingandAlgernonMoncrieff—astheytellliestobeingsomeexcitementtotheirlives.TheImportanceofBeingEarnestwasWilde’sfinalplay,andsomeconsiderithismasterpiece.ARaisinintheSun—Author:LorraineHansberry—Score:3.550—Averagerating:3.76/5,basedon59,314ratingThestoryfollowstheYoungers,aworkingclassblackfamilylivingontheSouthSideofChicagowhomovetoanallwhiteneighborhoodduringatimeofdescregration(取消種族隔離).In1959,LorraineHansberrybecamethefirstblackplaywrighttogetaplayproducedonBroadway.Frankenstein—Author:MaryWollstonecraftShelley—Score:7.931—Averagerating:3.78/5,basedon1,032,148ratingsThestorywaspublishedin1818andintroducedreaderstoDrVictorFrankenstein,ascientistwhobringstolifeacreatureheassembledfromdiscardedcorpse(丟棄尸體)parts.AlthoughDrFrankensteinishorrifiedbyhiscreationandabandonsit,thecreaturemanagestoeducateitselfandthenseeksreverseonhiscreator.Thenovelexplorershumanity’sdesireforinnovationandthefearofchangeitbrings.AnimalForm—Author:GeorgeOrwell—Score:18.115—Averagerating:3.92/5,basedon2,377,098ratingsAgroupoffarmanimalsorganizesarevolt(起義)aftertheyrealizetheirmaster,MrJones,ismistreatingthemandofferingthemnothinginreturnfortheirwork.Whentheychallengetheleadership,theyaredisciplinedforspeakingout.Thisclassicisn’taboutanimalrights.Itisalargercritique(評(píng)論)onSovietmunism.OrwellwroteitasanattackagainstStalinisminRussia.1.IfyouaredoingaprojectaboutblackpeopleintheUS,whichbookmayinterestyoumost?A.TheImportanceofBeingEarnest. B.ARaisinintheSun.C.Frankenstein. D.AnimalFarm.2.WhatkindofbookisFrankenstein?A.Amysterystory. B.Ahorrornovel.C.Afairytale. D.Abiography.3.WhydidOrwellwriteAnimalFarm?A.TopromoteSovietmunism.B.Todocumentahistoricaleventinafunway.C.Toraisepeople’sawarenessofanimalrights.D.ToprotestagainstStalinistgovernmentpolicies.BIhadstoppedwhileonmywaybooktoLondon.Ispottedamanwithabackpackandhisthumbout.“I’mgoingbacktoLondon.Whichwayareyouheading?”Iasked.“Ah,thatwouldbegrand,”camehisimmediatereply.Hegotonmycar.“I’mBrendan.”hesaid,“Iwasgettingabitdesperate.Nobodyseemstostopthesedays.”Asweheadedeast,Brendantoldmehowthetworecentfamilytragedieshaddevastatedhimandpushedhimoutofhisoldlifeandontotheroad.“But,”hesaid,“Idon’tfeelsorryformyself.I’llalwaysknowwhatitfeelsliketobetrulyloved.”Brendanlaughedalotandenjoyedhisoldlifestyle,untillastweek,whenhe’dbeenrobbed.“Thesethreeyoungpeopletookmyotherbackpackandithadallmymoneyandpaperworkinit.Ihaven’teatenfordays.I’mhopingtogetsomecasualworkinLondon,soIcanthengetmyselfhometoIreland.”Itmusthavebeentheideaofgoinghomethatgotme,“Whydon’tIjustdropyouattheairportnow?”Isaid,“I’llbuyyouaticketandyoucanflyhome.Andhowmuchistheticket?”“It’s￡192,”hesaid.“Well,I’llgetyou￡200.”“Grand.”hereplied,withoutathink.Then,afterapause,hesaid,“Pleasedon’tworry.I’lldefinitelywireyouthemoneywhenIgethome.”Inthatmoment,Ihonestlybelievedhewould.Aftergettinghome,Itoldmywifethewholetale.￡200madehergasp(嘆氣).Feelingsurprisedatmytrusting,shelaughedandsaid,“Well,IhopeBrendangetshome.”Thatwaseightweeksagoandyouwon’tbesurprisedtohearthatI’veheardnothing.InowfeelhappierthinkingaboutBrendan.Heaskedforhelp,andingoodfaithIgaveittohim.That’sgottobeagoodthing.Isn’tthatthewholepointofunselfishness?Itisanacttohelpsomeoneelseatsomecosttooneself.Itwasn’taloan:IgavethemoneytoBrendan.Thecosttomyselfwas￡200.Maybetherealquestionshouldbe:didIgivehimenough?4.WhydidBrendanstarthistrip?A.Heencounteredfamilysufferings.B.Hewastiredofhisoldlifestyle.C.Hequarreledwithhisfamilymembers.D.Hedesiredtomakeafortune.5.WhatmadetheauthorthinkofhelpingBrendan?A.Brendan’soptimismtowardlife. B.Brendan’swaitingforapickup.C.Brendan’sdesiretogohome. D.Brendan’sexperienceofbeingrobbed.6.Whatmaytheauthor’swifeconsiderBrendantobe?A.Abeggar. B.Aliar.C.Agentleman. D.Ahomelessman.7.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromhisexperience?A.Thecostofbeingcheated. B.Thefaithofdoingagoodthing.C.Themeaningoftrueunselfishness. D.Theconditionofgivingaloan.CHaveyoueverseenacarwithoutadriver?Itsoundscrazy,buttheseputerdrivendriverlesscarswillsoonbefillingroadsnearyou.Techpaniesaroundtheworldhavebeendesigningandtestingdriverlessvehiclesandthetechnologyisavailablealready.Sohowdotheywork?Thecarsarecoveredinsensorsthatcandetectothercarsandobstaclesontheroad.Sensorsonthewheelsalsohelpwhenparking.Roadsignsarereadbycameras,andsatellitenavigationsystemsareused.Finally,acentralputersystemtakesinalltheinformationandprocessesthistoworkoutwhentoaccelerate,brakeandsteer.Allyouhavetodoistypeinthedestination.Soundslikeyourideaofheaven?Sitingback,lookingoutofthewindowsandevenwatchingafilmwhile“driving”willallbepossiblewiththisnewtechnology.Inaddition,putersaregenerallymoreefficientdriversthanhumans,meaningemissionscanbereduced.Theyalsodrivemoresafelythanpeople—theydon’tgetdistractedbymusicorfriends,theyobeythespeedlimitandtheyhavequickerreactiontimesincaseofanemergency.However,therearestillmanydrawbacksofdriverlesscars.puterswillhavedifficultiesmakingethical(道德上的)decisions.Ifachildranoutintotheroad,wouldtheputerchoosetohitthechildorturnasidesharplyandpotentiallyhurtthecar’spassengersinstead?Moreover,Ipersonallyfinddrivingfun.I’dmissneverbeingbehindthewheelmyself.Therewouldalsobelegalquestions.Shouldchildrenordrunkpeople,beallowedinadriverlesscarbythemselves?Orwouldthereneedtobearesponsibleadultwithadrivinglicenceinthecaratalltimes?Althoughbeingdrivenaroundbyamachinewouldperhapsmeanthatnooneneedsadrivinglicense,manypeoplewouldbeputoutofajobbythepopulationofdriverlesscars.Bus,taxiandtraindriverswouldbemaderedundant.I’mnotconvincedI’dwantadriverlesscar,letit’sonlyamatteroftimebeforethey’llbeemoreaffordableandmonplaceonourroads.8.Whatdoyouneedtodowhenusingadriverlesscar?A.Controlthesensors. B.Readtheroadsignscarefully.C.Puttheaddressintotheputer. D.Checkthesatellitenavigationsystems.9.Howdoestheauthoranalyzetheshortingsofdriverlesscars?A.Bymakingaparison. B.Byraisingsomequestions.C.Bysharingpersonalexperiences. D.Byanalyzingtheirharmfuleffects.10.Whatistheunderlinedword“redundant”closestinmeaningto?A.Replaceable. B.Crucial. C.Distinctive. D.Unwanted.11.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoffuturedriverlesscars?ATheywillbelessexpensive. B.Theywillconsumelessenergy.C.Theywilldomoreharmthangood. D.Theywillbemorestrictlycontrolled.DScientistshavealreadyestablishedfrommultiplestudiesthatMarscontainslargeamountsofwater.Mostofthewaterexistsintheformofice.Chineseresearcherssaytheyhavebuiltanartificialintelligence(AI)robotthatcanusematerialsfoundonMarstoproducecatalysts(催化劑)tobreakdownwaterandreleaseoxygen.ItcouldbeanotherwayforspacetravelersinthefuturetomakemuchneededoxygenonMars.ExperimentswerecarriedoutonmeteoritesthateithercamefromMarsorcontainedmaterialssimilartotheMartiansurface.The“robotchemist”firstusedanacidandchemicalmixturetoseparateandexaminematerialscontainedinthemeteorites.Itidentifiedseveraldifferentmetallicelementsandthenworkedtoidentifydifferentmolecules(分子)thatcouldbeproducedfrommeteoritematerials.Thesystemfoundmorethan3.7millionpossiblemoleculebinations.Therobotusedthatdatatopredictwhichcatalystswouldbeabletosplitwatermoleculestoproduceoxygen.Thecatalystchosenasthebestfitwasabletooperateatminus37degreesCelsius.ThistemperatureissimilartocurrentconditionsonMars.Thestudy’sleadwriter,JunJiang,saidthatasaboy,heoftendreamedofbeingabletoonedaytravelinspace.“Sowhenwefinallysawthatthecatalystsmadebytherobotcouldactuallyproduceoxygenbysplittingwatermolecules.Ifeltlikemydreamwasingtrue.IevenstartedtoimaginethatI,myself,willliveonMarsinthefuture.”Areportexplainingthestudy’sresultsnotesJiangsuggeststhatforeverysquaremeterofMartianmaterialhisgroup’ssystemcouldproducenearly60gramsofoxygenperhour.TheresearcherssaythislevelofproductioncouldremovetheneedforfutureastronautstotransportoxygenfromEarth.“Therobotcanworkcontinuouslyforyears.”Jiangsaid.Jiangsaid,“ItcouldalsobeusedtoproduceotherusefulcatalystsonMars.Thiscouldincludeprocessesformakingsubstancestosupportthegrowthofplantsthatcouldbeusedtoproducefoodforastronauts.Differentchemicalscanbemadebythisrobot.Marsmightalsonotbetheonlyplacewhereitcouldfindotherused,suggestingthemoonasanotherpossibility.”12.WhatdoChinesescientistsuseAIrobotstodointheresearch?A.TocollectwaterdatafromMars.B.ToproduceoxygenfromwateronMars.C.ToexploretheicecoverageonMars.D.ToassisthumansinsettlingdownonMars.13.WhichaspectoftheresearchdoesParagraph2focuson?A.Itsprocess. B.Itsscale. C.Itsresult. D.Itseffect.14.WhydoestheauthormentionJiang’sdream?A.Toexplainthechemicalreaction. B.Toadvocatespacetravel.C.Toprovethesuccessofthestudy. D.ToshowthefuturelifeonMars.15.WhatdoesJiangstressinthelastparagraph?A.ThesubstancesforgrowingplantsonMars.B.Theexistenceofoxygenonthemoon.C.ThepossiblediscoveryofchemicalsonMars.D.ThepotentialapplicationofAIrobots.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Durian(榴蓮)pricesinChina—theworld’stopmarketforthespiky,pungentfruittypicallyregardedasanexpensiveitem—havefallenbyover30percentthismonth,whichdelightsdurianloversalotandtheyevencouldn’twaittoenjoyone.However,manypeoplefinditchallengingandoverwhelmingwhenfacedwithamountainofspikydurianstandswhentheyarebuyingasatisfyingdurian.____16____Taponit(notwithyourhand).Ifadurianisripe,itshould“soundlikehittingadrum”,asthefruitismorehollowwithgapsofairinsidethefruit.____17____Theseedsaresuretohaveloosenedupwhenweshakearipendurian.Adarkerstemmeansthatthedurianhasbeenharvestedmuchearlier,so,obviously,itisn’tsuitableforustochoose.____18____Aperfectlyellipticaldurianisnotnecessarilythemostdelicious!Ifthedurianhasbulging(鼓起的)sides,itisoftenanindicationthattheseedsarefleshy.Ifthesidesareconcave,itislikelythechamberisempty.Oddshapedduriansalsodonotmeanthatthereislessmeat.____19____It’smonlyacknowledgedthatlargerandrounderfruitswillalwaysbedrawnattentionto,butasfordurians,biggerisnotnecessarilybetter.____20____It’swiseofyoutoavoidadurianofhugesizewhichseemsdelicious.Youwon’tmissatastydurianforyourcarefulchoice.A.Purchasingadurian,listenoutfortappingsounds.B.Nexttimeyoubuyadurian,doremembertochooseabiggerone.C.Inaddition,onemustalsolearntoobservetheshapeofthedurian.D.Hereareafewpracticaltipstohelpyoubeeaskilleddurianpicker.E.Followingthetipsbelow,you’llfinditnotdifficulttobreakoffadurian.F.Theperfectweightofdurianis1.5to2kg,whichprovidesthebestflavors.G.Theyareusuallymorefragrant(芳香的)andcreamierparedtoperfectlyroundeddurians.第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Wewereacrowdofpeoplefromdifferentvillageswhotookthebuseverydaythatsummer33yearsago.Duringtheearlymorning____21____fromthesuburb,wesatlazilywithourcollarsuptoourcars.Oneofthe____22____wasasmallgreymanwhotookthebustothecentrefortheelderlyeverymorning.Hewalkedwithaheavilybentbodyanda____23____lookonhisfacewhenhe____24____thebusandsatdownalonebehindthedriver.Nooneeverpaidverymuchattentiontohim.ThenoneJulymorninghesaidgoodmorningtothedriverbeforesittingdown.Thedriver____25____guardedly,therestofussilent.Thenextday,theoldmangotonthebus____26____,smiledandsaidinaloudvoice:“Andaverygoodmorningtoyouall!”Someofuslookedup,amazed,andmurmured“Goodmorning.”____27____.Thefollowingweeks,hesaidgoodmorningtouseverydayandwe____28____begantonodandtalktoeachother.Thesummer____29____,andautumnwasclosingin.Onemorningthelovelyoldmanwasn’twaitingathisusualstopandeveninthefollowingdays.Westarted_____30_____ifhewassickor—hopefully—onholidaysomewhere.Whenwecamenearertothecentrefor_____31_____citizens,theconductorknewwhoweweretalkingaboutandtoldusduetohis_____32_____age,thegentlemanhadgoneabroadtolivewithhisson.Insidethebuswasashort_____33_____.Then,allofus,whohehadmadesucha/an_____34_____onthatsummer,_____35_____himwellwithdelightedtearsinoureyes.21.A.walk B.ride C.flight D.drive22.A.passengers B.friends C.designers D.entertainers23.A.joyful B.surprised C.confused D.tired24.A.left B.boarded C.saw D.avoided25.A.shook B.blinked C.nodded D.stretched26A.energetically B.permanently C.unwillingly D.slowly27.A.inadvance B.indetails C.insight D.inreply28.A.immediately B.gradually C.directly D.frequently29.A.wentaway B.wenton C.wentback D.wentby30.A.wondering B.requesting C.telling D.checking31.A.junior B.young C.senior D.sick32.A.embarrassing B.admirable C.golden D.growing33.A.pleasure B.silence C.cheer D.scare34.A.impression B.ment C.decision D.agreement35.A.kept B.left C.wished D.thought第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Encouragedbybeatingdrumsandspiritedcheeringfromthecrowd,paddlersfrommorethan60dragonboatteamsmadeasplashatSalfordQuaysinGreaterManchester,Englandontheweekend____36____(celebrate)thetraditionalChineseDragonBoatFestival.TheUKChineseDragonBoatFestivalthisyearfeaturedthe____37____(participate)ofsomeworldrenownedsportsclubs,ManchesterUnitedFC,ManchesterCityFC,andSalfordRedDevilsrugbyleagueclub____38____(include),whichbroughtanewlevelofexcitementtotheevent,andafusionofsportsculture.Thisyearmarksthe10thstagingoftheUKfestival,____39____issaidtobeoneofthelargestdragonboateventsinEuropeandoneof____40____(significant)cultureandsportshighlightsintheUK.Sinceitbeganin2012,thepetition____41____(organize)bytheXinhuaChineseAssociation(XCA)inpartnershipwithSalfordCityCouncilandtheBritishDragonBoatRacingAssociation.Inaddition____42____boatraces,thisyear’scelebrationinManchesterfeaturedavarietyofculturalperformances,includingdragonandliondances,kungfu,andwaistdrumdances,attractingmanycuriousandinterested____43____(passerby).Peoplealsoenjoyedzongzi,atypeof____44____(stick)ricedumplingthatis_____45_____traditionalChinesetreatduringDragonBoatFestival.第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假設(shè)你是李華，你的英國(guó)筆友Jason近日寫(xiě)信給你，想了解中國(guó)高中生使用智能的情況。請(qǐng)給他寫(xiě)一封回信。內(nèi)容包括：1.中國(guó)高中生使用智能的現(xiàn)狀；2.你對(duì)高中生使用智能的看法。注意：1.詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearJason,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Igrewupinasmalltownwheretheprimaryschoolwastenminutes’walkfrommyhome.SoIwouldrushbackhomeforlunch.OnelunchtimewhenIwasinthefourthgradewillalwaysbekeptinmymind.Ihadbeenpickedtobetheprincessintheschoolplay.However,nomatterhowsmoothlyIreadlinesat