湖北省武漢市新洲區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期6月期末英語試題

20232024學(xué)年度下學(xué)期期末新洲區(qū)部分學(xué)校高中二年級(jí)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試卷考試時(shí)間：120分鐘滿分:150分第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhatmayJoegoodat?A.Playingbridge.B.Playingchess.C.Playingfightinggames.2.Wherearethespeakersnow?A.Inashoestore.B.Atastreetcorner.C.Inthemiddleofablock.3.Whatisthewoman'sattitudetotheman’smistake?A.Impatient.B.Understanding.C.Guilty.4.Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A.Windowshopping.B.Buyingclothes.C.Paintingapicture.5.Howdoesthemanwantthebeefcooked?A.Briefly.B.Partly.C.Thoroughly.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whenisthenewmoviesupposedtoeout?A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.7.Whatdotheyplantodobeforethemovie?A.VisitTowerRecords.B.Haveameal.C.Buytickets.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoesthewomanintendtocheckout?A.Historylessons.B.Herclassarrangement.C.Businessmunicationclass.9.What'sthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Motherandson.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoesthegirlthinkofherfatherdoingyoga?A.It’sstrange.B.It’shelpful.C.It’sserious.11.Whydidthefathergotothedoctor?A.Hehadheartdisease.B.Hewasstressedout.C.Hesufferedfromloneliness.12.Whathasthefatherstartedtodo?A.Eatless.B.Sleeplater.C.Relaxmore.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhydoesAndreamakeacall?A.Toextendpayment.B.Toreturnthefavor.C.Toborrowsomemoney.14.WhatisAndreareadytodotosolvetheproblem?A.Paydoublecash.B.Makeapromise.C.Placeonemoreorder.15.WhatdoesPhilthinkofthenegotiation?A.It’speaceful.B.It’sdifficult.C.It’sawinwin.16.WhatwillPhildonext?A.Receiveanemail.B.Sendanemail.C.Answeranemail.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthetextabout?A.Buyingabighouse.B.Rentinganewflat.C.Sellinganoldapartment.18.Whatmadethefamilydecidetomoveinthenewhome?AItspricewasattractive.B.Ithadlargerspace.C.It’swarminwinter.19.Whatprobablydisappointedthefamilyaboutthenewhome?A.Thewindows.B.Thegarden.C.Thegreenhouse.20.Howdidthefamilyfeelinsummer?A.fortable.B.Tolerant.C.Unbearable.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AArtClassesinLibrariesYoungAuthorsClubRedmondLibraryTeensinmiddleandhighschoolareinvitedtowritestoriesandshareyourloveofcreativewriting!Getideasforyourfanfiction,storyorpoem.TakepartinwritingthenextvolumeoftheRoundRobinChronicles.Snacksprovided.Pleaseregisteratdtduong@.Date:16May—17MayTime:4:30PM—6:00PMAfterSchoolKnitAlongDuvallLibraryWanttolearnhowtoknit?Orareyoualreadyaknitterbutstrugglingonyourlatestproject?eforsnacks,tunesandamunityofcrafters.Knittingsuppliesprovided,butfeelfreetobringyourownmaterials.Ages9andolder.Book24hoursinadvance.Date:21May—23MayTime:4:30PM—5:30PMSecondFridayArtsforAdults:WatercolorsKenmoreLibraryetothelibrarytocreatecasualartinarelaxedandfriendlyenvironment.Wewillhavebasicartssupplies,teaandsnacksandquietmusic.Youcanalsobringyourownprojecttoworkon!InJune,wewillhavewatercolorpaperandbasicwatercolorandbrushsets.Registrationisnotrequired.Dropinatanytime.Date:8June—10JuneTime:4:30PM—6:00PMSew,Whatever!FederalWayLibraryExplorefreetousesewingmachineswithhelpfromstaff.Bringyourownprojectsandpracticeyourskillswithashortmonthlyproject.ThosewithlimitedsewingexperiencearestronglyencouragedtoattendaSewingMachineBasicsclassintheMakerspacebeforeattendingthisclass.Date:12June—13JuneTime:5:30PM—7:30PM1.Whichlibraryshouldyouchooseifyou’reinterestedinwriting?A.RedmondLibrary. B.DuvallLibrary.C.KenmoreLibrary. D.FederalWayLibrary.2.Whatmustyoudoifyouwanttoattendtheknittingclass?A.Payforanentrancefee. B.Makeareservation.C.Bringyourknittingsupplies. D.Attendaknitbasicsclass.3.WhatdoweknowaboutSew,Whatever?A.It’samonthlongclass. B.Itissuitableforbeginners.C.Itservesteaandquietmusic. D.Itprovidessewingmachinesforfree.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四項(xiàng)圖書館的藝術(shù)課程的相關(guān)信息和細(xì)節(jié)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“YoungAuthorsClub(青年作家俱樂部)”部分中的“Teensinmiddleandhighschoolareinvitedtowritestoriesandshareyourloveofcreativewriting!(邀請(qǐng)初中和高中的青少年寫故事，分享你對(duì)創(chuàng)意寫作的熱愛)”可知，Redmond圖書館邀請(qǐng)中學(xué)生寫故事和分享他們對(duì)創(chuàng)意寫作的熱愛，所以如果對(duì)寫作感興趣，應(yīng)該選擇Redmond圖書館。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“AfterSchoolKnitAlong(放學(xué)后一起編織)”部分中的“Wanttolearnhowtoknit?...Knittingsuppliesprovided,butfeelfreetobringyourownmaterials.Ages9andolder.Book24hoursinadvance.(想學(xué)習(xí)如何編織？提供編織用品，但請(qǐng)自備材料。年齡要求9歲及以上。提前24小時(shí)預(yù)約)”可知，如果想上編織課，必須提前24小時(shí)預(yù)約。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Explorefreetousesewingmachineswithhelpfromstaff.(在工作人員的幫助下探索免費(fèi)使用的縫紉機(jī))”可知，F(xiàn)ederalWayLibrary的Sew,Whatever!課程提供了免費(fèi)的縫紉機(jī)供人們使用。故選D項(xiàng)。BPopularcultureoftenshowsalcoholasabigpartofthecollegeexperienceintheUnitedStates.TelevisionprogramsandmoviesaboutAmericancollegelifehaveimagesofwildpartieswithyoungpeopleeitherdrinkingalcoholorholdingadrink.Now,anewstudyofalcoholusesuggeststhatsomecollegestudentsmaybemissingmealssotheycanhavemoredrinksorgetdrunkfaster.Researchersarecallingthiskindofbehavior"drunkorexia".Thestudyinvolved1,184collegestudentsbetweentheagesof18and26.Researchersfoundthat80percentofthosestudiedhaddemonstratedsomekindofdrunkorexiainthepastthreemonths.Theyhadperformedheavyphysicalexercise,eatenlowcaloriemealsorevenmissedmealsforuptoafulldaybeforedrinkingalcohol.DipaliRinkerorganizedthestudyandpresenteditsfindingstotheResearchSocietyonAlcoholisminJune.Shesaysstudentsseedrunkorexiaasawaytokeeptheirbodyweightdownwhiledrinkingalcohol.Anditcausesthemtofeeltheeffectsofalcoholquicklyandwithmoreintensity(強(qiáng)度).Rinkersaysunhealthyeatinghabitsareonlyoneofthereasonswhythistypeofbehaviorisdangerous.Heavydrinkingislinkedtodrunkdriving,unprotectedsex,andalcoholpoisoning.GeorgeKoob,whodirectsaU.S.governmentalagencythatstudiesalcoholrelatedproblems,saysthatthepercentofstudentsusingalcoholhasnotincreasedinrecentyears.Butwhatworrieshimisthatthenumberofstudentsdrinkingtothepointof"blackingout"hasincreased.Blackingoutiswhenapersondrinkssomuchalcoholtheyhavenomemoryoftheiractionswhiledrunk.KoobnotesthatcollegestudentsinCanadaandEuropealsofaceissueswithalcohol.ButhefeelsabigpartoftheproblemisthatAmericansdonotfullyunderstandalcohol'seffects.Mostpeopledonotknowthepartofthebrainwheredecisionsaremadeisnotfullydevelopeduntilage25andthatalcoholharmsthedevelopmentofthatpartofthebrain,headds.4.Whatisthepurposeofthebehavior"drunkorexia"?A.Togetdrunk. B.Todrinkmorealcohol.C.Totakeexercise. D.Toloseweight.5.Whatcanheavydrinkingresultin?AUnhealthyeatinghabits. B.Drunkorexia.C.Alcoholpoisoning. D.Quickresponse.6.Whichofthefollowingistheresultof“blackingout”?A.Missingmeals. B.Forgettingsomethingonedid.C.Havingunprotectedsex. D.Operatingavehiclewhiledrunk.7.Bywritingthepassage,thewriteraimsto________.A.showheavydrinkinganditsharm B.showAmericacollegelifeC.introduceAmericanculture D.explainharmfulbehaviors【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.A【解析】【分析】文章講述了美國大學(xué)生飲酒過量的現(xiàn)象，以及飲酒過量所帶來的后果。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容Shesaysstudentsseedrunkorexiaasawaytokeeptheirbodyweightdownwhiledrinkingalcohol.（她說學(xué)生們喝酒時(shí)把drunkorexia作為一種減輕體重的方法）可知，故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段列出的過度飲酒所導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果Heavydrinkingislinkedtodrunkdriving,unprotectedsex,andalcoholpoisoning.可知，C項(xiàng)是可能后果之一?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中關(guān)于blackingout的說明Blackingoutiswhenapersondrinkssomuchalcoholtheyhavenomemoryoftheiractionswhiledrunk.可知，blackingout是一個(gè)人喝太多酒時(shí)，對(duì)他們喝醉酒時(shí)的行為失去記憶的時(shí)刻。故blackingout的結(jié)果是忘記一個(gè)人所做的事。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可看出，文章介紹了美國大學(xué)生過度飲酒的現(xiàn)象，以及過度飲酒所造成的傷害。故作者的寫作目的就是為了顯示過度飲酒和它的危害。故選A。CScientistshavediscoveredtheworld’slargestknownfieldofseagrass.Theydiditusingvideosshotbysomeunusualhelpers:tigersharks.Theworkshouldhelpprotecttheseagrass,andalsoshowsoffapowerfulwaytoexploretheocean.Seagrassesarefloweringplantsthatnormallygrowinshallowwatersnearcoasts.Theygrowinthickfields，knownasmeadows(草地).Seagrassmeadowshelpcleantheocean’swater,andprovidefoodandshelterformanyseacreatures.Seagrassesstorehugeamountsofcarbon—theharmfulpollutionthat’smakingglobalwarmingworse.Damagingtheseseagrassmeadowscanreleasethispollutionagain,soit’simportanttoprotectthem.Fromabove,themeadowscanbehardtospot,eitherbecausethewateristoodeepornotclearenough.Andtheoceanissohugethatit’ssimplynotpossibletostudyitallbydiving.Soateamofscientistsdecidedtohavesharkshelpwiththeresearch.Tigersharksarehuge,strong,anddeadly.Buttheyalsoliveunderwater,arefastswimmers,andspendalotoftimeinseagrassmeadows.Between2016and2020,ateamofresearchersattachedcamerasandothertrackerstothefins(鰭)ofseventigersharks.Aftercatchingthesharks,thescientistsworkedquicklytoattachtheequipment,andthenletthemgoagain.ThescientistshavelearnedthatthewatersaroundtheBahamasarehometothelargestseagrassmeadoweverdiscoveredandthattheworldhasroughly40%moreseagrassmeadowsthantheypreviouslythought.Theprogrammeshowshowusefullargeunderwateranimalscanbeinhelpingtolearnmoreaboutlifeunderthesea.OliverShipleyisascientistatBeneaththeWaves,whichledthework.Hesaysanimalsliketigersharks“...aregoingtotakeustonewplacesthatwedidn’tknowexisted.”8.WhatcanbeknownaboutseagrassesinParagraph2?A.Theyhelpfightglobalwarming. B.Theyneedtoberemovedregularly.C.Theymainlyliveonseacreatures. D.Theygrowindeepwatersoftheocean.9.WhyareTigersharkschosenbyscientists?A.Theyaresensitivetoseagrasses. B.Camerasareeasilyfixedonthem.C.Theyarethemostfaithfulseaanimals. D.Theyspendmuchtimeinseagrassmeadows.10.WhatdoesOliverShipleythinkofseaanimals?A.Theyaredangerous. B.Theyareadorable.C.Theyarehelpful. D.Theyaresmart.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Manynewplacesintheoceanneedexploring.B.Sharkshelpdiscoverworld’slargestseagrassmeadow.C.Scientistshavefoundapowerfulwaytoprotecttheocean.D.Largeunderwateranimalscontributealottotheocean.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了世界上已知的最大的海草場(chǎng)。他們使用一些不尋常的助手拍攝的視頻來做到這一點(diǎn)：虎鯊。這項(xiàng)工作應(yīng)該有助于保護(hù)海草，同時(shí)也展示了一種探索海洋的強(qiáng)大方式?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Seagrassesstorehugeamountsofcarbon—theharmfulpollutionthat’smakingglobalwarmingworse.Damagingtheseseagrassmeadowscanreleasethispollutionagain,soit’simportanttoprotectthem.(海草儲(chǔ)存了大量的碳——這種有害污染正在加劇全球變暖。破壞這些海草草地會(huì)再次釋放這種污染，所以保護(hù)它們很重要)”可知，海草能夠幫助對(duì)抗全球變暖。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Buttheyalsoliveunderwater,arefastswimmers,andspendalotoftimeinseagrassmeadows.(但它們也生活在水下，游泳速度很快，在海草草地上度過了很多時(shí)間)”可知，科學(xué)家們選用虎鯊是因?yàn)樗麄兩钤谒拢斡舅俣群芸?，并且?huì)在海草草地上度過很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“OliverShipleyisascientistatBeneaththeWaves,whichledthework.Hesaysanimalsliketigersharks“...aregoingtotakeustonewplacesthatwedidn’tknowexisted.”(OliverShipley是“海浪之下”組織的科學(xué)家，該組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了這項(xiàng)研究。他說像虎鯊這樣的動(dòng)物“……將把我們帶到我們不知道存在的新地方?！?”可推知，OliverShipley認(rèn)為海洋動(dòng)物是有幫助的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Scientistshavediscoveredtheworld’slargestknownfieldofseagrass.Theydiditusingvideosshotbysomeunusualhelpers:tigersharks.Theworkshouldhelpprotecttheseagrass,andalsoshowsoffapowerfulwaytoexploretheocean.(科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了世界上已知最大的海草地。他們用虎鯊拍攝的視頻來做這件事。這項(xiàng)工作應(yīng)該有助于保護(hù)海草，也展示了一種探索海洋的強(qiáng)大方式)”且通讀整篇文章可知，文章講述的虎鯊幫助科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了世界上已知的最大的海草場(chǎng)。故選B項(xiàng)。DIfanyoneknowswhatmakesagreatchildren'sbook，itmustbeSussexauthorandillustrator（插圖畫家）JaneHissey.Her"OldBear"bookshaveachievedclassicstatusinavarietyofformats.ImetJaneatherhomeintheEastSussexcountrysideandaskedherwhatshethoughtthesecretofaclassicchildren'sbookwas."That'sadifficultone,Isupposeithasgottoberelatedtochildren'sstageofdevelopmentforyoungchildren,picturesonapagethatarefamiliar;forolderchildren,anexperience.Thebookshouldbefamiliar,butholdsomesurprisestootokeeptheinterest.Itmustinspireanddelightthem,buttherearethethingsthathappeneveryday."Afterthebirthofherfirstchild,shegaveupteachingandworkedonherownartwork,drawingpicturesofteddybears.AneditorfromapublishingpanysawherworkandinvitedJanetodoachildren'sbook.Overtheyears,fromthefirst"OldBear"bookin1986,herchildrenhavemadeahugecontributionespeciallyintermsofplots.Shesaid,"Iusedtogivemychildrenthetoystoplaywithandtheyhadteapartiesandsoon.Oneofmybearcharacters,'LittleBear',isthesameageasRalph,myyoungest,who'ssevennow.Allthechildrenhavejoinedinmyworkand,inyearstoe,theywillrealizehowmuch.""IhopeI'llknowwhenpeoplearegettingtiredofthecharacters.Ifevertheydid,IthinkI'dgoondrawingthemforfun,"Janecontinued."Myownchildrenhavebeenveryusefultomeinmywork,butastheyareoldernow,I'lljusthavetohopethatotherpeople'schildrencaninspireme."12.WhatisJane'sopinionaboutasuccessfulchildren'sbook?A.Itcontainssomethingunexpected.B.Itoffersanescapefromeverydaylife.C.It'smoreattractiveaschildrengetolder.D.It'ssetinaplaceknowntoitsreaders.13.WhydidJanetakeupwritingbooks?A.Shegottoknowaneditor.B.Shehopedtomakeclassicchildren'sbooks.C.Herartworkattractedaprofessional.D.Shewrotestoriesforherownchildren.14.HowdidJane'schildrenassistherinherwork?AByhelpingherconcentrateonherwork.B.Bytellinghertheirownstories.C.Bysuggestingcharactersforherstories.D.Bygivingherideasforherstories.15.WhatisJane'sattitudetowardsherfuturework？A.Encouraged. B.Uncertain.C.Tired. D.Disappointed.【答案】12A13.C14.D15.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了JaneHissey創(chuàng)作兒童書的經(jīng)歷和對(duì)此的看法?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的"Thebookshouldbefamiliar,butholdsomesurprisestootokeeptheinterest."可知，Jane認(rèn)為一本成功的兒童書要包括一些驚喜，故A項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Afterthebirthofherfirstchild,shegaveupteachingandworkedonherownartwork,drawingpicturesofteddybears.AneditorfromapublishingpanysawherworkandinvitedJanetodoachildren'sbook."可知，在Jane的第一個(gè)孩子出生之后，她開始畫畫，然后她的作品吸引了出版公司的一個(gè)編輯，這個(gè)編輯邀請(qǐng)她出一本兒童書，由此可知，Jane從事創(chuàng)作兒童書是因?yàn)樗淖髌肺艘粋€(gè)專業(yè)人士，故C項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Allthechildrenhavejoinedinmyworkand，inyearstoe，theywillrealizehowmuch"可知，Jane的孩子在她創(chuàng)作時(shí)給了她一些想法，故D項(xiàng)正確。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Myownchildrenhavebeenveryusefultomeinmywork,butastheyareoldernow,I'lljusthavetohopethatotherpeople'schildrencaninspireme.”可知，Jane的孩子已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)大，她希望其他人的孩子可以給她創(chuàng)作靈感，所以她對(duì)未來的工作不確定，故B項(xiàng)正確。第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。GuiltyPleasures?Youmighthaveheardoftheexpression“aguiltypleasure”—maybeit’sthechocolatebaryoubuyonthewayhomefromwork,orthenewclothesthatyoudon’treallyneed.Itesfromtheideathatwhenwetreatourselves,itcansometimesleaveusfeelingguilty.Perhapswedon’tfeelwedeservedit,orwedon’tthinkitwasaresponsiblewaytospendourmoney.Butshouldwefeellikethis?___16___Perhapsnot.Psychologistshavesuggestedthatbuyingthingsforyourselfcanmakeyoufeelbetterasitprovidesanopportunitytotakecontrolofyoursituation.___17___Itmaybethataswellasliftingyourmood,whenyoubuyatreat,youmightjustbelookingafteryourself.Ofcourse,therearealsoexamplesofpeopleturningtodestructivebehaviourwhenfacedwithstressfulcircumstances.Peoplemightspendmoneythattheydon’thaveatallorturntosomedangerousaddictions.___18___Selfindulgencecanberecklessandhavenegativeconsequences,whileselfnurturingistakingresponsibledecisionstosatisfyourneedsandtakecareofourselvesinwaysthatdon’thaveasignificantimpact.___19___Manyuniversitiespublishguideswithadviceforcopingwithexamstress.It’sessentialtoreflectthedifferencebetweenselfindulgenceandselfnurture.___20___Theyalsosuggestdoingthingsthatyouenjoymuchandaregoodatsothatyoucanfeelacplishmentandtoavoidthingsthatmaymakeyoufeelworseafterwards.Soperhaps,aslongaswemakeresponsibledecisions,weshouldn’tfeelguiltyaboutourguiltypleasures.A.Doweneedtohaveaguiltyorclearconscience?B.Dowereallyhavetofeelguiltyabouttreatingourselves?C.Onestressthatpeoplemayneedtodealwithisexamstress.D.Psychologistsremendrewardingyourselfforyourefforts.E.Soweshouldkeepabalancebetweenselfindulgenceandselfnurturing.F.Itcangiveyousocialcontactandaconfidenceboostbychangingyourimage.G.PsychologistLeonSeltzerconsidersthedifferencebetweenselfindulgenceandselfnurturing.【答案】16.B17.F18.G19.C20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。本文探討了“罪惡快感”的概念，指出適度的自我獎(jiǎng)賞可以提升情緒、增強(qiáng)自信，但應(yīng)避免過度放縱導(dǎo)致的負(fù)面后果。同時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)了在壓力下，通過負(fù)責(zé)任的自我滋養(yǎng)而非自我放縱，可以更好地照顧自己。【16題詳解】根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Butshouldwefeellikethis?(但我們真的需要感到這樣嗎？)”這句話提出問題，詢問我們是否應(yīng)該對(duì)自我獎(jiǎng)賞感到內(nèi)疚。選項(xiàng)B“Dowereallyhavetofeelguiltyabouttreatingourselves?(我們真的需要因?yàn)楠?jiǎng)賞自己而感到內(nèi)疚嗎？)”承接上文，繼續(xù)提出問題：我們真的需要因?yàn)楠?jiǎng)賞自己而感到內(nèi)疚嗎？下文第二段段首“Perhapsnot.(也許不是)”對(duì)問題進(jìn)行了回答；由此可知，B選項(xiàng)符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Psychologistshavesuggestedthatbuyingthingsforyourselfcanmakeyoufeelbetterasitprovidesanopportunitytotakecontrolofyoursituation.(心理學(xué)家建議，為自己購買東西可以讓你感覺更好，因?yàn)樗峁┝艘粋€(gè)掌控自己處境的機(jī)會(huì)。)”說明購物可以提升情緒，并且提供掌控感。選項(xiàng)F“Itcangiveyousocialcontactandaconfidenceboostbychangingyourimage.(它可以通過改變你的形象給你社交接觸和自信的提升。)”進(jìn)一步闡述了購物對(duì)個(gè)人形象和自信的積極影響，符合語境。故選F項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】上文“Peoplemightspendmoneythattheydon’thaveatallorturntosomedangerousaddictions.(當(dāng)人們可能會(huì)花他們根本沒有的錢，或者轉(zhuǎn)向一些危險(xiǎn)的上癮。)”提到了人們?cè)趬毫ο驴赡茏晕曳趴v的不健康行為；選項(xiàng)G“PsychologistLeonSeltzerconsidersthedifferencebetweenselfindulgenceandselfnurturing.(心理學(xué)家LeonSeltzer考慮了自我放縱和自我滋養(yǎng)之間的區(qū)別。)”承接上文，指出心理學(xué)家LeonSeltzer考慮了自我放縱和自我滋養(yǎng)之間的區(qū)別；下文“Selfindulgencecanberecklessandhavenegativeconsequences,whileselfnurturingistakingresponsibledecisionstosatisfyourneedsandtakecareofourselvesinwaysthatdon’thaveasignificantimpact.(自我放縱可能是魯莽的，會(huì)帶來負(fù)面后果，而自我培養(yǎng)是做出負(fù)責(zé)任的決定，以滿足我們的需求，并以不會(huì)產(chǎn)生重大影響的方式照顧好自己。)”承接G選項(xiàng)，詳細(xì)闡述了自我放縱和自我滋養(yǎng)之間的區(qū)別。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】下文“Manyuniversitiespublishguideswithadviceforcopingwithexamstress.(許多大學(xué)發(fā)布指南，提供應(yīng)對(duì)考試壓力的建議。)”提到了大學(xué)提供的關(guān)于應(yīng)對(duì)考試壓力的建議；由此可知，設(shè)空處與考試壓力有關(guān)；選項(xiàng)C“Onestressthatpeoplemayneedtodealwithisexamstress.(人們可能需要應(yīng)對(duì)的一種壓力是考試壓力。)”符合語境，“examstress”為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】下文“Theyalsosuggestdoingthingsthatyouenjoymuchandaregoodatsothatyoucanfeelacplishmentandtoavoidthingsthatmaymakeyoufeelworseafterwards.(他們還建議做你非常喜歡并且擅長(zhǎng)的事情，這樣你可以感到成就，并且避免之后可能讓你感覺更糟的事情。)”指出，他們也建議做喜歡或擅長(zhǎng)的事情來獲得成就感，結(jié)合句中“also”可知，設(shè)空處是一個(gè)關(guān)于自我滋養(yǎng)的建議；選項(xiàng)D“Psychologistsremendrewardingyourselfforyourefforts.(心理學(xué)家建議獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)自己的努力。)”符合語境，下文中的代詞“They”指代選項(xiàng)中的“Psychologists”。故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。HammondistheonlywheelchairnurseintheUKwithanassistancedog.Havingdisabilitiesmostofherlife,shewasalways____21____thatnurseswerecaring,whichmotivatedhertobeeanursetohelppeople.Itwouldn’tbeeasy.Butnothingwould____22____herpassion.Shelovesbeingableto____23____herclientstosetachievablegoals,helpingthem____24____thesupportintheirchanginglives.It’sreallyhelpfultounderstandthe____25____herclientsmaybehaving.Shehasbeenthere:she____26____athome,shehadtoreceivecare.Sheusedtobeadancer,sowhenshebecameawheelchairuserandpeopleaskedherwhather____27____are,shewouldchokeupbecauseshedidn’thaveanymore.Thenitwasluckyforhertofindtheloveofdogsandherlifegotbackon____28____.Shehopesshecanusethattoguidepeopleto____29____themselves.Herassistancedog,OchoaidsHammondwithher____30____difficulties,whileheisalsoatherapydog,fortingherclients.However,shepletelyunderstandsthatnoteveryonewillwantadogintheirhome.Patients’homesare____31____.Sobeforetakinghimtothefirst____32____shewouldcallherclientsandgivethemthe____33____toacceptorrefusehim.SometimesHammondcandoherjobwithouthim____34____ifheisinjuredorsick.Hammondwouldlovetoseemoredisableddoctorsandnursesworkinginthisfield.Likeher,theywouldbringtheirown____35____toimprovepatientcare.21.A.uncertain B.surprised C.afraid D.aware22.A.passon B.holdback C.wakeup D.resultin23.A.shape B.inspire C.force D.follow24.A.deliver B.update C.access D.express25.A.depression B.fortune C.sympathy D.freedom26.A.struggled B.waited C.worked D.retired27.A.duties B.challenges C.excuses D.hobbies28.A.schedule B.track C.purpose D.guard29.A.ment B.award C.behave D.rediscover30.A.secret B.social C.physical D.financial31.A.safe B.worn C.private D.remote32.A.visit B.operation C.accident D.tour33.A.guess B.response C.service D.choice34.A.temporarily B.gradually C.generally D.casually35.A.honors B.experiences C.researches D.needs【答案】21.D22.B23.B24.C25.A26.A27.D28.B29.D30.C31.C32.A33.D34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。講述了Hammond作為輪椅護(hù)士的經(jīng)歷和感悟，以及她與她的援助犬Ocho之間的故事?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她一生中大部分時(shí)間都是殘疾人，但她始終意識(shí)到護(hù)士的關(guān)懷，這促使她成為一名護(hù)士，幫助人們。A.uncertain不確定的；B.surprised驚訝；C.afraid害怕的；D.aware意識(shí)到。根據(jù)后文“whichmotivatedhertobeeanursetohelppeople”可知，應(yīng)是她意識(shí)到護(hù)士的關(guān)懷，才促使她成為一名護(hù)士。故選D項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：但沒有什么能阻擋她的熱情。A.passon傳遞；B.holdback阻止；C.wakeup醒醒；D.resultin導(dǎo)致。根據(jù)前文“Havingdisabilitiesmostofherlife”可知，Hammond大部分時(shí)間都是殘疾人，但是不能阻擋她成為護(hù)士的熱情。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她喜歡能夠激勵(lì)她的病人設(shè)定可實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)，幫助他們?cè)诓粩嘧兓纳钪蝎@得支持。A.shape塑造；B.inspire激勵(lì)；C.force強(qiáng)迫；D.follow跟隨。根據(jù)后文“tosetachievablegoals”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，應(yīng)是激勵(lì)她的病人設(shè)定可實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)，符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她喜歡能夠激勵(lì)她的病人設(shè)定可實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)，幫助他們?cè)诓粩嘧兓纳钪蝎@得支持。A.deliver遞送；B.update更新；C.access使用；D.express表達(dá)。根據(jù)后文“thesupportintheirchanginglives”可知，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)是“幫助他們?cè)诓粩嘧兓纳钪蝎@得支持”符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：了解她的客戶可能患有的抑郁癥真的很有幫助。A.depression抑郁；B.fortune財(cái)富；C.sympathy同情；D.freedom自由。根據(jù)前文“HammondistheonlywheelchairnurseintheUKwithanassistancedog.”可知，Hammond是一名護(hù)士，所以她的客戶應(yīng)是病人，所以根據(jù)選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)是客戶可能患有的抑郁癥，符合實(shí)際。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她一直在那里：她在家里掙扎，她不得不接受照顧。A.struggled斗爭(zhēng)；B.waited等待；C.worked工作；D.retired退休。根據(jù)后文“Sheusedtobeadancer,sowhenshebecameawheelchairuser”可知，Hammond曾經(jīng)是一名舞者，現(xiàn)在要坐輪椅，她一定是掙扎過的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她曾經(jīng)是一名舞者，所以當(dāng)她成為輪椅使用者時(shí)，人們問她的愛好是什么，她會(huì)哽咽，因?yàn)樗龥]有其他愛好。A.duties職責(zé)；B.challenges挑戰(zhàn)；C.excuses借口；D.hobbies業(yè)余愛好。根據(jù)前文“Sheusedtobeadancer,sowhenshebecameawheelchairuser”以及后文“shewouldchokeupbecauseshedidn’thaveanymore”可知，Hammond曾經(jīng)是一名舞者，但現(xiàn)在要坐輪椅，以至于她哽咽，因?yàn)樗龥]有其他愛好，所以人們問的是她有其他愛好嗎？故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，她很幸運(yùn)地找到了狗狗的愛，她的生活又回到了正軌。A.schedule工作計(jì)劃；B.track軌道；C.purpose目的；D.guard保護(hù)。根據(jù)后文“Shehopesshecanusethattoguidepeopleto9themselves.”可知，她希望可以用它來引導(dǎo)人們，所以應(yīng)是她的生活又回到了正軌，此處是固定搭配：getbackontrack意為“回到正軌”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她希望她可以用它來引導(dǎo)人們重新發(fā)現(xiàn)自己。A.ment表達(dá)意見；B.award授予；C.behave表現(xiàn)；D.rediscover重新發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)前文內(nèi)容，Hammond曾經(jīng)是一名舞者，但后來成為了殘疾人，一度讓她感到抑郁，但是她很幸運(yùn)地找到了狗狗的愛，讓的生活又回到了正軌，她重新發(fā)現(xiàn)自己，所以她希望她可以用它來引導(dǎo)人們重新發(fā)現(xiàn)自己。故選D項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她的輔助犬Ocho幫助Hammond解決身體上的困難，同時(shí)它也是一只治療犬，安慰她的客戶。A.secret秘密的；B.social社會(huì)的；C.physical身體的；D.financial金融的。根據(jù)前文“HammondistheonlywheelchairnurseintheUKwithanassistancedog.”可知，Hammond身有殘疾，所以應(yīng)是幫助Hammond解決身體上的困難。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：病人的家是私人的。A.safe平安的；B.worn穿壞的；C.private私人的；D.remote遙遠(yuǎn)的。根據(jù)后文“Sobeforetakinghimtothefirst12shewouldcallherclientsandgivethemthe13toacceptorrefusehim.”可知，Hammond帶Ocho去第一次就診之前，她會(huì)給客戶打，讓他們選擇，因?yàn)椴∪说募沂撬饺说摹９蔬xC項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，在帶他去第一次就診之前，她會(huì)給客戶打，讓他們選擇接受或拒絕他。A.visit拜訪；B.operation行動(dòng)；C.accident事故；D.tour旅游。根據(jù)前文“However,shepletelyunderstandsthatnoteveryonewillwantadogintheirhome.”可知，不是每個(gè)人都想讓狗進(jìn)家里，所以應(yīng)是第一次就診之前，她會(huì)給客戶打，讓他們選擇。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，在帶他去第一次就診之前，她會(huì)給客戶打，讓他們選擇接受或拒絕他。A.guess猜測(cè)；B.response響應(yīng)；C.service服務(wù)；D.choice選擇。根據(jù)后文“toacceptorrefusehim”可知，接受或拒絕他，應(yīng)是給出選擇。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：如果他受傷或生病，Hammond可以暫時(shí)接替他做這份工作。A.temporarily暫時(shí)；B.gradually逐漸地；C.generally通常；D.casually隨意地。根據(jù)后文“ifheisinjuredorsick”可知，如果Ocho受傷或生病，Hammond應(yīng)是暫時(shí)接替他做這份工作。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：像她一樣，他們會(huì)把自己的經(jīng)歷帶到改善病人護(hù)理方面。A.honors榮譽(yù)；B.experiences經(jīng)歷；C.researches研究；D.needs需要。根據(jù)前文“Thenitwasluckyforhertofindtheloveofdogsandherlifegotbackon8.Shehopesshecanusethattoguidepeopleto9themselves.”可知，Hammond是用自己的經(jīng)歷去幫助病人。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題,每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OnSept.7,famousChinesearchaeologist(考古學(xué)家)FanJinshi,85,___36___(award)byUNESCOforhercontribution___37___theprotectionoftheMogaoCavesinDunhuang.___38___(call)the“daughterofDunhuang”,shestartedherstorywiththecave60yearsago.In1963,Fan,thena25yearoldPekingUniversitygraduate,hadthechance___39___(work)attheMogaoCaves,aplaceshehadwantedtoexploreforalongtime.Backinthosedays,theMogaoCaveswerealmost___40___(plete)cutofffromtheworld.Fanandhercoworkersstayedinsidethecavestodoresearch,copymurals(壁畫),anddo___41___theycouldtoprotectandrestorethem.___42___timepassed,Fanfoundaseriousproblem.___43___numberoftouristsvisitingDunhuangwasincreasing,whichmightharmthecaves,___44___(