狀語從句 課件高三英語上學(xué)期一輪復(fù)習(xí)專項

狀語從句adverbialclause狀語從句：一、定義二、分類：（一）時間狀語從句（...時）

（二）地點狀語從句（在...)

（三）原因狀語從句（因為...所以）

（四）條件狀語從句（如果...)

（五）讓步狀語從句（雖然...但是）

（六）目的狀語從句（為了...）

（七）結(jié)果狀語從句（所以）

（八）方式狀語從句（就好像...）

（九）比較狀語從句（比...）狀語從句：一、

定義

狀語從句是副詞性從句，修飾主句的動詞、形容詞或副詞，擔(dān)任狀語。Iworkedinthecompany.Iworkedinthecompanylastyear.IworkedinthecompanyafterIgraduatedfromPekingUniversity.（一）時間狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞：when/while/as當(dāng)...時

as隨著，一邊...一邊

since自從

before在...之前after在...之后till/until直到not...until直到...才

assoonasnosooner...than...

一...就:hardly(scarcely)...when...directly/immediately/instantlywhenever,everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime,allthetime...（一）時間狀語從句1.引導(dǎo)詞：when/while/asWhenIcamein,hewasreading.TherewasaknockatthedoorwhileJimwaslisteningthemusic.Astimegoeson,itisgettingcolderandcolder.

對比從句動詞備注when瞬間，延續(xù)當(dāng)...時，有突然的意思

while延續(xù)當(dāng)...時

，有時表示對比as延續(xù)隨著，一邊...一邊

（一）時間狀語從句2.引導(dǎo)詞：since自從，往往對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了影響。（完成時）Hehasstudiedhardsincehecametotheschool.自...以來，已經(jīng)有多長時間

Itis/hasbeen+段時間+since從句（一般過去時)Itwas+段時間+since從句（過去完成時)Itis/hasbeentenyearssincetheymeteachother.Itwastenyearssincetheyhadmeteachother.

（一）時間狀語從句3.引導(dǎo)詞:before在...之前after在...之后IwilldoitbeforeIforgotit.Wewillstartaftertheteachercomes.Itis/willbe+時間段+before從句

還有...久才能

Itistenyearsbeforewemeeteachother.Itwillbetwoweeksbeforewebecomeprofessionalplayers.4.引導(dǎo)詞:till/until直到not...until直到...才until，notuntil(主句部分倒裝）可位于句首，till不可以

Thestudentsdidontstoptalkinguntiltheteachercamein.Notuntiltheteachercameindidthestudentsstoptalking.

（一）時間狀語從句5.引導(dǎo)詞：assoonasnosooner...than...

一...就:hardly(scarcely)...when...directly/immediately/instantly

時態(tài)：

未發(fā)生：主句一般將來時，從句一般現(xiàn)在時

已發(fā)生：主句一般將來時，從句現(xiàn)在完成時IwillgivethebooktohimassoonasIseehim.

（一）時間狀語從句5.引導(dǎo)詞：IwillwritealetterassoonasIgetthere.AssoonasIwentin,mysistercriedoutwithpleasure.Hehadnosoonerreturnedthanheboughtahouse.Nosoonerhadhereturnedthanheboughtahouse.主語+had+nosooner+過去分詞...than+主語+一般過去時Nosooner+had+主語+過去分詞...than+主語+一般過去時

對比時態(tài)位于句首assoonas具體分析陳述語序，不倒裝nosooner（主）...than...（從）主句過去完成從句一般過去主句部分倒裝hardly(scarcely)...（主）when...（從）（一）時間狀語從句6.其他引導(dǎo)詞：whenever,everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime,allthetime...

（二）地點狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞：where/whereverIwilltakeyouwhereverIgo.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Shefoundherlaptopwhereshelostit.（三）原因狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞：because,since,as,fornowthat,seeingthat,consideringthat,inthat1.because直接原因，用于回答why的問句2.since一般表示已知的，顯然的原因（既然）3.as附帶的原因，重點在主句4.for一般放在后面，對主句進行補充說明Hefeltdisappointedbecausehewasn’tinvitedtotheparty.Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.Ashedidn’tknowmuchEnglish,helookedupthewordsinthedictionary.Thestorymustbetrue,forIreaditinthenewspaper.

(四)條件狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞：if如果，unless除非，as/solongas只要，incase萬一

onconditionthat,supposing,provide如果，假如1.時態(tài)：條件狀語從句中，遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”

主句為一般將來時、祈使句、包含情態(tài)動詞，從句為一般現(xiàn)在時。Weshallgotheretomorrowifitdoesn’train.Pleasetellmeifyouwanttoleave.Youcangetgreatgradesifyoustudyhard.(四)條件狀語從句2.if可能實現(xiàn)

不可能實現(xiàn)：if虛擬語氣if從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反if+主語+過去式（be動詞用were)主語+should/would/could/might+動詞原形與過去現(xiàn)實相反if+主語+had過去分詞主語+should/would/could/might+have過去分詞與將來事實相反1.if+主語+過去式（be動詞用were)2.if+主語+weretodo3.if+主語+shoulddo主語+should/would/could/might+動詞原形P.S.當(dāng)虛擬語氣中有were/had/should時，可省略if并提至句首（有not,not不動）(四)條件狀語從句if從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反if+主語+過去式（be動詞用were)主語+should/would/could/might+動詞原形與過去現(xiàn)實相反if+主語+過去式（be動詞用were)主語+should/would/could/might+have過去分詞與將來事實相反1.if+主語+過去式（be動詞用were)2.if+主語+weretodo3.if+主語+shoulddo主語+should/would/could/might+動詞原形IfIwerethinner,Icouldwearthosejeans.(現(xiàn)在）IfIhadsleptearlier,Iwouldn’thavebeenlate.（過去）IfJimmyarrivedtomorrow,wecouldfinishittogether.（將來）

(四)條件狀語從句IfIhadn’tmetLucylastweekend,Iwouldhavegoneshoppingbymyself.HadInotmetLucylastweekend,Iwouldhavewentshoppingbymyself.P.S.當(dāng)虛擬語氣中有were/had/should時，可省略if并提至句首（有not,not不動）(五)讓步狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞：though/although/as/while雖然,evenif/eventhough即使,nomatter+疑問詞=疑問詞ever/whether...(ornot)無論...1.though/although雖然:不能與but連用，可與still/yet連用ThoughIbelieveinyou,Istillneedtothinkitcarefully.ThoughIbelieveinyou,butIneedtothinkitcarefully.2.evenif/eventhough即使,evenif往往是假設(shè)性的，所以可以用于虛擬語氣，與if虛擬語氣用法類似。(五)讓步狀語從句3.as（必）/though部分倒裝adj./adv./n./v.+as/though+主語+謂語ThoughIamugly,Iamgentle.uglyas/thoughIam,Iamgentle.Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.aChildas/thoughheis,heknowsalot.名詞放在as前，不能有冠詞Thoughhemighttry,hecouldn’tfinishtheplan.Tryas/thoughhemight,hecouldn’tfinishtheplan.

動詞放在as前，必須是實義動詞(六)目的狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞：sothat/inorderthat為了，forfearthat/lest/incase以免以防目的狀語從句的謂語常含有情態(tài)動詞may,might,should,could,will,would...為了：sothat（句首/句中）+從句

inorderthat（句中）+從句

Theyworkedharderthanusualinorderthattheycouldfinishtheworkaheadoftime.

Theyworkedharderthanusualinordertofinishtheworkaheadoftime.to（句首/句中）+動詞原形inorderto（句首/句中）+動詞原形soasto（句中）

+動詞原形(七)結(jié)果狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞：sothat結(jié)果，所以so/such...that如此...以至于too...to太...而不能enough...to...足夠1.sothat目的狀語從句？謂語常含有情態(tài)動詞

結(jié)果狀語從句？前常有，Weturneduptheradio,sothateveryoneheardthenews.Wewilltellyouthetruthsothatyoucanjugdeforyourself.(七)結(jié)果狀語從句2.so/such...that如此...以至于

so+adj./adv.such+(a/an)n.Itissuchawonderfulsongthateveryonelikesit.Itissowonderfulasongthateveryonelikesit.3.too...to太...而不能enough...to...足夠Tomistooyoungtogotoschool.Tomisn’tenougholdtogotoschool.(八)方式狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞：as,as...so...,按照，正如by,with，likeasif,asthough好像1.as,as...so...,按照，正如Alwaysdototheothersasyouwouldbedoneby.Aswateristofish,soairistoman.2.asif,asthough好像

陳述事實

不能完成，與事實相反：虛擬語氣IfeelasifIhaveafever.(八)方式狀語從句2.asif,asthough好像

：虛擬語氣Helooksasifhewereabillionaire.(現(xiàn)在）HespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifhehadstudiedEnglishinAmerica.（過去）HestudiesEnglishsohardasifhewouldgototheUSA.（將來）表示虛擬的時間asif/though方式狀語從句現(xiàn)在一般過去時(be動詞用were)過去過去完成時（haddone)將來would/might/could+動詞原形(九)比較狀語從句1.原級比較：as...(adj./adv.)as

thesameas...(n./prep.或相關(guān)短語）

和...一樣2.比較級+than...比...3.the+比較級,the+比較級

越...越...省略---狀語從句中

狀語從句中的省略現(xiàn)象非常普遍。

當(dāng)狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致,或狀語從句的主語是it，且又含有be動詞時,從句中通常省略主語和be動詞。①由when,while,as,until,once,before等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句When(Iwas)young,Ilikedthiscartooncharacterverymuch.小時候我很喜歡這個動畫角色Hebumpedintoacarwhilehewasonhiswayhere.他在來這里的路上撞上了一輛汽車(hewas)

當(dāng)狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致,或狀語從句的主語是it，且又含有be動詞時,從句中通常省略主語和be動詞。②由where,wherever引導(dǎo)的地點狀語從句Theytriedtomakeaprofitwhereveritwas

possible.不管哪里有可能賺錢，他們都會去試一下(itwas)

當(dāng)狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致,或狀語從句的主語是it，且又含有be動詞時,

從句中通常省略主語和be動詞。③由as,asif,asthough引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句He

stopped

as

if

he

wastoseewhetherhewasfollowed.他停下來似乎想看看自己是不是被跟蹤了。As

it

was

expected,

he

lost

his

job.正如所預(yù)料的那樣,他丟了工作。(hewas)(itwas)

當(dāng)狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致,或狀語從句的主語是it，且又含有be動詞時,

從句中通常省略主語和be動詞。④由if,unless等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句If

itisnecessary,ringmeup.如果有需要的話,請給我打電話。(itis)注意：在含有were,had,should的虛擬條件從句中if

可省略,但需把were,had,should提到句首如果我是一只鳥的話,我將在天空中翱翔。IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyhighinthesky.要不是你幫忙的話,我會受很多苦。Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,Iwouldhavesufferedalot.萬一它壞掉的話,由我們自己出資修理。Ifitshouldbreakdown,wewouldfixitatourownexpense.WereI

abird,Iwouldflyhighinthesky.Haditnotbeenforyourhelp,Iwouldhavesufferedalot.Shoulditbreakdown,wewouldfixitatourownexpense.

當(dāng)狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致,或狀語從句的主語是it，且又含有be動詞時,

從句中通常省略主語和be動詞。⑤由though,although,evenif,eventhough等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句Thoughtheflatisnotlarge,theflatiswellequipped.這個公寓雖然不大,但設(shè)施完備。Evenifitwas

notquickenough,thingswerebeginningto

improve.即便不夠迅速，但情況正在開始改善。(theflatis)(itwas)⑥由as/so...as，than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句中有多種成分可以省略。Ihavealwayslivedmoreinthefuturethan(Ihavelived)in

thepresent.我總是生活在對未來的想象中,而不是當(dāng)下。Freddoesn'tcalculatesoaccuratelyasArthur(does).弗雷德計算得不如阿瑟那么準(zhǔn)確。Theywereasanxiousashewas(anxious).他們像他一樣焦急。狀語從句課堂練習(xí)1.Some

people

enjoy

themselves

they

stay.A.which

B.wherever

C.however

D.where2.

you

take

a

taxi,you'll

still

miss

your

train.A.Even

if

B.Even

C.If

D.As

long

as3.They

stayed

away

from

the

window

anyone

should

see

them.A.so

that

B.so

long

as

C.lest

D.provided

that4.Try

she

might,Sue

couldn't

get

the

door

open.A.if

B.when

C.since

D.As5.Aman

escaped

from

prison

last

night.It

wasn't

long

the

guards

discoveredwhat

had

happened.A.until

B.before

C.since

D.whenBACDB6.I

haven't

seen

Ann

for

long

that

I've

forgotten

w