2025屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪專題闖關(guān)導(dǎo)練50分閱讀理解提分練一含解析

PAGE50分閱讀理解提分練(一)閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A[2024·武漢市部分學(xué)校高三在線學(xué)習(xí)摸底檢測(cè)]GreatActivitiesforNatureLoversHikingOneoftheeasiestandmostaccessiblewaystogetclosetonatureisbysettingoutonagoodold-fashionedhike.Hikinggenerallydoesn'trequireanyfancyequipmentorspecialskills,justapieceofmapandathirstforadventure.Thisactivitycanbeasrelaxingasyoumakeit.BackcountryCampingWhylimityourselftojustadayhikewhenyoucanhaveafullweekend(orlonger)adventure?Backcountrycampinginvolvespackingyourtent,sleepinggear,food,andwateronyourbacktosetupcampinaremotelocation.Ifyou'reanexperiencedhikerandcamper,thisisanexcellentwaytotestyoursurvivalskillsandexplorethewilderness.MountainandRoadBikingUnlikelonghikesthroughthewoods,bikingallowsyoutocovermoregroundandtravelfartherinnature.Mountainbikingtypicallyinvolvesridingupanddownsteepslopes,betweentrees,andoverrocks.Ifthissoundstoointenseoryourtiresaren'tsuitedforruggedterrain,considertakingaroadbikeonpavedtrailsthroughforestpreservesoralongcountryroads.GardeningContrarytopopularbelief,youdon'thavetotravelbeyondyourownbackyardtoexperiencethebeautyofnatureeveryday.Ifyourpersonalityislessadventurousoryourmobilityisrestricted,considermakingagardentoplantyourownvegetables,fruits,herbs,orflowers.There'ssomethingtrulysatisfyingaboutmixingasaladwithfreshingredientsyouplantyourself.Oneofthebestpartsaboutspendingtimeonnatureisthatitdoesn'thavetobreakyourbudgetandanyonecandoit.1．Whatdohikersneedforhiking?A．Aworldmap.B．Astrongdesire.C．Practicalskills.D．Necessaryequipment.2．Wherewillyougotoshowyoursurvivalpotentialinthewild?A．Toabackyard.B．Toaforest.C．Toamountain.D．Toadistantplace.3．Whichofthefollowingcantakeyoutotravelfarthest?A．Hiking.B．BackcountryCamping.C．Gardening.D．MountainandRoadBiking.4．Whatistheadvantageofenjoyingthenaturalbeautyinyourgarden?A．It'spopular.B．Itsavesmoney.C．It'sadventurous.D．Itsavestime.B[2024·長(zhǎng)沙市高三統(tǒng)一模擬]“Payitforward”isanewsayingwhichmeansdonatingmoneyorperforminggooddeedswithouthopingforrecognition.Asfarasthereceiverofthemoney,gift,orgooddeedisconcerned,heorsheistoldonlytodosomethinggoodforsomeoneelse.WhenScott,ahomelessman,spenthislast$15,hewasn'tlookingatitasaninvestment,butit'sabouttopayhimhugeprofits.Afterhehelpedawomanwhoranoutofgas,shereturnedthefavorbyraisingalotmoreontheInternet.EmilyMcClure,26,wasdrivinghomewhensheranoutofgashalfway.“Hesawmepulloverandknewsomethingwaswrong，”shewrote.“Hetoldmetogetbackinthecarandlockthedoors.Afewminuteslater,hecamebackwitharedgascan,usinghislast15dollarstomakesureIcouldgethomesafely.”Shecouldn'trepayhimatthattimebecauseshehadnocashwithher.“Ihavebeenstoppingbyhisspotforthepastfewweeks.Irepaidhimforthegasandgavehimsomeclothes.”Emilydecidedtodomoreforhim,soshestartedacrowdfunding(眾籌)campaignonGoFundMe,anditquicklygainedfarbeyonditsinitial$10,000goal.Whenitreached$100,000,thefund-raisingpagewasshutdownforatimeatScott'srequest.Hedidn'twantpeopletothinkhewastakingadvantageofthesituation.Finally,Emilysaidthatsherestarteditbecausethepublicinteresthadnotdecreased.ShealsoaddedthatScottplannedtodonatetheresttoagoodcause.AccordingtoTheWashingtonTimes,ScottwantstogetajobatawarehouseandadepartmentmanagerfromacompanyhasalreadyreachedouttoScott.5．Whywasthefund-raisingpageclosedforatime?A．Peoplehadnomoreinterestindonation.B．Emilywastoobusytomakeeffortsforit.C．Scottwasunwillingtobeconsideredgreedy.D．Thegoaltoraise$10,000hadbeenachieved.6．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesScott?A．Flexiblebutmean.B．Caringandsupportive.C．Honestbutstubborn.D．Aggressiveanddemanding.7．Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusfromthetext?A．Twoheadsarebetterthanone.B．Onegoodturndeservesanother.C．Oneman'smeatisanotherman'spoison.D．Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.C[2024·東北三校高三第一次聯(lián)合模擬]Clothingrentalisahotnewindustryandretailers(零售商)aredemandingtogetonboardinthehopeofattractinggreenshoppers.Butisrentingfashionactuallymoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanbuyingit,andifso,howmuchmore?JournalistandauthorElizabethClineinvestigatedthisquestionandconcludedthatit'snotassustainableasitseems.Takeshipping,forexample,whichhastogotwowaysifanitemisrented—receivingandreturning.Clinewritesthatconsumertransportationhasthesecondlargestcarbonfootprintofourcollectivefashionhabitaftermanufacturing.Shewrites,“Anitemorderedonlineandthenreturnedcanrelease20kilogramsofcarboneachway,andincreasesupto50kilogramsforrushshipping.Bycomparison,thecarbonimpactofapairofjeanspurchasedfromaphysicalstoreandwashedandwornathomeis33.4kilograms,accordingtoa2015studybyLevi's.”Thenthere'stheburdenofwashing,whichhastohappenforeveryitemwhenit'sreturned,regardlessofwhetherornotitwasworn.Formostrentalservices,thisusuallymeansdry-cleaning,ahigh-impactandpollutingprocess.AlltherentalservicesthatClinelookedintohavereplacedperchloroethylene(全氯乙烯),acarcinogenic(致癌的)airpollutant,stillusedby70percentofUSdrycleaners,withalternatives,althoughthesearen'tgreateither.Lastly,Clinefearsthatrentalserviceswillincreaseourappetiteforfastfashion,simplybecauseit'ssoeasilyaccessible.There'ssomethingcalled“sharewashing”thatmakespeoplewastemorepreciselybecauseaproductorserviceissharedandthusisregardedasmoreeco-friendly.Uberisoneexampleofthis,advertisedas“awaytoshareridesandlimitcarownership”，andyet“ithasbeenproventodiscouragewalking,bicycling,andpublictransportationuse”．Rentingclothesisstillpreferabletobuyingthemcheapandthrowingtheminthedustbinafterwearingfewtimes,butweshouldn'tlettheavailabilityoftheseservicesmakeustoosatisfied.There'sanevenbetterstep—that'swearingwhatisalreadyinthecloset.8．WhatisElizabethCline'sattitudetowardclothingrental?A．Approving.B．Unfavorable.C．Objective.D．Enthusiastic.9．TheUberexampleinParagraph6indicatesthat________.A．rentalservicesareontheriseB．clothingrentalwillbeassuccessfulasUberC．rentingclothesmightwastemorethanexpectedD．rentingclothesmightmakepeopleloseinterestinfastfashion10．Theauthorsuggeststhatweshould______.A．giveuprentingclothesB．purchaseinexpensiveclothesC．rentclothesratherthanbuythemD．makefulluseofclotheswe'vepossessed11．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Clothingrentalisanewfashion.B．Clothingrentalisretailers'preference.C．Rentingclothesisnotthateco-friendly.D．Renting-clothesbusinessisinadilemma.D[2024·重慶市高三第一次調(diào)研]Theproliferation(激增)offiresintheAmazonrainforestdrewinternationalattentioninAugust2024,especiallywhenFrenchPresidentEmmanuelMacroncalledforurgentaction.Sincethen,theeyesoftheworldhaveshiftedelsewhereasHouseDemocratslaunchedanimpeachment(彈劾)inquiryagainstPresidentDonaldTrump.Meanwhile,theAmazoncontinuedtoburn.Thenumberoffiresdecreasedby35%inSeptember2024,butexpertssaythisismerelyaslowdowninacrisiswithglobalrepercussions(反響).Therewerestill19,925fireoutbreaksinSeptember2024ontheBrazilianpartoftherainforest,whichaccountsfornearly65%oftheAmazonbasin.Moreover,throughthefirstninemonthsof2024,thenumberoffiressoaredby41%comparedtothesameperiodin2024,Brazil'sNationalInstituteforSpaceResearch(INPE)reported.HigherrainfalltotalsthanusualsincethebeginningofSeptember2024andmeasurestakenundermountingpressurebyBrazilianPresidentJairBolsonaro—whodeployedthemilitarytotheAmazonandimposedatwo-monthbanonclearinglandthroughfires—contributedtotheburningdecline.“Thefactorsthatledtosuchwidespreadfiresinthefirstplace—decreasedenforcementofforestlaw,illegaldeforestationforagricultureandinvasionofnativeterritories—remaininplace，”saidNigelSizer,ChiefProgramOfficerfortheadvocacyorganizationRainforestAlliance.“ItisgoodnewsthattherearefewerfiresintheAmazonrightnow,butthisisashort-termpausefromthelargerproblem.”Thatproblemcentersondeforestationthroughsystematicallychoppingdowntrees,whichareeitherloggedorburned,mostlytoconvertthelandforraisingcattleandgrowingcrops.Thepracticehasexpandedfromasmallscaletoanindustrialproduction,leadingtoabout20%oftheBrazilianAmazonhavingbeenclearedsince1970.12．WhoraisedinternationalattentiontotheproliferationoffiresintheAmazonrainforest?A．EmmanuelMacron.B．DonaldTrump.C．NigelSizer.D．JairBolsonaro.13．What'sthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．TherearemorefiresinAmazonnowthaneverbefore.B．ThereweremorefiresinAmazoninAugust2024thaninSeptember2024.C．TheproliferationoffirescoversmostofthewideareainAmazon.D．ThefiresintheAmazonrainforestisstillburningwithinternationalattention.14．What'sthemaincauseofthewidespreadfiresintheAmazonrainforest?A．Decreasedenforcementofforestlaw.B．Invasionofnativeterritories.C．Seriousdeforestationforagriculture.D．Theshort-termpauseoftheproliferationoffires.15．Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A．Abiologytextbook.B．Agardeningmagazine.C．Anewspaper.D．Atravelbrochure.其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。[2024·安徽省部分重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高三聯(lián)考]UrbanWildlifeCitiesarediverseecosystems.Inadditiontovisitorsfromthewild,alargenumberofspeciesshareoururbanareas.Asourcitiesspread,weneedtothinkaboutwhatitislikeforotherspeciestohavehumanneighbors.Citiesarebuiltforhumans.__16__Forexample,mostcityparksarekeptneatandtidysothathumanswillfindthembeautiful.Butwhenwecutgrassorplantflowers,wedestroynaturalhabitats.__17__WhenabridgeinAustin,Texaswasrepaired,engineersaddedsmallgapsrunningalongthelengthofitsbottom.Thismadeagoodhomeforbats,andsoonthebridgewasthehomeofthousandsofbats.__18__Now,theyhavecometovaluetheirwinged(有翼的)neighbors.Thebatsareatouristattraction,andtheyeatlotsofbugseverynight.Therearealsostructuresbuiltwiththeaimofbringingwildlifeintothecity.TheOlympicForestParkisagoodexample.Theparkusednativeplantsandcreatedopen,naturalspaceforwildlife.TheresultisazoneinBeijingwithover160speciesofbirds.Inmanyways,theparkistheoppositeofazoo.__19__Ifwelearntoshareourspace,wecanbecomebetterneighborstothewildlifearoundus.__20__Ourownfuturewillbeendangeredtoo.A．Theyarebuilttoprotectbirds.B．Ouractionssometimeshelpotherspecies.C．Ifwedonot,morespecieswillbecomeextinct.D．Theydonotalwaysprovidesuitablehabitatsforwildlife.E．Insteadofbeingkeptincages,wildlifecanmovefreely.F．Atfirst,peoplewereafraidofthebatsandtriedtogetridofthem.G．Theywouldsitonitandtheirdroppingswouldfallintothewater.50分閱讀理解提分練(一)閱讀理解第一節(jié)A語(yǔ)篇類型：應(yīng)用文主題語(yǔ)境：人與社會(huì)——活動(dòng)介紹——相宜大自然愛(ài)好者的活動(dòng)[文章大意]該文講解并描述了大自然愛(ài)好者可以參與的幾項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。1．答案與解析：B考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)Hiking部分中的“Hikinggenerallydoesn'trequireanyfancyequipmentorspecialskills,justapieceofmapandathirstforadventure.”可知，徒步旅行者只須要有一張地圖和對(duì)冒險(xiǎn)的渴望便可踏上旅途，故B項(xiàng)正確。盡管Hiking部分中提及“justapieceofmap”，但是徒步旅行須要的可能只是當(dāng)?shù)氐貓D，而不是世界地圖，故A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。2．答案與解析：D考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)BackcountryCamping部分中的“tosetupcampinaremotelocation”和“thisisanexcellentwaytotestyoursurvivalskillsandexplorethewilderness”可知，去偏遠(yuǎn)的地方露營(yíng)可以展示自己的野外生存潛力，故D項(xiàng)正確。3．答案與解析：D考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)MountainandRoadBiking部分中的“bikingallowsyoutocovermoregroundandtravelfartherinnature”可知，MountainandRoadBiking可以帶你去最遠(yuǎn)的地方，故D項(xiàng)正確。4．答案與解析：B考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)Gardening部分中的“itdoesn'thavetobreakyourbudgetandanyonecandoit”可知，在自家花園體驗(yàn)自然的好處是省錢，故B項(xiàng)正確。B語(yǔ)篇類型：記敘文主題語(yǔ)境：人與社會(huì)——社會(huì)生活——善有善報(bào)[文章大意]無(wú)家可歸的斯科特用自己最終的15美元幫助了在中途車沒(méi)油的艾米麗；為回報(bào)他，艾米麗在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上發(fā)起眾籌，然而斯科特卻把籌集來(lái)的多余的錢捐贈(zèng)給了慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，他以這種方式奉獻(xiàn)社會(huì)，社會(huì)最終以一份不錯(cuò)的工作回報(bào)了他。5．答案與解析：C考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)第五段其次句和第三句可知，資金籌集網(wǎng)頁(yè)關(guān)閉是應(yīng)斯科特的要求，因?yàn)樗幌胱屓擞X(jué)得自己是在利用這種狀況，即斯科特不情愿被認(rèn)為是貪欲的，故C項(xiàng)正確。6．答案與解析：B考查推理推斷。依據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容以及第五段中的“Scottplannedtodonatetheresttoagoodcause”可知，當(dāng)斯科特發(fā)覺(jué)艾米麗的車子沒(méi)油停在半路的時(shí)候，他讓艾米麗回到車?yán)镦i好車門，并用自己最終的15美元為艾米麗買了一罐汽油以確保她能平安回家；他還安排把籌集來(lái)的多余的錢捐給一個(gè)做好事的組織，由此可推知，他關(guān)切他人而且能夠賜予他人幫助，故B項(xiàng)正確。7．答案與解析：B考查寫作意圖。依據(jù)其次段尾句“Afterhehelpedawoman...ontheInternet.”并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文講解并描述了無(wú)家可歸的斯科特幫助了艾米麗，社會(huì)也幫助了斯科特的故事，說(shuō)明白好人有好報(bào)的道理。故B項(xiàng)正確。C語(yǔ)篇類型：爭(zhēng)論文主題語(yǔ)境：人與社會(huì)——社會(huì)生活——服裝租賃并非綠色環(huán)保[文章大意]服裝租賃是新興的熱門行業(yè)，零售商希望以此吸引環(huán)保消費(fèi)者?？墒?，該行業(yè)并不像它看起來(lái)的那樣綠色環(huán)保。它包含的運(yùn)輸環(huán)節(jié)要比在實(shí)體店里買一件衣服然后在家里洗和穿釋放的碳多；清洗環(huán)節(jié)也會(huì)污染環(huán)境；而且它可能會(huì)使我們更追求快時(shí)尚從而奢侈得更多。最環(huán)保的做法是穿衣櫥里原來(lái)就有的衣服。8．答案與解析：B考查推理推斷。依據(jù)其次段其次句可知，Cline得出的結(jié)論是，這個(gè)行業(yè)并不像它看起來(lái)的那樣環(huán)保；并結(jié)合第三至第六段表述的Cline得出這種結(jié)論的緣由可推知，Cline并不支持服裝租賃，B項(xiàng)意為“不贊成的，否定的，不喜愛(ài)的”，故B項(xiàng)正確。C項(xiàng)意為“客觀的”，與文意不符。9．答案與解析：C考查推理推斷。依據(jù)第六段其次句可知，因?yàn)橐环N產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)是共享的，因此就被認(rèn)為更環(huán)保，但這卻使人們奢侈得更多。接著下文列舉了Uber的例子——它被宣揚(yáng)為一種共享出行并限制