（3）閱讀理解-疾病與醫(yī)療-2024年高考英語(yǔ)真題模擬試題專項(xiàng)匯編

（3）閱讀理解-疾病與醫(yī)療——2024年高考英語(yǔ)真題模擬試題專項(xiàng)匯編一、【2024年新高考Ⅰ卷，閱讀B】"Iamnotcrazy,"saysDr.WilliamFarber,shortlyafterperformingacupuncture(針灸)onarabbit."Iamaheadofmytime."Ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbebecauseevensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods.ButFarberiscertainhe'llhavethelastlaugh.He'soneofasmallbutgrowingnumberofAmericanveterinarians(獸醫(yī))nowpracticing"holistic"medicine—combiningtraditionalWesterntreatmentswithacupuncture,chiropractic(按摩療法)andherbalmedicine.Farber,agraduateofColoradoStateUniversity,startedoutasamoreconventionalveterinarian.Hebecameinterestedinalternativetreatments20yearsagowhenhesufferedfromterriblebackpain.Hetriedmuscle-relaxingdrugsbutfoundlittlerelief.Thenhetriedacupuncture,anancientChinesepractice,andwasamazedthatheimprovedaftertwoorthreetreatments.Whatworkedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients.So,afterstudyingthetechniquesforacoupleofyears,hebeganofferingthemtopets.LeighTindale'sdogCharliehadaseriousheartcondition.AfterCharliehadaheartattack,Tindalesays,shewaspreparedtoputhimtosleep,butFarber'streatmentscasedherdog'ssufferingsomuchthatshewasabletokeephimaliveforanadditionalfivemonths.AndPriscillaDewingreportsthatherhorse,Nappy,"movesmoreeasilyandridesmorecomfortably"afterachiropracticadjustment.Farberiscertainthattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime,andifthepastisanyindication,hemayberight:Since1982,membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700."Sometimesitsurprisesmethatitworkssowell,"hesays."Iwilldoanythingtohelpananimal.That'smyjob."1．WhatdosomeofFarber'scoworkersthinkofhim?A.He'sodd. B.He'sstrict. C.He'sbrave. D.He'srude.2．WhydidFarberdecidetotryacupunctureonpets?A.Hewastrainedinitatuniversity.B.Hewasinspiredbyanotherveterinarian.C.Hebenefitedfromitasapatient.D.Hewantedtosavemoneyforpetowners.3．Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Stepsofachiropractictreatment. B.Thecomplexityofveterinarians'work.C.Examplesofrareanimaldiseases. D.Theeffectivenessofholisticmedicine.4．WhydoestheauthormentiontheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociation?A.ToproveFarber'spoint. B.Toemphasizeitsimportance.C.Topraiseveterinarians. D.Toadvocateanimalprotection.二、【2024年貴州畢節(jié)三模，閱讀B】Nikwasdiagnosed(診斷)withcancerin2008whenhewas17.Hediedin2012.ButNik'skindnessandgenerosityhavelivedonlongafterhisdeath.Afterhewasdiagnosedandstartedtreatment,Nikwasgranted(給予)awishexperiencefromtheMake-A-WishFoundation.“Forjustthisperiodoftime,wedidn'tthinkaboutcancer,”KelliBoehlesaid.“Allwethoughtaboutwasenjoyingourtimetogether.”In2009,NikmetanotheryoungmanNate,whowasalsogoingthroughcancertreatment.He'dbeendiagnosedamonthafterturning18,andNikleanedhewastoooldtoqualifyforawish.ThenightbeforeNik'sdeath,heaskedhismothertohelpensurethatyoungadultsfightingcancercouldhavetheirwishescometruetoo.“Itwaslikeaseedheplantedthatjustwouldn'tstopcomingintomymind,”shesaid.In2012,KelliBoehlestartedNik'sWish.Thenonprofitgrantswishestoyoungadultsbetweentheagesof18and24whoarebattlingcancer.Natewastheorganization'sfirstwishrecipient.“It'smeanttobringthemjoyandknowthatthey'relovedandthatwe'refightingforthem,too,”KelliBoehlesaid.Recently,19-year-oldJordanMorrowreceivedherwishtoattendaTaylorSwiftconcertaspartofatriptoLosAngeles.ForMorrow,whohasspentthelastyearbattlingbraincancer,goingtotheconcerthasdonemorethanliftherspirits.“Ithinkit'ssomethingtogetmethroughwhatevercomesmyway,”shesaid.“AndI'mthankfulforNik'sWishforthat.”Inthe11yearssinceNikdied,theorganizationhasgrantedmorethan300wishesacrossmorethan30states.Inthebeginning,KelliBoehlesaysshewasn'tsureshecouldbeawishmakerandworkcloselywiththeyoungadults.Butnow,it'sherfavoritethingtodo.1．WhatdidNickaskhismothertodo?A.Makeyoungadultswithcancerenjoythetreatment.B.Staywithyoungadultswithcancerbeforetheirdeath.C.Helpyoungadultswithcancerrealizetheirwishes.D.Allowyoungadultswithcancertojoinafoundation.2．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesNik?A.Generousandcaring. B.Honestandpositive.C.Kindandproud. D.Confidentandserious.3．WhatdoweknowaboutKelliBoehle?A.ShehelpedNikcurecancer. B.SheaskedMorrowtoholdaconcert.C.ShesetupNik'sWishin2012. D.Shewasdiagnosedwithcancer.4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Cancerpatients.B.Awishmaker.C.Akindmother.D.Youngadults.三、【2024年湖北襄陽(yáng)模擬，閱讀C】Researchershavedevelopedamaterialmadeofcollagenprotein（膠原蛋白）frompig'sskin,whichresemblesthehumancornea（眼角膜）andrestoredvisionto20people.Thepromisingresultofthetrialbringshopetopeoplesufferingfromcornealblindness.Anestimated12.7millionpeoplearoundtheworldareblindduetotheircorneasbeingdamagedordiseased.Theironlywayofregainingvisionistoreceiveatransplantedcorneafromahumandonor.Butjustonein70patientsreceivesacorneatransplant.Furthermore,mostofthemliveinlowandmiddle-incomecountriesinwhichaccesstotreatmentsisverylimited.Toavoidtheabovedisadvantagesoftraditionalcorneatreatment,theresearchersusedcollagenproteinfrompig'sskin."Itispossibletodevelopabiomaterialthatmeetsallthecriteriaforbeingusedashumanimplants（移植物）,whichcanbemass-producedandreachmorepeoplewithvisionproblems,"saidProfessorNeilLagali.Whiledonatedcorneasmustbeusedwithintwoweeks,thebioengineeredcorneascanbestoredforuptotwoyearsbeforeuse.Thepigskinusedisabyproductofthefoodindustry,makingiteasytoaccess.Theresearchershavealsodevelopedanewsurgicalmethodfortreatingthedisease.Nostitches（縫針）areneededwiththisnewmethod.Inapilotstudy,14ofthe20participantswereblindbeforetheoperation.Aftertwoyears,allofthepatientsregainedtheirsight.ThreeoftheIndianparticipantswhohadbeenblindhadperfectvisionaftertheoperation.Theresearchersalsowanttostudywhetherthetechnologycanbeusedtotreatmoreeyediseases,andwhethertheimplantcanbeadaptedtotheindividualforevengreatereffectiveness.1．Whatisthedisadvantageoftraditionalcorneatreatment?A.Serioussideeffects. B.Lowavailabilityrate.C.Poormedicalequipment. D.Complicatedsurgicalprocess.2．Whatdoweknowaboutthebiomaterial?A.Ithashigherproductioncosts.B.Itcanbestoredformuchlonger.C.Itisabletobeusedforseveraltimes.D.Itcanhelppeoplepreventvisionproblems.3．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthenewsurgicalmethod?A.Successful. B.Ineffective. C.Convenient. D.Controversial.4．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Tospreadknowledgeaboutcorneadonation. B.Toshowthedifficultiesoftreatingblindness.C.Tocallonpeopletoprotecttheireyesproperly.D.Topresentanewbreakthroughinthemedicalfield.四、【2024年安徽合肥模擬，閱讀D】Whensomeonedamagestheirbackbone,theinjurycanleavethemparalyzed(癱瘓).Now,scientistshavegiventhreeparalyzedmentheabilitytowalkagain,thankstoanimplanteddevice.Thehumanbackbone,orspine,doesn’tjusthelpusstandupstraight.Insideisthespinalcord,whichcarriesimportantinformationbetweentheheadandthelowerpartofthebody.Thisinformationmovesaroundasburstsofelectricitytravelingbetweenthebrainandtheotherpartsofthebody.Whenthespinalcordishurt,thispathwaygetsdamagedandtheycan’tmovetheirlegs.NowscientistsinSwitzerlandhavegiventhreeparalyzedmentheabilitytowalkagain.Tohelpthemwalkagain,themenhadsurgery.Aspecialdevicewasplaceddirectlyonthelowerpartoftheirspinalcord,belowtheirinjury.This“implant”containedsixteenelectrodes,whicharesmallobjectsthatelectricitycanpassthrough.Theresearchersmadesuretheelectrodeswerelinedupwithnervesthatcontrolthelegmuscles.Thescientistscontrolledtheimplantsfromatabletcomputer.Thepatient’sbrainsaren’tsending“walking”messagestotheirlegs.Instead,thetablettellstheimplanttosendthewalkingmessages.Theresearchersusedcomputerstogeneratepatternsofmovement,liketakingastep.Thepatientthenusesthetablettochoosethepatternandthemusclesmoveinthechosenway.Overtime,themenwereabletowalkusingaspecialwalkerwithbuttonstocontroleachleg.Thesolutionisn’tperfect.It’sveryexpensive,itrequiresdifficultsurgery,andthepatientscan’twalkwithoutthesystem.Butthescientistsarehopefulthatinthefuture,thissortoftechnologywillallowmanyparalyzedpeopletobegintowalkagaininjusthours.1．What'sthemainfunctionofthespinalcord?A.Itservesasamessagecarrier. B.Ithelpspeoplestandupstraight.C.Ittakescontrolofthemuscles. D.Itproducessignalsformovements.2．Whatistheimplanteddeviceexpectedtodo?A.Activatethedamagednerves. B.Identifythepositionoftheinjury.C.Testthedegreeofthedamage. D.Bridgethenervegapmadebytheinjury.3．WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Howthesurgeryisperformed. B.Howthedeviceworksonpatients.C.Howthepatientswalkwithoutaid. D.Howmovementpatternsaredesigned.4．Whichcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.Damagednervesrecoveraftersurgery.B.Tabletsareusedinamedicaltreatment.C.Implanthelpstheparalyzedwalkagain.D.Scientistsmadeadiscoveryonbackbones.五、【2024年湖南邵陽(yáng)聯(lián)考，閱讀D】Inthesecondhalfofthe18thcentury,aBritishdoctornamedEdwardJennergavehisgardener’ssoncowpox(牛痘)andthendeliberatelyinfectedhimwithsmallpox(天花)totesthisassumptionthatpeoplewhowerefrequentlyexposedtocowpox,asimilarbutlessseverevirus,wouldavoidcatchingsmallpox.Itworkedandcowpoxasthevaccine(疫苗)washighlyeffective.“Vaccination”,fromtheLatinwordforcow,soonbecamecommonplace.Challengetrialsareformsofresearchwhere,ratherthanrelyingondatafromnaturalinfections,weintentionallyexposesomeonetoadiseaseinordertotesttheeffectivenessofavaccineortreatment.ThingshavechangedalotsinceJenner’stime,ofcourse,whenitwasnotuncommonfordoctorstoconductthiskindofresearch.Evenso,there’sacontinuoussensethatthere’ssomethingimmoralaboutmakingsomeoneillonpurpose.Butthisshouldn’tblindustotheextraordinarypowerofchallengetrials.Theycouldbecomeincreasinglyimportantweaponsinthemedicalresearch,inasituationwherevaccinetechnologyisadvancingandthethreatofdiseasesjumpingfromanimalsintohumanbeingsisincreasing.Muchhasbeendonetoreducetherisksofchallengetrials.Likerespiratorysyncytialvirus(RSV),researchershaveinvolvedadultswhoareatalowriskofsevereillness.Theseactshavealreadycutdownamassiverangeofvaccinecandidates.Butnotalldiseasesareliketheseones.Wedon’talwaysknowthedangersvolunteersmightface;wedon’talwayshavetreatmentsready.Whatthen?Wecould,ofcourse,justavoidthesequestionsentirely,andrelyonothertypesofresearch.Butthatdoesn’talwayswork:sometimes,animaltestingistrickyanduninformative,becausethediseasedoesn’tdevelopinthesamewayasitwouldinhumans.Incontrast,challengetrialscanbedeeplyinformativewithinweeks,withfarfewervolunteers.Andthebenefitscanbesurprisinglyhigh.Inordertomakesureweareasprotectedaspossiblefromcurrentandfuturethreats,weshouldtrytogetridofthemisbeliefinchallengetrials,makingthemamorefamiliarpartofourtoolkits.Perhapsthegreatestrewardofallwouldbetomakesureparticipants’effortsareworthwhile:bydesigningtrialstobefairandeffectiveandapplyingthemwhenandwheretheymightmakearealdifference.Inshort,byhelpingthemtosavethousands,ifnotmillionsoflives.1．TheauthortellsthestoryofEdwardJennerwiththeintentionof________.A.definingwhatarechallengetrials.B.showingtheoriginoftheword“vaccination”.C.emphasizingtheimportanceofhisvaccine.D.introducingthetopicofchallengetrials.2．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Theissuesbehindchallengetrialsareeasytosolve.B.Despitetherisks,challengetrialscanbenefitnumerouslives.C.Thedangersofchallengetrialsoutweighthebenefitstheybring.D.Challengetrialscanpreventthedevelopmentofvaccinetechnologies.3．Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?A.Acautiousattitudeshouldbetakentowardschallengetrials.B.Challengetrialsguaranteeparticipantsprotectionagainstthreats.C.Peopleshouldbemoreopentochallengetrials.D.Theaccuracyofchallengetrialscanbeimprovedwithmorevolunteersinvolved.4．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Canchallengetrialsblockmedicalprogress?B.Shouldweusechallengetrialstofindcures?C.Canchallengetrialsputanendtoinfectiousdiseases?D.Shouldwereplaceanimaltestingwithchallengetrials?六、【2024年江蘇泰州一模，閱讀C】Thehumanbodypossessesanefficientdefensesystemtobattlewithfluviruses.Theimmunesystemprotectsagainsttheattackofharmfulmicrobes(微生物)byproducingchemicalscalledantibodies,whichareprogrammedtodestroyaspecifictypeofmicrobe.Theytravelinthebloodandsearchthebodyforinvaders(入侵者).Whentheyfindaninvasivemicrobe,antibodiesattackanddestroyanycellthatcontainsthevirus.However,fluvirusescanbeaterribleenemy.Evenifyourbodysuccessfullyfightsagainsttheviruses,withtheirabilitytoevolverapidly,yourbodymayhavenoprotectionorimmunityfromthenewones.Yourbodyproduceswhitebloodcellstoprotectyouagainstinfectiousdiseases.Yourbodycandetectinvadingmicrobesinyourbloodstreambecausetheycarryantigensintheirproteins.Whitebloodcellsinyourimmunesystem,suchasTcells,cansenseantigensinthevirusesinyourcells.Onceyourbodyfindsanantigen,ittakesimmediateactioninmanydifferentways.Forexample,Tcellsproducemoreantibodies,callincellsthateatmicrobes,anddestroycellsthatareinfectedwithavirus.Oneofthebestthingsabouttheimmunesystemisthatitwillalwaysrememberamicrobeithasfoughtbeforeandknowjusthowtofightitagaininthefuture.Yourbodycanlearntofightsowellthatyourimmunesystemcancompletelydestroyavirusbeforeyoufeelsickatall.However,eventhemostcautiouspeoplecanbecomeinfected.Fortunately,medicalscientistshavedevelopedvaccines(疫苗),whichareweakenedordeadfluvirusesthatenteraperson’sbodybeforethepersongetssick.Thesevirusescausethebodytoproduceantibodiestoattackanddestroythestrongvirusesthatmayinvadeduringfluseason.1．Whydoesfluposeathreattotheimmunesystem?A.Microbescontainlargequantitiesofviruses.B.Antibodiesaretooweaktoattackfluviruses.C.Thebodyhasfeweffectivewaystotackleflu.D.It’shardtokeeppacewiththeevolutionofviruses.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“antigens”refertoinParagraph2?A.Thecellprotectingyourbodyfromviruses.B.Thematterservingastheindicatorofviruses.C.Theantibodieshelpingtofightagainstviruses.D.Thesubstancedestroyingcellsinfectedwithviruses.3．Howdovaccinesdefendthebodyagainstthefluviruses?A.Theystrengthenthebody’simmunesystem.B.Theybattleagainstweakenedordeadviruses.C.Theyhelpproduceantibodiestowipeoutviruses.D.Theyexposethebodytovirusesduringfluseason.4．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AntibodiesSaveOurHealth. B.VaccinesAreOfGreatNecessity.C.InfectiousFluVirusesAreAround. D.HumanBodyFightsAgainstFluViruses.七、【2024年重慶模擬，閱讀D】Thepastfewmonthshavebroughtelectrifyingnewsthat,forthefirsttime,agenetreatmenthasprovidedsomehearingtochildrenbornwithdeafness.EliLillyannouncedthisweek,forexample,thataprofoundlydeafboyfromMoroccogivenitstreatmentaspartofaclinicaltrialinPhiladelphiacannowhear.AndfivechildreninChinatreatedsimilarlyatyoungeragesgainedhearingwithsomeabletoverballycommunicatewithouttheircochlearimplants(人工耳蝸).Theirhearingrecovery,firstcoveredbythepressinOctober2023,isdescribedindetailthisweekinTheLancet.“It’sanenormousachievement,”saysgeneticistKarenAvrahamofTelAvivUniversity.Otolaryngologist(耳鼻喉科專家)andgenetherapistLawrenceLustigofColumbiaUniversity,whoselabwasamongthefirsttotestthesameapproachinmice,agrees.“Otherthancochlearimplants,wehaven’treallyhadanysuccessfultreatmentstotreatdeafness,”henotes.Thevariouseffortsfromcompaniesandacademiccenterseachuseavirustoinsertthesamegene,OTOF,intothechildren’sinnerearsotheso-calledhaircellstherecansensesoundandtransmitittothebrain.Thenewdeafnesstreatmentsaddtoastringofrecentsuccessesforthegenetreatmentfield,butalsoraisequestions.Theear’shaircellsdon’tdivide,sothenewcopiesofOTOFtheycontainshouldpersistandcontinuetoinstructthecellstomakeOTOF.Geneexpressioncoulddropoffovertimeortheearcouldmountanimmuneresponsethatshutsitoff.ButLustigisoptimisticthatthevariouschallengeswillbeovercome.“Nowthatwe’vegotonesuccessstory,there’sgoingtobemoremoneycomingintofundsomeoftheseotherprojects,”hesays.1．Whatdoweknowaboutthenewtreatment?A.Itisatotallymaturepractice. B.It’saChina-onlyclinicaltrial.C.Itusesavirustosensesound. D.Itaimstotreatthedeafness.2．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactofthetreatment?A.Breakthrough. B.Regret. C.Disappointment. D.Adventure.3．Whatistheproblemofthegenetreatment?A.Thebrainrefusestoreceiveit.B.Genestopstoproducehaircells.C.Geneexpressionmightbeweakened.D.Companiesreallyprofitalotfromit.4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ElectrifyingNewsBasedonSomeClinicalTrialsB.GeneTreatmentThatBringsDeafChildrenHopeC.WaysHowScientistsDevelopCochlearImplantsD.ChallengesAbouttheNewDeafnessTreatment.八、【2024年江蘇鹽城一模，閱讀D】"Anxiety."Theverywordinvitesdiscomfort.Itseffects-shortnessofbreath,poundingheart,muscletension--areoutrightupsetting.But,asaclinician,Ifindthatwetendtomissoutonmanyvaluableopportunitiespresentedbythishumanemotion.Inandofitself,anxietyisnotdeadly,norisitadisease.Quitethecontrary:itisanindicatorofbrainandsensoryhealth.Onceweacceptthatitisanormal,thoughuncomfortable,partoflife,wecanuseittohelpus.Weallknowworkingoutatthegymishard.Bynature,a"goodworkout"isuncomfortable,sinceitinvolvespushingourphysicalstrengthpastwhatwecaneasilydo.Thesweetspotofexerciseisalwaysasomewhatchallengingexperience.Similarly,ifyouwanttobeemotionallystronger,youneedtofacesometension.Forexample,oneeffectivetreatmentforfearisexposuretherapy（療法），whichinvolvesgraduallyencounteringthingsthatmakeoneanxious,reducingfearovertime.Humansaresocialcreatures.Whenmypatientslearntoopenuptotheirpartnersabouttheiranxieties,theyalmostalwaysreportagreatersenseofemotionalcloseness.Also,asinternationalrelationshipexpertSueJohnsonteaches,whenweexpressourneedforconnectionduringchallengingmoments（e.g.,"I'mhavingahardtimerightnowandcouldreallyuseyoursupport"）,itcreatesgreaterconnectionandturnsouranxietyintolove.Fromtimetotime,wefindourselvesattheendofourrope.Ourresponsibilitiespileup,ourresourcesbreakdown,andwefeeluncomfortablyanxious-whatwe'reexperiencingiscalledstress.Simplyput,thedemandsplaceduponusoutweighouravailableresources,justlikeasetofscales（天平）goingoutofbalance.FocusingonworkandpretendingeverythingisOKonlyleadstodisastrousresults.Medicaltreatmentforstressmayfunctionforawhile,butittendstomakethingsworseinthelongrun.Theonlysolutiontodealwithstressistodothemathematicstobalancethescales.1．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutanxiety?A.Itisaninvitationtodiseases.B.Itindicatesstablementalhealth.C.Itcostsusmanyvaluablechances.D.Itisanaturalemotionalexpression.2．Whydoestheauthormention"goodworkout"inparagraph2?A.Toprovehowexerciseinfluencesemotions.B.Tosuggestaneffectivewaytochallengelimits.C.Toexplainhowanxietybuildsemotionalstrength.D.Toshowapositiveconnectionbetweenmindandbody.3．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thekeytoclosenessispartners'support.B.Sharinganxietiesimprovesrelationships.C.Humansaredefinedbytheirsocialnature.D.Expressingfeelingskeepsusoffanxieties.4．Accordingtothelastparagraph,howcanwedealwithstress?A.Devotemoreenergytoourwork. B.Increaseresourcesavailabletous.C.Seekprofessionalmedicaltreatment. D.Masteradvancedmathematicalskills.

答案以及解析一、1．答案：A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbebecauseevensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods.(如果他看起來(lái)有點(diǎn)防御,那可能是因?yàn)樗囊恍┩屡紶枙?huì)嘲笑他的不同尋常的方法。)可知同事們認(rèn)為他有些古怪,故選A。2．答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Hebecameinterestedinalternativetreatments20yearsagowhenhesufferedfromterriblebackpain.Hetriedmuscle-relaxingdrugsbutfoundlittlerelief.Thenhetriedacupuncture,anancientChinesepractice,andwasamazedthatheimprovedaftertwoorthreetreatments.Whatworkedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients.So,afterstudyingthetechniquesforacoupleofyears,hebeganofferingthemtopets.(20年前,當(dāng)他背部疼痛難忍時(shí),他開(kāi)始對(duì)替代療法感興趣。他嘗試了放松肌肉的藥物,但收效甚微。然后,他嘗試了針灸,這是一種古老的中國(guó)做法,他驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn),經(jīng)過(guò)兩三次治療后,他的病情有所好轉(zhuǎn)。對(duì)獸醫(yī)有效的方法似乎對(duì)他的病人有效。因此,在研究了這些技術(shù)幾年后,他開(kāi)始將其提供給寵物。)可知,Farber自己作為病人從針灸上獲益后,他決定在寵物身上嘗試針灸。故選C。3．答案：D解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段LeighTindale'sdogCharliehadaseriousheartcondition.AfterCharliehadaheartattack,Tindalesays,shewaspreparedtoputhimtosleep,butFarber'streatmentseasedherdog'ssufferingsomuchthatshewasabletokeephimaliveforanadditionalfivemonths.AndPriscillaDewingreportsthatherhorse,Nappy,"movesmoreeasilyandridesmorecomfortably"afterachiropracticadjustment.(LeighTindale的狗Charlie患有嚴(yán)重的心臟病。Tindale說(shuō),Charlie心臟病發(fā)作后,她準(zhǔn)備讓他入睡,但Farber的治療大大減輕了她的狗的痛苦,她能夠讓它再活五個(gè)月。PriscillaDewing報(bào)告說(shuō),她的馬Nappy在脊椎按摩調(diào)整后"移動(dòng)更容易,騎行更舒適"。)可知本段主要介紹了整體醫(yī)學(xué)的效果。故選D。4．答案：A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Farberiscertainthattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime,andifthepastisanyindication,hemayberight:(Farber確信,隨著時(shí)間的推移,整體方法將越來(lái)越受歡迎,如果過(guò)去有任何跡象表明,他可能是對(duì)的:)可知,Farber認(rèn)為全面醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)隨著時(shí)間推移,越來(lái)越受歡迎。Since1982,membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700.(自1982年以來(lái),美國(guó)整體獸醫(yī)協(xié)會(huì)的會(huì)員人數(shù)已從30人增加到700多人。)可知,作者提到美國(guó)整體獸醫(yī)協(xié)會(huì)是為了證明Farber的觀點(diǎn)。故選A。二、1．答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ThenightbeforeNik'sdeath,heaskedhismothertohelpensurethatyoungadultsfightingcancercouldhavetheirwishescometruetoo.(在尼克去世的前一晚，他請(qǐng)求他的母親幫助確保那些與癌癥作斗爭(zhēng)的年輕人也能實(shí)現(xiàn)他們的愿望?！笨芍峥嗽谌ナ狼耙拐?qǐng)求他的母親幫助那些正在與癌癥斗爭(zhēng)的年輕成年人實(shí)現(xiàn)他們的愿望即幫助年輕的癌癥患者實(shí)現(xiàn)他們的愿望。故選C。2．答案：A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Hediedin2012.ButNik'skindnessandgenerosityhavelivedonlongafterhisdeath.(他于2012年去世。但尼克的善良和慷慨在他死后依然存在。)”可知，雖然尼克去世了，可是尼克的善良和慷慨在他去世后仍然延續(xù)，這表明他是一個(gè)慷慨和關(guān)心他人的人。故選3．答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“In2012.KelliBoehlestartedNik'sWish.Thenonprofitgrantswishestoyoungadultsbetweentheagesof18and24whoarebattlingcancer.(2012年，KelliBoehle創(chuàng)力Nik’sWish。這家非營(yíng)利組織向年齡在18到24歲之間與癌癥作斗爭(zhēng)的年輕人提供愿望。)”可知，在2012年，KelliBoehle開(kāi)始了“Nik'sWish”，即2012年她設(shè)立了這個(gè)組織。故選C。4．答案：B解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文，這篇文章講述了尼克在2008年17歲時(shí)被診斷出患有癌癥，并于2012年去世。盡管如此，尼克的善良和慷慨在他去世后仍然延續(xù)。尼克的母親通過(guò)建立“Nik'sWish”慈善組織幫助其他的年輕患癌者。因此B選項(xiàng)“Awishmaker.(一個(gè)愿望實(shí)現(xiàn)者)”是一個(gè)合適的標(biāo)題。故選B三、1．答案：B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，全球約有1270萬(wàn)人因眼角膜受損而失明，但只有七十分之一的患者能有機(jī)會(huì)接受眼角膜移植。而且大多數(shù)人還生活在低收入和中等收入國(guó)家，在這些國(guó)家，獲得治療的途徑非常有限。故選B。2．答案：B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whiledonatedcorneasmustbeusedwithintwoweeks,thebioengineeredcorneascanbestoredforuptotwoyearsbeforeuse.”可知，捐贈(zèng)的角膜必須在兩周內(nèi)使用，但是這種生物工程角膜可以在其使用前儲(chǔ)存長(zhǎng)達(dá)兩年的時(shí)間。故選B項(xiàng)。3．答案：A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，研究人員還開(kāi)發(fā)了一種新手術(shù)方法，并且舉例在一項(xiàng)試點(diǎn)研究中，20名參與者中有14人在術(shù)前是失明的，但在手術(shù)后，他們都重見(jiàn)光明了。其中，來(lái)自印度的三名參與者在手術(shù)后視力完全恢復(fù)了。由此可推知，這項(xiàng)新的手術(shù)方法是成功的。故選A項(xiàng)。4．答案：D解析：推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了科研人員提取豬皮中的膠原蛋白，制成了人類角膜的替代品，并且還開(kāi)發(fā)了一種新的治療方法。由此可推知，文章的目的是展示醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的突破。故選D。四、1．答案：A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Insideisthespinalcord,whichcarriesimportantinformationbetweentheheadandthelowerpartofthebody.（里面是脊髓，它在頭部和身體下部之間傳遞重要信息。）”可知，脊髓的主要功能是傳遞重要信息，是一個(gè)信息載體。故選A項(xiàng)。2．答案：D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Insideisthespinalcord,whichcarriesimportantinformationbetweentheheadandthelowerpartofthebody.Thisinformationmovesaroundasburstsofelectricitytravelingbetweenthebrainandtheotherpartsofthebody.Whenthespinalcordishurt,thispathwaygetsdamagedandtheycan’tmovetheirlegs.（里面是脊髓，它在頭部和身體下部之間傳遞重要信息。這些信息作為電流在大腦和身體其他部位之間傳播。當(dāng)脊髓受傷時(shí)，這條通路就會(huì)受損，他們的腿就不能動(dòng)了。）”以及第三段“Theresearchersmadesuretheelectrodeswerelinedupwithnervesthatcontrolthelegmuscles.Thescientistscontrolledtheimplantsfromatabletcomputer.（研究人員確保電極與控制腿部肌肉的神經(jīng)對(duì)齊?？茖W(xué)家們通過(guò)平板電腦控制植入物。）”可知，脊髓受傷時(shí)，神經(jīng)流受損導(dǎo)致他們的腿不能動(dòng)，所以科學(xué)家植入特殊裝置的預(yù)期用途是彌合受傷造成的神經(jīng)間隙。故選D項(xiàng)。3．答案：B解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Instead,thetablettellstheimplanttosendthewalkingmessages.Theresearchersusedcomputerstogeneratepatternsofmovement,liketakingastep.Thepatientthenusesthetablettochoosethepatternandthemusclesmoveinthechosenway.（相反，平板電腦讓植入物發(fā)送行走信息。研究人員使用計(jì)算機(jī)生成運(yùn)動(dòng)模式，比如邁出一步。然后，患者使用平板電腦選擇模式，肌肉以選定的方式運(yùn)動(dòng)。）”可知，本段主要介紹了該設(shè)備如何在患者身上工作。故選B項(xiàng)。4．答案：C解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Now,scientistshavegiventhreeparalyzedmentheabilitytowalkagain,thankstoanimplanteddevice.（現(xiàn)在，由于植入了一種設(shè)備，科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)讓三名癱瘓男子恢復(fù)了行走的能力。）”以及最后一段“Butthescientistsarehopefulthatinthefuture,thissortoftechnologywillallowmanyparalyzedpeopletobegintowalkagaininjusthours.（但科學(xué)家們希望，在未來(lái)，這種技術(shù)將允許許多癱瘓的人在短短幾個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)重新開(kāi)始行走。）”可知，文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家通過(guò)植入特殊裝置讓癱瘓者恢復(fù)行走能力，所以“植入物幫助癱患者再次行走”可以作為文章標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。五、1．答案：D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Inthesecondhalfofthe18thcentury,aBritishdoctornamedEdwardJennergavehisgardener’ssoncowpox(牛痘)andthendeliberatelyinfectedhimwithsmallpox(天花)totesthisassumptionthatpeoplewhowerefrequentlyexposedtocowpox,asimilarbutlessseverevir