全國(guó)統(tǒng)考2025屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)選修10Unit3Protectingourselves講義教案

PAGEUnit3ProtectingourselvesⅠ.細(xì)品嘗經(jīng)典文章Comparedwithfoodthatprovidesnutritionalsupport,adrugisanysubstancethatcausesaphysiologicalchangeinhumanbeings’bodywheninhaledorinjected,suchasmorphine,heroin,cannabisandsoon.Thedrugproblemisaworldwideproblem,inthe20thcentury,theworld’smostseriouspublichazardandoneofthepublicenemiesofallmankind,whichcurrentlycontinuestothreatenpublichealth,safety,well-beingandtounderminesocial,economicandpoliticalstabilityandsustainabledevelopment.Howdoesadrugundermineasingleone,andthenmostofus,finallythesocial,economicandpoliticalstabilitystepbystep?Haveyoueverheard“butterflyeffect”?Itmaypreciselyelucidatethepotentialprocess.We’vealreadyrealizedthatadrugwillcauseaphysiologicalchangeinahumanbeing’sbody,makingyoubothphysicallyandmentallydependentonit.Whennotused,adrugcausesalotofdisordersinyourphysiologicalfunctions,leavingyoulessthanalive.Andfurthermore,moreandmoredrugsshouldbeusedtopreventaddictsfromsufferingfrompains.Themoredrugsused,themorecost.Howcanacommonaddictaffordsomuch?Soheorsheturnstotheirfamilyforhelporimposestheburdenontheirfamily.Itisnotthattheirfamilyarenotwillingtohelpthem,butthatsuchanabyssisbeyondtheirabilities.Bysacrificingmorepeople,thecriminalsorprofiteersspreadthedrugsworldwidetomakehugeprofits.Gradually,destroyingaddicts’families,drugsexhaustwhattheyhave.Ifallowingsuchasituationtoindulgeitself,agovernmentmayalsofail.Inordertostop,confineandpreventthissituation,manyacountermeasureisbeingcarriedoutwitheffortsfrommultiplesectionsorcountries.Weshouldneverevercontactdrugsnomatterhowcuriousyouareorhowseductivethedrugis.Cherishlife,keepawayfromdrugs.Ⅱ.按要求完成任務(wù)1.寫(xiě)出文章中與毒品和健康相關(guān)的單詞和短語(yǔ)。nutritional,inject,hazard,threaten,well-being,physicallyandmentally,disorder,addict,sufferfrom,keepawayfrom

2.寫(xiě)出文章中的美麗句式。①Themoredrugsused,themorecost.(the+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí))

②Itisnotthattheirfamilyarenotwillingtohelpthem,butthatsuchanabyssisbeyondtheirabilities.(notthat...,butthat...)

③Weshouldneverevercontactdrugsnomatterhowcuriousyouareorhowseductivethedrugis.(nomatter+疑問(wèn)詞)

1.concludevi.&vt.(使)結(jié)束;下結(jié)論;推斷【教材原句】Toconclude,Aidseducationisthebestwaytoprotectourselvesfromthisterribledisease.(P41)最終,艾滋病教化是愛(ài)護(hù)我們遠(yuǎn)離這種可怕疾病的最好方法?！驹~塊必記】(1)concludesth.withsth. 以……結(jié)束……conclude(fromsth.)that... (由……)推斷出……,斷定……toconclude 最終(2)conclusion n.結(jié)論draw/reach/arriveat/cometoaconclusion 得出結(jié)論inconclusion 最終【語(yǔ)境速測(cè)】用conclude的正確形式填空①Itcanbeconcludedthatridingbicyclesisreallygoodforanindividualaswellasthewholesociety.

②Toconclude,Irecommendthatpeopleshouldgetridofbadbehavior.

③StudentscametoaconclusionthatitisnotsodifficulttolearnEnglishiftheytryvariousways.【寫(xiě)作金句】Afterweighingtheprosandcons,Iconcludethatit’sneveragoodideatoallowstudentstotakemobilephonestoschool.權(quán)衡利弊之后,我得出結(jié)論:允許學(xué)生帶手機(jī)進(jìn)校內(nèi)絕不是個(gè)好辦法。2.trapvt.(trapped;trapped)使陷入逆境;使陷入圈套;夾住,卡住n.陷阱,圈套;逆境【典型例句】Ifyouaretrappedintheruins,pleasebecalmandwaitfortherescueteamtohelp.假如你被困在廢墟里,請(qǐng)保持冷靜,等待救援隊(duì)來(lái)幫你?！驹~塊必記】(1)trapsb.in把某人困在……中be/feeltrappedin/by 被困在……中trapsb.into(doing)sth. 誘騙某人(做)某事(2)set/layatrap(for) (為……)布好陷阱becaughtinatrap=fallintoatrap 落入陷阱【語(yǔ)境速測(cè)】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Whatmademeterrifiedwasthatmyfeetweretrapped(trap)bysomeweedandIcouldnotswimanymore.

②Ahummingbird-sized(蜂鳥(niǎo)大小的)dinosauridentifiedfromaskulltrapped(trap)inambermaybethesmallestdinosaureverfound.③Formigrantworkers,lackingtheknowledgeofhandlingcomputershastrappedthemintrouble.完成句子④Sheistrappedinanunhappymarriage.

她陷入不幸的婚姻之中?！緦W(xué)問(wèn)拓展】“欺瞞某人做某事”cheatsb.intodoingsth.tricksb.intodoingsth.foolsb.intodoingsth.3.burstonthescene突然出現(xiàn)【教材原句】However,sincethediseaseburstonthesceneinthe1980s,ithasbecomeaseriousproblemaroundtheworld.(P34)然而,自從這個(gè)病在二十世紀(jì)八十年頭突然出現(xiàn)以來(lái),它已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)全球范圍的嚴(yán)峻問(wèn)題?！驹~塊必記】(1)onthescene 當(dāng)場(chǎng),在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)(2)behindthescenes 隱私地,在幕后,不公開(kāi)地【語(yǔ)境速測(cè)】完成句子①Asschoolwillstartsoon,Ican’twaitonthesceneforyou.因?yàn)榭煲险n了,我無(wú)法在原地等你。

②It’sanexcitingopportunitytolearnwhatgoesonbehindthescenes.

可以有機(jī)會(huì)了解幕后的工作,令人特別興奮?！緦?xiě)作金句】WhenyoulistentoChinesetraditionalmelody,youmustbepersonallyonthescene,justlikecommunicatingwiththecomposer.當(dāng)你聽(tīng)中國(guó)古典音樂(lè)的時(shí)候,你必需親自到現(xiàn)場(chǎng),就像與作曲者溝通一樣?！緜溥x要點(diǎn)】1.reactionn.生理反應(yīng),副作用;回應(yīng),反應(yīng)【教材原句】Althoughthesedrugscanproducedifferentreactions,theycanallmakepeopleaddicted.(P46)盡管這些藥物能夠產(chǎn)生不同的反應(yīng),但是它們都能讓人上癮?！驹~塊必記】(1)inreactionto對(duì)……的反應(yīng)(2)react vi.起反應(yīng);有影響;起作用reactto 對(duì)……起反應(yīng),反應(yīng)reactagainst 抗拒;對(duì)……抗拒【語(yǔ)境速測(cè)】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Stressisanormallyemotionalreaction(react)andweshouldlearntoeffectivelydealwithit.②Iwasalittlebituneasyatfirst,notknowinghowshewouldreacttothisgesture.③Peoplewillnotendureoppressionforever;soonerorlatertheywillreactagainstit.完成句子④Angerisnotnecessarilythemostusefuloracceptablereactiontosuchevents.

對(duì)于這種事,發(fā)火不肯定是最有用或最能被接受的反應(yīng)。2.bathevt.&vi.(給……)洗澡,沐浴【教材原句】InanAfricanvillage,eleven-year-oldAjaniisbathinghisyoungersister.(P34)在非洲的一個(gè)村子里,11歲的Ajani正給他年幼的妹妹洗澡?！驹~塊必記】(1)bathesth.insth.使……沐浴在……里get/bebathedinlight/sunshine/sweat 沐浴在光線里/陽(yáng)光下/汗流浹背(2)bath n.浴缸,浴盆;沐浴have/takeabath 沐浴,洗澡【語(yǔ)境速測(cè)】完成句子①Wemayalsohelpsomeelderstogetbathedinthesunshine,orevensupportsometotakeawalk.

我們也可以幫助一些老人曬曬太陽(yáng),散漫步。②Everytimeyoutakeabath,youremovegermsandvirusesfromyourbody.

每次你洗澡時(shí),都從身上去除細(xì)菌和病毒。【寫(xiě)作金句】Wecanalsotryawarmbathoracupofwarmmilkbeforegoingtobed,whichmighthelpustohaveasoundsleep.我們也可以在睡覺(jué)前洗個(gè)溫水澡,或喝杯熱牛奶,這會(huì)幫助我們睡個(gè)好覺(jué)。3.bidn.努力爭(zhēng)取;招標(biāo)vi.(bid;bid)出價(jià);投標(biāo);試圖【教材原句】Inabidtocontroltheproblem,thegovernmenthasopenedlabstomonitorthedisease.(P35)為了限制這個(gè)問(wèn)題,政府已經(jīng)開(kāi)放了試驗(yàn)室以監(jiān)控這種疾病?！驹~塊必記】(1)bid...for/on... 出價(jià)……買……bidfor 投標(biāo);爭(zhēng)取達(dá)到(某個(gè)目標(biāo))bidagainstsb. 與某人爭(zhēng)出高價(jià);抬價(jià)競(jìng)買(2)makeabidfor 努力爭(zhēng)取inabidto 為了【語(yǔ)境速測(cè)】完成句子①InabidtopleaseChinesetastebuds,Krafthasmade

anOreowithChinesecharacteristics.不過(guò)為了滿意中國(guó)人的味蕾,卡夫制造出了具有中國(guó)特色的奧利奧。②Hesaidhisdecisiontobidforthebronzeshadbeena“patriotic”act.

他說(shuō)他去競(jìng)拍青銅物品的確定是一個(gè)“愛(ài)國(guó)”的行動(dòng)?！緦?xiě)作金句】ThisisaglimpseintothelifeofmostChinese—allowingustobidfarewelltothewalletandbankcards.這是對(duì)大多數(shù)中國(guó)人生活的一瞥——讓我們告辭了錢包和銀行卡。4.appetiten.食欲,胃口;劇烈欲望【教材原句】Speedisoftenusedasaweight-losspill,becauseitreducesone’sappetite.(P46)安非他明常常被用作減肥藥,因?yàn)樗芙档腿藗兊奈缚??！驹~塊必記】haveanappetitefor寵愛(ài),渴望haveagood/poorappetite 胃口好/不好loseone’sappetite 食欲減退toone’sappetite 合某人的胃口lackofappetite 沒(méi)胃口【語(yǔ)境速測(cè)】完成句子①Somesufferfromlackofsleep,andotherslosetheirappetite,whichhasaterribleeffectontheirstudy.一些人睡眠不足,其他人食欲減退,這對(duì)他們的學(xué)習(xí)產(chǎn)生了不好的影響。

②KnowingthatyouhaveanappetiteforChineseculture,Isincerelyinviteyoutoparticipateinit.

得知你寵愛(ài)中國(guó)文化,我真誠(chéng)地邀請(qǐng)你參與。【寫(xiě)作金句】Don’tworrytoomuch,oryoumayfindyourselfhavingproblemswithsleep,appetite,orevenmemory.不要太過(guò)擔(dān)憂,否則你會(huì)發(fā)覺(jué)自己有許多問(wèn)題,比如睡眠問(wèn)題、食欲問(wèn)題,甚至是記憶問(wèn)題。5.wipeaway消退,去除【教材原句】Whiletheycannotwipeawaythestainofthepast,theycancertainlymoveforward.(P47)盡管他們難以抹去過(guò)去的污點(diǎn),但是他們肯定可以前進(jìn)。【詞塊必記】wipesth.from/offsth. 把……從……抹掉wipesth.away/off/up 把……擦掉wipeout 徹底殲滅;擦凈……的內(nèi)部【語(yǔ)境速測(cè)】完成句子①Iwipedawaytears,heldtheboxtightlyandfeltasurgeofwarmth.

我擦掉眼淚,緊緊抱著盒子,感到一陣暖流涌動(dòng)。②ThenIwipedthedustoffallthefurniture,sweptandthenmoppedthefloors.

隨后,我擦掉全部家具上的灰塵,掃地,然后拖地。③We’llwipeoutanyenemythatdarestoinvadeourterritory.

敵人膽敢來(lái)侵?jǐn)_我們的領(lǐng)土,我們就把他殲滅。Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.(2024·天津高考)ThisledJonestotheconclusion(conclude)thattherearetoomanyextremelylonelypeopleinhiscommunity.2.(2024·浙江高考)Inthepast,therewasoftenanautomaticreaction(react)toincreasedtraffic:justwidentheroads.3.(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.4.(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Thebaywasbathed(bathe)insunshine,andtherewasagroupofkayakersaround150mofftheshore.

5.(2024?天津高考)Mostofus,infact,progressivelynarrowthevarietyofourlives.Wesucceedinourfieldofspecializationandthenbecometrapped(trap)init.Ⅱ.微短文改錯(cuò)(每句中最多2個(gè)錯(cuò))1.Itwasgenerousoftheoldmantotakeouthissavingstohelpthepeopleinneedof.Peoplespokehighofhim.第一句去掉need后面的of;其次句high→highly2.AidsarecausedbyaviruscalledHIV.Sometimes,peoplewiththisdeadlyvirusliveforyearswithoutwardsymptoms,sotheydonotknowthatyouarecarriers.第一句are→is;其次句其次個(gè)with→without;其次句you→they3.Daisyisfondofsoftdrinks,thatmayleadtoherobesity.Nowsherealizestheimportanceofhealthydiet,soshedecidestobreakthehabit.第一句that→which;其次句healthy前面加a4.LSDcanchangethewaypeoplethinkandseeaworld.Itprovidesreactionsrangefromincreasedheartratetoacuteanxiety.Theusersmaykillthemselvesbecausewhattheyseeorhear.第一句a→the;其次句range→ranging;第三句because之后加ofⅢ.語(yǔ)法填空(黑體詞為本單元重點(diǎn)詞匯)Withthe1.development(develop)ofscienceandtechnology,ourlifeisbecomingbetterandbetter,2.butatthesametimeourenvironmentisbeingdestroyed.Moreandmore3.endangered(endanger)species,disastersresultingfrom4.global(globe)warming,moredeathsrelatedtopollution...What’syourreaction5.tothenews?I’mconvincedthatallthepeoplehave6.anappetiteforagoodenvironment.Chinesegovernmenthastakeneffectivemeasures7.toprotect(protect)theenvironment.Nowwehaveablueskyandfreshairtobreatheoveragain.8.Actually(actual),pollutionpreventioneducationisveryimportant.Weallhavetodosomethingtosupportit.Ifeveryone9.spent(spend)justapennyonit,wecouldmakeareallybig10.difference(different).

Ⅰ.話題與閱讀理解(2024·北京模擬)Infectionsthatcrossoverfromotherspeciesareadeadlyproblem.Thenewcoronavirus(冠狀病毒)isthelatestexampleofavirusthatjumpedfromanimalsintohumans.Wheninfectionsdothis,theycanbedeadly—and2024-nCoVisnoexception.Nearlyallvirusesandbacteriathatinfectotherorganismsarecompletelyharmlesstopeople.Butatinyproportioncaninfectusandcauseso-calledzoonotic(動(dòng)物傳染的)diseases,whichcomefromanimalsratherthanpeople.Suchdiseasesareamassiveproblem.Theymakearound2.5billionpeopleilleveryyearandkill2.7million.Notallzoonoticdiseasescauseseriousillness,buttheEbolavirus,forexample,currentlykillsmostofthoseitinfects.Onereasonzoonoticvirusescanbethisdeadlyisthatwelackpre-existingimmunity(免疫)tothem.Anotheristhatthesevirusesaren’tadaptedtohumans.Virusesthatnormallycirculateamongpeoplecandeveloptobecomelessdeadly,asthishelpsthemspread.“Theydon’twantyoutodropdeadwithinadaybecauseyouwon’tpassittoanyoneelse,”saysChrisColemanattheUniversityofNottingham,UK.Togetinfected,peopleneedtocomeintocontactwiththeanimalthevirususuallyinfects.Thisismostlikelywithdomesticatedanimals.CamelscarrytheMERScoronavirusthatcausessporadichumancases,forinstance.Manyvirusesthatjumpintopeople,likeMERS,seldomspreadfrompersontoperson.Theycanstillinfectthousands,though.Rabiesismostlypassedonbydogbites,butkills60,000peopleayear.Others,suchasEbola,canspreadfrompersontoperson,butaren’tverygoodatitandsocauserelativelysmalloutbreaks.The2024coronavirus,bycontrast,appearsquitegoodatspreadingfrompersontoperson.Wedon’tknowhowdeadlyitisyet.Biologistshavebeenwarningfordecadesabouttherisksofanimalvirusesspreadingtopeople.Thereisgoodreasontoworry.Thelastglobalpandemic(傳染病),the2009fluthatkilledupto400,000people,wascausedbyastrainoffluthatcamefrompigs.Andthatfluisthoughttobeadescendantofthe1918flu,whichcamefrombirds.HIV,whichhasinfectedabout75millionpeople,isnowthoughtofasahumanvirus.Butitjumpedfromchimpanzeesintohumansrelativelyrecently,inthe1930s.Colemanthinksthereislittlewecandotostoppeoplecomingintocontactwithanimalsthatmaycarrydangerousviruses.“It’sverydifficulttocontrolthat,”hesays.Instead,hesaysweneedtohavevaccines(疫苗)readyinadvance.Thiscouldmeancreatingvaccinesthatareeffectiveagainstawiderangeofvirusesanddevelopingvaccinesthatrequireonlyminorchangestoworkagainstanewviralstrain,muchlikeannualfluvaccines.【文章大意】文章介紹了來(lái)自動(dòng)物的人畜共患疾病致命的緣由,并列舉出歷史上動(dòng)物傳染給人類的一些病毒,以警示人們動(dòng)物病毒傳播給人類所帶來(lái)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“circulate”inPara.3probablymean?A.Passon. B.Attackeachother.C.Dieaway. D.Worktogether.【解析】選A。詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫(huà)線詞后的句子“...asthishelpsthemspread.‘Theydon’twantyoutodropdeadwithinadaybecauseyouwon’tpassittoanyoneelse,‘”(因?yàn)檫@有助于它們的傳播。“它們(病毒)不希望你在一天之內(nèi)就死掉,因?yàn)槟悴粫?huì)把它傳給其他人,”),句中的spread和passittoanyoneelse意思為“傳播”。因此可以推想,circulate意思為“傳播”。2.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Peoplemustkeepawayfromwildanimals.B.Themajorityofvirusesareamassiveproblem.C.The2009fluhadnoconnectionwiththe1918flu.D.Vaccinesareaneffectiveoptiontofightagainstviruses.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最終一段中“...hesaysweneedtohavevaccinesreadyinadvance.Thiscouldmeancreatingvaccinesthatareeffectiveagainstawiderangeofvirusesanddevelopingvaccinesthatrequireonlyminorchangestoworkagainstanewviralstrain,”(他說(shuō)我們須要提前打算好疫苗。這可能意味著要研制能夠有效對(duì)抗多種病毒的疫苗,以及開(kāi)發(fā)只需稍加變更就能應(yīng)付新病毒毒株的疫苗,)可知,研發(fā)疫苗是對(duì)抗病毒的有效選擇。3.Thepassagemainlyaimsto_______.

A.analyzetheoriginsofvirusesB.explaintheconsequenceofdiseasesC.drawpeople’sattentiontozoonoticvirusesD.persuadepeopletoprotectthewildanimals【解析】選C。推理推斷題。作者在文章中列舉了一些病毒,目的就是要人們關(guān)注人畜共患病毒。4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowAreVaccinesMadeB.VirusesInfectedfromAnimalsC.AGlobalHealthEmergencyD.WhyIsn’tThereaCoronavirusVaccineYet【解析】選B。主旨大意題。文章首句提出“Infectionsthatcrossoverfromotherspeciesareadeadlyproblem.”(來(lái)自其他物種的感染是一個(gè)致命的問(wèn)題)。下文介紹了從動(dòng)物到人類傳染的疾病——人畜共患疾病的致命的緣由,并且舉出曾經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)的動(dòng)物傳播給人類病毒的例子。因此文章是關(guān)于從動(dòng)物傳播到人類的病毒,標(biāo)題應(yīng)當(dāng)為“從動(dòng)物感染的病毒”?！疚⒓寄茳c(diǎn)撥】詞義揣測(cè)題是閱讀理解中常見(jiàn)的一種題型,要求考生精確理解文中某些關(guān)鍵單詞或詞組的含義,包括對(duì)超綱詞義的推斷以及熟詞生義的揣測(cè),須要通過(guò)上下文得出其在特定場(chǎng)合的含義。揣測(cè)詞義的方法一般有以下幾種:1.通過(guò)構(gòu)詞法(派生、合成、轉(zhuǎn)化)揣測(cè)。2.通過(guò)已有的同義詞或反義詞揣測(cè),即在上下文找出該生詞的其他表示方法,由此推斷其含義。3.通過(guò)同位語(yǔ)揣測(cè)。4.通過(guò)說(shuō)明性的詞語(yǔ),如thatis,thatistosay,inotherwords等,以及標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào),如破折號(hào)、括號(hào)等引出的對(duì)該詞的說(shuō)明性詞、句揣測(cè)。5.通過(guò)詳細(xì)語(yǔ)境中體現(xiàn)出來(lái)的某種關(guān)系,如因果關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系等進(jìn)行揣測(cè)。本文中第1題為詞義揣測(cè)題,依據(jù)策略解題如下:Step1確定題干關(guān)鍵詞:theunderlinedword“circulate”Step2回到原文準(zhǔn)定位:第三段第三句和第四句asthishelpsthemspread.“Theydon’twantyoutodropdeadwithinadaybecauseyouwon’tpassittoanyoneelse”Step3對(duì)比選項(xiàng)找最佳:嘗試解答A。

【語(yǔ)用提能】話題詞匯infection,deadly,species,disease,virusesandbacteria,spread,organism,outbreak,dangerous短語(yǔ)句式getinfected,beadaptedto,pass...to...,frompersontoperson,astrainof,bethoughtofas,comeintocontactwith【微語(yǔ)法填空】閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thenewcoronavirus(冠狀病毒)isatypicalexampleofavirusthatjumpedfromanimalsintohumans.Wheninfectionsdothis,theycanbedeadly—and2024-nCoVisno1.exception(except).Atinyproportionofvirusesandbacteriacaninfectusandcauseso-calledzoonoticdiseases,2.whichcomefromanimalsratherthanpeople.Butnotallzoonoticdiseasescauseseriousillness,buttheEbolavirus,forexample,3.currently(current)killsmostofthoseitinfects.Onereasonzoonoticvirusescanbethisdeadlyis4.thatwelackpre-existingimmunity(免疫)tothem.Anotheristhatthesevirusesaren’tadaptedtohumans.Biologists5.havebeenwarning(warn)fordecadesabouttherisksofanimalvirusesspreadingtopeople.Thereisgoodreason6.toworry(worry).HIV,whichhasinfectedabout75millionpeople,isnow7.thought(think)ofasahumanvirus.Butitjumpedfromchimpanzeesintohumansrelativelyrecently,in8.the1930s.

Colemanthinksthereisl