專題15 語(yǔ)法填空（講練）

專題15語(yǔ)法填空考情分析語(yǔ)法填空是中考英語(yǔ)試卷最難題目之一，它的分值是10-15分，分為10個(gè)小題。短文填空一般在一篇200~250字左右的故事性短文中挖出10個(gè)空，要求學(xué)生通讀短文，并根據(jù)上下文來(lái)補(bǔ)全短文，每空只能填一個(gè)單詞。主要考九大詞類（名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞、連詞、冠詞）。該題旨在測(cè)試考生的英語(yǔ)閱讀理解能力和簡(jiǎn)單的書面表達(dá)能力，看其是否能夠運(yùn)用所學(xué)過(guò)的英語(yǔ)知識(shí)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的書面交流，從而達(dá)到既考查學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，又考查他們的觀察能力、聯(lián)想能力以及對(duì)語(yǔ)言的綜合運(yùn)用能力。為了答好短文填空題目，我們要打好基礎(chǔ)關(guān)。這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)關(guān)既包括1600個(gè)單詞，300多個(gè)短語(yǔ)以及一部分常用句型和習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)的意思和用法，也包括各種詞的詞形變化。知識(shí)導(dǎo)圖中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空，不論是單句填空還是短文填空，主要有兩種形式的空：用所給詞（v、n、pron、adj、adv)的正確形式填空；無(wú)提示詞填空（prep、conj、art)。說(shuō)白了，中考就考四道題：動(dòng)詞變形題：時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)態(tài)，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 名詞或代詞變形題：詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞，同一詞根），名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、所有格、可數(shù)與不可數(shù)人稱代詞、不定代詞、反身代詞，形容詞性物主代詞后;名詞性物主代詞形容詞或副詞變形題：詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（變反義詞或副詞），較級(jí)或最高級(jí)的幾種用法無(wú)提示詞填空題：冠詞，介詞，連詞真題演練（2023·浙江杭州）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。將答案填寫在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置。TrafficSchoolHaveyoueverdriventhrougharedtrafficlight?Haveyoueverparkedinthewrongplaceordriven____1____(fast)thanthespeedlimit(限制)?Theanswersareprobably“yes”.Everyyear____2____(thousand)ofdriversbecome“offenders”-theybreaktherulesoftheroad.But___3____arethepunishmentsforthisoffence?Inmostcountriesdrivershavetopayafine(罰款),____4____(usual)$100—$300.ButintheUSA,Australiaandsome____5___(Europe)countriesoffendersalsogetpointsontheirdrivinglicense.Aftertheyget___6___certainnumberofpoints,theycan’tdrive.Lifeisdifficultwhenyoucan’tdrive.SofarsomestatesintheUSA____7___(introduce)anewwaytoavoidthis-TrafficSchool.Offendershaveachoice:Theycangetpointsontheirlicense___8____theycandoacourseatTrafficSchool.TrafficSchoolsrun“driverimprovementcourses”.Theycostabout$100andtakefromfour____9____twelvehours.Mostpeopledothecourseinaclassroom,butinsomestatesdriverscandothecourseonline.Driverslearntherulesoftheroadandtheylearnhow___10____(be)betterdrivers.Theydon’thavetotakeadrivingtest,butattheendofthecoursetheyhavetopassawrittenexamination.核心考向探究中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空，不論是單句填空還是短文填空，主要有兩種形式的空：用所給詞（v、n、pron、adj、adv)的正確形式填空；無(wú)提示詞填空（prep、conj、art)。說(shuō)白了，中考就考四道題：第一道題：動(dòng)詞變形題是指括號(hào)中給出了一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，需要對(duì)該動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行形式變化才能符合句子要求的設(shè)題類型。此類設(shè)題主要有兩個(gè)角度，其中的一個(gè)角度就是考查動(dòng)詞的自身變化【動(dòng)詞的謂語(yǔ)形式(時(shí)、語(yǔ)態(tài)變化)及非謂語(yǔ)形式(動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞】；另一個(gè)角度是考查動(dòng)詞與名詞、形容詞、副詞的相互變化【構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)】；第二道題：名詞或代詞變形題名詞變形題指的是對(duì)所給名詞進(jìn)行自身變化（名詞的單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)、名詞變成名詞所有格）或者相互變化（名詞變形容詞、名詞變動(dòng)詞、名詞變副詞）【構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)】；代詞變形題主要考查代詞的格（主格、賓格、形容詞性物主代詞、名詞性物主代詞和反身代詞的相互變化，甚至個(gè)別不定代詞之間的變化：如：many變成much,both變成neither，other變成others或another,some變any,all變none,few變little);第三道題：形容詞或副詞變形題形容詞或副詞變形題主要考查它們的自身變化（級(jí)的變化：原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)）或者相互變化（形容詞變副詞、形容詞變成動(dòng)詞、形容詞變成名詞、副詞變成形容詞）【構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)】；第四道題：無(wú)提示詞填空題無(wú)提示填空題是一種在不給提示詞的前提下，要求根據(jù)句意、句法或句子間邏輯關(guān)系而填空的設(shè)題。這里要填的主要是介詞、連詞、冠詞、代詞it、關(guān)系代詞/副詞。由于不給提示詞，實(shí)際上加大了解題的難度。解答此類題目（特別是要填的是連詞）時(shí)，首先要從句意上去考慮，看看句意是否通順連貫。然后從句子結(jié)構(gòu)上去考慮，看看所填句子是簡(jiǎn)單句還是復(fù)合句，如果是復(fù)合句，就要考慮從句連接詞的選擇。最后從句子間的邏輯上考慮，選擇適合句子間邏輯關(guān)系的詞進(jìn)行填充。比如因果關(guān)系要考慮so,because等；轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系要考慮but,though;并列關(guān)系要考慮and。如果是缺關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞，則要根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句的句子成分來(lái)定奪。而要填的是介詞時(shí)，一定要關(guān)注空格前的動(dòng)詞是不是vi,是vi要考慮其搭配，更要考慮空格后的詞/短語(yǔ)的含義，選擇用合適的介詞。冠詞一般出現(xiàn)在名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)前，特別是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前要考慮a/an。另外要注意習(xí)慣用法。命題預(yù)測(cè)Passage1（2023·江蘇蘇州市）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，在答題卡標(biāo)有題號(hào)的橫線上，填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DancingwiththeLightAfewyearsago,IvisitedtheClassicalGardensofSuzhou.Duringthevisit,myattentionwasdrawnawayfromtheplants,bridgesandstones,towards____1____wallsofthegardens.Mostlywhite,somepartsofthewallsarelosingsmall____2___(piece)oftheircovering.Thiscreatesspaceinwhichlightandplantscanbe____3___(see).Thewallsarenotonlytheboundariesofthegardens,buttheyalsoformprotectedpathsthatguideyouonatrip.Thememoryofthewhitewallsstayedwithme.Ikept____4____(imagine)howmanyshadows(影)couldbecollectedbythemtodancewiththelight.Thisfantasticmomentwassolively____5____Icamebacktoexploreitwithmycamera.Working____6____(free)withthesewallsandtheirmarks,Ibegantofeellikecollectingallthestoriesthatwerepaintedthere.Weatherandtimehaveturnedthese____7____(amaze)whitewallsintoChineselandscapepaintings.I___8___(take)thephotosduringthemonthofJune,justaftertherain.Theairwasfullofsmalldropsofwater,showingthelightandthecolor____9____thethingsaround.Ascolorwasbornoutofadancebetweenlightandabody,whenphotographingincolorIfound___10___(I)enjoyingamomentofthisdance.Passage2（2024·原創(chuàng)）Beijingisholdingitsbigevent.Thetwosessions(兩會(huì))arehereonceagain.

ThetwosessionsaretheannualmeetingsoftheNationalPeople’sCongress(NPC,全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì))andtheNationalCommitteeoftheChinesePeople’sPoliticalConsultativeConference(中國(guó)人民政治協(xié)商會(huì)議全國(guó)委員會(huì)).Manybig1___________(decide)aboutourcountry,likemakingandchanginglaws,2_________(discuss)anddecidedduringthetwosessions.

Onehottopicatthisyear’smeetingsis“newproductiveforces”(新質(zhì)生產(chǎn)力).Itmeansusingmodernandbetterways3___________(help)thecountrygrow.Thisincludesusingnewtechnologyandideas.Forexample,Harbin’ssuccessin4____________(attract)touriststo5____________(it)icefestivalshowshowit’susingnewwaystogrowandbecomemore6____________(environmental)friendly.Thetermwasverypopularattheprovincial-level(省級(jí)的)twosessionsandmanydeputiesandmemberslookedatit7___________differentways.Forexample,inTianjinandChongqing,they8___________(talk)abouthowtomaketheseforces9_______________(happen)faster.HuangYongping,10._____________professorandNPCdeputyinShanghai,saidthatmaking“newproductiveforces”shouldusenewtechnologyinmanyways.Passage3（2024·深圳寶安區(qū)二模）ThetraditionalChineseLongtaitouFestival,orDragon-Head-RaisingFestival,fallsontheseconddayofthesecondlunarmontheveryyear.It____36____(recognize)thestartofspringandfarming.ThisyearitfallsonFebruary21.AncientpeoplebelievedthatafterthisdayDragonKinghasawakenedfromhiswintersleep.Awell-knownphrasegoes,“Eryueer,longtaitou”,meaning,“Thedragonliftshishead____37____theseconddayofthesecondmonth.”ThefestivalcelebratesancientChineseculture.Someofthetraditional____38____(way)tocelebrateitarenolongerexisted,butothersarestillkeptwell.Oneof____39____mostfamoustraditionsisgettingahaircut.Somebelievethatgoingtothebarberonthisdaygetsridof(擺脫)badluck,whileothersbelievethatgettingahaircutduringthefirstmonthofthelunarcalendarbringsbadluck.PeopleinFujianprovince____40____(keep)thetraditionofeatingtofuduringthefestivalforcenturies.Tofuandvegetableballs____41____(make)toprayforfamilyandbusiness.Theyhopetheirfamilycankeephealthyandtheycando____42____(good)intheirworkorbusinessthanbefore.FriedbeansarethetraditionalfestivalfareforpeopleinpartsofShandongprovince.PeopleinSuzhouwilleatchengyaocakes____43____aremadeofstickyrice.Itisatraditionduringthefestivalforthem.Andtheyevenhaveasaying,“Yourwaist(腰)won’thurtallyear____44____youeatachengyaocakeonLongtaitou.”Atthesametime,otherfoodsarenamedafterdragonbodyparts____45____(mark)theday.Noodlesaredragon'sbeard(longxu)anddumplingsaredragon’sears(longer).Passage4（2023·山東濱州）閱讀下面短文，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，必要時(shí)可加助動(dòng)詞成情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。Anidolissomeonewhowerespectorlove.However,unlikemanyofmyclassmates,myidolisnotafilmstar,afamouswriterorasportsman,myidolismydad.Mostpeoplebelievethataman____51____(go)outandwork.However,whenIwasonlyafive-year-oldboy,Iwas____52____(serious)illandneededattentionallthetime.Mydadknewhowmuchmymumlovedherjob,sohestopped____53____(work)tostayathomeandlookafterme.Manymeninthissituationwouldwanttheir____54____(wife)tostaywiththechild,butmydadalwaysthinksabout____55____(other)beforehimself.Thismademestarttorespecthim.Mydadlatertookajobandworkedatnight.HechosethejobsothathewouldonlybeoutofthehousewhenIwassleeping.Sincethen,mydad____56____(help)andsupportedmeineverythingIdo.IrememberwhenIwaslearningtorideabike,mydadranbehindmeandheldthebackofthebicyclesothatIwouldnotfall.I____57____(feel)sosafebecauseIknewhewasnear.Soon,Iwasabletorideby____58____(I).Myfamilyisnotrich,andwedonotownabighouseoranexpensivecar.Mydadhasshownmethatsomethingis____59____(important)thanmoney.Althoughhenowworkshardeverydayandisoftenverybusy,healwaysmakestime_____60_____(stay)withme.Hehelpsmewithmyhomework,andplaysgameswithmeonweekends.HehasalsotaughtmethatIcanachieveanythingifIreallyworkhardonit.Mydadismyidolbecauseheshowedmethemostimportantthingsinlife.Passage5（2023·長(zhǎng)沙期末統(tǒng)考）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Withtheearthfacingsomuchpollution,mostcountriesandregionsintheworldaretakingaction___36___(fight)againstpollution.Herearesomeofthemeasurestheyhavealreadytaken.NewEnergyVehicleFrancehasdecidedtostop___37___(sell)anycarthatusespetrol

(汽油)anddiesel(柴油)fuelby2040inordertoreduceairpollutionandsaveenergyaswell.Poorfamilies___38___arewillingtoreplaceolderandmorepollutingcarswith___39___(clean)oneswillreceivesomemoneyfromthegovernment.Norway,whichistheleaderintheuseofelectriccarsinEurope,___40___(want)tomovetoelectric-onlyvehiclesby2025,asdoestheNetherlands.GreatgreenwallAccordingtoastudybyNASA,ChinaandIndiaarethemainreasonsfor___41___(make)theEarthgreeneroverthepasttwentyyears.In1978,Chinabeganaprojectwhichisknownasthe“GreatGreenWall”.Sofar,theprogram___42___(plant)manytreesin13provincesandautonomousregionssuchasTibetandInnerMongoliainnorthernChina.BecauseofChina’ssuccessin___43___(deal)withdesertification(沙漠化),theUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram(UNEP)believesthecountryisagoodexampleforotherstofollow.Chinaisoneof___44___(successful)countriesingreeningthedesertandhaslessonstosharewiththeworld.BestrawfreeEveryday,Americansthrowaway500millionplasticstraws,enoughtocircletheEarthtwice,orfill125schoolbuses.BeStrawFreewasstartedinAmericain2011.Californiarecentlybecame____45____(one)state(州)tostopusingplasticstrawsinrestaurants.CorporationslikeStarbucks,Aramark,andAmericanAirlinesarealsomakinganefforttostopofferingplasticstraws.Passage6（2023·山東濟(jì)南）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。LastMarchIlostmycamerawhileIwasonaschooltrip.Ileftitonthebusonthewaybackto____41____(we)school.Icalledthebuscompanythenextday____42____(check)iftheycouldfindit,butitwasn’tthere.Myparentsgotreallyangryandtoldmetheycouldn’tbuymeanewone.I____43____(know)theywereright,soIdecidedIwouldgetonebymyself.Istartedthinkingofwaystomakeandsavemoney.Myparents____44____(usual)giveme￡8everyweek,sothefirstthingIdidwastokeepthemoney____45____thesmallboxonthebookcase.IalsoofferedtohelpmyuncleAlan.He’softenawayforwork,buthecan’t____46____(take)hisdogwithhim.Istartedtolookafterhisdogwhenhewasn’tathome.Aftersometime,myuncle’sneighborssawme.TheyaskedmeifIcouldhelpwiththeircats,dogsandrabbits,too.So,Istartedworkingforthree____47____(family)livingacrossthestreet.InlessthanthreemonthsIhadenoughmoneytobuyanewcamera.ItwasthesameastheoneIhadlost,buttomeitwasmuch____48____(nice).Ipaidforitwith____49____moneyImadeanditfeltverydifferent.ThisexperienceteachesmewhatitmeanstoworkhardandI____50____(learn)thatyoumustbecarefulwiththethingsyouhave,becausetheytakealotofhardwork.Passage7（2023·深圳中學(xué)校聯(lián)考一模）閱讀下面短文，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中所給詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。WeallheardthestoryofNvwapatchingup(修補(bǔ))theskywithmeltedcolouredstones.Manyyearspassedandtroublesbrokeoutagain.Oneofthem___21___(be)abigflood.ItappearedintheYellowRiverduringtheruleofEmperorYao,andthepeople___22___(force)togiveuptheirvillagesandgotoliveintreesormountains.Thefloodbroughtgreatdamagetothe___23___(people)life.EmperorYaofeltsorryforthesufferingofthepeople,soheaskedGuntosolvetheproblem.Receivingtheorder,Gunledhisteamtobuilddikes(堤壩)tokeepbackthewater___24___failed.ThenShun,thenextemperor,orderedGun’ssonYutocontinuewiththeworkafterGundied.Yuacceptedtheworkandfoundthatitwasmuch___25___(difficult)thanhehadthought.Buthefoughtagainstthegreatfloodbravely.Forthirteenyears,heput___26___(he)tohiswork.Hepassedhishousethreetimesbuthedidnotenterit.Drawingalessonfromhisfather’sfailure,heusedmethodsofchannelinganddredging(挖道和疏浚)andcontrolledthegreatflood___27___(success).Hedidsomuch___28___thepeoplethattheycalledhim“YutheGreat”andEmperorShunchosehimasthenextemperor.Yuwonthetrustofhisemperorandthepeoplewithhisgreateffort.Hewassuch___29___wise,strong-mindedandgreatpersonthatheisworth_____30_____(learn)from.Wewillrememberhimforever.Passage8（2023·廣東深圳·統(tǒng)考一模）閱讀下面短文，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中所給詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。InancientChina,whenfriendsorrelativeswereseparating,theywouldpickawillowtwig(柳條)andgiveittothepersonwhowasleaving.Thiswastoexpress____31____(they)wishforhimtostay.InChinese,thewordfor“willow”ispronouncedthesame____32____thewordfor“stay.”ManyChinesepoetslikedwritingaboutwillowsintheirworks.Oneof____33____(famous)poemsisAFarewellSong(《送元二使安西》)byWangWei.Itreads,Nodustisraisedontheroadwetwithmorningrain,Thewillowsbythehotellooksofreshandgreen.Iinviteyou____34____(drink)acupofwineagain,WestoftheSunnyPassnomore____35____(friend)willbeseen.Nowadays,willowtwigscanalsobeseeninmodernart.Therewasanamazingperformanceaboutwillowtwigs.365people____36____(hold)willowtwigsintheirhandsonthegreenstage.Atthesametime,____37____ancientpaintingofweepingwillows(垂柳)appearedontheLEDscreen.Thesettingof365peoplestoodfor365days,andthecolourgreenmeantthereturnofspring.Theperformance____38____(praise)highlybytheaudience.“Iwas____39____(deep)attractedbytraditionalChineseculture,”oneofthemsaid.Inshort,givingawillowtwigtoapersonisnotsayinggoodbye____40____askinghimtostay.ThisisthebeautyofChineseculture.Passage9（2023·廣東深圳·?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）閱讀下面短文，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。HaveyoueverseenthefilmForrestGump(《阿甘正傳》)?There’s____41____famoussayinginit,“Lifeislikeaboxofchocolates.Youneverknowwhatyou’regonnaget.”Thesurpriseispartofthefun.Itisnotonlyfromthechocolatesyoufindintheboxbutalsotheprocess(過(guò)程)of____42____(open)thebox.Nowblindboxtoyshavebecomeverypopularsincethey____43____(introduce)toChina.Blindboxtoysarehiddeninsidethesamepackaging(包裝).Sothebuyersdon’tknowwhatisintheboxesuntiltheyopen____44____(they).Themostpopulartoysintheblindboxesarecutecharacters____45____comefrompopmovies,comicsandcartoons.There____46____(be)afewspecialonesinmanycommonboxes.“Maybethenextoneisagoldtoy.Mywishis____47____(open)anotherbox!”saidonebuyer.Asaresult,peoplewillopenmoreblindboxesandhopeforabetterresult.Besidesexpectinggoodresults,peoplealsoenjoythesurpriseanduncertainmysteries.“Openingablindboxlikeopeningabirthdaygiftisanenjoyablesurpriseforoursimpledailylivessaida24-year-oldgirl.____48____Iopenthesesimplelittleboxes,Ifeeldisappointed(失望的)atone,butIfeel____49____(excite)atanother.”Afearoftheunknownisalwaysapartofthebox-openingprocess,and_____50_____(wait)fortheuncertaintyisanotherpartofthefun.Passage10閱讀下面短文，在空格處填一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或者使用括號(hào)中的詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡規(guī)定位置上。IfyouwereinXi’anonApril8,youmightfeellikeyouwerebackinancientChina.Thecatwalkshowsandtraditionalmusicconcerts____51____(hold)bypeoplewearingtraditionalChineseclothing.HanfufansfromoverChinagottogethertheretotakepicturesandpostthemonlineforaHanfuphotocompetition.Itwassopopular____52____everyonehadawonderfultime.ItisthefirstChineseHanfuDay,____53____lasteduntilMay8.ChinaHanfuDayisonthethirddayofthethirdmonthoftheChineselunarcalendar,andthisdayissaidtobethebirthdayoftheYellowEmperor.InancientChina,thisdaywasalsoknown____54____ShanghaiFestival.ItspurposeistoencourageyoungChinesetotake____55____(proud)intraditionalclothing,aswellasChineseculture.HanfuisthetraditionalclothingoftheHanpeoplewholivedinChinabeforetheQingDynasty.Ithasahistoryofabout3,000yearsandit____56____(change)greatlysofar.Butsomeofitsmaincharacteristic(特點(diǎn))remain.Forexample,themaincharacteristicofHanfuisthatitusuallyusesribbons(系帶)insteadofbuttons.Hanfubringsusbacktotheancientfashion.____57____wedon’tknowthenumberofpeoplewhowearHanfutoday,wecanfindHanfuclubsinalmosteverycity.Chinaisbecoming____58____leadingcountryintheworld,andtheChinesepublicfeels____59____(confident)aboutitstraditionalculturethaneverbefore.Wearingtraditionalclothingmightbeaninterestingwasofshowing____60____theyfeelaboutthis.Passage11（2023-24·長(zhǎng)沙期末）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Withtheearthfacingsomuchpollution,mostcountriesandregionsintheworldaretakingaction___36___(fight)againstpollution.Herearesomeofthemeasurestheyhavealreadytaken.NewEnergyVehicleFrancehasdecidedtostop___37___(sell)anycarthatusespetrol

(汽油)anddiesel(柴油)fuelby2040inordertoreduceairpollutionandsaveenergyaswell.Poorfamilies___38___arewillingtoreplaceolderandmorepollutingcarswith___39___(clean)oneswillreceivesomemoneyfromthegovernment.Norway,whichistheleaderintheuseofelectriccarsinEurope,___40___(want)tomovetoelectric-onlyvehiclesby2025,asdoestheNetherlands.GreatgreenwallAccordingtoastudybyNASA,ChinaandIndiaarethemainreasonsfor___41___(make)theEarthgreeneroverthepasttwentyyears.In1978,Chinabeganaprojectwhichisknownasthe“GreatGreenWall”.Sofar,theprogram___42___(plant)manytreesin13provincesandautonomousregionssuchasTibetandInnerMongoliainnorthernChina.BecauseofChina’ssuccessin___43___(deal)withdesertification(沙漠化),theUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram(UNEP)believesthecountryisagoodexampleforotherstofollow.Chinaisoneof___44___(successful)countriesingreeningthedesertandhaslessonstosharewiththeworld.BestrawfreeEveryday,Americansthrowaway500millionplasticstraws,enoughtocircletheEarthtwice,orfill125schoolbuses.BeStrawFreewasstartedinAmericain2011.Californiarecentlybecame____45____(one)state(州)tostopusingplasticstrawsinrestaurants.CorporationslikeStarbucks,Aramark,andAmericanAirlinesarealsomakinganefforttostopofferingplasticstraws.Passage12（原創(chuàng)）

Lifeisfulloffarewells(告別).That’sperhapswhythisthemehasbeenwrittenaboutbypoetsaroundtheworld.It’ssadtosaygoodbyetoourfriendsandfamilymembers.Insteadofsimplyexpressingsadness,manypoetsseefarewellsfromapositiveperspective(樂(lè)觀的視角).Let’ssee.

送元二使安西唐·王維渭城朝雨浥輕塵，客舍青青柳色新。勸君更盡一杯酒，西出陽(yáng)關(guān)無(wú)故人。AFarewellSongWangWeiNodustisraisedontheroadwetwithmorningrain;Thewillowsbythehotellooksofreshandgreen.Iinviteyoutodrinkacupofwineagain;Westofthesunnypassnomorefriendswillbeseen.(TranslatedbyXuYuanchong)

“AFarewellSong”isafamouspoembyWangWei,awell-knownpoetfromChina’sTangDynasty.Heisfamous____1____（介詞）hisdeepandtouching_____2______(describe)ofnatureandemotions.WangWeiwasnotjustapoet,butalsoanartistandagovernmentofficial.He_____3____(like)tomakehispoemspeacefulandmakereaders_____4____(think)aboutthemselves.Hispoemsoftenshowhowpeopleandnaturecanlivetogether______5____peacefully.Lookingatthestyleofwriting,thepoetusessimplelanguage____6____(關(guān)系代詞)isfilledwithemotion.Theline,“Nodustisraisedontheroadwetwithmorningrain,”createsapeacefulimageofaquietmorning,whichislikeapeacefulmomentbeforesomethingbighappens.“Thewillowsbythehotellooksofreshandgreen”,addstothepeacefulandhopefulfeelingby____7______(paint)apictureoffresh,newspring.Thewillowbranches(柳樹)_____8______(consider)asatypicalsymboloffarewellinChina.Inancienttimes,Chinesepeopleoftenusedthemasaparting(分別的)giftbetweenfriendsandfamily.“Iinviteyoutodrinkacupofwineagain”isthepoet’swarmandrealwayofnotwantingtosaygoodbyetohisfriend.Havinganotherdrinktogetherislikeasymbolof___9_______(they)goodbye.Lastly,"Westofthesunnypassnomorefriendswillbeseen”showsthefeelingofbeingaloneandmissingsomeone.Alsoshowshissincere(真誠(chéng)的)loveandcareforhisfriend.Ingeneral,thispoemcreatesafeelingofquiet____10______(sad).Itmixesbeautifulpicturesandhumanfeelingstodeeplyexpresstheuniversalexperienceofsayinggoodbye.Passage13（2023·山東濰坊）閱讀下面短文，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，必要時(shí)可加助動(dòng)詞?！癐suddenlyunderstood,”Valeriasaid,“whyMariowantedtobuythefarm.HeandPaganiwerebusy____26____(work)togetherduringthisperiod,I’msure.Theymusthaveburnedthefarmdown,Roberto.Theycouldhavekilledyou!”“Ican’tbelieveit,”Robertosaid.“Myownunclewouldn’tdothat.It’s____27____(possible).”“Butitmustbetrue,Roberto,”Valeriasaid.“It’stheonlyexplanation.”Intheevening,Inspector(警官)PavonetelephonedandaskedtospeaktoRoberto.“Sofaryouruncle____28____(tell)useverything.Heburnedyourfarmdowntomakeyou____29____(sell)it.Paganiknewthatlandpriceswouldgoupwhenabigcompanymovedtothetown.Thenheandyourunclemadeaproject____30____(build)shopsandhousesonyourlandsothattheycouldsellthemforaprofit.Theywouldhavebecometerriblywealthy!”Robertocouldnotspeak.Hisownunclehadliedtohimandalmostkilledhim.“YouruncleandPaganiarebothcriminals(罪犯),”theinspectorsaid.“Youruncleisafoolishandgreedyman.Hegothimselfintosome____31____(danger)business.Theymustpayfortheir____32____(act).”Robertoheldthetelephone____33____(quiet)witheyesfulloftears.Theinspectorwasright.MarioandPagani____34____(put)intoprisonsoon.Robertodidnotfeelhappy,sadorangryaboutthem.Hewastoo____35____(disappoint)tofeelanything.Somemonthspassed.Robertobegantothinkaboutthefuture.Passage14（2023·山東臨沂）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Itwasearlyspring,andtherewasalightfog(霧)overthetreesandfields.Iandtheotheryounghorses____26____(eat)atthelowerendofthefieldwhenweheardthecryofdogsfaraway.The___27___(old)amongusliftedhisheadtolisten.“Therearethedogs!”hesaid,andranawayatonce.Wefollowedhimtothetop___28___thefield.Mymotherandanotheroldhorsewerestandingnear.“Theyhavefoundahare(野兔),”saidmymother,“andiftheycomethisway,we___29___(see)thehunt(打獵).”Soonthedogswereallrunningdownthefieldnexttoours,makingaloud“yo-yo-yo”soundatthetopoftheirvoices.Afterthencamemenonhorsesasfastastheycould.Suddenly,thedogsbecame___30___(silence)andranaroundwiththeirnosestotheground.“They___31___(lose)thesmelloftheharealready,”saidtheoldhorse.“Perhapsshewillrunaway.”Butthedogsbegantheir“yo-yo-yo”againandcameatfullspeedtowardsourfield.Justthenahare,wildwithfear,rantowardsthetrees.Thedogsjumpedoverasmallriverandranacrossthefield.Sixoreighthuntsmen(獵人)jumpedtheirhorsesover___32___smallriver,closebehindthedogs.Beforetheharecouldgetaway,thedogswereuponherwithwildcries.Weheardaterriblecry,andthatwastheendofthehare.She___33___(pick)upbyoneofthemen.Shewascoveredinblood,butallthehuntsmenseemedpleased.Iwas___34___surprisedthatatfirstIdidn’tseewhatwashappeningbytheriver.LaterIsawasadsight(景象)—twohorsesweredownandtheriderswerehurt.Mymothersaid,“Ican’tunderstandwhymenlikethissportsomuch.Theyquiteoftenhurt___35___(they)andgoodhorses.”Passage15（2023·杭州一模）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。InSearchofGoodEnglishFoodHowcomeitissodifficulttofindEnglishfoodinEngland?InEngland,itis___36___(easy)tofindIndianandChineserestaurantsthanEnglishones.InLondon,youcaneatdishesalmostaroundtheworld,butwherearetheEnglishrestaurants?Itisnotonlyinrestaurantsthatforeigndishesaretakingtheplaceof___37___(tradition)Britishfood.Ineverysupermarket,spaghettiandpizzaaremorepopular.Whyhasthishappened?WhatiswrongwiththecooksofBritainthattheyprefercookingspaghettito___38___(potato)?WhydotheBritishnowlikecookinginwineandoliveoil?That’s___39___theycangetingredients(食材)fromallovertheworldinjustafewhours.Anyway,was’tEnglishfoodalwaysterribleandtasteless?Theanswertothisquestionis“No”,but___40___(understand)this,youhavetogobacktobeforeWorldWarI.___41___fact,theBritishhavealwaysimported(口)foodfromabroad.Fromancienttimes,foreigntradewas___42___maininfluenceonBritishcooking.Englishkitchensgotingredientsfromallovertheworld.Allofthem___43___(use)inBritishdishessuccessfully.AnotherimportantinfluenceonBritishcookingwas___44___(certain)theweather.FortheBritish,thegoodoldraingives___45___(they)richsoilandgreengrass.Thatmeanstheyareabletoproducesomeofthefinestmeat,fruitandvegetables,whichdon’tneedmanysauces(調(diào)料)tocovertheirtaste.Passage16（2023·杭州西湖一模）Forthousandsofyears,peopleusedanimalssuchashorsestogetfromoneplacetoanother.Then,atthebeginningof___36___20thcentury,theinventionofcars___37___(change)thewaywemovedaroundforever.Ittookonlyafewyearsforpeople___38___(make)themovefromanimalstocars,sothemovefrompetrol(汽油)carstodriverlesselectriccarswillbeeven___39___(fast).Traffic___40___(create)hugeenvironmentalproblems,socitiesandtownsaroundtheworldarelookingforsolutions(解決辦法).Scientistsh