湖南中考英語(yǔ)2022-2024真題匯編-教師版-07 語(yǔ)法填空

湖南中考英語(yǔ)2022-2024真題匯編-教師版-專題07語(yǔ)法填空2024湖南長(zhǎng)沙卷ChineseNewYearisagreatcelebration.It___26___(mark)theendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.Accordingtotradition,peopleliketogiveflowersandfruits___27___eachotherduringChineseNewYear,becausetheycarrymanyspecial___28___(meaning).Theyrepresent(象征)theearthcomingbacktolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings,Orchids(蘭花)comeinmanycolors,butmanypeoplelikepurpleandredonesforChineseNewYear.Theyarebelieved___29___(represent)loveandbeauty.Orchidssay,“Wishyoutobe___30___(luck),successfulandhappy.”Duringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisamust.Peonies(牡丹)arelikesoftcloudsinpink,redandwhite.Theyarebeautifulandcanbrightenupsomeone’sday.Redpeonies___31___(give)topeopletoshowloveandcare.Peoniessay,“Youarespecialtome.”Theyarealsoasymbolofwealthand___32___(rich).Kumquats(金橘),with___33___(they)goldencolor,ateasymbolofwealthandluck.TheChinesewordfor“kumquat”soundslike“goldorange”,whichconnectskumquatswithrichness.Thissmallfruittreeisoftenpresentedinpairs.Theapple,withitsbrightcolors___34___roundshape,representspeaceandharmony(和諧).Infact,thewordfor“apple”inChinesesoundslike“peace”.___35___(certain),applesmakegreatgifts.【答案】26.marks27.to28.meanings29.torepresent30.lucky31.aregiven32.richness33.their34.and35.Certainly【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹人們喜歡在春節(jié)期間互贈(zèng)鮮花和水果這一習(xí)俗及背后的意義。【26題詳解】句意：它標(biāo)志著冬天的結(jié)束和春天的開(kāi)始。時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是It，動(dòng)詞用三單，故填marks?！?7題詳解】句意：根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)，人們喜歡在春節(jié)期間互贈(zèng)鮮花和水果，因?yàn)樗鼈兂休d著許多特殊的含義。givesthtosb“給某人某物”，故填to?！?8題詳解】句意：根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)，人們喜歡在春節(jié)期間互贈(zèng)鮮花和水果，因?yàn)樗鼈兂休d著許多特殊的含義。many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填meanings?！?9題詳解】句意：人們認(rèn)為它們代表著愛(ài)和美。bebelievedtodosth“被相信做某事”，故填torepresent?！?0題詳解】句意：蘭花的意思是：“祝你幸運(yùn)、成功、快樂(lè)?！贝颂幵诰渲凶鞅碚Z(yǔ)，用其形容詞形式，故填lucky。31題詳解】句意：紅色的牡丹是用來(lái)表示愛(ài)和關(guān)心的。本句主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)bedone，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用are，故填aregiven。【32題詳解】句意：它們也是財(cái)富和富裕的象征。此處與wealth并列，用名詞形式，故填richness?！?3題詳解】句意：金黃色的金橘被認(rèn)為是財(cái)富和幸運(yùn)的象征。此處作定語(yǔ)修飾其后的名詞，用形容詞性物主代詞their，故填their?！?4題詳解】句意：蘋果顏色鮮艷，形狀圓潤(rùn)，象征著和平與和諧。前后構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，用and連接，故填and?！?5題詳解】句意：當(dāng)然，蘋果是很好的禮物。此處在句中修飾整個(gè)句子，用副詞Certainly放句首，故填Certainly。2024湖南省卷Iworkatamostpopularrestaurantinmyhometown.Iloveworkinghereasamemberofafantasticteam.Peopleherearevery46.(friend),andhard-working.IstartedbywashingdisheswhenIwasonly18.Iworkedhard,andsoonbecame47.waiter.Simon,whowasheadchef(主廚)then,begantoshow48.(I)howtocook.IloveditsomuchandI49.(go)tocollegetolearnmore.WhenSimonlefttherestaurant,Ibecameheadchef.Atthetimeallhefoodwastraditional.Thequality(品質(zhì))wasgood,butIwantedtodosomethingdifferent,soIdecided50(have)adifferentmenu.Nowweservefoodfromalloverthecountry.Therearemanymarketsandfoodshopshere.Ican5l(usual)findanyingredient(配料)Ineed.Iusealotofnaturalfood.Somepeoplethinkitisnotsodelicious,52.Idon'tagree.Well-preparednaturalfoodhasa53.(good)tastethanfastfood.Ourfoodishealthyandmostcustomersloveit.Weusethebestmeatandthefreshestvegetables.Attheweekendweplaymany54.(kind)ofmusic.There'salsoaspecialmenu55.childrenonSaturdaysandthat'swhenweservetraditionalfood.參考答案：(46)考查形容詞。句意:這里的人都很友好而且辛勤。根據(jù)空前are為be動(dòng)詞，可知空處使用形容詞。friend朋友，名詞:friendly友好的，形容詞。故填friendly。(47)考查不定冠詞。句意:弄我努力工作，很快就成為服務(wù)員。根據(jù)空后waiter(服務(wù)員)為名詞，空處表示泛指，使用不定冠詞。waiter以輔音音素開(kāi)頭，使用不定冠詞a。故填a。(48)考查人稱代詞賓格。句意:西蒙，那時(shí)是廚師長(zhǎng)，開(kāi)始教我如何做飯。根據(jù)空前teach(教)為動(dòng)詞，可知空處使用人稱代詞賓格。I我，人稱代詞主格;me我，人稱代詞賓格。故填me。（49）考察動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)。句意:我非常喜歡它，我去大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)更多。根據(jù)空前l(fā)oved使用了動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式，可知句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用過(guò)去式。go去，動(dòng)詞。過(guò)去式為went。故填went。(50)考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意:質(zhì)量很好，但我想做一些不同的東西，所以我決定有一個(gè)不同的菜單。根據(jù)decidetodosth(決定做某事)可知，空處使用動(dòng)詞不定式。have有，動(dòng)詞。不定式形式為tohave。故填tohave.(51)考查副詞。句意:我可以通常找到我需要的任何配料。根據(jù)空后find為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，可知空處使用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。usual通常的，形容詞;usually通常，副詞。故填usually。(52)考查連詞。句意:有些人認(rèn)為它不好吃，但我不同意。根據(jù)上文Somepeoplethinkitisnotsodelicious(有些人認(rèn)為它不好吃)及空后ldon'tagree:(我不贊同)可知，空處表示轉(zhuǎn)折。but但是，連詞。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故填but。(53)考查比較級(jí)。句意:精心準(zhǔn)備的天然食品比快餐有更好的味道。根據(jù)空后than(比)可知，空處使用比較級(jí)形式。good好的，比較極為better。故填better。(54)考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意:在周末我們演奏許多種音樂(lè)。根據(jù)空前many(許多)后面接名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，可知空處使用復(fù)數(shù)。kind種類，名詞。復(fù)數(shù)形式為kinds。故填kinds(55)考查介詞。句意:星期六我們還為孩子們提供特別菜單，那時(shí)我們供應(yīng)傳統(tǒng)食物。根據(jù)空前aspecialmenu(一個(gè)特殊菜單)及空后children(孩子)可知，星期六有為孩子們提供特別菜單。for為了，介詞。故填for。2023湖南懷化卷Manypeopleoftenleavetheirhometownstoworkinthecities.ZhangBin,___61___46-year-oldmanfromHuaihua,isonesuchperson.He___62___(work)inashoefactoryinWenzhou.He___63___(real)misseshishometown.Moreandmorehometownsaredeveloping___64___(fast)thanbefore.Largehospitalsandnewschoolsarebuilt.Therearemanynewroadsand___65___(bridge).Thishasmadetravelingbetweenvillages___66___citiesmucheasier.Thankstothenewroadsaroundhisvillage,ZhangBinwillnowbeable___67___(open)anonlineshopthatsellsdeliciousfoodfromhishometown.ZhangBinthinksthechanges___68___(be)greatinhishometown.Heisveryhappyaboutthenewschoolinhisvillage.___69___,hebelievesthatonethingwillneverchange—thelovelyoldtree.Thehometownistheplacethatholds___70___(he)bestmemories.參考答案：61.a62.works63.really64.faster65.bridges66.and67.toopen68.are69.However70.his【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要以張斌為例，講述了一些離開(kāi)家鄉(xiāng)去城市里工作的人發(fā)現(xiàn)家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了很大的變化?！?1題詳解】句意：來(lái)自懷化的46歲男子張斌就是這樣一個(gè)人。此處表示泛指，且46對(duì)應(yīng)的英文是forty-six，是以輔音音素開(kāi)頭的，故填a?！?2題詳解】句意：他在溫州的一家鞋廠工作。此句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)He是第三人稱單數(shù)形式，動(dòng)詞用三單，故填works?！?3題詳解】句意：他非常想念他的家鄉(xiāng)。此空修飾動(dòng)詞misses，應(yīng)填副詞really，故填really?！?4題詳解】句意：越來(lái)越多的家鄉(xiāng)比以前發(fā)展得快。根據(jù)than可知，此空應(yīng)填比較級(jí)，故填faster?！?5題詳解】句意：有許多新的道路和橋。此空與roads構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，所以此空應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填bridges?！?6題詳解】句意：這使得鄉(xiāng)村和城市之間的旅行更加容易。between…and“在……和……之間”，故填and?！?7題詳解】句意：由于村里修了新路，張斌現(xiàn)在可以開(kāi)網(wǎng)店賣家鄉(xiāng)的美食了。beabletodosth“能夠做某事”，故填toopen?！?8題詳解】句意：張斌認(rèn)為家鄉(xiāng)的變化很大。此句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)changes是復(fù)數(shù)形式，be動(dòng)詞用are，故填are。【69題詳解】句意：然而，他相信有一件事永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)改變——那棵可愛(ài)的老樹(shù)。“hebelievesthatonethingwillneverchange—thelovelyoldtree”與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，此空位于句首，且空格后有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，應(yīng)填副詞however“然而”，故填However。【70題詳解】句意：家鄉(xiāng)是擁有他最美好的回憶的地方。此空修飾名詞memories，應(yīng)填形容詞性物主代詞his，故填his。2023湖南衡陽(yáng)卷OurfamilyboughtanewsmartTVsetlastweek.Itis41.______(real)cool!Butwedidn’tknowwhatweshoulddo42.______theoldone.ThenI43.______(see)anadvertisement(廣告)forTech-Help.Tech-HelpdonatessmartTVsetstopeoplewhoneedthem.44.______far,Tech-Helphasdonated(捐贈(zèng))45.______(many)than2,000smartTVsetstodifferentfamiliesacrossthecountry.LastyeartheygavesmartTVsetstopoorfamilies.46.______isveryeasytodonatesmartTVsetstoTech-Help.Yesterday,mybrother47.______ItooktheoldsmartTVsettoalocalshop.Two48.______(hour)later,Tech-Helpcollecteditfromtheshop.TheywillcleanthesmartTVsetandmakeitbetter.Rightnow,Tech-HelpisgivingsmartTVsetstofamiliesinXinjiang.Thereareabout50familiesonthe49.______(wait)list.TheybelievetheywillgetthesmartTVsetssoon.I’m50.______(excite)wecoulddosomethingtohelpothers!參考答案：【答案】41.really42.with43.saw44.So45.more46.It47.and48.hours49.waiting50.excited【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了上周作者家買了一臺(tái)新電視，如何處理舊的就成了問(wèn)題，幸好看到了Tech-Help，在它的幫助下，作者和哥哥將舊電視捐贈(zèng)給了需要的人?！?l題詳解】句意:它真的很酷!cool是形容詞，所以應(yīng)用副詞really修飾，故填really。【42題詳解】句意:但我們不知道該怎么處理舊的。此處是固定短語(yǔ)dowith“處理”，故填with?！?3題詳解】句意:然后我看到了一則Tech-Help的廣告。see“看見(jiàn)”，動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)前句可知句子是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，故填saw?！?4題詳解】句意:到目前為止，Tech-Help已經(jīng)向全國(guó)各地的不同家庭捐贈(zèng)了2000多臺(tái)智能電視。根據(jù)"...far,Tech-Helphasdonated...”"可知本句是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，所以應(yīng)用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)sofar"到目前為止”，故填So。【45題詳解】句意:到目前為止，Tech-Help已經(jīng)向全國(guó)各地的不同家庭捐贈(zèng)了2000多臺(tái)智能電視。根據(jù)"than"可知應(yīng)用比較級(jí)more，故填more?！?6題詳解】句意:向Tech-Help捐贈(zèng)智能電視機(jī)非常容易。此處是動(dòng)詞不定式作真正的主語(yǔ)，it作形式主語(yǔ)，故填I(lǐng)t?！?7題詳解】句意:昨天，我和哥哥把那臺(tái)舊的智能電視帶到當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患疑痰?。根?jù)“mybrother.ltooktheoldsmartTVsettoalocalshop.”可知空處前后是并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)用and連接，故填and。【48題詳解】句意:兩小時(shí)后，Tech-Help從商店取走了它。hour“小時(shí)”，可數(shù)名詞，two后加名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填hours【49題詳解】句意:大約有50個(gè)家庭在等候名單上。wait是動(dòng)詞，此處應(yīng)用其ing形式作定語(yǔ)修飾list，故填waiting?！?0題詳解】句意:我很高興我們能做些事情來(lái)幫助別人!excite“激動(dòng)”，此處是作表語(yǔ),應(yīng)用形容詞,修飾人，應(yīng)用excited,故填excited。2023湖南郴州卷從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空、使短文完整、通順（每空一詞，每詞限用一次）。nonesilentstandwecouragequestionfastprotectbutwithoutOnceinaphysicsclass,theteacheraskedstudents,“Whydowehavebrakes(剎車)inourcars?”Soon,studentsgavedifferentanswers.Astudent____51____upandreplied,“Sir,tostopthecar.”Anotheronesaid,“Toreduceandcontrolthespeedofthecar.”However,____52____oftheanswerswasthesameastheteacher’s.Thenhesaid,“Allofyouranswersareright.Butinmyopinion,thebrakesinthecarmakeusabletodrivemuch____53____.”“Ifthecarhasnobrakes,howfastarewereadytodrive?Itisthebrakesinthecarthatgiveus____54____todrivefastandsafely.”Listeningtothis,thewholeclasswas____55____becausenoonehadimaginedthisanswer.Similarly,therearemanysuch“brakes”inourlife,whichseemtostopus.Forexample,ourparentsmayask____56____aboutprogressordecisionsinlife.Their____57____orsuggestionsmaybeconsideredas“brakes”whichstandinourway.Butwecanseethemasoursupporterswhichcan____58____uswhiletakingrisks.Sometimes,wehavetostoporevenstepback,sothatwecantakeabigstep.Infact,itisthe“brakes”inlifethathelpusalot.____59____these“brakes”,wecouldloseourdirectionorgetintodanger.Soweneedtounderstandthat“brakes”inourlifearenotmeanttopushusback____60____tomakeusmoveforwardmorequicklythanbefore.【答案】51.stood52.none53.faster54.courage55.silent56.us57.questions58.protect59.Without60.but【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要通過(guò)老師在物理課上講述剎車的作用來(lái)告訴學(xué)生一個(gè)哲理：把生活中你所認(rèn)為的阻礙看成讓我們積極向上奮斗的保障，他們的存在是為了讓我們更好地前進(jìn)?！?1題詳解】句意：一個(gè)學(xué)生站起來(lái)回答說(shuō)：“先生，停車?！备鶕?jù)“student...upandreplied”可知，站起來(lái)回答問(wèn)題，standup“起立”，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。故填stood?！?2題詳解】句意：然而，沒(méi)有一個(gè)答案與老師的相同。根據(jù)“However,...oftheanswerswasthesameastheteacher’s.”可知，沒(méi)有一個(gè)答案與老師的相同，none“沒(méi)有一個(gè)”符合語(yǔ)境，故填none。【53題詳解】句意：但在我看來(lái)，汽車?yán)锏膭x車使我們能夠開(kāi)得更快。根據(jù)“thebrakesinthecarmakeusabletodrivemuch...”可知，老師認(rèn)為汽車?yán)锏膭x車使我們能夠開(kāi)得更快，fast“快地”，much修飾比較級(jí)。故填faster?！?4題詳解】句意：正是剎車給了我們勇氣，讓我們安全地快速駕駛。根據(jù)“Itisthebrakesinthecarthatgiveus...todrivefastandsafely.”可知，剎車給了我們安全快速駕駛的勇氣，courage“勇氣”，在動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)。故填courage。【55題詳解】句意：聽(tīng)了這話，全班鴉雀無(wú)聲，因?yàn)檎l(shuí)也沒(méi)有想到這個(gè)答案。根據(jù)“thewholeclasswas...becausenoonehadimaginedthisanswer”可知，全班鴉雀無(wú)聲，silent“無(wú)聲的”，在句中作表語(yǔ)。故填silent?！?6題詳解】句意：例如，我們的父母可能會(huì)問(wèn)我們關(guān)于生活中的進(jìn)步或決定。根據(jù)“ourparentsmayask...aboutprogressordecisionsinlife”可知，父母問(wèn)我們關(guān)于生活中的進(jìn)步或決定，用賓格us在動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)。故填us?！?7題詳解】句意：他們的問(wèn)題或建議可能被視為擋在我們路上的“剎車”。根據(jù)“Their...orsuggestionsmaybeconsideredas‘brakes’whichstandinourway.”可知，父母的問(wèn)題或建議是我們生活中的“剎車”，question“問(wèn)題”，此處與“suggestions”并列，使用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填questions?！?8題詳解】句意：但我們可以把他們看作是我們的支持者，他們可以在我們冒險(xiǎn)的時(shí)候保護(hù)我們。根據(jù)“Butwecanseethemasoursupporterswhichcan...uswhiletakingrisks.”可知，他們可以在我們冒險(xiǎn)的時(shí)候保護(hù)我們，protect“保護(hù)”，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can后用動(dòng)詞原形。故填protect?！?9題詳解】句意：沒(méi)有這些“剎車”，我們可能會(huì)迷失方向或陷入危險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)“...these‘brakes’,wecouldloseourdirectionorgetintodanger.”可知，沒(méi)有“剎車”可能會(huì)失去方向或陷入危險(xiǎn)，without“沒(méi)有”符合語(yǔ)境，句首需大寫首字母。故填Without?！?0題詳解】句意：因此，我們需要明白，生活中的“剎車”不是為了讓我們倒退，而是為了讓我們比以前更快地前進(jìn)。分析“Soweneedtounderstandthat‘brakes’inourlifearenotmeanttopushusback...tomakeusmoveforwardmorequicklythanbefore.”可知，此處是not...but...結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“不是……而是……”，故填but。2023湖南永州卷36.At_________beginning,manypeopleinEuroperefusedtoeattomatoesbecausetheythoughtthefruitwasdangerous.【答案】the【詳解】句意:起初，許多歐洲人拒絕吃西紅柿，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為這種水果很危險(xiǎn)。此處是固定短語(yǔ)atthebeginning“起初”，故填the。37.ThePeople’sRepublicofChinawassetup_________1stOctober1949.PeoplehavecelebratedtheNationalDaysincethen.【答案】on【詳解】句意:中華人民共和國(guó)成立于1949年10月1日。從那時(shí)起，人們就開(kāi)始慶祝國(guó)慶節(jié)?？蘸蟆?1stOctober1949”是具體的某一天，用時(shí)間介詞on。故填on。38.I’vedecided_________（stay）awayfromfriedfoodandsoftdrinkssinceIhadmymedicalexam.【答案】tostay【詳解】句意:自從體檢后，我決定遠(yuǎn)離油炸食品和軟飲料。decidetodosth“決定做某事”，為固定短語(yǔ)，故填tostay。39.Lastweekmysister_________(fail)hercookingexambecausesheburntsomething.【答案】failed【詳解】句意:上周我妹妹烹飪考試不及格，因?yàn)樗褨|西燒焦了。根據(jù)"Lastweek"可知本句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞需用過(guò)去式。故填failed。40.DengYapingismyherobecauseshe’soneofthebesttabletennis_________(player)intheworld,andIloveplayingtabletennis.【答案】players【解析】【詳解】句意:鄧亞萍是我的英雄，因?yàn)樗鞘澜缟献詈玫钠古仪蜻\(yùn)動(dòng)員之一，我喜歡打乒乓球。oneofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)表示“……中最……之一”，固定結(jié)構(gòu)。故填players。41.Ajourneyofathousandli________（begin）withasinglestep.【答案】begins【詳解】句意:千里之行，始于足下。begin“開(kāi)始”，動(dòng)詞，此處是一個(gè)習(xí)語(yǔ)，句子用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)Ajourney是第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用三單形式。故填begins。42.Chinaplanstopaymoreattentiontoscientific________（educate）initsprimaryandmiddleschools.【答案】education【詳解】句意:中國(guó)計(jì)劃更加重視中小學(xué)的科學(xué)教育。educate“教育"”，動(dòng)詞。此處位于形容詞scientific后，應(yīng)用名詞education。故填education。43.ThreeChineseastronautsonboardtheShenzhou-15mannedspaceshipreturnedtoEarth_________（safe）onJune4,2023,completingtheirsix-monthspacestationtask.【答案】safely【詳解】句意:2023年6月4日，神舟15號(hào)載人飛船上的三名中國(guó)宇航員安全返回地球，完成了為期六個(gè)月的空間站任務(wù)。safe“安全的”，形容詞，此處是修飾動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)用副詞，故填safely。44.MyparentsandI_________（visit）YangmingshanMountainthiswinter.【答案】visited【詳解】句意:今年冬天，我和父母參觀了陽(yáng)明山。visit“參觀”，是動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)“thiswinter"可知?jiǎng)幼饕寻l(fā)生，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填visited。45.Studyhard________youwillsucceedintheend.【答案】and【詳解】句意:努力學(xué)習(xí)，你最終會(huì)成功的。分析題干可知，此處是“祈使句+andort陳述句""的結(jié)構(gòu)，前后遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用and，故填and。2023湖南岳陽(yáng)卷Volunteeringmeansthatsomeoneworkstohelppeoplewithoutbeingpaid.Volunteershelppeoplewhoreallyneedhelp.Therearemanyplaceswhereyoucanseedifferentvolunteers.Atschoolgates,youcanseesomevolunteerswithredvests(馬甲).Canyouguess____41____theyare?Theyareparentvolunteers.Whenstudentsgo____42____thestreet,parentvolunteers____43____upa“SLOW”signtoletdriversslowdown.Inordertobecomeprofessionaltrafficvolunteers,parentsaresupposedtolearnhowtogivedirectionstostudentsandstopthemfrom____44____soccerontheroad.____45____ofthesevolunteers,studentscangettoschoolandgobackhomesafely.YueyangDailyreportsmanyparentsarelooking____46____tobeingavolunteer.Theywishtomakeanefforttoprotectstudents’safety.Anothergroupof“redvests”showuponmainroads.Theyhelpcleanerspickupdirtypaper,plasticbags,glassbottlesandsoon.Theyaskthepassers-by(路人)nottothrowtherubbisheverywhere.“____47____youpleasetakeawayyourrubbish?”“Wouldyoumindpickingupyourcigarettebutts(煙頭)?...”____48____theirworkseemssimple,theystilltakeitseriously.Whereveryougo,youcanseevolunteersinredvests,theyhavebecomethemostbeautifulscenesinourcity.Someteenagers____49____theirfreetimeinhospitalsoroldpeople’shomes.Theycheersickkidsuporlookafteroldpeople.Inthecountryside,somecollegestudentsplayanimportantrole____50____volunteering.Theycanprovidescienceandtechnologyhelpforfarmers.Somevolunteersworkasteachersinvillageschools.Alotofvolunteersgivetheirkindnesswithahelpingband.Theycanmakeadifferencetopeopleinneedandthesociety.【答案】41.who42.across43.put44.playing45.Because46.forward47.Could48.Although##Though49.spend50.in【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹不同地方的不同志愿者?！?1題詳解】句意：你能猜到他們是誰(shuí)嗎？根據(jù)“Canyouguess...theyare?Theyareparentvolunteers.”可知，猜他們是誰(shuí)，用who引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，故填who。【42題詳解】句意：當(dāng)學(xué)生過(guò)馬路時(shí)，家長(zhǎng)志愿者會(huì)豎起一個(gè)“SLOW”的標(biāo)志，讓司機(jī)減速。根據(jù)“Whenstudentsgo...thestreet”可知，此處是goacrossthestreet短語(yǔ)，意為“過(guò)馬路”，故填across。【43題詳解】句意：當(dāng)學(xué)生過(guò)馬路時(shí)，家長(zhǎng)志愿者會(huì)豎起一個(gè)“SLOW”的標(biāo)志，讓司機(jī)減速。根據(jù)“parentvolunteers...upa‘SLOW’sign”可知，此處是putup短語(yǔ)，意為“舉起”，故填put?！?4題詳解】句意：為了成為專業(yè)的交通志愿者，父母應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)如何給學(xué)生指路，阻止他們?cè)诼飞咸咦闱颉８鶕?jù)“stopthemfrom...soccerontheroad”可知，此處是playsoccer短語(yǔ)，意為“踢足球”，from是介詞，其后加動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填playing?！?5題詳解】句意：因?yàn)橛辛诉@些志愿者，學(xué)生們可以安全地上學(xué)和回家。根據(jù)“...ofthesevolunteers,studentscangettoschoolandgobackhomesafely.”可知，因?yàn)橹驹刚?，學(xué)生們可以安全上下學(xué)，becauseof“因?yàn)椤狈险Z(yǔ)境，句首需大寫首字母。故填Because?！?6題詳解】句意：據(jù)《岳陽(yáng)日?qǐng)?bào)》報(bào)道，許多家長(zhǎng)都期待著成為一名志愿者。根據(jù)“YueyangDailyreportsmanyparentsarelooking...tobeingavolunteer.”可知，此處是lookforwardto短語(yǔ)，意為“期待”，故填forward?！?7題詳解】句意：請(qǐng)你把垃圾拿走好嗎？根據(jù)“...youpleasetakeawayyourrubbish?”可知，請(qǐng)對(duì)方把垃圾帶走，用could表示委婉語(yǔ)氣，句首需大寫首字母。故填Could。【48題詳解】句意：雖然他們的工作看起來(lái)很簡(jiǎn)單，但他們?nèi)匀徽J(rèn)真對(duì)待。分析“...theirworkseemssimple,theystilltakeitseriously.”可知，前后兩句構(gòu)成讓步關(guān)系，用although/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，句首需大寫首字母。故填A(yù)lthough/Though?！?9題詳解】句意：一些青少年在醫(yī)院或敬老院度過(guò)他們的空閑時(shí)間。根據(jù)“Someteenagers...theirfreetimeinhospitalsoroldpeople’shomes.”可知，此處指度過(guò)他們的空閑時(shí)間，spend“度過(guò)”，時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用原形。故填spend。【50題詳解】句意：在農(nóng)村，一些大學(xué)生在志愿服務(wù)中發(fā)揮著重要作用。根據(jù)“somecollegestudentsplayanimportantrole...volunteering”可知，此處playanimportantrolein短語(yǔ)，意為“在……中起重要作用”，故填in。2023湖南長(zhǎng)沙卷DoyouknowWorldLetterWritingDay?Itfalls____36____September1steveryyear.ItwassetupbyRichardSimpkinin2014.Heencouragedpeople____37____(take)abreakfromtoday’ssocialmedia(媒體)andwritealettertosomeonebyhand.Whoshouldyouwriteto?Thinkaboutafriendorrelativethatlivesfaraway.Aparentorbestfriendwouldalsolovetoreceive____38____(you)letter.Howdoyouwritealetter?____39____(general)speaking,aletterincludestheseparts.Thedateandagreeting(問(wèn)候語(yǔ))suchas“Dear…”shouldbeatthetopoftheletter.Aclosingsuchas“Love”or“Yourstruly”needstofollowthebody.Enditby____40____(sign)it.Whyshouldyoupickupapenandwritealetter?Itisasurprisethatmaymakesomeone’sday.It’s____41____goodwaytoshowpeoplethatyouhavebeenthinkingofthem.Everyonelovesapersonaltouch.Itmakes____42____(enjoy)memories(回憶).Somepeoplesave____43____(letter)andlookatthemovertheyears.Arecentstudyshowsthatletterwriting____44____(make)thewriterhappy,too.“HandwritingisyourDNA.It’syourfingerprintthatonlyyoucansharewithothers,”saidRichardSimpkin.So,getsomepaper____45____pickupapen.Startwritingalettertoday!【答案】36.on37.totake38.your39.Generally40.signing41.a42.enjoyable43letters44.makes45.and【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹世界寫信日，應(yīng)該寫信給誰(shuí)，應(yīng)該怎么寫信，寫信有什么意義等?！?6題詳解】句意：它是在每年的9月1日?！癝eptember1st”是具體的時(shí)間，用介詞on，故填on?！?7題詳解】句意：他鼓勵(lì)人們從今天的社交媒體中休息一下，手寫一封信給別人。encouragesbtodosth“鼓勵(lì)某人做某事”，故填totake。【38題詳解】句意：父母或最好的朋友也會(huì)很樂(lè)意收到你的信。此處在句中作定語(yǔ)修飾letter，用形容詞性物主代詞your。故填your?！?9題詳解】句意：一般來(lái)說(shuō)，一封信包括這些部分。generallyenerally“一般來(lái)說(shuō)”，句首需大寫首字母。故填Generally?！?0題詳解】句意：通過(guò)簽名來(lái)結(jié)束它。by是介詞，其后加動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填signing?！?1題詳解】句意：這是一個(gè)很好的方式來(lái)告訴人們你一直在想著他們。此處泛指一個(gè)方法，good首字母發(fā)輔音音素，故填a?！?2題詳解】句意：它帶來(lái)愉快的回憶。此處作定語(yǔ)修飾memories，用形容詞形式。故填enjoyable?！?3題詳解】句意：有些人把信件保存起來(lái)，多年來(lái)一直看。根據(jù)“them”可知，此處應(yīng)使用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填letters?！?4題詳解】句意：最近的一項(xiàng)研究表明，寫信也會(huì)讓寫信人感到快樂(lè)。本句時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是“l(fā)etterwriting”，動(dòng)詞用三單。故填makes?！?5題詳解】句意：所以，拿起紙和筆。分析“getsomepaper...pickupapen”可知，前后構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，用and連接。故填and。2023湖南常德卷第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面的材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式(1個(gè)或幾個(gè)單詞),使句子通順正確。36.—Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?—Iwanttobe________actor.【答案】an【詳解】句意：——你長(zhǎng)大后想做什么？——我想成一名演員。此處泛指一名演員，actor首字母發(fā)元音音素，故填an。37.—Howoftendoyouwatchthegameshow?—________(two)aweek.【答案】Twice【詳解】句意：——你多久看一次游戲節(jié)目？——一周兩次。twiceaweek“一周兩次”，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)頻率，句首需大寫首字母。故填Twice。38.—Look!Whataretheboysdoing?—They________(play)basketball.【答案】areplaying【詳解】句意：——看！男孩們?cè)谧鍪裁?？——他們?cè)诖蚧@球。根據(jù)“Look!Whataretheboysdoing?”可知，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用are。故填areplaying。39.—Whatdidyoudoinclassthismorning,Sally?—Wehada________(discuss),aboutChineseculture.【答案】discussion【詳解】句意：——今天早上你在課堂上做了什么，莎莉？——我們討論了中國(guó)文化。a修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，discussion“討論”符合語(yǔ)境，故填discussion。40.Thecarisold,butitstillrunsvery________(good).【答案】well【詳解】句意：這輛車很舊，但它仍然運(yùn)行得很好。good“好的”，形容詞。此處修飾動(dòng)詞runs，應(yīng)用其副詞形式well。故填well。41.—Whatareyouusuallydoing________aquartertoeightinthemorning?—Generally,Iamhavingmybreakfastathome.【答案】at【詳解】句意：——你通常在早上七點(diǎn)四十五做什么？——一般來(lái)說(shuō)，我在家吃早餐。aquartertoeight表具體時(shí)刻，其前應(yīng)加介詞at。故填at。42.TheYangtzeRiverisoneof________(long)riversintheworld.【答案】thelongest【詳解】句意：長(zhǎng)江是世界上最長(zhǎng)的河流之一。long“長(zhǎng)的”，形容詞。此處是句式：oneofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填thelongest。43.—DoyouknowthebookBetweenaRockandaHardPlace?—Yes,it________(write)byAronRalston.【答案】waswritten【詳解】句意：——你知道《生死兩難》這本書(shū)嗎？——知道，它是阿倫·羅斯頓寫的。本句主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用was。故填waswritten。44.—What’syourpredictionaboutthefuture?—Ithinkthere________(be)lesspollution.【答案】willbe【詳解】句意：——你對(duì)未來(lái)的預(yù)測(cè)是什么？——我認(rèn)為污染會(huì)減少。根據(jù)“What’syourpredictionaboutthefuture?”可知，時(shí)態(tài)是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，故填willbe。45.________it’snormaltowantsuccessfulchildren,it’sevenmoreimportanttohavehappychildren.【答案】Although/Though【詳解】句意：雖然想要成功的孩子很正常，但更重要的是想要快樂(lè)的孩子。結(jié)合句意，前半句表示“想要成功的孩子很正?！?，后半句表示“更重要的是想要快樂(lè)的孩子”，前后表示讓步關(guān)系，故填A(yù)lthough/Though。Oneevening,acleverman,Haojiawenttogetsomewater.Tohissurprise,____46____helookedintothewell,hefoundthemooninit.“Oh,mygod!Thebeautifulmoon____47____(drop)intothewell!”Hequicklyputhisbucket(水桶)intothewelltofishforthemoon.Aftersometime,Haojiawaspleased____48____(find)thatthemoonwasinthebucket.Hebegantopull.Hepulledsohardthattheropeonthebucket____49____(break)andhefellonhisback.Facingthesky,Haojiasawthemoonagainhighthere.“Aha,____50____finallycamebacktothesky!Whatagoodjob!”Hefeltveryhappyandtoldeveryoneaboutthewondermentproudly.【答案】46.when47.hasdropped48.tofind49.broke50.it【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一個(gè)“聰明人”用木桶撈井里的“月亮”的故事?！?6題詳解】句意：令他驚訝的是，當(dāng)他往井里看的時(shí)候，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了里面的月亮。根據(jù)“…h(huán)elookedintothewell,hefoundthemooninit”可知，當(dāng)他往井里看時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)井里的月亮，故用when“當(dāng)……時(shí)”引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。故填when?！?7題詳解】句意：美麗的月亮掉到井里了！drop“掉”，動(dòng)詞。分析句子可知，月亮已經(jīng)掉到井里了，所以他會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)月亮在井里，過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了影響，應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)moon是第三人稱單數(shù)，故用助動(dòng)詞has。故填hasdropped。【48題詳解】句意：過(guò)了一段時(shí)間，郝佳很高興地發(fā)現(xiàn)月亮在桶里。find“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，動(dòng)詞。bepleasedtodosth.“高興做某事”，故用動(dòng)詞不定式。故填tofind?！?9題詳解】句意：他用力拉得水桶上的繩子都斷了，他仰面摔倒了。break“打破，斷裂”，動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)“fell”可知，此處是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用其過(guò)去式。故填broke?！?0題詳解】句意：啊哈，它終于回到了天空！此處指井里的月亮又回到了空中，故用人稱代詞it指代moon。故填it2022湖南長(zhǎng)沙卷TheNetherlandsneedsthousandsofnewhousesbecausethecountry____36____(have)agrowingpopulation.Anyway,itmaynothavetobuildallthosehouses.Someof____37____(they)canbeprinted.____38____(recent),thegovernmenthasbeenworkingtogetherwithauniversityandsomebuildingcompanies(公司)tobuildhousesthatarefully3D-printed.Asvolunteers,anoldcouplehasbecomethefirstpeopleinEuropetomoveintosuch____39____house.Withtwo____40____(bedroom)andabiglivingroom,thehousewasbuiltlayer(層)bylayer,usingahuge3Dprinterandspecialcement(水泥).Afterbeingprintedout,thehouse____41____(carry)byatrucktothebuildingsite,andaroof(屋頂)andwindowswerelateradded.Ittookaround120hours____42____(finish)this3D-printedhouse.Usually,ittakesaboutoneortwoyearstobuildahouseinthe____43____(tradition)way.Thecouplewilllive____44____thishouseforsixmonths,withamonthlypayof800euros(歐元).Thecostseemsalittlebithigh,buttheythinkitismuchcheaper_____45_____livinginthehotel.參考答案：【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了荷蘭用3D打印機(jī)建造的一座房子。【36題詳解】句意：荷蘭需要數(shù)千棟新房子，因?yàn)樵搰?guó)人口不斷增長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)“TheNetherlandsneeds…”可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是“thecountry”，謂語(yǔ)have用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填has。【37題詳解】句意：其中一些可以打印。介詞“of”后用代詞賓格，someofthem“它們中的一些”。故填them?！?8題詳解】句意：最近，政府一直在與一所大學(xué)和一些建筑公司合作建造完全3D打印的房屋。逗號(hào)前用副詞修飾整個(gè)句子，recently“最近”，首字母大寫。故填Recently?！?9題詳解】句意：作為志愿者，一對(duì)老夫婦成為歐洲第一對(duì)搬進(jìn)這樣一所房子的人。“house”是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，前面需加冠詞，表示“這樣的一所房子”，且“house”以輔音音素開(kāi)頭，用suchahouse。故填a?！?0題詳解】句意：這座房子有兩間臥室和一個(gè)大客廳，是用一臺(tái)巨大的3D打印機(jī)和特殊的水泥一層一層地建造的。bedroom“臥室”，“two”修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填bedrooms?！?1題詳解】句意：房子被打印出來(lái)后，用卡車運(yùn)到了建筑工地，后來(lái)又加上了屋頂和窗戶。描述過(guò)去的事情用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，根據(jù)“byatruck”可知，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)was/were+done的結(jié)構(gòu)，主語(yǔ)是“thehouse”，be動(dòng)詞用was。故填wascarried。【42題詳解】句意：完成這座3D打印房子花了大約120個(gè)小時(shí)?！癐ttakes+時(shí)間段+todosth”，表示“做某事花費(fèi)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”，動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)。故填tofinish?！?3題詳解】句意：通常，用傳統(tǒng)的方式建造一所房子需要一到兩年的時(shí)間。tradition“傳統(tǒng)”，名詞，空處需用形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞“way”。故填traditional?！?4題詳解】句意：這對(duì)夫婦將在這所房子里住六個(gè)月，月付800歐元。live“住，生活”，不及物動(dòng)詞，livein…“住在……”。故填in?！?5題詳解】句意：費(fèi)用似乎有點(diǎn)高，但他們認(rèn)為這比住在酒店便宜得多。根據(jù)“itismuchcheaper…livinginthehotel”可知，住在這所房子比住酒店便宜，than“比”，前面用比較級(jí)。故填than。2022湖南岳陽(yáng)卷Howdoestheteaplantgrow?Thisterm,somestudentsgottheiranswersintheschool’srooftop(屋頂)garden.Manyschoolshavebuiltsmallgardensontheirteachingbuilding’srooftop.Somestudentsplantedteaplantsthere.Whiletaking___41___ofteaplants,theyalsodidexperimentstolearnmoreabouttea.Howto___42___eggsoupandsandwiches?Somestudentslearnedtocookinanafter-schoolcookingclub.Toparents’___43___,theirkidscouldcooksomesimpledishesinashorttime.Inthepast,Chinesechildrenweresometimesbusierafterschool___44___theyhadtotakesomanyafter-schoolclasses.Now,studentsjoinallkindsofclubs.Whydostudentshavefreetimeto___45___uptheirhobbies?BecauseChinahasintroducedthe“doublereduction”policy(雙減政策).Ithopestoease(減輕)students’learningburden(負(fù)擔(dān))___46___reducinghomeworkandafter-schoolclasses.Students’liveshavechangedalotsincethepolicywascarriedout.Ontheonehand,theirhomeworkisclearly___47___thanbefore,theyaren’tencouragedtobuyworkbooks(練習(xí)冊(cè))anymore.Teenagershavemorechancestogetknowledgefromthereallife.Thisisamuchbetterwaythanjusthittingthebooks.Ontheotherhand,studentsspendmoretime___48___after-schoolclubs.Theygetlotsoflifeskillsfromthesecolorfulclubsandhaveenoughtimetorelaxandthinkfor___49___.It’sbelieved___50___the“doublereduction”policymakesadifferencetostudents’lives.參考答案：【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了“雙減政策”之后，孩子們課外生活和學(xué)習(xí)生活的變化?！?1題詳解】句意：在照顧茶樹(shù)的同時(shí)，他們也做實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)了解更多關(guān)于茶的知識(shí)。根據(jù)“Somestudentsplantedteaplantsthere.”可知，照顧植物，takecareof“照顧”；故填care?！?2題詳解】句意：怎樣做雞蛋湯和三明治？根據(jù)“eggsoupandsandwiches”可知，制作雞蛋湯和三明治；結(jié)合Howtodo，需要?jiǎng)釉~原形；故填make。【43題詳解】句意：令父母驚訝的是，他們的孩子可以在短時(shí)間內(nèi)做一些簡(jiǎn)單的菜。根據(jù)“theirkidscouldcooksomesimpledishesinashorttime”可知，孩子們短時(shí)間內(nèi)學(xué)會(huì)了簡(jiǎn)單的菜，父母很驚訝，toone’ssurprise“令人驚訝的是”；故填surprise。【44題詳解】句意：在過(guò)去，中國(guó)的孩子放學(xué)后有時(shí)更忙，因?yàn)樗麄円獏⒓雍芏嗾n外班。根據(jù)“theyhadtotakesomanyafter-schoolclasses”可知，此句是前句的原因，because符合句意；故填because。【45題詳解】句意：為什么學(xué)生有空閑時(shí)間從事他們的愛(ài)好？takeup“從事（某一種興趣愛(ài)好）”，結(jié)合havetimetodo，需要?jiǎng)釉~原形；故填take?！?6題詳解】句意：它希望通過(guò)減少家庭作業(yè)和課外課程來(lái)減輕學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)擔(dān)。根據(jù)“reducinghomeworkandafter-schoolclasses”可知，通過(guò)減少家庭作業(yè)和課外班來(lái)減輕負(fù)擔(dān)，by“通過(guò)”符合句意；故填by?！?7題詳解】句意：一方面，他們的作業(yè)明顯比以前少了。根據(jù)“thanbefore”可知，作業(yè)比之前少，less“更少”符合句意；故填less。【48題詳解】句意：另一方面，學(xué)生花更多的時(shí)間參加課外俱樂(lè)部。根據(jù)“after-schoolclubs”可知，參加課外俱樂(lè)部，結(jié)合spendsthdoingsth，需要?jiǎng)用~，joining符合句意；故填joining。【49題詳解】句意：他們從這些豐富多彩的俱樂(lè)部獲得了很多生活技能，有足夠的時(shí)間放松和獨(dú)立思考。根據(jù)“haveenoughtimetorelaxandthink”可知，有時(shí)間獨(dú)立思考，主語(yǔ)是they，其反身代詞是themselves；故填themselves。【50題詳解】句意：據(jù)說(shuō)，“雙減”政策對(duì)學(xué)生的生活產(chǎn)生了影響。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，是主語(yǔ)從句，需要that作引導(dǎo)詞，故填that。2022湖南邵陽(yáng)卷Itisnormaltofeelabitnervousaboutexams,especiallyifyou’reu____41____pressurefromschoolorfamily.Examstresscancauseyoutofeelnervous.Itmightinfluenceyou.Herearesomethingsyoucandotoreduceyourexampressure.Firstly,letyourtrustedfriendsorfamilyknowifyouarehaving____42____hardtime.Theycansupportyou,encourageyouandofferalisteningear.Keepingitasecretwillonlymakethings____43____(bad),sodon’tbeafraidtoopenup.Secondly,tellyourteachersaboutyourworriesandaskforhelp.Theymayhavetalkedtolotsof____44____(學(xué)生)whoaregoingthroughsimilarthings.Sotheycangiveyousomehelpfuladvi