福建省2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期11月期中英語試題【含答案解析】

2024～2025學(xué)年高三11月測(cè)評(píng)(福建)英語全卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.請(qǐng)按題號(hào)順序在答題卡上各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.選擇題用2B鉛筆在答題卡上把所選答案的標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑;非選擇題用黑色簽字筆在答題卡上作答;字體工整，筆跡清楚。4.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將試卷和答題卡一并上交。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whenshouldtheplanetakeofforiginally?A.At10:50.B.At10:30.C.At10:20.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inamarket.B.Inastore.C.Inamuseum.3.Whatisthemandoing?A.Buyingacupofcoffee.B.Returningapairofgloves.C.Askingaboutalostproperty.4.Howdoesthemangettowork?A.Onfoot.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.5.What’stheweatherlikenow?A.Rainy.B.Windy.C.Cloudy.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Coworkers.C.Teacherandstudent.7.Whatdoesthewomanplantodonext?A.Createanewposter.B.Asktheteacher’sadvice.C.Changethethemeofthefestival.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whyisthemangoingtotheshow?A.Tosatisfyhisinterest.B.Tosupportafriend.C.Tobuyoriginalworks.9.Howmuchdoesthemostexpensiveworkcost?A.$1,000.B.$9,000.C.$90,000.聽第8段材料，回答第10至13題。10.WhatwasStevecrazyaboutbeforehewas8yearsold?APlayingtheguitar.B.Playingfootball.C.Listeningtorecords.11.WheredidSteve’sfatherwork?A.Atamusicstudio.B.Atafiredepartment.C.Ataschool.12.HowdidStevefeelwhenhehappenedtohearhisfather’srecords?A.Amazed.B.Confused.C.Depressed.13.WhathelpedStevetobeagreatguitarplayer?A.Hisfather’sencouragement.B.Thelessonshetookafterhegothisguitar.C.Therecordshelistenedtoinhischildhood.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatshouldthewomandowithconstantaches?A.Takearest.B.Continuerunning.C.Turntoadoctor.15.Whatkindofshoesshouldthewomanchoose?A.Softshoes.B.Durableshoes.C.Arch-supportingshoes.16.Whatshouldarunnerpayattentiontowhilerunning?A.Stretching.B.Sufficientwater.C.A5-minutecooldown.17.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Apatientaskingthedoctorforadvice.B.Asportsfaninterviewingasportsstar.C.Awomanconsultingarunningexpert.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Howcanacleanupeventbefound?A.Byjoiningawaste-tacklingcommunity.B.ByreferringtoamapontheInternet.C.Bysigninguptobevolunteeronline.19.Whatistobedonefirstwhenacleanupeventisorganised?A.Fixatimeandplace.B.Advertiseforhelpers.C.Gathersupplies.20.Whoshouldbecontactedifthelocationtothrowthewasteisnotclear?A.Organisersoftheevent.B.Experiencedvolunteers.C.Wastetreatmentdepartment.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AYoumightwanttospendyourtimeinhighschoolpursuingacademicprojects.Whilewehighlyrecommendthat,exploringinternship(實(shí)習(xí))opportunitiescanbeapowerfulwayforyoutodevelopreal-worldskills.Now,let’sdiveintoacomprehensivereviewofLadderinternships.WhatisLadderInternships?LadderInternshipsisaselectiveprogrammeforhighschoolstudentstoworkwithstartups.Aspartoftheirinternship,eachstudentwillworkonareal-worldprojectandpresenttheirworkattheendoftheirinternship.WhocanparticipateinLadderInternships?Theprogrammeisopentohighschoolstudents,undergraduatesandgapyearstudents!However,youmustmakesurethatyoucancommitfrom10-15hourseveryweekfor8weeks.WhatcanyouexpectasaLadderintern?Theprogrammestartswithyourplacementdecision.Ladderworkscloselywithcompaniestopre-determinebite-sizedprojectsthatareofgenuineusetothecompanies.Ifyouareinterestedinworkinginaspecificareaandconveyitintheapplicationform,chancesarethatyou’llgetpairedwithacompanythatreflectstheseinterests!Regularmeetingsanddiscussionaboutdeliverables:Throughoutthe8-weekinternship,youwillhavea45-minutemeetingwithyourinternmanagerweekly.Youwillalsodiscussweeklydeadlinesandprogressgoals.Consultyourcoachinthecompany,whowillgiveyoufeedbackonyourwork.AttheWeek4mark,youcanshowyourfirstdeliverabletothecompany,andatWeek8,youwillpresentyourfinalprojecttothecompany!Whatisthecostoftheprogramme?The8-weekprogrammecosts$1,990.Ifthecostisabarrier,youcanconsiderapplyingforfinancialaid.1.What’stheminimumtimeforaninterntoinvestintheprogramme?A.8hours. B.15hours. C.80hours. D.120hours.2.Whatwillaninterndointheprogramme?A.Workonlinewithprojectmanagers. B.Turntothecoachforguidance.C.Discusstheprogresswithteammates. D.SubmitthefinalworkresultatWeek4.3.Whoisthetextintendedfor?A.Managershiringnewworkers. B.Schoolsinpursuitofcooperation.CStudentseagerforhands-onskills. D.Gap-yearstudentslookingforjobs.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了適合高中生的“階梯實(shí)習(xí)”項(xiàng)目?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhocanparticipateinLadderInternships?部分“However,youmustmakesurethatyoucancommitfrom10-15hourseveryweekfor8weeks.(但是，你必須確保你可以在8周內(nèi)每周投入10-15個(gè)小時(shí)。)”可知，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目每周至少需要投入10個(gè)小時(shí)，八周至少需要80個(gè)小時(shí)。故選C項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhatcanyouexpectasaLadderintern?部分“Consultyourcoachinthecompany,whowillgiveyoufeedbackonyourwork.(咨詢你公司的教練，他會(huì)給你工作上的反饋)”可知，實(shí)習(xí)生要向教練尋求指導(dǎo)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Youmightwanttospendyourtimeinhighschoolpursuingacademicprojects.Whilewehighlyrecommendthat,exploringinternshipopportunitiescanbeapowerfulwayforyoutodevelopreal-worldskills.(你可能希望在高中期間花時(shí)間追求學(xué)術(shù)項(xiàng)目。雖然我們強(qiáng)烈推薦這樣做，但探索實(shí)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)也可以成為你發(fā)展實(shí)際技能的強(qiáng)大方式。)”可知，本文的目標(biāo)讀者為渴望實(shí)踐技能的學(xué)生。故選C項(xiàng)。BThissummer,Imarkedwhatsomecalla“milestonebirthday”.Myapproachtobirthdaysisusuallytwofold:feartheminadvanceandbeartheminthemoment.Butthisyear,Idecidedtoconfrontmybirthdaydirectlyinsteadoftoleratingitawkwardly.Ratherthanwaittoreceivecardsandgifts,whynotcelebratemybirthdaybygivingpresentstoothers?Maybeturningtraditionupsidedownwouldassuagemydiscomfort.Sciencewasonmyside.Studieshavefoundthatspendingmoneyonothersmakesushappierthanspendingmoneyonourselves.“Weobservethisallovertheworld,eveninplaceswherepeoplearestrugglingtomeettheirownbasicneeds.Charitablecontributionsactivatetherewardcentresofourbrainthatsparkfordelightssuchasmusicandfood,”ElizabethDunn,aUniversityofBritishColumbiapsychologyprofessortoldme.Armedwiththesestudies,Ibeganplanningmyexperiment.Thegifthadtobesmallenoughtomailinanenvelopeandmeaningfulenoughtotouchhearts.Idecidedonpencils.Ilocatedavendor(商販)inCentralCaliforniawhocouldcustomizepencils.Iorderedtheminpinktohonourmylastname.AndIengraved(雕刻)themwiththreemessagesaboutpencilsthatdoubleasmessagesaboutlife:Staysharp.Gettothepoint.Erasingiscreating.Withmywife,Iturnedourkitchentableintoafulfillmentcentre.Weprintedlabels,slidthreepencilsintoasleeveandeachsleeveintoanenvelope.Then,intwowalkstoourneighbourhoodpostoffice,wesent98giftsouttotheworld.Afewdayslater,Igottextsandemailsfromthepencilrecipients(收件者).Iheardfromaboutthree-fourthsofthemthattheylikethegift.Severalpeoplesentphotosoftheirnewpinkpencilsalongwiththanksorbirthdaywishes.AfewtoldmehowtouchedtheywerethatIthoughtofthem.Onepersontextedfireandheartemojis.Thisexercisedeepenedmysenseofgratitudeandconnection.Forafewmoments,IforgotIwasturningokay,I’llsaythenumbernow,60.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“assuage”inParagraph1mean?A.Ease. B.Cause. C.Hide. D.Express.5.WhatcanwelearnfromElizabethDunn’swordsinParagraph2?A.Peopleworldwideobservebirthdays. B.Givingofferspeoplemorepleasure.C.Materialwealthgeneratescharity. D.Peopleinneedaremorelikelytodonate.6.Whydidtheauthortailorthepencilspink?A.Toentertainchildren. B.Tomakethemstriking.C.Tohighlightthemessagesonthem. D.Tobearamarkofhimself.7.What’sParagraph5mainlyabout?A.Howthepencilswerepackedandsent. B.Howtheauthor’sbirthdaywascelebrated.C.Howpeoplerespondedtotheauthor’sgift. D.Howtheauthorreflectedontheexperience.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者在過60歲生日時(shí)，決定打破傳統(tǒng)，不等親朋給自己送禮物，而是主動(dòng)給他們送禮物，這讓作者得到了滿足，收獲了感恩?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Myapproachtobirthdaysisusuallytwofold:feartheminadvanceandbeartheminthemoment.Butthisyear,Idecidedtoconfrontmybirthdaydirectlyinsteadoftoleratingitawkwardly.(我對(duì)生日的態(tài)度通常是雙重的：提前害怕它們，在當(dāng)下忍受它們。但今年，我決定直面我的生日，而不是尷尬地忍受它。)”可知，作者對(duì)過生日一直感覺不自在，而今年他決定不再尷尬地忍受生日，由此可推測(cè)出，“Maybeturningtraditionupsidedownwouldassuagemydiscomfort.”表達(dá)的是顛覆傳統(tǒng)或許能夠緩解不自在，assuage意為“緩解”，與ease意思一致。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Studieshavefoundthatspendingmoneyonothersmakesushappierthanspendingmoneyonourselves.“Weobservethisallovertheworld,eveninplaceswherepeoplearestrugglingtomeettheirownbasicneeds.Charitablecontributionsactivatetherewardcentresofourbrainthatsparkfordelightssuchasmusicandfood,”ElizabethDunn,aUniversityofBritishColumbiapsychologyprofessortoldme.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，為別人花錢比為自己花錢更讓我們快樂。不列顛哥倫比亞大學(xué)心理學(xué)教授ElizabethDunn告訴我：“我們?cè)谑澜绺鞯囟加^察到了這一現(xiàn)象，即使是在人們努力滿足自己基本需求的地方。慈善捐獻(xiàn)激活了我們大腦的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)中心，這個(gè)中心激發(fā)人們對(duì)音樂和食物等快樂的渴望?！?”可知，研究表明為他人花錢比為自己花錢更令人快樂，接著引用了ElizabethDunn的觀點(diǎn)來證明這一點(diǎn)，由此可推測(cè)出，給予能夠給人們帶來更多快樂。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Iorderedtheminpinktohonourmylastname.(為了紀(jì)念我的姓氏，我訂了粉紅色的。)”可知，作者訂購粉色鉛筆是為了紀(jì)念自己的姓氏，由此可推測(cè)出，作者想要留下自己的印記。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“Afewdayslater,Igottextsandemailsfromthepencilrecipients(收件者).Iheardfromaboutthree-fourthsofthemthattheylikethegift.Severalpeoplesentphotosoftheirnewpinkpencilsalongwiththanksorbirthdaywishes.AfewtoldmehowtouchedtheywerethatIthoughtofthem.Onepersontextedfireandheartemojis.(幾天后，我收到了鉛筆收件人的短信和電子郵件。我從他們中大約四分之三的人那里收到來信說他們喜歡這份禮物。有幾個(gè)人寄來了他們新粉色鉛筆的照片，并附上了感謝或生日祝福。有幾個(gè)人告訴我，他們對(duì)我能想到他們有多感動(dòng)。一個(gè)人發(fā)了火和心的表情符號(hào)。)”可知，本段主要講述了收到禮物的人給作者的反饋。故選C。CBritain’sonlyremainingcoalpowerplantwillgenerateelectricityforthelasttimetoday,afteroperatingfor57years.ThepowerstationatRatcliffeinNottinghamshirewillcometotheendofitslifeinlinewiththegovernment’spolicytophaseoutcoalpower,whichwasfirstsignalledalmostadecadeago.TheclosuremarkstheendofBritain’s142-yearhistoryofcoalpoweruse,whichbeganwhentheworld’sfirstcoal-firedpowerstation,theHolbornViaductincentralLondon,begangeneratingelectricityin1882.TheclosurehasbeenregardedasabigmilestoneinreducingtheUK’scarbonemissions.TheUKbecamethefirstcountrytosetanend-dateforcoalpowerfrom2025afterputtinginplaceincreasinglystrictregulationstoreducetherunninghoursofcoalplants.MinisterscalledforthedeadlinetocomeforwardbyayearshortlybeforetheUKhostedtheUN’sCop26climatetalksinGlasgowinlate2021.PeterO’Grady,theplantmanager,said,“Thiswholeyearhasbeenaseriesofsadmoments.I’msuretherewillbeafewtearsasthewholethingstopsandaspeopleleave,especiallyforme.”Theplantonceemployed3,000engineersbutitsworkforcehasdeclinedinlinewithitspoweroutputoverrecentyears.Coalpowermadeup80%oftheUK’selectricityintheearly1980s,and40%in2014,whichwasduetocostlycarbontaxesandtheriseofcheaprenewables.Staffwerefirsttoldin2021thattheplantwouldcloseinlate2022,butRatcliffe’sowner,theGermanenergycompanyUniper,reachedanagreementwiththegovernmenttokeeptheplantrunningduringtheEurope-widegascrisis.Uniperhastriedtohelpengineersintojobsatthecompany’sotherpowerplantsorintotrainingthatcouldleadtoworkinotherareasoftheenergyindustry.MichaelLewis,Uniper’schiefexecutive,said,“Thiswillbethefirsttimesince1882thatcoalhasnotpoweredGreatBritain.We’reembracing(擁抱)thefutureofcleanerandflexibleenergy.”8.WhyisthecoalpowerplantintheUKputtoanend?A.Torespondtothecallofthegovernment.B.Toturnaroundthesituationoflosingmoney.C.Tofollowthetrendstartedbyothercountries.D.Tostimulateotherindustriestocutcarbonemissions.9.HowdoesPeterO’Gradyfeelabouttheclosureofthecoalpowerplant?A.Scared. B.Upset. C.Surprised. D.Pleased.10.WhatmighthavecausedthedecreaseduseofcoalpowerintheUKtenyearsago?A.Thedeclineofworkforce. B.Thereductionofcoaltax.C.Thedevelopmentofnewenergies. D.Theconservationofnon-renewableresources.11.WhatwillhappentotheengineersofthecoalpowerplantintheUK?A.Theywillbedismissed. B.Theymayworkinotherindustries.C.Theywillgoabroadinsearchofjobs. D.Theymayreceiveconsideratearrangements.【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了英國最后一家燃煤電廠在運(yùn)營57年后最后一次發(fā)電，并介紹了此舉的背景、意義以及對(duì)電廠員工的影響?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ThepowerstationatRatcliffeinNottinghamshirewillcometotheendofitslifeinlinewiththegovernment’spolicytophaseoutcoalpower,whichwasfirstsignalledalmostadecadeago.(諾丁漢郡拉特克利夫發(fā)電站將根據(jù)其政府逐步淘汰煤電的政策而終止運(yùn)營，這一政策幾乎在十年前就已首次提出)”可知，英國的燃煤電廠被終止是為了響應(yīng)政府的號(hào)召。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“PeterO’Grady,theplantmanager,said,‘Thiswholeyearhasbeenaseriesofsadmoments.I’msuretherewillbeafewtearsasthewholethingstopsandaspeopleleave,especiallyforme.’(工廠經(jīng)理彼得·奧格雷迪說：‘這一整年都是一系列悲傷的時(shí)刻。我相信當(dāng)這一切停止，人們離開時(shí)，尤其是對(duì)我而言，一定會(huì)流淚。’)”可知，PeterO’Grady對(duì)于燃煤電廠的關(guān)閉感到難過。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中“Coalpowermadeup80%oftheUK’selectricityintheearly1980s,and40%in2014,whichwasduetocostlycarbontaxesandtheriseofcheaprenewables.(20世紀(jì)80年代初，煤電占英國電力的80%，而2014年占40%，這是由于昂貴的碳稅和廉價(jià)可再生能源的興起)”可知，十年前英國煤電使用量減少可能是由于新能源的發(fā)展。故選C項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Uniperhastriedtohelpengineersintojobsatthecompany’sotherpowerplantsorintotrainingthatcouldleadtoworkinotherareasoftheenergyindustry.(尤尼珀公司試圖幫助工程師進(jìn)入該公司其他電廠工作崗位，或接受培訓(xùn)，以便在能源行業(yè)的其他領(lǐng)域工作)”可知，英國的燃煤電廠的工程師們可能會(huì)得到周到的安排。故選D項(xiàng)。DHearingasongmightbringtomindthelasttimewesawalivebandperformit.Wemayrememberhearingthesongonaroadtripwithhighschoolfriends,andbebroughtbacktothesights,smells,andfeelingsofthatexperience.Alloftheseexperienceshavebeenreferredtoas“music-evoked(引起)thoughts”,andrecentresearchhassoughttounderstandwhycertainthoughtsoccurinresponsetocertainmusic.Inonestudy,myworkmatesandIcomparedthoughtsevokedbyinstrumentalexcerpts(節(jié)選)ofunfamiliarclassical,electronic,andpop／rockmusic.Overall,listenersreportedthoughts76percentofthetime.However,theoccurrenceofthoughtsvariedacrossmusictypes.Classicalandelectronicmusicevokedmorethoughtsthanpop/rockmusic.Thisdoesn’tnecessarilymeanpop/rockmusictypesareunengaging.Rather,typeslikeclassicalandelectronicmusicmightprovidegreatervisualmentalimagery,whereaspop/rockmusicmightinvitelistenerstoengageindifferentways,likedancingorsingingalong.Wealsofoundlinksrelatedtothecontextswithwhichweassociatemusic.Electronicmusictendedtoevokethoughtsaboutclubbingandvideogames,pop/rockmusicevokedthoughtsaboutliveperformancesanddriving,andclassicalmusicthoughtsaboutmoviesandweddings.Classicalmusicledlistenerstogreatcapabilitytoimaginefictionalstories,asitwasoftencomposedspecificallywiththeaimofevokinganimaginedstory.Thesecontextualassociationsmayvaryacrossdifferentcultures.ArecentstudyrevealedthatfictionalstoriesreportedwhileenjoyingclassicalmusicwerehighlysimilarintwogroupsofyoungadultsintheUS,butthestoriesgeneratedbylistenersinGermanyinresponsetothesesameexcerptsweresignificantlydifferent.Thissuggeststhatevenwhenaskedtogenerateentirelyfictionalstories,listenersareinfluencedbytheirpriorassociationswithmusic.Thisspeakstogeneraltheoriesthatourmemoriesplayasubstantialroleinshapingimagination.Understandinghowdifferentmusicevokesdifferentthoughtsisimportantforvariouspracticaluses.Forinstance,adoctormightaimtotrigger(觸發(fā))specifictypesofthoughtsviamusicwhenworkingwithaclient,oranartistmightengageamorecreativethinkingmodebylisteningtoaparticularpieceofmusic.12.Whatcanwelearnabout“music-evokedthoughts”fromParagraph2?A.Theyvarywithdifferenttypesofmusic. B.Theyarefewoccurrencesinmusiclistening.C.Theyinvolvepeopleindancingtothemusic. D.Theystrikepeopleduringengagingmusicplay.13.Whatisuniqueaboutclassicalmusic?A.Itwasassociatedwithclubbing. B.Itprovidedlistenerswithrealcontexts.C.Itwasintendedtostimulateimagination. D.Itwasplayedmoreslowlythanothermusictypes.14.Whatgreatlyinfluencedlisteners’imagination?A.Thedevelopmentleveloftheircountry. B.Thepreviousmusic-relatedexperiences.C.Theeducationtheyreceivedwhileyoung. D.Thetypesofstorytheywereaskedtocreate.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhereDoesOurMemoryComefrom?B.DoMusicImaginingsVarywithCultures?C.DoesListeningtoMusicHelpStoryCreation?D.HowDoesDifferentMusicShapeOurImaginedThoughts?【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要解釋和探討音樂如何引發(fā)人們的不同思緒，提供了關(guān)于音樂與思緒之間關(guān)系的深入理解?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Inonestudy,myworkmatesandIcomparedthoughtsevokedbyinstrumentalexcerpts(節(jié)選)ofunfamiliarclassical，electronic,andpop／rockmusic.Overall,listenersreportedthoughts76percentofthetime.However,theoccurrenceofthoughtsvariedacrossmusictypes.Classicalandelectronicmusicevokedmorethoughtsthanpop/rockmusic.Thisdoesn’tnecessarilymeanpop/rockmusictypesareunengaging.Rather,typeslikeclassicalandelectronicmusicmightprovidegreatervisualmentalimagery,whereaspop/rockmusicmightinvitelistenerstoengageindifferentways,likedancingorsingingalong.(在一項(xiàng)研究中，我和我的同事們比較了不熟悉的古典、電子和流行/搖滾樂器節(jié)選所引發(fā)的思緒?？傮w而言，76%的時(shí)間里聽眾都會(huì)報(bào)告有思緒產(chǎn)生。然而，思緒的產(chǎn)生在不同類型的音樂中有所不同。古典和電子音樂比流行/搖滾音樂更能引發(fā)思緒。這并不一定意味著流行/搖滾音樂類型不吸引人。相反，像古典和電子音樂這樣的類型可能提供了更豐富的視覺心理意象，而流行/搖滾音樂可能會(huì)以不同的方式吸引聽眾參與，比如跳舞或跟唱。)”可知，第二段講述了不同類型的音樂會(huì)引發(fā)不同的思緒，即它們隨著不同類型的音樂而變化。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Classicalmusicledlistenerstogreatcapabilitytoimaginefictionalstories,asitwasoftencomposedspecificallywiththeaimofevokinganimaginedstory.(古典音樂讓聽眾有極大的能力去想象虛構(gòu)的故事，因?yàn)樗ǔＪ菫榱艘l(fā)想象中的故事而專門創(chuàng)作的。)”可知，古典音樂的獨(dú)特之處在于它的目的是激發(fā)聽眾的想象力。故選C。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Thissuggeststhatevenwhenaskedtogenerateentirelyfictionalstories,listenersareinfluencedbytheirpriorassociationswithmusic.Thisspeakstogeneraltheoriesthatourmemoriesplayasubstantialroleinshapingimagination.(這表明，即使被要求創(chuàng)作完全虛構(gòu)的故事，聽眾也會(huì)受到他們之前與音樂的聯(lián)系的影響。這印證了普遍的觀點(diǎn)，即我們的記憶在塑造想象力方面起著重要作用。)”可知，聽眾之前的音樂相關(guān)經(jīng)歷極大地影響了他們的想象力。故選B。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段“Hearingasongmightbringtomindthelasttimewesawalivebandperformit.Wemayrememberhearingthesongonaroadtripwithhighschoolfriends,andbebroughtbacktothesights,smells,andfeelingsofthatexperience.Alloftheseexperienceshavebeenreferredtoas“music-evoked(引起)thoughts”,andrecentresearchhassoughttounderstandwhycertainthoughtsoccurinresponsetocertainmusic.(聽到一首歌可能會(huì)讓我們想起上次看到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)樂隊(duì)演奏它的情景。我們可能會(huì)回想起在高中朋友一起的公路旅行中聽到這首歌的那一刻，以及當(dāng)時(shí)所見的景象、所聞的氣味和所感受的情感。所有這些經(jīng)歷都被稱為“音樂引發(fā)的思緒”，而最近的研究試圖理解為什么某些音樂會(huì)引發(fā)特定的思緒。)”，提出最近的研究試圖理解為什么某些音樂會(huì)引發(fā)特定的思緒；接著文章詳細(xì)描述了不同類型音樂對(duì)聽眾想象力的影響，以及音樂與聽眾想象力之間的關(guān)系；最后一段提到“Understandinghowdifferentmusicevokesdifferentthoughtsisimportantforvariouspracticaluses(理解不同的音樂如何喚起不同的想法對(duì)于各種實(shí)際應(yīng)用都很重要。)”。由此可知，文章主要講述的是不同的音樂是如何塑造我們的想象思維的。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。You’retryingtoconcentrate,butyourmindiswanderingoryou’reeasilydistracted(分心).Likeacomputerthatslowswithuse,thebrainaccumulates(積累)wearandtearthataffectsprocessing.___16___Toimproveattention,considerthefollowingstrategies.Practisemindfulness.“Mindfulnessisaboutfocusingattentiononthepresentmoment,andpractisingmindfulnesshasbeenshowntorewirethebrainsothatattentionisstronger,”saysKimWillment,aneuropsychologist(神經(jīng)心理學(xué)家)withBrighamandWomen’sHospital.Sherecommendssittingstillforafewminuteseachday,closingyoureyesandregulatingyourbreathing.___17___Takecognitivetraining.Computerizedcognitivetraininggamesareaimedatimprovingyourresponseandattention.___18___“Thegoalofplayingthesegamesisnottogetbetteratthem,buttogetbetterindailyactivities,”Willmentsays.“Butthereisevidencethataperson’sabilitytopayattentioncanbeimprovedbyprogressivelypushingthepersontohigherlevelsofperformanceandthismaytranslatetoeverydaylife.”Keepahealthylifestyle.Manyaspectsofahealthylifestylecanhelpattention,startingwithsleepandexercise.Whenwesleep,wereducestresshormonesthatcanbeharmfultothebrainandweclearoutproteinsthatinjureit.___19___Whenyouexercise,youincreasetheavailabilityofbrainchemicalsthatpromotenewbrainconnections,reducestress,andimprovesleep.Try150minutesperweekofaerobic(有氧的)exercise,suchasbriskwalking.___20___“Readsomethingfor30minutes,settingatimertogooffeveryfiveminutes.Whenitgoesoff,askyourselfifyourmindhaswandered.Ifso,justrefocusonwhatyou’rereading,”shesays.Bydoingthis,youstrengthenthemonitoringprocessandtheabilitytomaintainfocusonasingletask.A.Readpatiently.B.Performasingle-taskexercise.C.Evidencethatthisworkshasbeenmixed.D.Somedrugscanslowourabilitytothinkclearly.E.Soaimforseventoeighthoursofsleepeachnight.F.Byfocusingonyourself,yougetyourattentionback.G.Thiscanbecausedbystressorssuchassleepdisordersandoverloadedinformation.【答案】16.G17.F18.C19.E20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些提高注意力的方法。【16題詳解】上文“You’retryingtoconcentrate,butyourmindiswanderingoryou’reeasilydistracted(分心).Likeacomputerthatslowswithuse,thebrainaccumulates(積累)wearandtearthataffectsprocessing.(你試圖集中注意力，但你的思緒在徘徊，或者你很容易分心。就像一臺(tái)隨著使用而變慢的電腦一樣，大腦會(huì)積累磨損，影響處理速度)”描述了注意力不集中的現(xiàn)象，并指出大腦像電腦一樣會(huì)隨著使用而“變慢”。G選項(xiàng)“Thiscanbecausedbystressorssuchassleepdisordersandoverloadedinformation.(這可能是由于壓力因素造成的，如睡眠障礙和信息過載)”解釋了上文注意力不集中的原因，即由于各種壓力因素導(dǎo)致，上下文語意連貫。故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Sherecommendssittingstillforafewminuteseachday,closingyoureyesandregulatingyourbreathing.(她建議每天靜坐幾分鐘，閉上眼睛，調(diào)節(jié)呼吸)”介紹了通過靜坐、閉眼和調(diào)節(jié)呼吸來練習(xí)正念的方法。F選項(xiàng)“Byfocusingonyourself,yougetyourattentionback.(通過專注于自己，你重新獲得了注意力)”說明了這樣做的好處，即能夠幫助你重新獲得注意力，上下文語意連貫，且“focusingonyourself”與上文“sittingstillforafewminutes,closingyoureyesandregulatingyourbreathing”相呼應(yīng)。故選F項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】上文“Takecognitivetraining.Computerizedcognitivetraininggamesareaimedatimprovingyourresponseandattention.(進(jìn)行認(rèn)知訓(xùn)練。計(jì)算機(jī)化的認(rèn)知訓(xùn)練游戲旨在提高你的反應(yīng)能力和注意力)”介紹了通過計(jì)算機(jī)化的認(rèn)知訓(xùn)練游戲來提高反應(yīng)和注意力。C選項(xiàng)“Evidencethatthisworkshasbeenmixed.(證明這一做法行之有效的證據(jù)參差不齊)”對(duì)此方法的效果進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)，指出并非所有研究都表明其有效，與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，引出了下文對(duì)于該方法實(shí)際效果的討論。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文“Whenwesleep,wereducestresshormonesthatcanbeharmfultothebrainandweclearoutproteinsthatinjureit.(當(dāng)我們睡覺時(shí)，我們會(huì)減少可能對(duì)大腦有害的壓力激素，并清除傷害大腦的蛋白質(zhì))”介紹了睡眠對(duì)大腦的好處。E選項(xiàng)“Soaimforseventoeighthoursofsleepeachnight.(所以每晚要睡七到八個(gè)小時(shí))”承接上文，給出了具體的睡眠時(shí)長建議，與上文語意連貫，且“seventoeighthoursofsleep”與上文“sleep”相呼應(yīng)。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】下文“Readsomethingfor30minutes,settingatimertogooffeveryfiveminutes.Whenitgoesoff,askyourselfifyourmindhaswandered.Ifso,justrefocusonwhatyou’rereading,(讀30分鐘的東西，每五分鐘設(shè)一次鬧鐘。當(dāng)鬧鐘響起時(shí)，問問自己你的思緒是否已經(jīng)飄走了。如果是，重新專注于你正在讀的內(nèi)容)”和“Bydoingthis,youstrengthenthemonitoringprocessandtheabilitytomaintainfocusonasingletask.(通過這樣做，你加強(qiáng)了監(jiān)控過程和專注于單一任務(wù)的能力)”介紹了一種通過定時(shí)閱讀并檢查注意力是否集中的單任務(wù)練習(xí)方法。B選項(xiàng)“Performasingle-taskexercise.(進(jìn)行單任務(wù)練習(xí))”概括了下文內(nèi)容，且句中“asingle-task”與下文中的“asingletask”相呼應(yīng)。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ASouthCarolinafathermadeadangerous30-milejourneyonfootthroughHurricaneHelene-ravaged(肆虐)Tennessee.He___21___hislifetoensurehecouldwalkhisdaughterdowntheaisleatherwedding.Onhis5.5-hourover-nightjourney,mostofwhichwasintotal___22___,DavidJonesstruggledovermountainsofflooddebris(碎片)andevengot___23___inthemuduptohisknees,losinga___24___.Miraculously,hegottothechurchontime.He___25___plannedtodrivefromhishomeinSouthCarolinatoJohnsonCity,Tenn.,aroughlytwo-hourrideundernormalconditions.ButMotherNaturehadother___26___,andaftersevenhoursontheroad,hewas___27___byapolicemanthatInter-state26andanyroutebackwere___28___duetosevereflooding.Unshaken,Jones,aformermarathonrunner___29___himselftowalktherestoftheway,withhisphone’s___30___ashisonlysourceoflight.“Itjust...it’sawful,”Jonessaid.“AndIcantellyoualotaboutthemudandthedebrisfieldswhereIhaveto___31___6,7-foot-tallpilesofdebrisofoldfencesandhugetreesanditwasjusthorriblewithmyshoemissing.”Inadesperateattempttoremain___32___tocarsonceclearofthefloodzone,Jonesgrabbedareflectivestick,whichhelater___33___tohisdaughter,Elizabeth,andhernewhusband,Daniel,tohonourhispains-takingroutetothewedding.ElizabethMarquezsaidshehadnoideawhatherfatherhad___34___untilaftertheceremony.“That’ssoemotionally___35___toexperiencethatmydadlovesmethatmuch,”shesaid.21.A.risked B.ended C.shortened D.spared22.A.preparation B.swing C.darkness D.anticipation23.A.delayed B.stuck C.lost D.changed24.A.glove B.gift C.wallet D.shoe25.A.initially B.intentionally C.carefully D.eagerly26.A.ways B.surprises C.plans D.powers27.A.charged B.questioned C.greeted D.informed28.A.crowded B.impassable C.deserted D.winding29.A.treated B.quieted C.tricked D.steeled30.A.flash B.battery C.charger D.case31.A.clear B.climb C.sort D.pick32.A.unaffected B.patient C.visible D.calm33.A.awarded B.credited C.donated D.gifted34.A.gonethrough B.leftbehind C.workedon D.foundout35.A.disturbing B.interesting C.moving D.rewarding【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.A26.C27.D28.B29.D30.A31.B32.C33.D34.