2024-2025學年新教材高中英語單元加餐練1UNIT1TEENAGELIFE含解析新人教版必修第一冊

單元加餐練Ⅰ.閱讀理解CharlesDarwinlivedanunusuallyquietlife.In1842,DarwinandhiswifeEmmamovedfromLondontoKentinsouthernEnglandtohaveaslittledisturbance(煩擾)aspossible.Theyalreadyhadtwochildrenthen,andwouldgoontohaveeightmoreinthecountry.Darwin,hadveryregularhabits.Heroseearlyandwentforawalk.Afterbreakfastheworkedinhisstudyuntil9：30am,hismostproductivetimeoftheday,andthenreadhisletterslyingonthesofabeforereturningtowork.Atmiddayhewouldgoforanotherwalkwithhisdog,stoppingathisgreenhousetocheckhisexperiments.Thenhewouldgoforanotherwalkaroundanareaofwoodland.Whilewalkingonhis“thinkingpath”，Darwinwouldconsiderhisunsolvedscientificproblems.Afterlunchhereadthenewspaperandwroteletters.Hisnetworkoffriendsprovidedinformationfromallcornersoftheworld.TheDarwinswerenotverystrictparentsandthechildrenwerealwaysseenrunningwild.Theirfatherworkedpatientlywithabackgroundofhappyshoutsandlittlefootstepswalkingpasthisstudydoor.AfterdinnerDarwinplayedbackgammon(agamefortwopeopletoplay)withhiswife.Heoncewrote,“Nowtheresultwithmywifeinbackgammonstandslikethis:she...haswononly2,490games,whileIhavewon,hurrah(acheerofjoyorvictory),hurrah,2,795games！”Althoughhehadpoorhealth,Darwincontinuedtopublishalotofcreativeworksuntilhisfinalbookin1881.Hediedthefollowingyear,aged73.Ratherthanaquietspaceinthelocalchurchyard,whichhecalled“thesweetestplaceonEarth”，Darwinwasgivenastatefuneral(國葬)inLondon'sWestminsterAbbey.本文是一篇記敘文。文章描寫了英國聞名科學家達爾文安靜的個人生活。1．WhydidtheDarwinsmovetoKent?A．Todomoreexperiments.B．Tocuttheircostofliving.C．Toenjoymorepeacefulness. D．Tobetogetherwiththeirchildren.答案：C解析：推理推斷題。由第一段中的movedfromLondontoKentinsouthernEnglandtohaveaslittledisturbance(煩擾)aspossible可知，達爾文夫婦搬家是為了免受外界的打攪，以享受更多的安靜。故選C。2．WhatdidDarwindoeveryday?A．Hestudiedintheforest.B．Hestartedtoworkat9：30am.C．Hewrotelettersinthemorning.D．Heexaminedhisexperiments.答案：D解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的Atmiddayhewouldgoforanotherwalkwithhisdog,stoppingathisgreenhousetocheckhisexperiments可知，達爾文每天會去查看試驗的進展狀況。故選D。3．WhatdidDarwin'schildrenprobablythinkofhim?A．Strict.B．Kind.C．Cold.D．Brave.答案：B解析：推理推斷題。由第五段中的TheDarwinswerenotverystrictparents可推知，在孩子們眼里，父親達爾文應當很溫柔。故選B。4．Whatisthistextmainlyabout?A．Darwin'sscientificachievements.B．Darwin'sunusualstatefuneral.C．Darwin'spersonallife. D．Darwin'slargefamily.答案：C解析：主旨大意題。首段第一句即文章主旨句CharlesDarwinlivedanunusuallyquietlife。本文描寫了英國聞名科學家達爾文安靜的個人生活。故選C。Ⅱ.七選五Howtoimproveyourperseverance(毅力)Ifyou'refamiliarwiththestoryofthehareandthetortoise,youknowthatthetortoiseprovedthatperseveranceismuchmoreimportantthanspeed.__1__，butfewerpeoplehavethepatienceandperseveranceofthetortoise.Herearesometipsthatcanhelpyoutoimproveyourperseverance.●Setgoals(確定目標)andwritethemdown.Ifyoudon'tknowwhatyouwanttoaccomplish(完成),it'shardtopersevereuntilyoudo.__2__，insteadofmakingmanyprojects(項目)thatmayupsetyou.●__3__，andcrosseachstepoffthelistasyoucompleteit.IfyouwanttomastertheabilitytocookGermandishes,you'llneedtoreadcookbooks,studytherecipes(食譜),buyingredients(食料)andpracticemakingthedishes.Writedownallthesestepsandremoveeachstepasyougo.●Makealistoftherewards(回報)relatedtoanyprojecttoencourageyourselftopersevere.Whenyouwanttolose40pounds,itmayseemlikeadifficultgoal.__4__.Youcanloweryourbloodsugarorfitintoyourfavoritepairofjeans.Keepthoserewardsinmindtoencourageyourselftosticktoyourdietandexerciseprogram.●Imagineyoursuccess.Taketimeeachdaytositback,relaxandpicturethelifeyou'llleadonceyou'vereachedyourgoal.__5__.Readthemoverseveraltimesadaytoencourageyourselftokeepgoing.A．Likethehare,manypeoplestartoffstrongB．AndyoushouldfocusoneverystepcarefullyC．Youcan'tloseweightonlybygoingonadietD．MakealistofthestepsneededtoreachyourgoalE．ButtherearebigrewardsfordoingsoF．ChooseoneortwogoalsthataremostimportanttoyouandworktowardthoseG．Oryoucanwriteoutaparagraphortwoabouthowreachingyourgoalwillchangeyourlife本文是一篇說明文。文章從龜兔賽跑談到堅持的重要性。給出如何提高毅力的方法。1．A解析：依據(jù)下文“butfewerpeoplehavethepatienceandperseveranceofthetortoise”，可知許多人像兔子一樣動身的時候都很強，故選A。2．F解析：依據(jù)上句“Ifyoudon'tknowwhatyouwanttoaccomplish,it'shardtopersevereuntilyoudo”，可知要選擇一兩個對你來說重要的目標，故選F。3．D解析：依據(jù)本段中的“crosseachstepoffthelistasyoucompleteit”，可知本處應為“列出你要達到目標的步驟”。故選D。4．E解析：依據(jù)下句“Youcanloweryourbloodsugarorfitintoyourfavoritepairofjeans”，可知“這么做有很大的回報”符合語境。故選E。5．G解析：依據(jù)下句“Readthemoverseveraltimesadaytoencourageyourselftokeepgoing”，可知“或者你可以寫下一兩段關于達到目標會怎么變更你的生活”符合語境。故選G。Ⅲ.完形填空Reggiecouldn'thearathing.Hewasa__1__boy,buthehadbeenborndeaf.Hewaswell-knowntoeveryoneintown,andtheywereall__2__him.Unfortunately,though,he__3__seemedtoendupbeingtreateddifferentlyfromeveryoneelse.Childrenworriedtheywould__4__him,andthatmaybebecausehewouldn'theartheballbeinghitinhis__5__.Adultsactedlikehewasunableto__6__them,asthoughhewassomekindofbaby.HisfriendMichaeldidn'tlikethis.Hedecidedthatthingshadtobe__7__.Michael'sfatherwasthetown'smayor(鎮(zhèn)長),andMichael__8__toconvincehimthatthisyear,inhonorofReggie,theyshouldofferonedayofthe__9__todeafpeople.Duringthatwholedayeveryonewouldhavetowearearplugs(耳塞)．Peoplelikedthe__10__.ThedaybecameknownasTheDayofSilence,andwhenitarrived,everyonestuckplugsintheir__11__，inaspiritofgreatfun.Thatmorningwasfilledwith__12__andlaughter.But,asthehourspassed,peoplebecamemoreandmoreawareofhow__13__lifewaswhentheycouldn'thearanything.OnthatdaynobodywasthinkingofReggieasjusta__14__person.Thismeanthecouldbe__15__justlikeanyotherboy,andpeoplesawawholenewsideof__16__.Notonlythat,butReggiehadabrightandsharpmind.Onthatday,usinghisusual__17__，Reggiewastheonewhocouldcommunicatebestwitheveryone.Thismeantthatpeoplepaidmoreattentiontowhathewassaying,andtheywere__18__byhisintelligenceandhisabilitytofindsolutionstoalmostanyproblem.They__19__thathehadalwaysbeenlikethat,andthatinnormallifeallReggieneededwasalittlemoretimethanothersto__20__.Thatwastheonlydifference.這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了人們?yōu)榱藥椭粋€失聰?shù)男∧泻⒍O立了一個特別節(jié)日的故事。1．A.healthy B．poorC．normal D．brave答案：C解析：考查形容詞辨析。A.healthy健康的；B.poor貧困的；C.normal正常的；D.brave英勇的。句意：他是一個正常的男孩，但是他天生就失聰。這里表示雷吉在其他方面與其他孩子一樣正常，只不過天生就失聰。故C選項切題。2．A.closeto B．fondofC．strictwith D．thankfulfor答案：B解析：考查形容詞短語辨析。A.closeto接近；B.fondof喜愛；C.strictwith對……嚴格；D.thankfulfor感謝。句意：城里的人都知道他，他們都很喜愛他。由下文“人們同意為雷吉設立一個節(jié)日”可知人們都喜愛雷吉。所以befondof“喜愛”符合句意。故B選項切題。3．A.seldom B．neverC．sometimes D．a(chǎn)lways答案：D解析：考查副詞辨析。A.seldom很少；B.never決不；C.sometimes有時；D.always始終。句意：然而，不幸的是，他總是被別人區(qū)分對待。由上文可知雷吉耳朵聽不見，故此處指的是人們總是有區(qū)分地對待他。所以always符合句意。故D選項切題。4．A.hurt B．cheatC．punish D．shock答案：A解析：考查動詞辨析。A.hurt損害；B.cheat欺瞞；C.punish懲處；D.shock使震驚。句意：孩子們擔憂他們會損害到他，或許是因為他聽不到朝他擊來的球的聲音。故A選項切題。5．A.home B．directionC．classroom D．car答案：B解析：考查名詞辨析。A.home家；B.direction方向；C.classroom教室；D.car汽車。句意：孩子們擔憂他們會損害到他，或許是因為他聽不到朝他擊來的球的聲音。inone'sdirection朝向某人，符合句意。故B選項切題。6．A.understand B．encourageC．protect D．support答案：A解析：考查動詞辨析。A.understand明白；B.encourage激勵；C.protect愛護；D.support支持。句意：大人們覺得雷吉不能明白他們的意思，似乎他是某種嬰兒。因為雷吉聽不見，所以大人們覺得與他溝通不是很順暢，導致大人們覺得雷吉不能明白他們的意思。故A選項切題。7．A.worked B．changedC．a(chǎn)cted D．prepared答案：B解析：考查動詞辨析。A.worked工作；B.changed變更；C.acted行動；D.prepared打算。句意：他確定必需變更這種狀況。由前文可知人們總是區(qū)分地對待雷吉，所以邁克爾確定變更這種對雷吉不利的狀況。故B選項切題。8．A.managed B．preparedC．helped D．learned答案：A解析：考查動詞辨析。A.managed管理；B.prepared打算；C.helped幫助；D.learned學習。句意：邁克爾的父親是該鎮(zhèn)的鎮(zhèn)長，邁克爾設法勸服他，今年應當為雷吉設立一天作為節(jié)日。此處指的是邁克爾設法勸服了他的父親。managetodosth.“設法做成某事”符合句意。故A選項切題。9．A.journey B．termC．week D．festival答案：D解析：考查名詞辨析。A.journey旅程；B.term學期；C.week周；D.festival節(jié)日。句意：邁克爾的父親是該鎮(zhèn)的鎮(zhèn)長，邁克爾設法勸服他，今年應當為雷吉設立一天作為節(jié)日。把這天設立為節(jié)日是希望人們能夠仔細對待這一天，并提示人們更好地了解失聰?shù)娜?。故D選項切題。10．A.excuse B．courseC．idea D．game答案：C解析：考查名詞辨析。A.excuse借口；B.course課程；C.idea辦法；D.game嬉戲。句意：人們贊同這個想法。由上文可知，鎮(zhèn)長確定為雷吉設立一天作為節(jié)日。所以人們贊同這個想法。故C選項切題。11．A.clothes B．handsC．rooms D．ears答案：D解析：考查名詞辨析。A.clothes衣服；B.hands手；C.rooms房間；D.ears耳朵。句意：這一天被稱為“緘默日”，當它到來時，每個人都帶著極大的樂趣把耳塞塞進耳朵里。由上文中的“Duringthatwholedayeveryonewouldhavetowearearplugs(耳塞).”可知，此處指的是在耳朵里面塞上耳塞。故D選項切題。12．A.victories B．mealsC．jokes D．lessons答案：C解析：考查名詞辨析。A.victories成功；B.meals飯菜；C.jokes笑話；D.lessons課。句意：那天早晨充溢了玩笑和笑聲。由下文“l(fā)aughter”可知那天早晨充溢了玩笑和笑聲。故C選項切題。13．A.difficult B．dangerousC．short D．useless答案：A解析：考查形容詞辨析。A.difficult困難的；B.dangerous危急的；C.short短的；D.useless無用的。句意：但是，隨著時間的消逝，人們越來越意識到當他們什么也聽不見的時候生活是多么的艱難。由下文“whentheycouldn'thearanything”可知，他們什么也聽不見。所以他們感覺到生活很困難。故A選項切題。14．A.stupid B．deafC．rude D．negative答案：B解析：考查形容詞辨析。A.stupid愚蠢的；B.deaf聾的；C.rude粗魯?shù)?；D.negative消極的。句意：那天，沒有人認為雷吉是一個失聰?shù)娜恕Ｓ缮衔拿枋隹芍准莻€聽不見的人。故B選項切題。15．A.treated B．taughtC．comforted D．fed答案：A解析：考查動詞辨析。A.treated對待；B.taught教；Cforted勸慰；D.fed喂養(yǎng)。句意：這意味著他可以像其他男孩一樣被對待，人們看到了他全新的一面。故A選項切題。16．A.themselves B．himC．itself D．them答案：B解析：考查代詞辨析。A.themselves他們自己；B.him他；C.itself它自己；D.them他們。句意：這意味著他可以像其他男孩一樣被對待，人們看到了他全新的一面。這里指雷吉全新的一面，所以介詞of后接him。故B選項切題。17．A.words B．telephonesC．tools D．gestures答案：D解析：考查名詞辨析。A.words單詞；B.telephones電話；C.tools工具；D.gestures手勢。句意：那天，雷吉用他慣用的手勢，是與大家溝通的最好的人。依據(jù)常識可知，聽不到的人通常用手勢來表達自己的想法。故D選項切題。18．A.frightened B．embarrassedC．surprised D．a(chǎn)mused答案：C解析：考查形容詞辨析。A.frightened膽怯 的；B.embarrassed尷尬的；C.surprised驚異的；D.amused開心的。句意：這意味著人們更加關注他所說的話，他們對他的才智和他找到幾乎能解決任何問題的方案的實力感到驚異。由前文可知，人們總是區(qū)分對待雷吉，孩子們怕傷到他，大人們覺得他不明白大人的意思，但是在“緘默日”這天，人們對他的才智和他找到幾乎能解決任何問題的方案的實力感到驚異。故C選項切題。19．A.proved B．reportedC．remembered D．realized答案：D解析：考查動詞辨析。A.proved證明；B.reported報告；C.remembered記得；D.realized意識到。句意：他們意識到他始終就是那樣。他們意識到雷吉在日常生活中只是比別人多須要一點時間來溝通。由前文可知，人們總是區(qū)分地對待雷吉，孩子們怕傷到他，大人們覺得他不明白大人的意思，但是在“緘默日”這天，人們對他的才智和他找到幾乎能解決任何問題的方案的實力感到驚異。所以人們起先意識到雷吉在日常生活中只是比別人多須要一點時間來溝通。所以realize符合句意。故D選項切題。20．A.watch B．eatC．communicate D．walk答案：C解析：考查動詞辨析。A.watch看；B.eat吃；Cmunicate溝通；D.walk走。句意：他們意識到他始終就是那樣。他們意識到雷吉在日常生活中只是比別人多須要一點時間來溝通。人們以前區(qū)分對待雷吉的緣由在于與他的溝通很少，但是現(xiàn)在他們意識到雷吉在日常生活中只是比別人多須要一點時間來溝通。故C選項切題。Ⅳ.概要寫作閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。FormanyyearstheschoolsysteminFinlandhasbeenverysuccessful.InthePISAsurvey,whichcomparesreading,mathandscienceknowledgeof15-year-oldsaroundtheworld,FinlandisnotonlythetopEuropeancountrybutalsocompeteswithAsiangiantslikeShanghai,SingaporeandSouthKorea.Butwhatmakestheeducationalsysteminthissmallcountrysodifferentfromothersinthewesterncountries?Untilthe1960s,mostFinland'smoststudentsleftschoolaftersixyears.Inthemiddleofthe1960s,theFinnishgovernmentsawtheneedtochangeandmodernizetheireducationsystemiftheywanttobeinternationallycompetitive.Lawmakersmadeasimpledecision:abasicschoolforallthe7to16-year-olds.Compulsory(義務的)educationbeginsat7.Thegovernmentmakesitpossibleforallchildrentoattendpreschoolaswell.MostofFinland'sschoolsgettheirmoneyfromthegovernment.Thepeoplewhoareinchargeoftheeducationsystem,fromteacherstoofficialsaretrainedteachers,notpoliticianslikeinothercountries.Teachersworkwiththeirpupilsinschoolasmuchaspossible.Whenteachersarenotwiththepupils,theyspendalotoftimeinschoolsworkingonthecurriculum(課程)an