山東省濰坊市重點(diǎn)高中2025屆高三上學(xué)期11月教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測英語試題含答案

2024-2025學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高三第二次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測英語試題2024年11月第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthewomanprobablydoing?A.WatchingTV.B.Writingaschoolreport.C.Readingajournalarticle.2.Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?A.Boardthetrain.B.Shopforsomegifts.C.Lookforarestaurant.3.Whichplacewillthespeakersprobablyheadfornext?A.Thegarden.B.Thekitchen.C.Thediningroomcod4.Whatdoesthemanadvisethegirltodo?A.Playwithherbrother.B.Buyanewrobot.C.Dootherthings.5.Wherewillthespeakersprobablyhavethepicnic?A.Intheforest.B.Inthenearbytown.C.Atthetopofthehill第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howlonghasthemanbeenaweddingphotographer?A.For16years.B.For24years.C.For40years.7.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aweddingceremony.B.Theman’scareerstory.C.Amodemdigitalcamera.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Dentistandpatient.C.Teacherandstudent.9.Whydoesthemanapologizetothewoman?A.Forforgettingtobuyheragift.B.Forstartingthemoviewithouther.C.Fortakingashowerforalongtime.10.Howdoesthewomanfeelattheendoftheconversation?A.Amused.B.Annoyed.C.Thankful.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhywasthewomanworriedaboutLily?A.Shesuddenlybecameshyandquiet.B.Shehadtostudyatanewschool.C.Herfriendsweretootalkative.12.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inalibrary.C.Inaclassroom.13.WhatdoweknowaboutLily?A.Sheisbadatwritingstories.B.Shecan’tconcentrateonherstudies.C.Shegoestothelibraryeveryweek.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.WhatwasJohndoingatthetimeoftheaccident?A.Buyingsomefood.B.Walkingtotheshop.C.Talkingonthephone.15.HowdidJohnprobablygethut?A.Hefellintoahole.B.Hewashitbyacar.C.Hetrippedoverastone.16.WhowilldriveJohntothehospital?A.Thewoman’scolleague.B.Hisdaughter.C.Thewoman.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhathappenedtothelittledogmetbyKlongsanum?A.Hewaslostandalone.B.Hehadbeenhitbyacar.C.Hewasrunningonabusyroad.18WhatdidKlongsanundofirsttohelpthedogaftertherace?A.Shetookhimtoapethospital.B.Shetriedtofindhisowner.C.Sheadoptedhimherself.19.HowmanycatsdoesKlongsanunhave?A.28.B.30.C.58.20.WhatisKlongsanun’sbiggestdream?A.Helpingmorehomelesspeople.B.Becomingamarathonchampion.C.Creatingananimalrescuecenter.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。APostofExecutiveDirectoroftheAECCommitteeAsiaEconomicCooperation(AEC),with21MemberEconomies,isauniquecooperativeeconomicforumthathasbeensuccessfulinpromotingregionaleconomicgrowththroughtradeandinvestmentliberalization,andcapacitybuildingsinceitsfoundationin1989.Ithasachievedthisthroughopendialogue,trustbuildingandvoluntarycommitments.TheAECCommittee,basedinSingapore,fulfilsanimportantroleissupportingtheAECprocess,includingpolicy,technicalandcommunicationsservicestoanextensiverangeofshareholders.AECislookingforadynamicExecutiveDirectorfora3-yearterm(withtheoptionfora1-3yearextension)toleadtheCommitteefromJanuary2025.ThesuccessfulcandidateshouldbefromanAECMemberEconomyandmustpossessstrongleadershipqualities,publicsectorexperience,seniormanagementexperience,andorganizationaldevelopmentexperience,highpoliticalsensitivityandmultilateralworkexperience,preferablyintradeoreconomicrelatedareas.Thecandidateshouldalsohavemanagedmulti-culturalworkenvironment.Thecandidatemustindicatehowtheirexperienceandqualificationsmatchthoserequired.Extensivetravelisexpected.MoreinformationonAECcanbefoundatourwebsitewww.aec.org.Applicationsshouldreachusnolaterthan15July2024viae-mailhr-recruit@aec.orgormailedtotheHumanResourceDirector,AECCommittee,35HengMuiKengTerrace,Singapore119616.Yourapplicationmustindicatehowyourexperienceandqualificationsmatchthoserequired.Onlyshortlistedcandidateswillbenotified1.WhatdoweknowabouttheTheAECCommittee?A.ItisbasedinSingapore. B.ItleadstheAECprocess.C.Itdealswithpoliticalissues. D.Ithas21MemberEconomies.2.Whatisrequiredofaqualifiedcandidate?A.Strongpoliticalbackground. B.High-levelleadershipexpertise.C.Advancedmulti-linguisticskills. D.Sharpenvironmentalawareness.3.Inwhichsectionofamagazinemaythistextappear?A.CoverStory. B.NewsUpdates.C.CareerOpportunities. D.VolunteeringInformation.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要是亞洲經(jīng)濟(jì)合作委員會（AEC）發(fā)布的一則招聘啟事，尋找一位具有強(qiáng)大領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力、公共部門經(jīng)驗(yàn)、高級管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)、組織發(fā)展經(jīng)驗(yàn)、高度政治敏感性和多邊工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的執(zhí)行董事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TheAECCommittee,basedinSingapore,fulfilsanimportantroleissupportingtheAECprocess,includingpolicy,technicalandcommunicationsservicestoanextensiverangeofshareholders.(總部設(shè)在新加坡的AEC委員會在支持AEC進(jìn)程方面發(fā)揮著重要作用，包括向廣泛的股東提供政策、技術(shù)和溝通服務(wù)。)”可知，AEC委員會總部位于新加坡，故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“ThesuccessfulcandidateshouldbefromanAECMemberEconomyandmustpossessstrongleadershipqualities,publicsectorexperience,seniormanagementexperience,andorganizationaldevelopmentexperience,highpoliticalsensitivityandmultilateralworkexperience,preferablyintradeoreconomicrelatedareas.(成功的候選人必須來自AEC成員經(jīng)濟(jì)體，必須具有很強(qiáng)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能，公共部門經(jīng)驗(yàn)，高級管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)，組織發(fā)展經(jīng)驗(yàn)，高度的政治敏感性和多邊工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，最好是在貿(mào)易或經(jīng)濟(jì)相關(guān)領(lǐng)域。)”可知，合格的候選人需要具有高水平的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能，故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“PostofExecutiveDirectoroftheAECCommittee(AEC委員會執(zhí)行主任一職)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文是一篇招聘廣告，所以它可能出現(xiàn)在雜志的“職業(yè)機(jī)會”欄目中，故選C。BTheytalkaboutthestrawthatbrokethecamel’sback,butreallyitshouldbethepasswordthatwipedoutmymemorybank.IwasgoingalongfinewithinstantrecallofmybankPIN,mymobilephonenumberandthedateofmycousin’sbirthdaybeforeIdownloadedagasstationpaymentappforitsnewcustomerdiscount.Itaskedmetocreateapassword.WhenItypedin“gasl”,itwasrejectedfornotbeingcomplexenough.Itriedagain:“IHateHearlessOilCompanies@”.Butthatwastoolonganddidn’tinclude“atleastonenumber”.Buthereisthething:assoonasIaddedthefreshpasswordintomymemory,Iinstantlyforgotalltheothers.Mybrainhadhititslimitforpasswords.Inowknownothing.Ihadenteredsomepasswordsinanotebook.Ofcourse,Ididn’twritedowntheactualpasswords,incaseitfellintothewronghands.Instead,Imaskedtheminawaythatonlyafamilymembercouldfigurethemout.Forexample,IcombinedmybankPINwithourpostalcode,thenaddedittoalistofphonenumbers.ItwouldfoolevenAlbertEinstein.Maybeweneedasystemliketheoneweusetorememberpeople’snames.Youknow,youformanassociationbetweenaperson’scharacteristicsandtheirnamebywhispering“SkinnyGeorge.SkinnyGeorge”inheartaftermeetingthem.Theriskisthat,uponseeinghim,you’llburstoutthephrase.“SkinnyGeorge”mightnotmind,butit’spossible“BoringBetty”will.Asforrememberingpasswordsasyouchangethem,youcouldsimplyusethefirstandlastlettersofyourfavoritesinger’sgreatesthits,togetherwiththeyearoftheirrelease.MaybeI’lltrythatoneout,butonlyafterdescribingthesysteminthenotebook.ThenI’llhideitinaplacesosecretthatI’llneverrememberwhereitis.4.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hefellforamarketingtrick. B.Hehadaseriousmemorydisorder.C.Hewasdrivenmadbypasswords. D.Hewasrejectedbythegasstation.5.BymentioningAlbertEinsteininparagraph3,theauthorintendsto________.A.promoteamorescientificpasswordsystem B.showhowsecurehispasswordswereC.provetheuselessnessofhispasswords D.challengetheintelligenceofscientists6.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toencouragereaderstousepasswordnotebooks.B.Torecommendapassword-rememberingmethod.C.Tocomplainaboutthetroublecausedbypasswords.D.Toemphasizetheimportanceofusingcomplexpasswords.7.Whatisthetoneofthetext?A.Dismissive. B.Indifferent. C.Serious. D.Humorous.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者因?yàn)閲L試記住過于復(fù)雜的密碼，反而導(dǎo)致自己忘記了其他所有密碼的尷尬經(jīng)歷?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Theytalkaboutthestrawthatbrokethecamel’sback,butreallyitshouldbethepasswordthatwipedoutmymemorybank.(他們說的是壓垮駱駝背的稻草，但實(shí)際上應(yīng)該是密碼毀掉了我的記憶庫)”以及第二段“Buthereisthething:assoonasIaddedthefreshpasswordintomymemory,Iinstantlyforgotalltheothers.Mybrainhadhititslimitforpasswords.Inowknownothing.(但事情是這樣的：當(dāng)我把新密碼添加到我的記憶中時(shí)，我立刻忘記了所有其他密碼。我的大腦已經(jīng)達(dá)到了密碼的極限。我現(xiàn)在什么都不知道)”可知，作者更新了密碼之后卻忘記了，被密碼所累，由此可知，他被密碼逼瘋了。故選C項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Ofcourse,Ididn’twritedowntheactualpasswords,incaseitfellintothewronghands.Instead,Imaskedtheminawaythatonlyafamilymembercouldfigurethemout.Forexample,IcombinedmybankPINwithourpostalcode,thenaddedittoalistofphonenumbers.ItwouldfoolevenAlbertEinstein.(當(dāng)然，我沒有寫下實(shí)際的密碼，以防它落入壞人之手。反之，我把密碼設(shè)置了一種只有家庭成員才能認(rèn)出的方式。例如，我將我的銀行PIN與我們的郵政編碼結(jié)合起來，然后將其添加到電話號碼列表中。它甚至?xí)夼柌亍垡蛩固?”可知，通過在第3段提到阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦，作者打算展示他的密碼有多安全。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Theytalkaboutthestrawthatbrokethecamel’sback,butreallyitshouldbethepasswordthatwipedoutmymemorybank.(他們說的是壓垮駱駝背的稻草，但實(shí)際上應(yīng)該是密碼毀掉了我的記憶庫)”以及最后一段“MaybeI’lltrythatoneout,butonlyafterdescribingthesysteminthenotebook.ThenI’llhideitinaplacesosecretthatI’llneverrememberwhereitis.(也許我會試試這個(gè)——但只有在筆記本上描述了這個(gè)系統(tǒng)之后。然后我會把它藏在一個(gè)秘密的地方，我永遠(yuǎn)不會記得它在哪里)”可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是抱怨密碼帶來的麻煩。故選C項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“assoonasIaddedthefreshpasswordintomymemory,Iinstantlyforgotalltheothers.Mybrainhadhititslimitforpasswords.Inowknownothing(當(dāng)我把新密碼添加到我的記憶中時(shí)，我立刻忘記了所有其他密碼。我的大腦已經(jīng)達(dá)到了密碼的極限。我現(xiàn)在什么都不知道)”、第三段“Instead,Imaskedtheminawaythatonlyafamilymembercouldfigurethemout.Forexample,IcombinedmybankPINwithourpostalcode,thenaddedittoalistofphonenumbers.ItwouldfoolevenAlbertEinstein.(反之，我把密碼設(shè)置了一種只有家庭成員才能認(rèn)出的方式。例如，我將我的銀行PIN與我們的郵政編碼結(jié)合起來，然后將其添加到電話號碼列表中。它甚至?xí)夼柌亍垡蛩固?”以及最后一段“MaybeI’lltrythatoneout,butonlyafterdescribingthesysteminthenotebook.ThenI’llhideitinaplacesosecretthatI’llneverrememberwhereitis.(也許我會試試這個(gè)——但只有在筆記本上描述了這個(gè)系統(tǒng)之后。然后我會把它藏在一個(gè)秘密的地方，我永遠(yuǎn)不會記得它在哪里)”可知，作者在本文中以一種幽默風(fēng)趣的方式抱怨自己被各種各樣的復(fù)雜密碼所累，因此本文的風(fēng)格是幽默詼諧。故選D項(xiàng)。CLifecontinuallyrequiresthatwewritedownafewwordsofthanks:forholidays,meals,presentsorpeople’splaceinourhearts.However,toooften,ourmessagesendupflatorsomewhatunconvincing.Tomakeourmessagesmoreeffective,wemighttakealessonfromthehistoryofart.Tosomeextent,whatdistinguishesgreatfromcommonartisthelevelofdetailwithwhichtheworldhasbeenstudied.Atalentedartistis,firstandforemost,someonewhotakesusintothespecificsofthereasonswhyanexperienceoraplacefeltvaluable.Theydon’tmerelytellusthatspringis‘nice’,theyzeroinontheparticularcontributingfactorstothisniceness:leavesthathavethesoftnessofanewborn’shands,thecontrastbetweenawarmsunandasharpbreeze,thesoftcryofbabyblackbirds....Someofthereasonwhygreatartistsarerareisthatourmindsarenotwellsetuptounderstandwhywefeelaswedo.Butwecanbeconfidentifourmindshavebeenaffected,thereasonswhythey’vebeensowillbesomewhere,waitingtobeuncovered.Westandtorealisethatitwasn’tsomuchthatthefoodwas‘delicious’;butthatthepotatoesinparticularhadacharmingrosemaryandgarlicflavour.Afriendwasn’tjust‘nice’;theybroughtinahugelysensitiveandgeneroustonetobearinaskinguswhatithadbeenlikeforuswhenwesuffered.Thedetailswillbethere,waitingforustocatchthem.Wedon’thavetobegreatartiststosendeffectivethank-younotes.Wejustneedtolocateandholdontightlytotwoorthreehighlydetailedreasonsforourgratitude.8.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph1?A.Weseldomexpressgratitudebywriting.B.Weusuallyfindmessagesofthankstouching.C.Weshouldtakeacourseformessagewriting.D.Wemaydrawinspirationforthank-yousfromarts.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“zeroinon”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Leaveout. B.Clearup. C.Focuson. D.Holdback.10.Howisparagraph3developed?A.Byclassification. B.Byexample. C.Bydefinition. D.Byprocess.11.Whichwouldtheauthorrecommendtoexpressgratitude?A.Iamblessedtohavesuchawonderfulweek.B.Yourcaringandwarmsmilelightsupmyday.C.Thankyousomuchforyourgreatpresent.D.ThisisthemostdeliciousdinnerI’veeverhad.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。作者認(rèn)為在表達(dá)感謝時(shí)應(yīng)該找到并緊緊抓住兩三個(gè)非常詳細(xì)的理由。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Tomakeourmessagesmoreeffective,wemighttakealessonfromthehistoryofart.(為了使我們的信息更有效，我們可以從藝術(shù)史上吸取教訓(xùn))”可知，我們可以從藝術(shù)中得到寫感謝信的靈感。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句中的“l(fā)eavesthathavethesoftnessofanewborn’shands,thecontrastbetweenawarmsunandasharpbreeze,thesoftcryofbabyblackbirds....(樹葉有新生兒的手的柔軟，溫暖的太陽和刺骨的微風(fēng)的對比，小黑鳥輕柔的叫聲……)”可知，“theparticularcontributingfactorstothisniceness(造成這種美好的特殊因素)”就是指樹葉有新生兒的手的柔軟，溫暖的太陽和刺骨的微風(fēng)的對比，小黑鳥輕柔的叫聲等等，再根據(jù)最后一句中的“Theydon’tmerelytellusthatspringis‘nice’(他們不僅僅告訴我們春天很好)”可知，此處是指他們不僅僅只說春天很好，還專注在描寫細(xì)節(jié)上，告訴我們因?yàn)槭裁创禾旌芎?。所以“zeroinon”意為“專注于”。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Butwecanbeconfidentifourmindshavebeenaffected,thereasonswhythey’vebeensowillbesomewhere,waitingtobeuncovered.(但我們可以相信，如果我們的思想受到了影響，那么受到影響的原因?qū)⒃谀硞€(gè)地方，等待被發(fā)現(xiàn))”和第三段最后一句“Thedetailswillbethere,waitingforustocatchthem.(細(xì)節(jié)會在那里，等著我們抓住它們)”可知，第二句和最后一句前后呼應(yīng)，第三句和第四句“Westandtorealisethatitwasn’tsomuchthatthefoodwas‘delicious’;butthatthepotatoesinparticularhadacharmingrosemaryandgarlicflavour.Afriendwasn’tjust‘nice’;theybroughtinahugelysensitiveandgeneroustonetobearinaskinguswhatithadbeenlikeforuswhenwesuffered.(我們會意識到，食物并不是那么美味；但土豆特別有迷迭香和大蒜的香味。朋友不僅僅是“好”的；當(dāng)我們遭受苦難時(shí)，他們帶著一種非常敏感和慷慨的語氣問我們怎么樣)”是在對此舉例。由此可知，第三段是通過舉例來論證觀點(diǎn)。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Wejustneedtolocateandholdontightlytotwoorthreehighlydetailedreasonsforourgratitude.(我們只需要找到并緊緊抓住兩三個(gè)非常詳細(xì)的理由來表達(dá)我們的感激之情)”可知，作者認(rèn)為在表達(dá)感謝時(shí)應(yīng)該找到并緊緊抓住兩三個(gè)非常詳細(xì)的理由，所以選項(xiàng)B.Yourcaringandwarmsmilelightsupmyday.(你的關(guān)懷和溫暖的微笑照亮了我的一天)屬于這種詳細(xì)的理由，作者會推薦選項(xiàng)B。故選B。DAtancientsitesacrosstheAmazonRiverbasin,mysteriousplotsofunusuallyrichsoildot(點(diǎn)綴)thelandscape.Scientistshavelongdebatedtheoriginofthis“darkearth”,whichisdarkerincolorthansurroundingsoilsandricherincarbon.Somepeoplethinkthisdarkearthformednaturally,butthelatestresearchhasshownthatmodernKuikuropeopleinBrazilcreatesimilarsoilaroundtheirvillagesonpurpose,whichaddsevidencetotheideathatlong-agoAmazonsdeliberatelymadesuchsoiltoo.Perron,anearthscientistatMIT,reviewedinterviewsofKuikuropeopleconductedbyaKuikurofilmmakerin2018andfoundthatKuikurovillagersactivelymakedarkearthbyusingash,foodbitsandcontrolledburns.“Whenyouplantinhillyland,thesoilisweak,”explainedelderKanuKuikuroinoneoftheinterviews.Thatiswhywethrowtheash,maniocpeelingsandmaniocpulp.Whencomparingsoilsamplesfromancientandmodernsites,researchersfound“strikingsimilarities”—bothwerefarlessacidicthansurroundingsoilsandcontainedhigherlevelsofplant-friendlynutrients.Analysesalsorevealedthatdarkearthholdstwicetheamountofcarbonassurroundingsoilsonaverage.Scans(掃描)oftheXinguregionsuggestthattheareaisdottedwithdarkearth,andthatholdasmuchasabout9milliontonsofcarbon—theannualcarbonemissionsofasmall,industrializedcountry.“ThisnumbercouldroughlyequaltheannualcarbonemissionsoftheUnitedStateswhenalldarkearthacrosstheAmazonistakenintoconsideration,”Perronsays.FiguringoutthetruevalueofcarbonstoredintheAmazon’sdarkearthwillrequiremoredata.Still,theresearchhassignificantinfluencesontheAmazon’sfuture.ThetechniquehighlightshowancientpeoplewereabletoliveintheAmazonbydevelopingsustainablefarmingthatdoubledasacarbon-storingtechnique.Withmoreandmoregreenhousegasesenteringtheatmosphere,itcouldalsoprovideablueprintfordevelopingmethodsofsustainablylockingatmosphericcarboninthesoil,helpingfightclimatechange.12.WhatcanweinferfromthedarkearthacrosstheAmazonRiverbasin?A.Theyaremoreacidicthansurroundingsoils.B.Theycontainmoreorganicnutrients.C.Theyformednaturally.D.Theycontainlesscarbon.13.WhydoestheauthormentiontheannualcarbonemissionsoftheUS?A.Toexplainthedifficultyofprotectingdarkearth.B.ToshowthewidedistributionofdarkearthinAmazon.C.Tostressthehugecarbon-storingcapabilityofdarkearth.D.TorevealthelargecarbonemissionsoftheUnitedStates.14.Whatdoestheauthorstressinthelastparagraph?A.Theimportanceofdevelopingsustainablefarming.B.Theadvancedfarmingtechnologyinancienttomes.C.Apossiblesolutiontoclimatechange.D.Awayofgreenagriculture.15.Whichisthebesttitleofthetext?A.UrgencyofSustainableDevelopment B.FactsAbouttheDarkEarthC.AdvantagesoftheDarkEarth D.WisdomofAncientAmazons【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了亞馬遜黑土地的形成和功能。黑土地是人為形成的，而非自然現(xiàn)象。同時(shí)黑土地極強(qiáng)的碳吸附能力對于對抗全球氣候變化有一定作用?！驹斀狻?.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Perron,anearthscientistatMIT,reviewedinterviewsofKuikuropeopleconductedbyaKuikurofilmmakerin2018andfoundthatKuikurovillagersactivelymakedarkearthbyusingash,foodbitsandcontrolledburns.(麻省理工學(xué)院的地球科學(xué)家Perron回顧了2018年Kuikuro電影制作人對Kuikuro人的采訪，發(fā)現(xiàn)Kuikuro村民通過使用灰燼、食物碎片和控制燃燒積極地制造黑暗的土地)”及“Whencomparingsoilsamplesfromancientandmodernsites,researchersfound“strikingsimilarities”—bothwerefarlessacidicthansurroundingsoilsandcontainedhigherlevelsofplant-friendlynutrients.(在比較古代和現(xiàn)代遺址的土壤樣本時(shí)，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了“驚人的相似之處”——兩者的酸性都遠(yuǎn)低于周圍土壤，并且含有更高水平的植物友好營養(yǎng)物質(zhì))”可知，黑土地富含更多的利于植物成長的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)，也就是有機(jī)營養(yǎng)成分。故選B。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Scans(掃描)oftheXinguregionsuggestthattheareaisdottedwithdarkearth,andthatholdasmuchasabout9milliontonsofcarbon—theannualcarbonemissionsofasmall,industrializedcountry.“ThisnumbercouldroughlyequaltheannualcarbonemissionsoftheUnitedStateswhenalldarkearthacrosstheAmazonistakenintoconsideration,”Perronsays.(對新古地區(qū)的掃描表明，該地區(qū)散布著暗土，其中含有約900萬噸碳——相當(dāng)于一個(gè)小型工業(yè)化國家的年碳排放量。Perron說：“這個(gè)數(shù)字大致相當(dāng)于美國每年的碳排放量，如果把整個(gè)亞馬遜地區(qū)的黑色土壤都考慮在內(nèi)的話?！?”可知，這個(gè)地區(qū)的黑土地可以吸附的碳數(shù)量相當(dāng)于一個(gè)小型工業(yè)化國家的碳排量。由此可推知，作者提到了美國每年的碳排放量，是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)黑土地巨大的碳儲存能力。故選C。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Withmoreandmoregreenhousegasesenteringtheatmosphere,itcouldalsoprovideablueprintfordevelopingmethodsofsustainablylockingatmosphericcarboninthesoil,helpingfightclimatechange.(隨著越來越多的溫室氣體進(jìn)入大氣，它也可以為開發(fā)可持續(xù)地將大氣碳鎖定在土壤中的方法提供藍(lán)圖，幫助應(yīng)對氣候變化)”可知，黑土地極強(qiáng)的碳吸附能力為對抗全球氣候變化提供了可能的解決方案。故選C。4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Perron,anearthscientistatMIT,reviewedinterviewsofKuikuropeopleconductedbyaKuikurofilmmakerin2018andfoundthatKuikurovillagersactivelymakedarkearthbyusingash,foodbitsandcontrolledburns.(麻省理工學(xué)院的地球科學(xué)家Perron回顧了2018年Kuikuro電影制作人對Kuikuro人的采訪，發(fā)現(xiàn)Kuikuro村民通過使用灰燼、食物碎片和控制燃燒積極地制造黑暗的土地)”及文章第二段描述“黑土地極強(qiáng)的碳吸附能力”和第三段“黑土地為對抗全球氣候變化提供了可能的解決方案”可知，本文主要介紹了關(guān)于黑土地的一些信息，由此可推知，B項(xiàng)“關(guān)于黑土地的事實(shí)”最適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WhenpeoplefirstcomeacrosstheLawofAttraction(吸引力法則),theirheartsandmindsoftenimmediatelythinkofonespecificthingthatthey’dlovetoachieveintheirlives.However,thenextthoughtisoften“ButIcan’tdothat”.Youmaycomeupwithallkindsofexcuses.____16____HerearethereasonswhyyoushouldbelieveyoucanusetheLawofAttractiontoobtainwhateveryouwant.Smallstepscreatebigchanges.Oneofthemostcommonreasonsforabandoningdreamsisthattheysimplyseemtoohugetorealize.Usuallyit’smanageabletothinkoffollowingyourdreamastakingaseriesofsignificantbutsmallsteps.____17____Thenlookateachofthem.Notsounrealisticnow,isit?____18____Whenpeopleareinterviewedontheirdeathbedsorwriteabouttheirlivesinautobiographies(自傳),itisoftenobservedthatmajorregretstendtorelatetothingsthatwerenotdone.Inolderage,it’slikelythatyouwillbeuncomfortablewiththeideathatyoudidn’teventrytodothethingthatyoulovedorattempttoobtainwhatyoutrulywanted.____19____Butyoudon’teverneedtofeelthisway!Maketodaythefirstdayofyournewjourneytowardsavoidingregret.Stepstowardsyourdreamareneverbackwardssteps.Anothercommonworryisthatifyoufollowyourdreams,you’llbe“takingstepsback”.____20____However,whatlookslikebackwardstepsinyouroldlifecanmoreproductivelyandaccuratelybeseenasforwardingstepsinthebrandnewlifeyou’recreating.A.Youcanavoidregret.B.Itmakessensetomoveforwardconfidently.C.Luckily,thetruthisthatit’snevertoolatetofollowyourdream.D.Itoftencomesupwhenpeopleareatthetopofcareerstheyhate.E.Itispainfultofeellikeyouhaven’teverfoundyourtruepurpose.F.Forexample,challengeyourselftowritedownthepathtosuccessintenstages.G.Youhaveenoughlifeexperienceandknowledgetomakechangestopursueyourdream.【答案】16.C17.F18.A19.E20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了幾種可以讓你保持追逐夢想的方法和建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youmaycomeupwithallkindsofexcuses.(你可能會想出各種各樣的借口。)”提到不想付諸行動的各種借口，可知本空要談到解決這一問題的方案。下文“HerearethereasonswhyyoushouldbelieveyoucanusetheLawofAttractiontoobtainwhateveryouwant.(下面是為什么你應(yīng)該相信你可以利用吸引力法則得到你想要的任何東西的原因。)”提到建議和方法，可知本空是對下文的概括。選項(xiàng)C項(xiàng)“Luckily,thetruthisthatit’snevertoolatetofollowyourdream.(幸運(yùn)的是，事實(shí)是，追逐夢想永遠(yuǎn)不會太晚。)”起到承上啟下作用。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Usuallyit’smanageabletothinkoffollowingyourdreamastakingaseriesofsignificantbutsmallsteps.(通常情況下，你可以把追求夢想看成是一系列重要而又小的步驟。)”說明可以把追求夢想看成重要而又小的步驟。F項(xiàng)“Forexample,challengeyourselftowritedownthepathtosuccessintenstages.(例如，挑戰(zhàn)自己，把通往成功的道路分為十個(gè)階段。)”為具體舉例解釋這一方法，和上文內(nèi)容意思一致，為上文內(nèi)容的語意遞進(jìn)。故選F項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】該空為段首，總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文“Whenpeopleareinterviewedontheirdeathbedsorwriteabouttheirlivesinautobiographies(自傳),itisoftenobservedthatmajorregretstendtorelatetothingsthatwerenotdone.Inolderage,it’slikelythatyouwillbeuncomfortablewiththeideathatyoudidn’teventrytodothethingthatyoulovedorattempttoobtainwhatyoutrulywanted.(當(dāng)人們在彌留之際接受采訪，或在自傳中講述他們的生活時(shí)，我們常常發(fā)現(xiàn)，主要的遺憾往往與沒有做過的事情有關(guān)。在年老的時(shí)候，你很可能會因?yàn)槟闵踔翛]有嘗試做你喜歡的事情或試圖獲得你真正想要的東西而感到不舒服。)”可知，遺憾往往與沒有做過的事情有關(guān)。A項(xiàng)“Youcanavoidregret.(你可以避免后悔。)”總結(jié)下文內(nèi)容，引出下文中講到的人們往往會因?yàn)槭裁炊蠡?。故選A項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】上文“Inolderage,it’slikelythatyouwillbeuncomfortablewiththeideathatyoudidn’teventrytodothethingthatyoulovedorattempttoobtainwhatyoutrulywanted.(在年老的時(shí)候，你很可能會因?yàn)槟闵踔翛]有嘗試做你喜歡的事情或試圖獲得你真正想要的東西而感到不舒服。)”提到?jīng)]有嘗試做你喜歡的事情或試圖獲得你真正想要的東西會使自己感到遺憾。下文“Butyoudon’teverneedtofeelthisway!(但是你不需要有這種感覺！)”說明空處提到了某種感覺。E項(xiàng)“Itispainfultofeellikeyouhaven’teverfoundyourtruepurpose.(感覺自己還沒有找到自己真正的目標(biāo)是很痛苦的。)”為對上文內(nèi)容的語意遞進(jìn)，同時(shí)引起下文，下文中提到的“feelthisway(這種感覺)”指的就是該句中的內(nèi)容。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上文“Anothercommonworryisthatifyoufollowyourdreams,you’llbe“takingstepsback”.(另一個(gè)常見的擔(dān)憂是，如果你追隨夢想，你會“倒退”。)”提到追隨夢想，你會有“倒退”的這種擔(dān)憂。下文“However,whatlookslikebackwardstepsinyouroldlifecanmoreproductivelyandaccuratelybeseenasforwardingstepsinthebrandnewlifeyou’recreating.(然而，在你的舊生活中，那些看起來像是倒退的步驟，可以更有效、更準(zhǔn)確地被視為你正在創(chuàng)造的全新生活中的前進(jìn)步驟。)”為轉(zhuǎn)折，說明這些擔(dān)憂可能是創(chuàng)造的全新生活中的前進(jìn)步驟。D項(xiàng)“Itoftencomesupwhenpeopleareatthetopofcareerstheyhate.(當(dāng)人們處于自己討厭的職業(yè)巔峰時(shí)，這種情況就會出現(xiàn)。)”起到承上啟下作用，說明上文提到的情況。故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Havingbeenateacherfor25years,IthinkI’vetaughtmystudentstheimportanceofgoodcitizenship,toplaybythe___21___.Butmostofthetime,Iembracemyroleasapupil.OnemorningwhenIreachedtheintersectionbeforemyschooltrafficwasatastandstill(停).Whatwasreally___22___wasthatIcouldseetheschool.Upahead,theturnlaneintotheschool’sparkinglotwas___23___.IfIcouldjustturntotheright,theonlythingbetweenmeandtheturnlanewasalongstretchoffield.AsIsatinmymotionlessvehicle,Iheardthatfieldcalltome.I___24___thecaroutofthelineoftrafficandheadedforthefreedomofthatopenland___25___Iheardawailofsiren(警笛)frombehind.AnofficercameuptomeandIhandedhimmy___26___withoutevenlookingup.Heglancedatit,andasked,“What’sgoingon,Madam?”Istartedmurmuring.“Well,Ioverslept,and…”Heremyvoice___27___asad,pleadingtone,theveryqualityIadvisemystudentsto___28___--“Ijustwantedtogettoschool.Ihaveto…”“Soyou’reateacher?”he___29___.“Yes,andIneed…”Acardroveby,andIrecognizedoneofmyeighth-graderswavingatme,___30___myname,pointingmeouttohismother.Asshedroveby,Iheardthepoliceofficersayit:“Youwantedtobe___31___becauseyou’reagoodteacher.“Atthatpointhepausedbeforeadding,“YouwerewhenIhadyou.”AndthenIdidlookathim.Ireadthenamebadgeonhischest.A___32___7th--gradestudentofmine.Allgrownup.Keepingpeoplesafe.Tryingtokeepmesafe___33___myself.Hegavemea___34___--nottoodifferentfromonesI’dgivenhimyearsago--andsentmeonmyway.AndatlastIarrivedatmyclassroom,wonderingwhatIwould___35___next.21.A.wills B.rules C.orders D.lessons22.A.amusing B.confusing C.annoying D.surprising23.A.blocked B.broad C.crowded D.empty24.A.pushed B.guided C.parked D.nosed25.A.since B.when C.until D.while26.A.license B.book C.contract D.certificate27.A.pickedup B.tookon C.showedup D.carriedon28.A.practise B.avoid C.adopt D.try29.A.interrupted B.explained C.wondered D.complained30.A.gesturing B.addressing C.announcing D.mouthing31.A.atrisk B.incharge C.ontime D.underarrest32.A.familiar B.former C.mature D.distant33.A.by B.to C.from D.about34.A.warning B.ticket C.hand D.favor35.A.appreciate B.propose C.understand D.learn【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.D25.B26.A27.B28.B29.A30.D31.C32.B33.C34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了作者在堵車的時(shí)候想從