2024北京海淀區(qū)高三（上）期末英語試題和答案

試題PAGE1試題2024北京海淀高三（上）期末英語2024.01本試卷共10頁,100分?？荚嚂r(shí)長90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題紙上,在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題紙一并交回。第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)閱讀下而短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A.B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Backin2008,IwasteachingConceptsofFitnessinahighschool.Attheendofoneclass,IchattedwithDavidGale,aseniorhighjumper,abouthowtoimprovehis____1____andhowmotivationplayedanimportantroleinone’sachievement.He,outoftheblue,askedmewhatwouldhappenifhebroketheschoolrecord.Not____2____ofhispassionanddetermination,Ipausedforamoment,butthenpromisedthatIwouldpainthisnameonthewallofourclassroom.HewasveryexcitedandsuggestedthatIgopurchasethepaint.Nothingmorewasmentionedaboutthe____3____untiltwoweekslater,theyoungwarriorranintotheclassroomwithahugesmileonhisface.“Ididit!Ibroketherecord!”heshoutedasIwasstillgatheringinformationto____4____whatIhadpromisedhim.Ijoinedinwiththehigh-fivesandfistbumps____5____him.Thenextday,itwasdone!G-A-L-E.Hugeblueletterswithwhiteedges,theschoolcolors.Icouldseehisexcitementevensurpassedthesuccessitself.Actually,hiscoachsaidthewallwaspartofthe____6____tobreaktherecord.Whathappenednextwastotallyamazing.Manystudents,evenfromotherclasses,sawthenameonthewalland____7____howthey,too,couldbeconsideredforthewall.Withtheenormous____8____,Ihadtoaddmorenamestothewall,andmorethan100namesappearedthereinthefollowing10years.Manyfolksadmittedtheywouldnothave____9____whattheydidifthewallhadn’tbeenpartofthereward.Moreimportantly,allthosewhosteppedfarbeyondtheircomfortzonehelpedsetthe____10____higher.1.A.health B.performance C.talent D.knowledge2.A.proud B.afraid C.certain D.fond3.A.promise B.record C.suggestion D.news4.A.describe B.recall C.explain D.picture5.A.encouraging B.admiring C.congratulating D.greeting6.A.excitement B.confidence C.creativity D.motivation7.A.inquired B.expected C.insisted D.doubted8.A.effort B.experience C.stress D.response9.A.adjusted B.achieved C.examined D.displayed10.A.pace B.stage C.bar D.tone第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}紙指定區(qū)域作答。A語法填空WhenMarkwasdrivingtothemartialartsgymwherehetrainsandvolunteers,hesaw____11____lookedlikeapolicepursuit.SoonMarkrealizedtheofficerdidnothavecontrolofthesituation.Jumpingoutofhiscar,Markidentifiedhimselfandspelledouthisintention____12____(make)ittwo-on-oneintheofficer’sfavor.Then,withtheofficer____13____(struggle)tocontroltheman’supperbody,Markputhisweightontheman’slegs.Butthesuspectmanagedtorolltohisright,ontohisstomach.Markimmediately____14____(apply)amartialmovetocontrolhisshoulderandupperbody.Afewsecondslater,thesuspectgaveout.Theofficersecuredahandcuffandthethreatwasover.B語法填空Glassrecyclinghasbecomesuchabigindustrythattheamountofglass____15____(recycle)isnotmeetingthedemandfornewglasstobeproduced.SomestatesinU.S.haveattemptedtoresolvethissituationinhopesofencouragingthe____16____(produce)ofglassoverplasticbyofferingmonetaryincentives(獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))forglass.Forexample,Californiahasaspecialprogram____17____youcanearnfivecentsformostglassbottlesaswellasplasticonesandaluminumcanslessthan24ounces.Foritemsover24ounces,youcanearn10centseach.C語法填空IntheStates,tourismisclearlynotanenvironmentally“clean”industry.Peopledonotjustshowup,spend___18___(they)moneyandleave.Instead,theyshowup,andiftheyhavemoremoneythanthelocalsdo,theymoveinandtellafriend.Somorepeopleareattracted____19____thisplaceandmorehomesarebuiltforthem.Butthesehomesareoftenpricingoutthelocals.Thehospitalityindustrydoescreatejobs,butmanyofthesejobsdon’tpayalot.Thetaxesthatcomefromtourism____20____(use)tofixtheproblemsthattourismcausesinthefirstplace.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分,共28分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ADearColleague,IamwritingwithinformationaboutBACUniversitySummerTerm’sfourexcitingprogramsforhighschoolstudents.Theseprogramsprovidetheopportunitytostudyataworld-renowneduniversity,strengthenEnglish-languageskillsandenjoysummerinBoston.Hereisabriefoverviewofourprograms:HighSchoolHonorsisasix-weekresidentialoronlineprograminwhichstudentstakeBACUniversityundergraduatecoursesandearnupto8transferablecollegecredits.StudentsmustbeenteringGrades10-12infall2024.AcademicImmersion(AIM)isathree-weeknon-creditresidentialprogramforstudentstofocusintensivelyonasingleacademictopic.ThissummerweareofferingthreeAIMtracks:IntroductiontoExperimentalPsychology,IntroductiontoMedicine,andCreativeWriting.Allthreetrackscombineclassroomworkwithhands-onexperientiallearningactivities.StudentsmustbeenteringGrade11orGrade12infall2024.SummerChallengeisatwo-weekresidentialoronlineprograminwhichstudentstaketwonon-creditseminarsoftheirchoiceandexperiencecollegelife.StudentsmustbeenteringGrade12infall2024.SummerPreviewisaone-weeknon-creditresidentialprograminwhichstudentsexploreonesubjectofinterestwhilepreviewingthecollegeexperience.StudentsmustbeenteringGrade9orGrade10infall2024.OurSummerTerm’sprogramsprovidestudentswithrigorousandcollaborativecollegelifeexperiencesthatenablethemtogainastrongsenseoftheirpersonalandacademicpotential.Everyyear,ourstudentsformstrongfriendshipsastheyundertakechallengingcourseworkandparticipateinsocialevents.Ihaveenclosedaposterandaprogrambrochure.Ihopeyouwillsharethisinformationwithyourstudents.Pleasefeelfreetocontactusviaemailatsummerhs@ifyouhaveanyquestionsaboutourprograms.Warmly,AmandaNelsonAssociateDirectorBACUniversitySummerTerm21.AGrade11studentinfall2024whoprefersonlineprogramscouldchoose________.A.HighSchoolHonors B.AcademicImmersion C.SummerChallenge D.SummerPreview22.Accordingtothepassage,studentscan________.A.getatleast8transferablecreditsinHighSchoolHonorsB.gainbothknowledgeandpracticalexperienceinAIMC.earncreditsfromthecoursesinSummerChallengeD.engageinin-depthresearchinSummerPreview23.What’sAmandaNelson’spurposeinwritingtheletter?A.Toevaluateasummercamp. B.Topromotepre-collegeprograms.C.Torecommenduniversitycourses. D.Tointroducecollegelearningprojects.BInearly2018,IwastrainingfortheLondonMarathon—thefirstandonlymarathonIwouldeverruninmylife.Ihadtreatedmyselftoanexpensivefitnesswatchthattrackedmytime,paceandsplits.Attheendofmyfinaltrainingrun—anexhausting21miles(34km)—IthrewmyselfdownonthefloorthemomentIgothome,onlytoseemywatchhadfailedme.Twenty-onemilesbrieflyflashedonthescreenbeforeitwentblankanddisappearedforever.Iscreamedinpain.Thattragicimageofmecryingonmylivingroomfloorprettymuchsumsupmyrelationshipwithexercisetrackingtechnology.Itcanbeatotaljoytowatchyourdatachangeonrunningappsasyougetstrongerandfaster.Ioncegotakickoutofit,butatsomepointitbecameastickIusedtopunishmyself.Iwouldwatchmypace,compareitwithotherpeople’sorcriticizemyselffornotdoingit30secondsfaster.Ineverreallyrecognizedexercisetrackingasaproblem.Itseemedtomethattrackingwastheroutetoself-improvement,andthepointwastoimprove,wasn’tit?Thepointwastobebetter.Inthepastyear,theconceptof“beingbetter”hastakenonadifferentmeaning.Mymentalhealthdropped,andthingsthatwereonceeasysuchasbrushingmyteethbecameunimaginablydifficult.Beingbetterstoppedmeaninggettingfasterorstronger.Itmeanttakingcareofmyselfandfeelingsomejoyinaday.OnceIstartedgettingbetter,Ireflectedonwhatinmylifemademehappyandwhatdidnot.So,Istoppedtrackingmyrunsandsimplydeletedyears’worthofdatathatwasonceveryimportanttomeandnowmeantnothing.WhathasbecomeverycleartomesinceIquittrackingmyrunsisthatIgenuinelylovedoingthem.Irunaroundmylocalparkwithasillylittlesmileonmyface.Iloveitsomuch.ButIdonotloverunningquickly.Idonotlikeraces.Idonotwanttobepushedtobefaster.ThingsInoticeaboutmyrunsnowinclude:howmylegsfeelandhowmymindfeelsafterwards-clearandfocused.Inoticedogs,thesmellofthewildplantsalongthecanalandthesunshine(OK,windandrain)onmyface.Iambetter.OrsometimesIamworse.ButeitherwayI’mslowlyploddingalong,andthat’sgoodenough.24.Theauthorcriedafterthefinaltrainingrunbecauseshe________.A.hadtostopworkingout B.becamephysicallywornoutC.lostthedataonthewatch D.feltasharppaininthelegs25.Theauthorusedtoviewexercisetrackingas________.A.afunhobbyforenjoyment B.astrongneedforrecognitionC.amethodofescapingpunishment D.awayofbeingabetterrunner26.Whatdoes“beingbetter”meantotheauthornow?A.Gettingpleasureoutofwinningraces. B.Beingmorefocusedonherlifegoal.C.Freeingherselffromdemandingtasks. D.Improvingheroverallwell-being.27.Whatcanweconcludefromthispassage?A.Adjustmentbringshappiness. B.Passionisthekeytosuccess.C.Sportscontributetohappiness. D.Successequalsself-improvement.CAshighereducationleadersdivedeeperintotheconversationonDigitalTransformationandEducation4.0,theyarealsolearninghowtoincorporatetheDigitalTwinsrealmconceptintotheircurricula,becauseDigitalTwintechnologycanservetheuniversityofthefuture.ADigitalTwinisavirtualrepresentationofarealobjectorsystemwhichisupdatedfromreal-timedataandusesmachinelearning,simulation(模擬),andreasoningtohelpdecision-making.Inotherwords,aDigitalTwincancreateahighlycomplexvirtualmodelwhichistheexactreplicaofaphysicalthing.Connectedsensorsonasmartcampuscancollectdatainrealtime.Thisdataisusedtocreateamapontothevirtualmodel,thuscreatingaDigitalTwinofacampus.WhenschooladministratorslookattheDigitalTwin,theycanseecrucialinformationabouthowtherealcampusisdoing.TheapplicationsforDigitalTwintechnologydonotstopthere.Studentsandfacultycanbenefitfromusingthetechnologyaswell.Forexample,hybridclassroomshavebecomemoreandmorecommonnowadays.Digitaltechnologieshaveacceleratedthetransitionintotheuniversityofthefuture.DigitalTwintechnology,oneofthetrendingtechnologiesrelatedtoIndustry4.0,helpsfacultycreatesimulationmodelsbasedoncourserequirements.DigitalTwintechnologymakestheultimateimmersivelearningexperiencepossible.ByusingaDigitalTwin,studentscanlearnhighlyengagingtaskswhichcanbetoodangerous,complex,orexpensivefortheclassroom.Ratherthanhands-onlaboratorydissectionofaphysicalfrogtolearnanimalscienceorhavingtowaitforavailablehumanorgansinthehealthsciencelah,medicalstudentscanusethevirtualtwinofananimalorhumanorgansfortheirstudy.Thecomplexityofchemistryormicrobiologyrequiresstudentstobetotallyengaged.ByusingDigitalTwinsinaVirtualRealitysimulatedlearningexperience,facultycanachieveamaximumlevelofengagementhelpingeachstudentlearnabstractconceptsintheirownuniquewayandmuchfaster.Byrunningsimulations,studentscanbetterexploresystembehaviorunderdifferentconditions,understandfailureanddevelopanunderstandingofsystemsensibilitiesaswellashowchangesinthesystemparameters(參數(shù))andexternaldisruptionsmakeanimpactontheresults.Someuniversities,suchasStanfordandCopenhagenSchoolofMarineEngineering,haveincorporatedDigitalTwintechnologyintotheirteachingcurricula,applyingittodisciplineslikearchitectureandengineeringastheybelievetheyaretherealityoftheindustry.Overall,thisenhancesstudentmotivation,acceleratesunderstanding,andimprovestheoveralllearningexperience.Moreover,theindustryencouragesuniversitiestoincorporateeducationalDigitalTwinsinautomationtogivestudentstheinitialunderstandingoftoolsandskillstheywillneedintheirfuture.28.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph2thatDigitalTwins________.A.remainaconcept B.arevirtualcopiesofrealobjectsC.representfutureeducation D.canoperatecampusesremotely29.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmighttheauthoragreewith?A.Education4.0facilitatesthedevelopmentofDigitalTwins.B.Newtechnologyposespotentialthreatstocollegeteachers.C.DigitalTwintechnologyinhighereducationisonthehorizon.D.VirtualclassroomshavegrowninpopularityunderIndustry4.0.30.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?A. B. C. D.DTheideathatweneedtoeatmeattogetenoughproteinandiron,afalseassumptionofsomePaleodiet(原始飲食)advocates,isacommonmisconception.Itignorestheabundanceofproteinandironinmanyplant-basedfoodssuchasnutsandseeds.Likewise,whilewetypicallyassociateomega-3fattyacidswithfish,fishthemselvesincorporatetheseintotheirtissuebyeatingseaweed,whichwecanconsumedirectlywithouttheconcernsofexposuretomicroplasticsinfishflesh.Indeed,awhole-food,plant-baseddietcanprovideallessentialnutrientsexceptforvitaminB12,madebybacteriainsoilandingestedbyanimals,therebyincorporatedintotheirtissue,milk,andeggs.Whilemodernsanitationallowshumanstoconsumecleanproduceunpollutedbydirt,wecaneasilyandcheaplyobtainoralB12supplements.Evidently,significantlyreducingourconsumptionofmeatwouldcarryvastbenefits.Cardiovasculardiseaseremainstheleadingcauseofdeatharoundtheworld.Eatinghighlyprocessedfoodsandredmeathasbeenrepeatedlydemonstratedtopromoteunderlyingmechanismsofcancerandcardiovasculardisease,suchasinflammation(炎癥)anddamagetotheliningofbloodvessels(血管).Mountingevidencepointstothebenefitsofawhole-food,plant-baseddiet.Studiesfrom2017foundthatavegetariandietisassociatedwitha25percentrelativeriskreductionforcoronaryheartdiseaseandan8percentrelativeriskreductionforcancer,withavegandietrelatedtoa15percentrelativeriskreductionforcancer.TheWorldHealthOrganizationhasclassifiedprocessedmeatascarcinogenic(致癌的),and(unprocessed)redmeatasprobablycarcinogenictohumans.Inadditiontoharmingourselves,eatingmeatharmsothers.Factoryfarmingpracticesoftenentailunspeakablecrueltytoanimals,andworkingconditionsforhumanlaborersareoftenunsafeandinhumaneaswell.Overcrowdingoflivestockandworkerspromotesthespreadofdiseaseamongbothpeopleandanimals,puttingusallatriskforfuturepandemics.Theoveruseof“routine”antibiotics(抗生素)toaccelerateanimalgrowthandprecautiouslytreattheinfectionsanticipatedasaresultoflivinginuncleanandovercrowdedconditionscanpromoteantibioticresistance.Whilelarge-scale,well-coordinatednationalandinternationalactionisundoubtedlyneededtofightunscrupulousfactoryfarmingpractices-andtoensuretheavailabilityofnutritiousandhealthyfoodforallcitizens,thosewithgreaterinfluence,suchasphysicians,educatorsandpolicymakers,shouldconsidertheimportanceofactingasrolemodelsforhealthybehaviorsthemselvesaswellasadvocatingforpoliciesthatensurebetternutritionalaccessandeducationforothers.Alloftheseshouldnotbeexcusesforindividualstoresistimplementingchangeintheirownlivesandcommunities.Societieschangewhenenoughindividualswithinthemaltertheirbehavior,anditisuptoeachofustoactasachangeagentinwhatevercapacitywecan.Wewouldallbewellservedtopullthisleverinourownlivesaswell.31.Theauthorwritesthefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyto________.A.showtheconcernsofPaleodietadvocatesB.comparethedifferencesbetweentwodietsC.highlighttheimportanceofnutritionintakeD.pointoutamisunderstandinginnutritionsource32.Whichofthefollowinglogicchainsisreasonableaccordingtothepassage?A.B.C.D.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unscrupulous”inParagraph6probablymean?A.Illegal. B.Unfair. C.Immoral. D.Unnecessary.34.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AMeatlessDietIsBetterforYou B.FoodProblemsCallforJointEffortsC.SayNotoProcessedMeatConsumption D.EatableGreensorNot?ThatIsaQuestion第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Wehumansarecomparisoncreatures.____35____Thisqualitymayhaveevolvedasameansofhelpingusfitintothesocialhierarchy(等級(jí))oftheculturesweinhabited.Regardlessofthereasons,socialcomparisonplaysasignificantroleinhowweviewandevaluateourselves,andhowweinteractwithourworld.Itusedtobethatourprimaryreferenceofcomparisonwasourlocalcommunities,primarilyneighborsandco-workers.Becausewetendtogatheraroundthosesimilartoourselvesintermsofeducationallevel,workincome,andsharedinterests,therangeofdifferenceswhenwecomparedourselvestootherswasfairlysmall.Unfortunately,withtheemergenceoftheInternet,wecannowcompareourselvestoliterallyanyoneintheworld.____36____Whathadinpreviousgenerationsbeenasmallgapinourcomparisonshasnowbecomesolargeandunattainable.____37____WhensomanypeoplethatareeasilydiscoverableontheInternetseemtobesosuccessful.famous,influentialandbeautiful,givenourpreferencetocompare,itisdifficultnottohaveitinfluencehowweviewourselves.Sadly,thesecomparisonsusuallyresultinourfeelinginadequateand“l(fā)essthan”.Theseharmfulcomparisonsalsodamageouremotionallives.Whenwefeellacking,weexperienceavarietyofunpleasantandunhealthyemotions.Wefeeljealousyandenvyforwhatothershaveandwhatwelack.____38____It’sonethingtorealizethatyoucompareyourselftoothers.It’sanotherthingtorecognizethatsocialcomparisonisoftencorrosive(逐步侵蝕的)toyouinsomanywayspsychologicallyandemotionally.It’sanentirelyotherthingtostopyourselffromcomparingyourselftoothers.____39____A.Weareconstantlymeasuringourselvesagainstotherpeople.B.Yetitispossible,anditisworththeeffortforyourmentalhealth.C.Thus,wearenowexposedtogroupsthatarequitedifferentfromus.D.Webelievethatthereissomethingwrongwithuscomparedtoothers.E.Wecanevenfeelbitternessandangeratothersfortheunfairnessofitall.F.Comparingourselvestoothershasthepotentialtoincreaseourlifeexperience.G.Thisnewlevelofcomparisonhashugeimplicationsforourpsychologicallives.第三部分書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié),32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第40、41題各2分,第42題3分,第43題5分,共12分)閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Egocentrismistheinabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandanyperspectiveotherthanone’sown.Tothosewhoareegocentric,therearetwotypesofopinions:“mineandthewrongones”.Egocentrismisveryunpleasant.Sufferingfromit,peopleoftenfindthemselvesinasituationofconflictorlonelinessbecausetheydonotrecognizetherightsofotherstotheirpersonalfeelings,desires,andinterests.Theyalsofailtolookatcircumstancesfromtheotherperson’sside.Humanitymustovercomeittoseeaholistic(全面的)pictureoftheworldandobjectivelyassesssituations.Itisessentialtobeafair-mindedindividualsinceegocentrismisaqualitythatisnoteasytolivewith,makingithardforustointeractwithpeopleandmoveforward.Actually,overcomingthisdisturbingqualityhasalwaysbeenmypursuit.Themaingoalinmylifeisbasedonthesearchforinnerbalance,harmony,positivity,andtherightattitudetolifecases.Thus,Iwillbeabletoimprovemylifeandhelpotherpeopleinthepracticeofthisaspect.Moreover,Ioftenremindmyselftoacceptdifferencesandrememberthatacorrectattitudetodifferentpersonalities,theirpreferences,andinterestsleadstosuccessinanytasks.Theformationanddevelopmentofafairmindcanbepracticedalmosteverywhere.Forexample,inagrocerystore,weneedtoputourselvesintheplaceoftheseller’sandshouldnotimmediatelytakeoffenseandarguewhenwearegivenanunripebananaorburntbread.Itisimportanttorememberthatasellerisnotobligedtoplayalongatall;thisisthesamepersonwithhisuniquenature.Noteveryoneagreeswitheveryoneelse,butifyouabsolutelyrefusetoconsideranotherperson’sperspective,that’swhenegocentrismbecomesaseriousconcern.Sowhynottrytocorrectthisbehaviorandbemorefair-minded?40.Whatisegocentrism?________________________________________________________________________________________41.Whydoesegocentrismoftenleadtoconflicts?________________________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Egocentrismbecomesaproblemwhensomeonedoesn’tagreewithothers.________________________________________________________________________________________43.Pleaseshareoneofyourownexperiencesaboutyourpracticingbeingfair-minded.(Inabout40words)_______________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(20分)44.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華。你校將在春節(jié)期間舉行中外學(xué)生聯(lián)歡會(huì)。請(qǐng)你用英文寫一封郵件通知交換生，內(nèi)容包括：1.目的與安排；2.報(bào)名方式。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Dearfriends,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Sincerely,LiHua

參考答案第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.B5.C6.D7.A8.D9.B10.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。作者在一所高中教健身概念，一次在與一名高級(jí)跳高運(yùn)動(dòng)員DavidGale的交談中，作者承諾他如果他打破學(xué)校記錄，作者會(huì)將他的名字寫在墻上，隨后DavidGale打破了記錄，作者也信守承諾將他的名字寫在墻上。隨后更多學(xué)生以將自己的名字寫在墻上為動(dòng)力取得了很多成就?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一節(jié)課結(jié)束時(shí)，我與一位高級(jí)跳高運(yùn)動(dòng)員大衛(wèi)·蓋爾（DavidGale）聊了聊如何提高他的表現(xiàn)并且聊了動(dòng)機(jī)如何在一個(gè)人的成就中發(fā)揮重要作用。A.health健康；B.performance表演；表現(xiàn)；C.talent天賦；D.knowledge知識(shí)。由上文“Backin2008,IwasteachingConceptsofFitnessinahighschool.”可知，作者在一所高中教健身概念，應(yīng)該是和這位高級(jí)跳高運(yùn)動(dòng)員討論如何提高他的表現(xiàn)。故選B?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我不確定他的熱情和決心，停頓了一會(huì)兒，但隨后答應(yīng)我會(huì)把他的名字寫在我們教室的墻上。A.proud驕傲的；B.afraid害怕的；C.certain確定的；D.fond喜歡的。由下文“Ipausedforamoment,”可知，作者停頓了一會(huì)是因?yàn)椴淮_定這名學(xué)生想打破學(xué)校記錄的這種熱情和決心有多大，故選C?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：關(guān)于這個(gè)承諾，沒有再多說什么，直到兩周后，這位年輕的戰(zhàn)士臉上帶著燦爛的笑容跑進(jìn)了教室。A.promise承諾；B.record記錄；C.suggestion建議；D.news新聞。上文“Ipausedforamoment,butthenpromisedthatIwouldpainthisnameonthewallofourclassroom”提到作者答應(yīng)將DavidGale的名字寫在墻上，由此可知，此處指關(guān)于這個(gè)承諾，沒有再多說什么，promise是同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選A。【4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我做到了！我打破了紀(jì)錄！”當(dāng)我仍在收集信息以回憶我對(duì)他的承諾時(shí)，他喊道。A.describe描寫；B.recall回想；C.explain解釋；D.picture設(shè)想。第二段中“Ipausedforamoment,butthenpromisedthatIwouldpainthisnameonthewallofourclassroom.”提到之前作者答應(yīng)這名學(xué)生如果他打破了學(xué)校記錄作者會(huì)把他的名字寫在墻上，所以當(dāng)他說自己打破記錄時(shí)，作者在回想自己對(duì)他說過的這一承諾，故選B?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我和他一起擊掌慶祝。A.encouraging鼓勵(lì)；B.admiring欽佩；C.congratulating祝賀；D.greeting打招呼。由上文““Ididit!Ibroketherecord!””和“Ijoinedinwiththehigh-fivesandfistbumps”可知，當(dāng)DavidGale說自己打破學(xué)校記錄時(shí)，作者和他擊掌祝賀他打破記錄，故選C?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，他的教練說，這面墻是打破紀(jì)錄的動(dòng)力之一。A.excitement興奮；B.confidence自信；C.creativity創(chuàng)造力；D.motivation動(dòng)機(jī)。由第一段提到的“howmotivationplayedanimportantroleinone’sachievement”和下文“Manyfolksadmittedtheywouldnothave_________whattheydidifthewallhadn’tbeenpartofthereward.”可知，這面墻給了很多人鼓勵(lì)，是他們?nèi)〉贸晒Φ膭?dòng)力，由此可知，此處指這面墻是DavidGale打破學(xué)校記錄的動(dòng)力之一，故選D。【7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：許多學(xué)生，甚至是其他班級(jí)的學(xué)生，看到墻上的名字，詢問如何也可以考慮將他們列入墻上。A.inquired詢問；B.expected期待；C.insisted堅(jiān)持；D.doubted懷疑。由上文“Manystudents,evenfromotherclasses,sawthenameonthewall”可知，其他班級(jí)的學(xué)生看到墻上的姓名后，詢問該如何能將自己的名詞也寫在墻上，故選A?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于反響巨大，我不得不在墻上添加更多的名字，在接下來的十年里，墻上出現(xiàn)了100多個(gè)名字。A.fort堡壘；B.experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)；C.stress壓力；D.response回復(fù)；反響。由下文“Ihadtoaddmorenamestothewall,andmorethan100namesappearedthereinthefollowing10years.”可知，墻上有了更多名字，這說明更多人愿意將自己的名字寫在墻上，即這件事反響很大，故選D?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：許多人承認(rèn)，如果沒有這面墻作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，他們就不會(huì)取得今天的成就。A.adjusted調(diào)整；B.achieved實(shí)現(xiàn)；C.examined檢查；D.displayed展示。由下文“whattheydidifthewallhadn’tbeenpartofthereward”和上文提到的DavidGale了打破學(xué)校記錄后作者將他的名字寫在墻上，由此可知，取得成就的人可以將名字寫在墻上，故此處指沒有這面墻作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，那些名字寫在墻上的人就不會(huì)取得今天的成就，故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：更重要的是，所有走出舒適區(qū)的人都提高了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。A.pace步伐；B.stage舞臺(tái)；C.bar酒吧，障礙，限制；D.tone語氣。由上文“Moreimportantly,allthosewhosteppedfarbeyondtheircomfortzonehelpedsetthe”以及上文提到的許多人以這面墻作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，取得了很多成就可知，這些取得成就的人走出舒適區(qū)，設(shè)立了更高的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，取得了成就，setthebar固定搭配，意為“設(shè)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或期望”，故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)【答案】11.what12.tomake13.struggling14.applied【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了馬克在開車途中遇到警察在追捕犯人，于是幫助警察制服嫌疑人的故事?！?1題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：當(dāng)馬克開車去他訓(xùn)練和做志愿者的武術(shù)館時(shí)，他看到了警察看起來像是在追捕什么。引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句缺少主語，指事情應(yīng)用what。故填what?！?2題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：馬克從車?yán)锾顺鰜恚砻髁俗约旱纳矸?，并闡明了他要以二對(duì)一的方式幫助警察的意圖。短語intentiontodosth.表示“做某事的意圖”。故填tomake?！?3題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：然后，當(dāng)警察努力控制那名男子的上半身時(shí)，馬克把他的體重壓在了那名男子的腿上。此處為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，officer與struggle構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。故填struggling?！?4題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：馬克立即用一個(gè)武術(shù)動(dòng)作來控制他的肩膀和上半身。結(jié)合上文可知，事情發(fā)生在過去，用一般過去時(shí)。故填applied?！敬鸢浮?5.recycled16.production17.where【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了玻璃回收已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)巨大的產(chǎn)業(yè)，以至于回收的玻璃數(shù)量無法滿足新玻璃的生產(chǎn)需求。美國的一些州試圖解決這一問題，希望通過提供金錢獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)來鼓勵(lì)玻璃的生產(chǎn)，而不是塑料?！?5題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：玻璃回收已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)巨大的產(chǎn)業(yè)，以至于回收的玻璃數(shù)量無法滿足新玻璃的生產(chǎn)需求。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知recycle與邏輯主語glass構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作定語。故填recycled。【16題詳解】考查名詞。句意：美國的一些州試圖解決這一問題，希望通過提供金錢獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)來鼓勵(lì)玻璃的生產(chǎn)，而不是塑料。作動(dòng)詞的賓語，應(yīng)用名詞production，不可數(shù)。故填production?！?7題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：例如，加州有一個(gè)特殊的計(jì)劃，你可以賺5美分，大多數(shù)玻璃瓶，塑料和鋁罐少于24盎司。定語從句修飾先行詞program，在從句作地點(diǎn)狀語，故填where?！敬鸢浮?8.their19.to20.areused【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了美國旅游業(yè)的特點(diǎn)以及問題?！?8題詳解】考查代詞。句意：人們不會(huì)只是出現(xiàn)，花完錢就離開。修飾名詞money應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞their。故填their。【19題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：所以越來越多的人被吸引到這個(gè)地方，越來越多的房子為他們建造。短語beattractedto表示“被吸引”。故填to?！?0題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：來自旅游業(yè)的稅收首先用于解決旅游業(yè)造成的問題。主語與與謂語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且陳述事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語為Thetaxes，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。故填areused。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分,共28分)【答案】21.A22.B23.