河南省鄭州市十校2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考英語試題 含解析

2024-2025學(xué)年上期高一年級(jí)期中聯(lián)考試題英語學(xué)科考試時(shí)間：120分鐘分值：150分注意事項(xiàng)：本試卷分試題卷和答題卡兩部分，考生應(yīng)首先閱讀答題卡上的文字信息，然后在答題卡上作答(答題注意事項(xiàng)見答題卡)，在試題卷上作答無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5個(gè)小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一道小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15．B．￡9.18．C．￡9.15.答案是C。1．Whatcolorwasthejacketthemanworeyesterday?A．Blue.B．Black.C．Green.2．Howmuchdoesabusticketcosttoday?A．￡1.50．B．￡3.00．C．￡4.00.3．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Husbandandwife.B．Nurseandpatient.C．Teacherandstudent.4．Wheredidthespeakersprobablymeetlasttime?A．Atasalesconference.B．Atarestaurant.C．Atthesalesdepartment.5．Whatdidthewomandrop?A．Abusticket.B．Hermobilephone.C．Somemoney.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題。每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6和第7兩個(gè)小題。6．Whatarethespeakerstryingtodo?A．Haveameeting.B．Planaholiday.C．Arrangeforadinner.7．Whatwillthewomandonext?A．Callhersecretary.B．Checkhertime.C．FlytoItaly.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8和第9兩個(gè)小題。8．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Visitingneighbor’shome.B．Takingupanewhobby.C．Planninganewhome.9．Whatisprobablytheman’shobby?A．Skateboarding.B．Playingtheguitar.C．Running.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第10至第12三個(gè)小題。10．Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A．ChangeanewTV.B．CanceltheTVservice.C．AddmoreTVchannels.11．Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A．WatchinglessTV.B．Keepingmorechannels.C．Tryingacheaperpackage.12．Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman’shusband?A．Hehaslosthisjob.B．HeseldomwatchesTV.C．Heworksinafirestation.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第13至第16四個(gè)小題。13．Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A．Whytobuyausedcar.B．Howtochooseausedcar.C．Wheretobuyausedcar.14．Howdidthemangethislastusedcar?A．OntheeBay.B．Fromafriend.C．Inacarmarket.15．Wherewillthewomanfindthelargestselectionofcarsinoneplace?A．Craigslist.B．CarMax.C．eBay.16．Whatisthebesttimetocheckcarinformationonthenoticeboard?A．Wintervacation.B．Springvacation.C．Graduationseason.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至第20四個(gè)小題。17．Whoisprobablyintroducingthemuseum?A．Aguide.B．AnAIrobot.C．Apilot.18．Whatspecialactivityisprovidedthisyear?A．Aflyingexperience.B．Afreemuseumtour.C．Alectureonplanes.19．Whatdoesthespeakeradvisevisitorstodo?A．Flyplanesonweekdays.B．Gotothecountryside.C．Bookplanetripsinadvance.20．Whatcanwelearnaboutthemuseum?A．It’snotfarfromavillage.B．Itonlyopensonweekends.C．It’sthesmallestmuseuminEurope.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAreyoulookingforsomeclubsuitableforyouintheseniorhighschool?Herearesomeintroductionsofpopularclubs.SpeechClubDoyouenjoytalking?Doyouthinkyoucanbeafuturelawyer?Tryoutfortheschool’sspeechteam.Notonlywillyoumeetpeopleandmakenewfriends,you’llalsogettopracticepublicspeaking,avaluable,importanttoolthatyouwilluseateverystageofyourlife.Byresearching,talkingabout,anddebatinghot-buttonpolitical,social,cultural,andenvironmenttopics,youwillalsobecomemoreawareandup-to-dateoncurrentevents.BandClubAreyouinabandinjuniorhigh?Ifso,youprobablyrememberalwayshangingaroundwithyourmusicalbuddies(同伴).Ifyouhaven’tjoinedoneofthesethreehighschoolclubsyet,youshould!Thebeautyofthesethreeclassesisthatthey’renotmerelyfineartselectives(選修課),they’realsoclubs!Mosthighschoolbandsgiveshows,andevengoontripstoDisneyland.Notsure?DidImentionthatstudiesshowthatstudentswithmusiceducationtendtoreceivehighergrades?Youreaditright.RedCrossClubIfyouareinterestedinthemedicalfieldorplanningtotakeacombinedM.D.program,perhapsyoushouldconsiderjoiningyourschool’sAmericanRedCrossClub.AspartofthehighschoolclubworkingwiththelocalRedCrosschapter,youcanbecomealifeguard,learnhowtoperformCPR,orbecomeatrainedinstructorwhoteachesothers.LanguageClubsAreyouanativeSpanish,French,orGermanspeaker?Ormaybeyoujustreallyliketheforeignlanguageclass!Eitherway,youshouldconsiderjoiningyourschool’slanguageclubsandlearnanewlanguageduringyourpastime.Spanish,FrenchandGermanclubsputonseveralcharityandculturaleventsthroughouttheacademic(學(xué)術(shù))year.Youcouldbehelpingothersinneed,andmakingnewfriendsallatthesametime!1.Whatwouldbethebestchoiceifyoudreamofbecomingalawyer?A.SpeechClub. B.BandClub. C.RedCrossClub. D.LanguageClubs.2.WhatisthebenefitofjoiningBandClub?A.Itimprovesstudents’grades. B.Itmakesstudents’speakingabilitybetter.C.Itenablesstudentstobeawareofnewevents. D.Ithelpsstudentstolearnhowtousemedicalfacilities.3.WhatdoRedCrossClubandLanguageClubshaveincommon?A.Theybothcanmakenewfriends.B.Theyallowyoutosupportpeopleinneed.C.Theymakeyouamanofmanygiftsandlanguages.D.Theycanhelpyoutobeapersonwithfirstaidknowledge.【答案】1.A2.A3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了學(xué)校四個(gè)俱樂部的情況以及參加的好處?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Doyouthinkyoucanbeafuturelawyer?Tryoutfortheschool’sspeechteam.(你認(rèn)為你將來能成為一名律師嗎？參加學(xué)校演講隊(duì)的選拔)”可知，如果你夢(mèng)想成為一名律師，最好的選擇是演講俱樂部。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“DidImentionthatstudiesshowthatstudentswithmusiceducationtendtoreceivehighergrades?(我有沒有提到，研究表明，接受過音樂教育的學(xué)生往往會(huì)取得更高的成績(jī)？)”可知，加入樂隊(duì)俱樂部的好處是能提高學(xué)生的成績(jī)。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“AspartofthehighschoolclubworkingwiththelocalRedCrosschapter,youcanbecomealifeguard,learnhowtoperformCPR,orbecomeatrainedinstructorwhoteachesothers.(作為與當(dāng)?shù)丶t十字會(huì)分會(huì)合作的高中俱樂部的一員，你可以成為一名救生員，學(xué)習(xí)如何進(jìn)行心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)，或者成為一名訓(xùn)練有素的教練，教別人)”以及最后一段“Youcouldbehelpingothersinneed,andmakingnewfriendsallatthesametime!(你可以幫助需要幫助的人，同時(shí)結(jié)交新朋友！)”可知，紅十字會(huì)和語言俱樂部的共同之處是都允許你幫助有需要的人。故選B。BIwasstandinginthecheckoutlinebehindawomanwholookedtobeinher60s.Whenitwasherturntopay,thesalesgirlgreetedherbynameandaskedherhowshewasdoing.Thewomanlookeddown,shookherheadandsaid:“Notsogood.Myhusbandjustlosthisjobandmysonisuptohisoldtricksagain.Thetruthis,Idon’tknowhowI’mgoingtogetthroughtheholidays.”Thenshegavethesalesgirlfoodstamps.Myheartached.Iwantedtohelpbutdidn’tknowhow.ShouldIoffertopayforherfood,oraskforherhusband’sresume(簡(jiǎn)歷)?AsIwalkedintotheparkinglot,Ifoundthewomanreturninghershoppingcart.IrememberedsomethinginmypursethatIthoughtcouldhelpher.Itwasn’tahandfulofcashoranofferofajobforherhusband,butmaybeitwouldmakeherlifebetter.MyheartwasbeatingfastasIcameneartothewoman.“Excuseme,”Isaid,myvoicetremblingabit.“Icouldn’thelpoverhearingwhatyousaidtothesalesgirl.Itsoundslikeyou’regoingthroughareallyhardtimerightnow.I’msosorry.I’dliketogiveyousomething.”Ihandedherthesmallcardfrommypurse.Whenthewomanreadthecard’sonlytwowords,shebegantocry.Andthroughhertears,shesaid:“Youhavenoideahowmuchthismeanstome.”Iwasalittlestartledbyherreply.Havingneverdoneanythinglikethisbefore,Ididn’tknowwhatkindofreactionImightreceive.AllIcouldthinktosaywas:“WoulditbeOKtogiveyouahug?”AfterweembracedIwalkedbacktomycar-andbegantocrytoo.Thewordsonthecard?“YouMatter.”Afewweeksearlier,afriendofminegavemeasimilarcardasencouragementforaprojectIwasworkingon.WhenIreadthecard,Ifeltawarmglowspreadinsideofme.Deeplytouched,IorderedmyownboxofYouMattercardsandstartedsharingthem.4.Whatcanbelearnedfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?A.Thewomanandherfamilywerehavingahardtime.B.Thewoman’sfamilymainlydependedonherhusband.C.Thesalesgirlhelpedthewomanbygivinghersomefoodforfree.D.Theauthorwonderedwhythesalesgirlwasfamiliarwiththewoman.5.Whydidthewomancrywhenshegotthecard?A.Itgreatlyencouragedher. B.Itboughtmuchfoodforher.C.Itcouldsolveherpresentproblem. D.Itcouldhelpherhusbandtofindajob.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“startled”inParagraph10probablymean?A.Interested. B.Grateful. C.Ashamed. D.Surprised.7.Whatwordcanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Confident. B.Kind-hearted.C.Strong-willed. D.Knowledgeable.【答案】4.A5.A6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者在收銀隊(duì)伍里聽到一位女士過得很艱難，于是遞上了安慰卡片，鼓舞了對(duì)方?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Notsogood.Myhusbandjustlosthisjobandmysonisuptohisoldtricksagain.Thetruthis,Idon’tknowhowI’mgoingtogetthroughtheholidays.(不太好。我丈夫剛失業(yè)，我兒子又故技重施了。事實(shí)上，我不知道我要怎么度過這個(gè)假期)”可知，這個(gè)女人和她的家人過得很艱難。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第六段“Whenthewomanreadthecard’sonlytwowords,shebegantocry.Andthroughhertears,shesaid:“Youhavenoideahowmuchthismeanstome.”(當(dāng)女人讀到卡片上僅有的兩個(gè)字時(shí)，她哭了起來。她流著淚說：“你不知道這對(duì)我來說有多重要?！?”及最后一段中“Afewweeksearlier,afriendofminegavemeasimilarcardasencouragementforaprojectIwasworkingon.(幾周前，我的一個(gè)朋友給了我一張類似的卡片，作為對(duì)我正在做的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目的鼓勵(lì))”可知，女人收到卡片時(shí)哭了因?yàn)檫@極大地鼓舞了她。故選A。【6題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“Havingneverdoneanythinglikethisbefore,Ididn’tknowwhatkindofreactionImightreceive.AllIcouldthinktosaywas:“WoulditbeOKtogiveyouahug?”(我從來沒有做過這樣的事情，我不知道我可能會(huì)得到什么樣的反應(yīng)。我唯一能想到的就是：“能不能給你一個(gè)擁抱？”)”可知，作者從來沒有做過這樣的事情，因此對(duì)對(duì)方的反應(yīng)感到吃驚。故劃線詞意思是“吃驚的”。故選D。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段““Excuseme,”Isaid,myvoicetremblingabit.“Icouldn’thelpoverhearingwhatyousaidtothesalesgirl.Itsoundslikeyou’regoingthroughareallyhardtimerightnow.I’msosorry.I’dliketogiveyousomething.”(“對(duì)不起，”我說，聲音有些顫抖?！拔覠o意中聽到了你對(duì)女售貨員說的話。聽起來你現(xiàn)在正經(jīng)歷一段非常艱難的時(shí)期。我很抱歉。我想給你一些東西?！?”可知，作者看到他人過得很艱難，遞給了對(duì)方安慰卡片，說明作者很善良。故選B。CHowmuchdoyouloveanimals?MaybenotasmuchasphotographerJoelSartore.Heistravelingtheworldtotakepicturesofasmanyanimalsashecanfind,whichallowspeopletofocusonthebeautyanduniquenessofeachanimal.Sartoreisworkingtotakephotosofall20,000differenttypesofanimalslivingintheworld’szoos,aquariums(水族館)andwildlifeshelters.Andhehasalreadytakennearly15,000!Hehopeshisphotoswillremindpeopleofthesituationtheseplanet’smostendangeredcreaturesarein,andthathecanrecordthembeforethey’regone.“Myjobistotelltheirstoriesandhopethattheworldcaresintime,”hetoldTheWeatherChannelin2023.SartorecallshisprojectthePhotoArk,likethestoryofNoah’sArk,inwhichalargeboatisbuilttosaveeverytypeofanimalintheworldfromaflood.HefoundedthePhotoArkin2016inhishometownofLincoln,Nebraska.Hedoesn’tjusttakehisanimalphotosintheusualzooenvironment,however.Heputseachanimalonablackorwhitebackgroundwithstudiolights.Thishelpshimphotographtheirtruecolors,andletspeopleseealittlemouseasclearlyasabigelephantandlookeachanimalrightintheeye.“Whenpeopleconnecttoanimalsthrougheyecontact,wehavegotarealchanceatchanginghumanbehavior,”Sartoresays.Theprojecthasbeenwellreceived.Sartorehasmorethan1.6millionfollowersonlineandabest-sellingseriesofPhotoArkbooks.Heaskspeopletobuyhisbooksandphotos,givemoneytothePhotoArk,andsupportzoos,aquariumsandwildlifesheltersnearwheretheylive.8.WhatisthepurposeofSartore’sproject?A.Tohelpsellhisphotos. B.Tohelpsaveanimalsindanger.C.Tomeethisowninterestinanimals. D.Toofferanotherwaytolearnaboutanimals.9WhatcanbeknownaboutSartore’sphotosoftheanimalsinParagraph4?A.Theyareblackandwhite. B.Theyareaboutanimalsindanger.C.Theyaretakeninanaturalcondition. D.Theyaretakeninadesignedenvironment.10.Whatispeople’sattitudetowardsSartore’sproject?A.Unclear. B.Doubtful. C.Supportive. D.Negative.11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheProfileofaTravelingPhotographer.B.TheArtofStudioPhotographyforAnimals.C.SavingEndangeredSpecies:OnePhotoataTime.D.TheHistoryofNoah’sArkandAnimalProtection.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了攝影師喬爾·薩托雷為了保護(hù)瀕危動(dòng)物，在世界各地旅行，盡可能多地拍攝他能找到的動(dòng)物，這讓人們專注于每只動(dòng)物的美麗和獨(dú)特性。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Hehopeshisphotoswillremindpeopleofthesituationtheseplanet’smostendangeredcreaturesarein,andthathecanrecordthembeforethey’regone.(他希望他的照片能提醒人們這些地球上最瀕危的生物所處的處境，并在它們消失之前把它們記錄下來)”可知，Sartore這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的目的是挽救瀕危動(dòng)物。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Hedoesn’tjusttakehisanimalphotosintheusualzooenvironment,however.Heputseachanimalonablackorwhitebackgroundwithstudiolights.(然而，他不只是在通常的動(dòng)物園環(huán)境中拍攝動(dòng)物照片。他把每只動(dòng)物放在黑色或白色的背景上，用工作室的燈)”可知，薩托雷的動(dòng)物照片是在人造環(huán)境中拍攝的。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Sartorehasmorethan1.6millionfollowersonlineandabest-sellingseriesofPhotoArkbooks.Heaskspeopletobuyhisbooksandphotos,givemoneytothePhotoArk,andsupportzoos,aquariumsandwildlifesheltersnearwheretheylive.(薩托雷在網(wǎng)上有160多萬粉絲，并出版了一系列最暢銷的“影像方舟”叢書。他要求人們購(gòu)買他的書籍和照片，向“影像方舟”捐款，并支持他們居住地附近的動(dòng)物園、水族館和野生動(dòng)物庇護(hù)所)”可推知，人們對(duì)Sartore的項(xiàng)目持支持態(tài)度。故選C。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Sartoreisworkingtotakephotosofall20,000differenttypesofanimalslivingintheworld’szoos,aquariums(水族館)andwildlifeshelters.(薩托雷正在為生活在世界上動(dòng)物園、水族館和野生動(dòng)物收容所的所有2萬種不同類型的動(dòng)物拍照)”結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容主要說明了攝影師喬爾·薩托雷為了保護(hù)瀕危動(dòng)物，在世界各地旅行，盡可能多地拍攝他能找到的動(dòng)物，這讓人們專注于每只動(dòng)物的美麗和獨(dú)特性?？芍?，C選項(xiàng)“拯救瀕危物種：一次一張照片”最符合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選C。DHaveyoueverplayedacomputergameforalongtimeandthenkeptseeingthegame’simagesafterward?Thishappenedtomewiththeclassicshape-fallinggameTetris(俄羅斯方塊),createdin1985byAlexeyPajitnov.Feelingstressedoneevening,Iturnedonmyswitchtofindagametoplayandrelaxwith.That’swhenIdiscoveredTetris.BeforeIknewit,Iwasextremelyinterested.EvenwhenIstopped,mybrainwasstillplaying,withtheblocksfallinginmymind.Istartedlookingatobjectsintherealworldandthinkingabouthowtheycouldbemovedandstacked(堆疊)together.IevendreamedaboutTetris.Iwasexperiencingthecommon“Tetriseffect”.IntroducedbyjournalistJeffreyGoldsmithinhis1994WiredmagazinearticlecalledThisIsYourBrainonTetris,theeffecthasbeenobservedbypsychologists(心理學(xué)家)andresearchers.ThelastingimagesofTetrisareduetothe“Zeigarnikeffect”,inwhichpeoplehavebettermemoriesofuncompletedtasksthanthoseofcompletedones.Tetris,beingagamethattechnicallyneverends,keepsyouthinkingofthegame’sunfinishedtask,reportedTechTimes.Andthepleasantmusicstayswithyou,too.TherearealsopositivestotheTetrisEffect.Inhis1991study,psychologistRichardHaierattheUniversityofCaliforniafoundthatcontinuouslyplayingTetrisresultedinthethicknessofthecerebralcortex(大腦皮層)increasing,whichimprovesbrainfunction(功能),reportedpsychologywebsitePracticalPie.Tetrishasalsobeenresearchedforuseasatreatmentformentalsuffering.TheYaleScientificMagazinereportedthatresearchersatJohnRadcliffeHospitalinOxford,UK,foundthatplayingTetrisappearedtoreduceunpleasantmemoriesintheshorttermforpeopleaffectedbymotorvehicleaccidents.So,thenexttimeyouwanttoplayacomputergame,whynottrytheclassicTetrisandseeifitimprovesyourbrainfunction?Butbewarned,you’lllikelybeseeingfallingblockseverywhere.12.WhathappenedtotheauthorafterplayingthegameTetris?A.Hewasrelaxedcompletely. B.Hewasaddictedtoiteversince.C.Hesawsomefallingblockseverywhere. D.Hekeptthinkingaboutitevenafteritwasover.13.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthe“TetrisEffect”fromthetext?A.Itwasintroducedbyaresearcher. B.Itwascausedbythegame’smusic.C.Itisrelatedtothewayourmemoryworks. D.Itiscommonamongcomputergameplayers.14.WhatbenefitcanpeoplegetfromcontinuouslyplayingTetris,accordingtoHaier?A.Betterbrainfunction. B.Improvinghappiness.C.Reducingshortmemory. D.Comfortfrombadexperiences.15.Whatdoyouthinkoftheauthorinthelastparagraph?A.Serious. B.Humorous. C.Worried. D.Surprised.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要解釋了什么是“俄羅斯方塊效應(yīng)”以及對(duì)大腦的影響?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“EvenwhenIstopped,mybrainwasstillplaying,withtheblocksfallinginmymind.(甚至當(dāng)我停下來的時(shí)候，我的大腦還在玩，積木落在我的腦海里)”可知，作者在玩完《俄羅斯方塊》后發(fā)現(xiàn)即使事情結(jié)束了，他還在想這件事。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ThelastingimagesofTetrisareduetothe“Zeigarnikeffect”,inwhichpeoplehavebettermemoriesofuncompletedtasksthanthoseofcompletedones.(俄羅斯方塊的持久形象是由于“蔡格尼克效應(yīng)”，即人們對(duì)未完成任務(wù)的記憶比完成任務(wù)的記憶更好)”可知，“俄羅斯方塊效應(yīng)”與我們記憶的工作方式有關(guān)。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Inhis1991study,psychologistRichardHaierattheUniversityofCaliforniafoundthatcontinuouslyplayingTetrisresultedinthethicknessofthecerebralcortexincreasing,whichimprovesbrainfunction,reportedpsychologywebsitePracticalPie.(據(jù)心理學(xué)網(wǎng)站PracticalPie報(bào)道，加州大學(xué)的心理學(xué)家理查德·海爾在1991年的研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)，持續(xù)玩俄羅斯方塊會(huì)增加大腦皮層的厚度，從而改善大腦功能)”可知，根據(jù)海爾的說法，人們可以從持續(xù)玩俄羅斯方塊中獲得更好的大腦功能。故選A。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“So,thenexttimeyouwanttoplayacomputergame,whynottrytheclassicTetrisandseeifitimprovesyourbrainfunction?Butbewarned,you’lllikelybeseeingfallingblockseverywhere.(所以，下次你想玩電腦游戲的時(shí)候，為什么不試試經(jīng)典的俄羅斯方塊，看看它是否能改善你的大腦功能?但請(qǐng)注意，你可能會(huì)看到到處都是掉落的方塊)”可知，最后一段作者很幽默。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。NecessaryhikingsafetytipsforbeginnersNeverhikealoneonunknowntrailsOneofthekeyrulesofhikingsafetyistoavoidhikingaloneonunfamiliartrails(路線).___16___.Ifpossible,chooseexperiencedhikerstogowithyou.Theirknowledgeofthetrailcanbeinvaluableinkeepingyouandtheotherswithyousafeandontrack.AlwaysplanaheadPlanningaheadisalwaysimportant.___17___.Intermsofalongtripsafetytips,themostimportantadvicetorememberiscarefulplanning.ShareyourplansBeforeheadingoutonahike,makesuretoinformsomeoneoutsideyourhikinggroupaboutyourplannedrouteandschedule.Providedetailssuchasthetrailyou’llbetaking,yourexpectedreturntime,andanyemergencycontacts.___18___.NeverleavewithoutafirstaidkitDon’tpacklightjustbecauseyouaregoingonashorthike.Certainitemsshouldneverbemissingfromyourbackpack.Oneoftheseisafirstaidkit,butdoremember,anyhikingtripcangobad.___19___.Packingafirstaidkitallowsyoutotakequickactionincaseofinjury.Thiswayyoucankeepthesituationundercontrolbeforerescuersarrive,iftheyareneeded.___20___Don’ttrytoimpressothersanddon’tsetyourexpectationstoohigh.Startwithlowtomedium-difficultyshortertrailsandplanyourtripstoaimforfineweather.Evenexperiencedhikerscanhaveproblemsiftheylosefocus.Thisiswhy,asabeginnerinhiking,it’sreallyimportanttorememberthebasichikingsafetyrules.A.KnowyourownlimitsandsetyourownpaceB.YoucanalsotakeextramapsandguidesfromtheparkofficeC.Thisway,theycanhelpfindyouquicklyifsomethinggoeswrongD.Ifyouwanttostaysafe,it’simportanttoalwaysbereadyfortheworstE.Alwayshikewithafriendoragroup,especiallywhenyou’rejuststartingoutF.Thisistruewhetheryouaregoingonalongtriporaone-dayhikeinyourlocalareaG.Carryabackpackwithenoughfoodandwaterwhetherforalongtriporashorthike【答案】16.E17.F18.C19.D20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要為初學(xué)者提供了一些必要的徒步旅行安全提示。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Oneofthekeyrulesofhikingsafetyistoavoidhikingaloneonunfamiliartrails(路線).(徒步旅行安全的關(guān)鍵規(guī)則之一是避免在不熟悉的路線上獨(dú)自徒步旅行)”可知，上文提到要避免獨(dú)自徒步旅行，即要有人陪同一起。故E選項(xiàng)“一定要和朋友或一群人一起徒步旅行，尤其是當(dāng)你剛開始旅行的時(shí)候”符合語境，故選E。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Planningaheadisalwaysimportant.(提前計(jì)劃總是很重要的)”以及后文“Intermsofalongtripsafetytips,themostimportantadvicetorememberiscarefulplanning.(就長(zhǎng)途旅行的安全提示而言，最重要的建議是要記住仔細(xì)的計(jì)劃)”可知，上文建議提前計(jì)劃，推測(cè)本句說明其適用場(chǎng)景，且F選項(xiàng)中alongtrip對(duì)應(yīng)后文alongtrip。故F選項(xiàng)“無論你是長(zhǎng)途旅行還是在當(dāng)?shù)剡M(jìn)行一天的徒步旅行，這都是正確的”符合語境，故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Beforeheadingoutonahike,makesuretoinformsomeoneoutsideyourhikinggroupaboutyourplannedrouteandschedule.Providedetailssuchasthetrailyou’llbetaking,yourexpectedreturntime,andanyemergencycontacts.(在出發(fā)徒步旅行之前，一定要把你計(jì)劃的路線和時(shí)間表告訴你的徒步旅行小組以外的人。提供詳細(xì)信息，比如你要走的路線，預(yù)計(jì)返回時(shí)間，以及任何緊急聯(lián)系方式)”可知，上文建議把計(jì)劃的路線和時(shí)間告訴他人，本句為本段最后一句，說明這么做的原因。故C選項(xiàng)“這樣，如果出了問題，他們可以很快找到你”符合語境，故選C?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Don’tpacklightjustbecauseyouaregoingonashorthike.Certainitemsshouldneverbemissingfromyourbackpack.Oneoftheseisafirstaidkit,butdoremember,anyhikingtripcangobad.(不要因?yàn)槎掏具h(yuǎn)足就輕裝上陣。有些東西絕對(duì)不能少。其中之一是急救箱，但請(qǐng)記住，任何徒步旅行都可能出問題)”以及后文“Packingafirstaidkitallowsyoutotakequickactionincaseofinjury.Thiswayyoucankeepthesituationundercontrolbeforerescuersarrive,iftheyareneeded.(帶一個(gè)急救箱可以讓你在受傷時(shí)迅速采取行動(dòng)。這樣，如果需要救援人員的話，你可以在救援人員到來之前控制住局勢(shì))”可知，上文提到任何徒步旅行都可能出問題，后文則提到帶一個(gè)急救箱，推測(cè)本句是在說明要為受傷的情況做好打算。故D選項(xiàng)“如果你想保持安全，做最壞的打算是很重要的”符合語境，故選D。【20題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Don’ttrytoimpressothersanddon’tsetyourexpectationstoohigh.Startwithlowtomedium-difficultyshortertrailsandplanyourtripstoaimforfineweather.Evenexperiencedhikerscanhaveproblemsiftheylosefocus.Thisiswhy,asabeginnerinhiking,it’sreallyimportanttorememberthebasichikingsafetyrules.(不要試圖給別人留下深刻印象，也不要把自己的期望定得太高。從低到中等難度的短步道開始，并計(jì)劃好你的旅行，以好天氣為目標(biāo)。即使是有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的徒步旅行者，如果注意力不集中也會(huì)有問題。這就是為什么作為一個(gè)徒步旅行的初學(xué)者，記住基本的徒步旅行安全規(guī)則是非常重要的)”可知，本段的主旨是要量力而行，不要把自己的期望定得太高，計(jì)劃要適合自己的能力，故A選項(xiàng)“了解自己的極限，設(shè)定自己的步伐”符合語境，故選A。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Fouryearsago,theclosestIgottonaturewastheviewofthegardenfrommylivingroomwindow.Butallthat___21___whenIcameacrosshiking,quitebyaccident.Itstartedwitha___22___fromafriend—tojoinahikinggroupforadayout.Nervous,but___23___,Iagreed.Thefirsthikewashard.Iwas___24___andmymusclesached,butasIreachedthepath’send,somethingwithinmechanged.Thebeautifulviewofnature,thesenseofachievement-itwasextremely___25___.SoI___26___tohikemore,andindoingso,Inoticedsomechanges.Mybodygrewstronger,myphysical___27___improved,andthoseonce-hardhikesbecameeasier.Andmymindgrewmore___28___.Thestressofcitylife___29___witheachstep.Therushofhikingbecamemynew_____30_____.Ialsodiscoveredacommunityofhikers.Eachhikewasa_____31_____tomeetnewpeople,sharestoriesandformfriendships.Theseweren’tjustpeopletohikewith,buttheywerefellow_____32_____sharingthejourneyoflife.Asmyconnectionwithnaturedeepened,sodidmylovefortheenvironment.Ifoundmyself_____33_____cnvironmentalprotectionefforts,understandingthatprotectingthesebeautifulpathswasa_____34_____.Sonow,asIgetreadyforanotherhike,Ilook_____35_____forthejourneyaheadandallitwilloffer.21.A.remained B.changed C.stopped D.suffered22.A.wisdom B.reply C.promise D.challenge23.A.curious B.certain C.anxious D.awkward24.A.fullofpower B.shortofrest C.outofbreath D.wildwithjoy25A.annoying B.amazing C.shocking D.confusing26.A.decided B.afforded C.refused D.pretended27.A.appearance B.examination C.education D.strength28.A.focused B.active C.relaxed D.confident29.A.advanced B.disappeared C.concentrated D.survived30.A.addiction B.topic C.trap D.schedule31.A.race B.strategy C.chance D.debate32A.workers B.students C.passengers D.adventurers33.A.takingpartin B.takingcontrolof C.makingsenseof D.makinguseof34.A.goal B.rescue C.responsibility D.solution35.A.nervously B.excitedly C.silently D.hurriedly【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.A27.D28.C29.B30.A31.C32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了作者的徒步經(jīng)歷和感受?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)我偶然接觸到徒步旅行時(shí)，一切都改變了。A.remained仍需去做（或處理）；B.changed改變；C.stopped停止；D.suffered遭受。根據(jù)下文“somethingwithinmechanged”可知，接觸徒步旅行改變了作者。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它始于一個(gè)朋友的挑戰(zhàn)——參加一個(gè)徒步旅行團(tuán)外出一天。A.wisdom智慧；B.reply回復(fù)；C.promise承諾；D.challenge挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)上文作者很少外出參加運(yùn)動(dòng)以及根據(jù)下文“fromafriend—tojoinahikinggroupforadayout.”可知，徒步旅行始于一個(gè)朋友的挑戰(zhàn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我既緊張又好奇，于是同意了。A.curious好奇的；B.certain確定的；C.anxious焦慮的；D.awkward尷尬的。根據(jù)下文“Iagreed”可知，作者很好奇，所以同意了。故選A項(xiàng)。24題詳解】考查短語詞義辨析。句意：我上氣不接下氣，肌肉酸痛，但當(dāng)我走到路的盡頭時(shí)，我的內(nèi)心發(fā)生了變化。A.fullofpower充滿力量；B.shortofrest缺乏休息；C.outofbreath氣喘吁吁；D.wildwithjoy欣喜若狂。根據(jù)上文可知，作者第一次徒步以及下文“mymusclesached”可知，作者的狀態(tài)是上氣不接下氣。故選C項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：美麗的自然景色，那種成就感——真是太棒了。A.annoying煩人；B.amazing令人驚嘆的，棒棒的；C.shocking令人震驚的；D.confusing令人困惑的。根據(jù)上文“Thebeautifulviewofnature,thesenseofachievement”可知，作者感覺太棒了，這是以前從未有過的體驗(yàn)。故選B項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我決定多徒步旅行，在這樣做的過程中，我注意到了一些變化。A.decided決定；B.afforded支付得起；C.refused拒絕；D.pretended假裝。根據(jù)上文“Thebeautifulviewofnature,thesenseofachievement-itwasextremely___5___”可知，徒步感覺很好，所以作者決定多徒步旅行。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的身體變得更強(qiáng)壯了，身體力量提高了，那些曾經(jīng)艱難的徒步旅行變得容易了。A.appearance外表；B.examination考試；C.education教育；D.strength力量。根據(jù)上文“Mybodygrewstronger”可知，身體力量提高了。故選D項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的思想變得更加放松。A.focused專注的；B.active積極的；C.relaxed放松的；D.confident自信的。根據(jù)下文“Thestressofcitylife___9___witheachstep.”可知，作者的思想變得更加放松。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每走一步，城市生活的壓力就會(huì)消失。A.advanced（使）前進(jìn)；B.disappeared消失；C.concentrated集中；D.survived幸存。根據(jù)上文“Andmymindgrewmore___8___.”可知，每走一步，城市生活的壓力就會(huì)消失。故選B項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：遠(yuǎn)足的熱潮成了我的新嗜好。A.addiction上癮，嗜好；B.topic主題；C.trap陷阱；D.schedule日程安排。根據(jù)上文“SoI___6___tohikemore”可知，遠(yuǎn)足的熱潮成了作者的新嗜好。故選A項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每次徒步旅行都是一個(gè)認(rèn)識(shí)新朋友、分享故事和建立友誼的機(jī)會(huì)。A.race競(jìng)賽；B.strategy策略；C.chance機(jī)會(huì)；D.debate辯論。根據(jù)下文“meetnewpeople,sharestoriesandformfriendships”以及常識(shí)可知，徒步帶來了機(jī)會(huì)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些人不僅僅是徒步旅行的伙伴，而是分享生命旅程的冒險(xiǎn)家。A.workers工人；B.students學(xué)生；C.passengers乘客；D.adventurers冒險(xiǎn)者。愛徒步的人喜歡冒險(xiǎn)，所以他們都是冒險(xiǎn)家。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：我自己參與了環(huán)境保護(hù)工作，明白保護(hù)這些美麗的小路是一種責(zé)任。A.takingpartin參加；B.takingcontrolof控制；C.makingsenseof理解；D.makinguseof利用。根據(jù)上文“sodidmylovefortheenvironment”可知，作者參與了環(huán)境保護(hù)工作。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我自己參與了環(huán)境保護(hù)工作，明白保護(hù)這些美麗的小路是一種責(zé)任。A.goal目標(biāo)；B.rescue救援；C.responsibility責(zé)任；D.solution解決措施。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，保護(hù)自然是一種責(zé)任。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，當(dāng)我準(zhǔn)備又一次遠(yuǎn)足時(shí)，我滿懷激動(dòng)地期待著前方的旅程以及它將帶來的一切。A.nervously緊張地；B.excitedly興奮地,激動(dòng)地；C.silently沉默地；D.hurriedly倉(cāng)促地。根據(jù)上文“Therushofhikingbecamemynew___10___.”可知，作者喜歡上了徒步，所以準(zhǔn)備又一次遠(yuǎn)足時(shí)，作者滿懷激動(dòng)地期待著前方的旅程以及它將帶來的一切。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AndrewKonde,astudentatKenya’sStrathmoreUniversity,wasinspired___36___(start)learningkungfuasachildafterwatchingmartialartsmovies.Whatbegan___37___ahobbyhassincebecomeawayoflifeforKonde,___38___isnowthechairmanoftheuniversity’sTitanMarti