2025屆廣東省韶關(guān)市高三上學(xué)期綜合測試（一）英語試題（含答案解析）

韶關(guān)市2025屆高三綜合測試（一）英語本試卷共10頁，卷面滿分120分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、學(xué)校和班級填寫在答題卡指定的位置上。2.選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦于凈后、再選涂其他答案。寫在本試卷上無效。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)的相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。寫在本試卷上無效。4.考生須保持答題卡的整潔。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ANationalParkServiceFrederickLawOlmstedNationalHistoricSiteseeksenthusiasticandpassionatevolunteerstoassistusonSaturday,the,National:PublicLandsDay!VolunteerswilljoinourLandscapeandGroundsteamandourMuseumServicesteamtopreservethehistoricGreenHillProperty.Joinusasweidentify,cut,andremoveinvasiveplants.Nopreviousexperienceisrequired.Volunteersarerequiredtoattendsafetymeetingsbeforetheevent.Closetoedshoesarerequired.Longpantsandshirtsarerecommended.VolunteersareencouragedtobringtheirownequipmentandPPE(personalprotectiveequipment).ProperPPEincludes:gloves,hat,earprotection,eyeprotection,sturdyworkshoes/boots.SomePPEwillbeavailabletovolunteerstouse,andallNPS(NationalParkService)propertymustremainonsite.Worktoinclude:·Removingdeadanddecayingmatterfromwoodyplantspecies·Basicgroundswork:spreadingseeds,pruningtrees,cuttinglawn,watering,weeding,fertilizinglawns·Documentinginvasivespeciesandchangestothelandscape·Lightpesticideusewithsupervision·ResettingbordersforgardentrailsToolstobeusedbyvolunteers:shovels,soilknives,saws,rakes,etc.Supervisorwillensuretheproperuseoftools.Trainingforpowerandhandtoolswillbeprovidedasneeded.Volunteerswillberesponsiblefortransportationtoandfromthesite.Thisisanunpaidposition;housingisnotprovided.Ifyouareseekingacademiccreditfromyourhomeuniversity,wewillworkwithyoutofulfillnecessaryrequirements.Foradditionalinformation,pleasecontactKatieLadeatkathryn-lade@nps.gov.1.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aneventnotice. B.Asafetyguide.C.Aparkbrochure. D.Atrainingprogram.2.Whatspecifictaskwillvolunteersperformduringtheevent?A.Attendingameeting. B.Designingthegarden.C.Monitoringthelandscape. D.Preparingsomeequipment.3.Whatdoesthisprogramoffertothevolunteers?A.Housing. B.Transportation.C.Academiccredit. D.Toolstraining.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文主要介紹了弗雷德里克·勞·奧姆斯特德國家歷史遺址招募志愿者參與國家公共土地日活動的相關(guān)信息，包括志愿者的職責(zé)、所需裝備、具體工作內(nèi)容、工具使用培訓(xùn)以及聯(lián)系方式等?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“FrederickLawOlmstedNationalHistoricSiteseeksenthusiasticandpassionatevolunteerstoassistusonSaturday,the,National:PublicLandsDay!VolunteerswilljoinourLandscapeandGroundsteamandourMuseumServicesteamtopreservethehistoricGreenHillProperty.Joinusasweidentify,cut,andremoveinvasiveplants.Nopreviousexperienceisrequired.(弗雷德里克·勞·奧姆斯特德國家歷史遺址在周六全國公共土地日尋找熱情的志愿者來協(xié)助我們！志愿者將加入我們的景觀及場地團隊和博物館服務(wù)團隊，共同保護綠山古跡。加入我們，我們識別，切割和移除入侵植物。沒有工作經(jīng)驗要求。)”可知，此處明確提出招募志愿者參與國家公共土地日的活動，并給出了相關(guān)的活動細節(jié)和要求，因此可以判斷這是一份活動通知。故選A。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Worktoinclude部分中“Removingdeadanddecayingmatterfromwoodyplantspecies(清除木本植物中死亡和腐爛的物質(zhì))”以及“Basicgroundswork:spreadingseeds,pruningtrees,cuttinglawn,watering,weeding,fertilizinglawns(基本的地面工作：播種，修剪樹木，修剪草坪，澆水，除草，給草坪施肥)”以及“Documentinginvasivespeciesandchangestothelandscape(記錄入侵物種和景觀的變化)”可知，志愿者需要識別、切割和移除入侵植物，記錄入侵物種和景觀變化等工作，這些都是與監(jiān)測景觀相關(guān)的任務(wù)。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Toolstobeusedbyvolunteers部分中“Supervisorwillensuretheproperuseoftools.Trainingforpowerandhandtoolswillbeprovidedasneeded.(主管將確保正確使用工具。將根據(jù)需要提供電動工具和手動工具的培訓(xùn)。)”可知，監(jiān)管人員將確保工具的正確使用，并根據(jù)需要提供動力和手工工具的培訓(xùn)。故選D。BWhenGaryYauentereduniversity,helaunchedasocialmediapagecalledRoadResearchSocietytoshareinterestingfactsaboutroadsandcityplanning.HisfirstpostexploredtheuseofEnglishfont(字體)onHongKong’sroadsigns.“Thatpostsurprisinglyreceivedmanylikesandshares,soitgotmethinkingaboutexpandingmyaudience,”herecalled.In2016,theenthusiastcollected50ChinesecharactersfromHongKong’sroadsignsandoutlinedanduploadedtheimagetohisFacebookaccount.Afriendsuggestedturningthiscollectionintoafont.YausawitasameanstopreserveacherishedaspectofHongKong’shistory.Abouttwentyyearsago,manyofthecity’ssignsfeaturedhandcraftedcharactersmadebyprisoners.However,asdesigntechnologyadvances,thesetraditionalsignsaregraduallybeingreplaced,Following,visitstotheremainingtraditionalroadsignsinthecity,Yau’steamhadoutlinedapproximately500characters.Yet,thisfellshortofthe7,000ChinesecharactersrequiredforpracticalusebythosewhouseChinesedaily.Facedwiththislimitation,theteambegancreatingnewcharactersbymixingandmatchingexistingcomponents,adjustinglinethickness,andmodifyingradicals(部首).Forinstance,whentheycouldn’tlocatetheChinesecharacterfor“prison”onanyexistingsigns,theydesignedonefromscratch.Thisprocessinvolvedextensivetrialanderror.Aftersixyearsofdedicatedeffort,Yaufoundmotivationintheconstantenthusiasmofhisfollowers.“They‘vebeeneagerlyanticipatingthisprojectforaslongasI‘vebeenworkingonit,”heremarked.“Oneevenexpressedthathehadbeenwaitingforthisfontsincehisfirstyearofsecondaryschool.Now,asasixthgrader,hiswaitisfinallyover.Yauisthrilledtowitnesshowhisfollowerswillusethisdigitalfont.“Icannotownaroadsign,butwhatIcandoisdigitizeit,”Yausaid.“Ididnotwanttojustdocumentitbutdevelopitintosomethingwecanuseindailylife.ThisisawaytopreserveHongKong’svisualculturalmemory.”4.WhatinspiredYautodesignafont?A.Hisinterestinroadsigns. B.Hispopularitywithhisfans.C.Hisdesiretorestorehistory. D.Hispassionforcityplanning.5.WhydidYau’steamcreatenewcharacters?A.Tocombinethecomponents. B.Tomeettheneedofdailyuse.C.Tosetlimitationtothecharacters. D.Toreplacethetraditionalroadsigns.6.WhydidthewritermentionYau’sfollowers?A.Tohighlighttheirdedicatedeffort. B.Toshowtheirsupporttotheproject.C.Toexplaintheirroleindigitizingthefont. D.Toindicatetheirpassiontosharehisposts.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeYau?A.Practicalandefficient. B.Confidentandresourceful.C.Determinedandinnovative. D.Ambitiousandcompetitive.【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章講述了GaryYau如何從一個對道路和城市規(guī)劃感興趣的大學(xué)生，通過創(chuàng)建社交媒體頁面分享有關(guān)道路和城市規(guī)劃的有趣事實，最終發(fā)展到創(chuàng)建并數(shù)字化香港傳統(tǒng)路牌字體的過程?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“In2016,theenthusiastcollected50ChinesecharactersfromHongKong’sroadsignsandoutlinedanduploadedtheimagetohisFacebookaccount.Afriendsuggestedturningthiscollectionintoafont.YausawitasameanstopreserveacherishedaspectofHongKong’shistory.Abouttwentyyearsago,manyofthecity’ssignsfeaturedhandcraftedcharactersmadebyprisoners.However,asdesigntechnologyadvances,thesetraditionalsignsaregraduallybeingreplaced,(2016年，這位愛好者從香港的路標(biāo)中收集了50個漢字，并將其勾勒出來并上傳到他的Facebook賬戶上。一位朋友建議把這些收藏變成一種字體。Yau認(rèn)為這是保存香港珍貴歷史的一種方式。大約20年前，這座城市的許多標(biāo)志都是由囚犯手工制作的。然而，隨著設(shè)計技術(shù)的進步，這些傳統(tǒng)的標(biāo)識正在逐漸被取代)”可知，他的靈感來源于對歷史的恢復(fù)和保護。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Following,visitstotheremainingtraditionalroadsignsinthecity,Yau’steamhadoutlinedapproximately500characters.Yet,thisfellshortofthe7,000ChinesecharactersrequiredforpracticalusebythosewhouseChinesedaily.Facedwiththislimitation,theteambegancreatingnewcharactersbymixingandmatchingexistingcomponents,adjustinglinethickness,andmodifyingradicals(部首).(在參觀了這座城市現(xiàn)存的傳統(tǒng)路標(biāo)之后，Yau的團隊勾勒出了大約500個漢字。然而，對于那些日常使用中文的人來說，這還達不到實際使用所需的7000個漢字。面對這一限制，團隊開始通過混合和匹配現(xiàn)有組件，調(diào)整線條粗細和修改偏旁來創(chuàng)造新的字符)”可知，他們開始創(chuàng)造新的字符以滿足日常使用的需要。故選B項。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Aftersixyearsofdedicatedeffort,Yaufoundmotivationintheconstantenthusiasmofhisfollowers.“They‘vebeeneagerlyanticipatingthisprojectforaslongasI‘vebeenworkingonit,”heremarked.“Oneevenexpressedthathehadbeenwaitingforthisfontsincehisfirstyearofsecondaryschool.Now,asasixthgrader,hiswaitisfinallyover.(經(jīng)過六年的努力，Yau在他的追隨者們持續(xù)的熱情中找到了動力。他說：“自從我參與這個項目以來，他們就一直熱切期待著這個項目?！庇腥松踔帘硎荆麖闹袑W(xué)一年級開始就一直在等待這個字體?，F(xiàn)在，作為一名六年級學(xué)生，他的等待終于結(jié)束了)”可知，Yau從粉絲們的熱情中找到了動力，這表明作者提到Y(jié)au的粉絲是為了展示他們對這個項目的支持。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Aftersixyearsofdedicatedeffort,Yaufoundmotivationintheconstantenthusiasmofhisfollowers.(經(jīng)過六年的努力，Yau在他的追隨者們持續(xù)的熱情中找到了動力)”可知，這個項目Yau做了六年，說明他是堅定的，再根據(jù)第三段“Following,visitstotheremainingtraditionalroadsignsinthecity,Yau’steamhadoutlinedapproximately500characters.Yet,thisfellshortofthe7,000ChinesecharactersrequiredforpracticalusebythosewhouseChinesedaily.Facedwiththislimitation,theteambegancreatingnewcharactersbymixingandmatchingexistingcomponents,adjustinglinethickness,andmodifyingradicals(部首).(在參觀了這座城市現(xiàn)存的傳統(tǒng)路標(biāo)之后，Yau的團隊勾勒出了大約500個漢字。然而，對于那些日常使用中文的人來說，這還達不到實際使用所需的7000個漢字。面對這一限制，團隊開始通過混合和匹配現(xiàn)有組件，調(diào)整線條粗細和修改偏旁來創(chuàng)造新的字符)”可知，在面臨字符數(shù)量不足的限制時，他和他的團隊通過混合和匹配現(xiàn)有組件、調(diào)整線條粗細和修改部首來創(chuàng)造新的字符，說明他是有創(chuàng)新能力的。故選C項。CThefieldofanti-ageingmedicinehasexplodedinrecentyearsduetodiscoveriesaboutthefundamentalbiologyofageingwhicharetranslatedintoexperimentaltherapies(療法).Thelatestfountainofyouthtopourfromthelabcomesintheformofvaccines(疫苗)againstage-relatedconditions—cancer,heartdisease,dementiaandmore.Thefirstofthesecouldbeavailablebytheendofthedecade.All-purposeanti-ageinginjectionsarealsoindevelopment.Theupsidesofsuchvaccinesareclear.Anythingthatlimitstheimpactofage-relatedconditionsonpeoplewholiveintooldage—nottomentiononthelovedoneswhooftenendupcaringforthem—hastobewelcomed.Theyalsopromisetolesseneffectontheincreasinglysocietalandeconomiccostsofthesediseases.Butaswithallanti-ageinginterventions,therearepotentialdownsidestoo.Ifmillionsofpeoplelivesignificantlylonger,weriskapopulationexplosiononaplanetwhoseresourcesarealreadyoverstretched.Ifthevaccinesmerelydelaythebeginningofage-relatedconditions,theywillonlypostponetheburdenonpeopleandsociety.AndasNobelprizewinnerVenkiRamakrishnantoldusearlierthisyear.along-livedsocietyislikelytobeanunmovingone.Thesearefamiliarfears.Thecommonansweristhatthegoalisincreasedhealthspan.Thatmeanspeoplelivingforlonger,freefromthediseasesofoldage,thensuddenlydeclininganddying.Wewon’tknowthe-outcomeuntil:thetherapieshavebeenwidelyused,atwhichpointitwillbetoolatetoputthegeniebackinthebottle.Butthereisreallynoturningbackanyway.Ifvaccinesandotheranti-ageingtherapiesworkandareaffordable,theywillbeused.Besides,nobodywouldarguethatinnovationslikeantibiotics,vaccinesandadvanceddiagnosticswereabadideaeventhoughtheymarkedthebeginningofoureraofage-relateddiseases.Similarly,weshouldn’tfearlife-savingmedicaladvancesonthebasisofunintendedconsequences.Ifwecanmakelieslongerandlesspainful,thedownsidesareapriceworthpaying.8.Whyisthefieldofanti-ageingmedicinegrowingrapidly?A.Thebiologyofageingisbetterapplied. B.Thetrendofhealthylifestyleisrising.C.Thedemandforlongerlifeisincreasing. D.Thenumberofelderlyisrisingglobally.9.Howdoanti-ageingvaccinesbenefitsociety?A.Byincreasingtheworkforce. B.Bycuringpeopleofdiseases.C.Byboostingeconomicgrowth. D.Byreducinghealthcareexpense.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“putthegeniebackinthebottle”mean?A.Tostoptheprocessofageing. B.Toerasetheimpactofthetherapies.C.Tocreateanewmedicalbreakthrough. D.Todelaythedevelopmentoftechnology.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthisarticle?A.CanAnti-AgeingMedicineReallyWork?B.WhatIstheRiskofAnti-AgeingMedicine?C.HowtoStayYoungwithAnti-AgeingMedicine?D.IsItWorthwhileUsingAnti-AgeingMedicine?【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。本文主要講述了抗衰老醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域近年來因?qū)λダ匣A(chǔ)生物學(xué)的發(fā)現(xiàn)而迅速發(fā)展，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)已被轉(zhuǎn)化為實驗性療法，其中包括針對與年齡相關(guān)疾病的疫苗。但文章認(rèn)為，如果抗衰老藥物有效且價格適中，它們將被廣泛使用，且人們不應(yīng)因擔(dān)心意外后果而害怕這些挽救生命的醫(yī)療進步。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Thefieldofanti-ageingmedicinehasexplodedinrecentyearsduetodiscoveriesaboutthefundamentalbiologyofageingwhicharetranslatedintoexperimentaltherapies.(近年來，由于對衰老基本生物學(xué)的發(fā)現(xiàn)被轉(zhuǎn)化為實驗療法，抗衰老醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域出現(xiàn)了爆炸式增長。)”可知，抗衰老醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域迅速發(fā)展的原因是關(guān)于衰老基礎(chǔ)生物學(xué)的發(fā)現(xiàn)被轉(zhuǎn)化為實驗性療法。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Theyalsopromisetolesseneffectontheincreasinglysocietalandeconomiccostsofthesediseases.(它們還有望減少對這些疾病日益增加的社會和經(jīng)濟成本的影響。)”可知，抗衰老疫苗有助于減輕這些疾病對社會和經(jīng)濟造成的日益增長的負(fù)擔(dān)，因此可以減少醫(yī)療保健費用。故選D。10題詳解】詞句猜測題。在第四段中劃線詞前面的內(nèi)容“Wewon’tknowthe-outcomeuntil:thetherapieshavebeenwidelyused,(在這些療法被廣泛應(yīng)用之前，我們無法知道結(jié)果，)”可知，我們不會知道這些療法的結(jié)果，直到它們被廣泛使用，但到那時再想消除它們的影響就太晚了。因此，劃線詞短語的意思指消除已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生的療法的影響。因此，選項B“Toerasetheimpactofthetherapies.(消除療法的影響)”與劃線詞同義。故選B。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thefieldofanti-ageingmedicinehasexplodedinrecentyearsduetodiscoveriesaboutthefundamentalbiologyofageingwhicharetranslatedintoexperimentaltherapies(療法).

(近年來，由于對衰老基本生物學(xué)的發(fā)現(xiàn)被轉(zhuǎn)化為實驗療法，抗衰老醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域出現(xiàn)了爆炸式增長。)”以及第三段中“Butaswithallanti-ageinginterventions,therearepotentialdownsidestoo.

(但與所有抗衰老干預(yù)措施一樣，它也有潛在的缺點。)”以及通讀全文，文章探討了使用抗衰老醫(yī)學(xué)的價值和潛在風(fēng)險，包括其可能帶來的好處和負(fù)面影響。因此，D選項“IsItWorthwhileUsingAnti-AgeingMedicine?(使用抗衰老醫(yī)學(xué)是否值得)”能夠概括文章的主題，并引導(dǎo)讀者思考使用抗衰老醫(yī)學(xué)的利弊。故選D。DFranzKatka(卡夫卡)died100yearsagowithhisliteraryworksunnoticed.HehadinstructedhisfriendMaxBrodtoburnhisunpublishedworks.Broddidnot:hebelievedKafkatobealiterarygeniusandpublishedhislatefriend’swriting.Inotherwords,BroddecidedthatKafka’sstoriesbelongednottothelateauthor,buttothepublic.Brod’sdilemmaechoestoday.Peoplegeneratemoredatathanever,which,unlikephysicalbodies,doesnotdisappear.AccordingtoCarlOhman,aSwedishpoliticalscientist,thisconditionmakesthemodernworld“post-mortal”(死后的).“Livinginthepost-mortalconditionistoconstantlyfindoneselfintheshoesofMaxBrod”,heobserves.Thedigitalerahasreshapedhumans’relationshipwiththedead—asseeninsocialmediaremindersforbirthdaysofdeadindividuals.Suchremindersaretogrowmorecommon:Mr.Ohman’sresearchhasfoundthatonFacebookthedeadmaywelloutnumberthelivingwithin40years.Advancedtechnologyenablesacontinuedrelationshipwiththedead,suchasAmazon’sdevelopmentofafeatureforAlexa,virtualassistant,tospeakinthevoiceofalostrelative.Startupshaveuseddatatomakechatbotsofthedead-tostrengthenusers’commercialrelationship,Mr.OhmanpointsoutAttherootofOhman’sbookTheAfterlifeofDataisvariouscomplexphilosophicalquestions.Towhomdothedead’sdatabelong?Aredatasomethingpeoplecreate,oradigitalanalogue(類比)toaphysicalbody?Ifdataareadigitalformofthebody,whatresponsibilitiesdoesthelivinghave?Thesearenotmerelyquestionsforindividualsbutforsociety.Afterall,historiansoftenstudythediariesofthedead.Theirwritersmayhavepreferredtokeepthemprivate,butthelightthatsuchdocumentscanshineonhumanity’spastoutweighsthelateowner’swishes.Mr.Ohmannotesthatdataconstitute“thebiggestdatabaseofhumanbehaviourinthehistoryofourspecies”.Andheurgesthatthesocialmediafirmsshouldthinktwiceintermsofhowtheyhandledigitalremains.12.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph1?A.ToemphasizeKafka’sliterarytalent. B.Toleadtothediscussionondatahandling.C.TopraisetheacttopublishKafka’sworks. D.TowriteanintroductionforOhman’sbook.13.WhydopeoplebuyAlexa,thevirtualassistant?A.Tocreateadigitaldatabase. B.Tocontroldevicesbyvoice.C.Toaccessinformationquickly. D.Tocommunicatewiththedead.14.Whatproblemwillpeoplefaceinpost-mortalworldaccordingtothepassage?A.Howtomanagethedead’sdata. B.Howtorealizethedead’swishes.C.Howtoprotectthedead’sprivacy. D.Howtorestorethedead’sbelongings.15.WhichofthefollowingwillMr.Ohmanprobablyagreewith?A.Datashouldbeinthepossessionofindividuals.B.Historiansshouldcontrolaccesstodigitalremains.C.Data’shistoricalvalueismoreimportantthanthedead’swill.D.Socialmediafirmsshouldbefinedformisuseofdigitalremains.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章通過卡夫卡的故事引入，探討了現(xiàn)代世界中死后數(shù)據(jù)處理的復(fù)雜問題，包括數(shù)據(jù)歸屬、個人與社會責(zé)任等哲學(xué)性問題?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“FranzKatka(卡夫卡)died100yearsagowithhisliteraryworksunnoticed.HehadinstructedhisfriendMaxBrodtoburnhisunpublishedworks.Broddidnot:hebelievedKafkatobealiterarygeniusandpublishedhislatefriend’swriting.Inotherwords,BroddecidedthatKafka’sstoriesbelongednottothelateauthor,buttothepublic.(弗朗茨·卡夫卡100年前去世，他的文學(xué)作品無人注意。他曾指示他的朋友馬克斯·布羅德燒掉他未發(fā)表的作品。布羅德不這么認(rèn)為：他相信卡夫卡是一位文學(xué)天才，并出版了他已故朋友的作品。換句話說，布羅德認(rèn)為卡夫卡的故事不屬于這位已故作家，而是屬于公眾)”以及第二段“Brod’sdilemmaechoestoday.Peoplegeneratemoredatathanever,which,unlikephysicalbodies,doesnotdisappear.(布羅德的困境在今天得到了回應(yīng)。人們產(chǎn)生的數(shù)據(jù)比以往任何時候都多，而這些數(shù)據(jù)與身體不同，不會消失)”可知，第一段通過講述卡夫卡的故事，引出了關(guān)于數(shù)據(jù)處理的討論，即如何處理死者留下的數(shù)據(jù)。故選B項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Advancedtechnologyenablesacontinuedrelationshipwiththedead,suchasAmazon’sdevelopmentofafeatureforAlexa,virtualassistant,tospeakinthevoiceofalostrelative.(先進的技術(shù)使人們能夠與死者保持持續(xù)的關(guān)系，比如Amazon為虛擬助手Alexa開發(fā)了一項功能，可以用失去親人的聲音說話)”可知，人們會購買虛擬助手Alexa是為了與死者溝通。故選D項。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Towhomdothedead’sdatabelong?Aredatasomethingpeoplecreate,oradigitalanalogue(類比)toaphysicalbody?Ifdataareadigitalformofthebody,whatresponsibilitiesdoesthelivinghave?Thesearenotmerelyquestionsforindividualsbutforsociety.(死者的數(shù)據(jù)屬于誰？數(shù)據(jù)是人類創(chuàng)造的東西，還是物理身體的數(shù)字模擬？如果數(shù)據(jù)是身體的數(shù)字形式，那么生者有什么責(zé)任？這些不僅僅是個人的問題，也是社會的問題)”可知，“死后世界”將會面臨的一個問題，即如何處理死者的數(shù)據(jù)。故選A項。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Afterall,historiansoftenstudythediariesofthedead.Theirwritersmayhavepreferredtokeepthemprivate,butthelightthatsuchdocumentscanshineonhumanity’spastoutweighsthelateowner’swishes.Mr.Ohmannotesthatdataconstitute“thebiggestdatabaseofhumanbehaviourinthehistoryofourspecies”.(畢竟，歷史學(xué)家經(jīng)常研究死者的日記。它們的作者可能更愿意將它們保密，但這些文件對人類過去的啟示超過了已故所有者的意愿。歐曼指出，這些數(shù)據(jù)構(gòu)成了“人類歷史上最大的人類行為數(shù)據(jù)庫”)”可知，Ohman很可能會同意數(shù)據(jù)的歷史價值比死者的意愿更重要。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）在后面的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Werelyonnewstolearnaboutwhatishappeningintheworldaroundus.___16___Howdothesedifferencescomeabout?___17___Itwouldinfluencehowtheyreportanevent.TherearetwonewsreportsontheHendersonTowerfireandthefirstnewsreportpaysmoreattentiontotherescueefforts,whilethesecondtalksmoreaboutdeathsandinjuries.Readingmorethanonereport,wecanunderstandaneventmorecomprehensively.Evenifnewsreportsarewrittenfrombasicallythesameperspective,theymaycontradicteachotherintermsoffactualdetails.___18___Forinstance,thenumbersofdeathsdifferinthetwonewsreportsontheHendersonTowerfire.Whenwecomeacrosssuchfactualdifferences,weshouldcheckwhenthereportswerewritten.Newsreportswrittenatdifferentstagesofaneventcouldcontaindifferentinformationasnewfactsarebroughttolight.Anotheraspectworthyofmentionisthatjournalistsmayapproachinformationtheygetfromresearchorinterviewsdifferently.Supposeemergencyservices’estimatesofthenumberofdeathsvarybetween5and9.Journalistsmaychoosetopresenttheminimum,themaximumorsomethinginbetweenintheirnewsreports.___19___Tosumup,itiswisetoreadnewsreportswrittenfromvariousperspectivesandatdifferentstages.___20___Wealsoneedtobecriticalabouttheinformationwereceiveandremembernottoblindlytrustwhatwehaveread.Thoughjournalistsarecommittedtopresentingthetruth,itisbettertouseourownjudgement.Withgreatdiscrimination,everyoneofushasthepotentialtobeacriticalnewsreader.A.Theyoftenadjustthefigurestohighlighttheirreports.B.Itbringsusamoreaccurateunderstandingofasituation.C.Journalistsmayhavedifferentprioritieswhenreporting.D.However,reportsonthesameeventsusuallycontradicteachother.E.Journalistsneedtotakethecomplexityofeventsintoconsideration.F.Thisisbecauseeventsareusuallycomplicatedandconstantlychanging.G.Therefore,checkingdifferentsourceshelpsreachamoreinformedconclusion.【答案】16.D17.C18.F19.G20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是議論文。文章主要討論了新聞報道中存在的差異和矛盾，分析了這些差異產(chǎn)生的原因，并提出了讀者應(yīng)該如何理性看待新聞、多角度了解事件真相的觀點?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Werelyonnewstolearnaboutwhatishappeningintheworldaroundus.(我們依靠新聞來了解我們周圍發(fā)生的事情)”以及后文“Howdothesedifferencescomeabout?(這些差異是如何產(chǎn)生的呢？)”可知，前文提到我們依靠新聞來了解我們周圍發(fā)生的事情，后文提問差異如何產(chǎn)生，所以空處應(yīng)提到差異，D項“However,reportsonthesameeventsusuallycontradicteachother.(然而，同一事件的報道往往相互矛盾)”和前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，提出差異，符合文意。故選D項?！?7題詳解】設(shè)空位于段首，為本段中心句，根據(jù)后文“Itwouldinfluencehowtheyreportanevent.TherearetwonewsreportsontheHendersonTowerfireandthefirstnewsreportpaysmoreattentiontotherescueefforts,whilethesecondtalksmoreaboutdeathsandinjuries.Readingmorethanonereport,wecanunderstandaneventmorecomprehensively.(這會影響他們報道事件的方式。關(guān)于亨德森大廈的火災(zāi)有兩個新聞報道，第一個新聞報道更多地關(guān)注救援工作，而第二個新聞報道更多地談?wù)撍劳龊褪軅?。閱讀多份報告，我們可以更全面地了解一個事件)”可知，本段主要講述，不同的記者報道同一新聞會有不同的側(cè)重點，所以C項“Journalistsmayhavedifferentprioritieswhenreporting.(記者在報道時可能有不同的優(yōu)先事項)”符合本段主題，為本段中心句。故選C項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Evenifnewsreportsarewrittenfrombasicallythesameperspective,theymaycontradicteachotherintermsoffactualdetails.(即使新聞報道是從基本相同的角度撰寫的，它們也可能在事實細節(jié)方面相互矛盾)”以及后文“Forinstance,thenumbersofdeathsdifferinthetwonewsreportsontheHendersonTowerfire.Whenwecomeacrosssuchfactualdifferences,weshouldcheckwhenthereportswerewritten.Newsreportswrittenatdifferentstagesofaneventcouldcontaindifferentinformationasnewfactsarebroughttolight.(例如，在亨德森大廈火災(zāi)的兩篇新聞報道中，死亡人數(shù)不同。當(dāng)我們遇到這樣的事實差異時，我們應(yīng)該檢查報告是什么時候?qū)懙?。隨著新事實的曝光，在事件的不同階段撰寫的新聞報道可能包含不同的信息)”可知，本段主要講述，隨著時間流逝，相同的新聞夜會有不同的內(nèi)容，所以F項“Thisisbecauseeventsareusuallycomplicatedandconstantlychanging.(這是因為事件通常是復(fù)雜且不斷變化的)”是對前文的解釋，而后文是對此句進行舉例說明。故選F項?！?9題詳解】設(shè)空位于段尾，是對前文總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Anotheraspectworthyofmentionisthatjournalistsmayapproachinformationtheygetfromresearchorinterviewsdifferently.Supposeemergencyservices’estimatesofthenumberofdeathsvarybetween5and9.Journalistsmaychoosetopresenttheminimum,themaximumorsomethinginbetweenintheirnewsreports.(另一個值得一提的方面是，記者可能會以不同的方式處理他們從研究或采訪中獲得的信息。假設(shè)緊急服務(wù)部門對死亡人數(shù)的估計在5到9之間變化。記者可以選擇在他們的新聞報道中呈現(xiàn)最小值、最大值或介于兩者之間的東西)”可知，G項“Therefore,checkingdifferentsourceshelpsreachamoreinformedconclusion.(因此，檢查不同的來源有助于得出更明智的結(jié)論)”和前文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，是對前文的總結(jié)。故選G項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Tosumup,itiswisetoreadnewsreportswrittenfromvariousperspectivesandatdifferentstages.(總之，閱讀從不同角度和不同階段撰寫的新聞報道是明智的)”可知，B項“Itbringsusamoreaccurateunderstandingofasituation.(它使我們更準(zhǔn)確地了解情況)”承接上文，其中it代指閱讀從不同角度和不同階段撰寫的新聞報道，是對前句的進一步解釋。故選B項。第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Mysonwasthreeandahalfandouronlychild.Toaddresshisincreasingly___21___behavioratschool,wegavehim“begood”tablets(akindofsweet)daily.Everymorningbeforeschool,hewas___22___twotablets,whichhewouldcarefullyputintohispocket,anticipatingthemomenthecouldenjoythemlater.Wheneverweaskedhimorhisteacherabouttheireffectiveness,theyboth___23___thetabletsprovedremarkablybeneficial!Onthisparticularday,Idroppedhimoffatschool.___24___withhistwo“tablets”,hewalkedtohisclassroom.Asitwasquiteearly,therewasonlyoneotherchild,whoappearedapparently___25___,staringathisfeetnervously.Theteacherexplaineditwashisfirstdayatanewschool.Myson,Zaen,wentovertoaskforhisname,buttheboyjust___26___hisheadandhislipbegantotremble.TheteacherandIwereaboutto___27___whenZaentookouthistwotabletsand___28___offeredthemtotheboy.Theboy___29___atZaen’shand,tookthem,andbrokeintoawidesmile!Zaensmiledback,andmyheartswelledwith____30____.Zaenthenpulledoutachairnexttotheboy,andtheybegantochatand____31____together,developingabond.Uponfetchinghimfromschoolthatday,heexpressedhe____32____wellwithouthistabletsandnowwerealizedthetruebenefitlyingineasing____33____!Nowsevenyearsold,mysoncontinuestoamazemewithhis____34____andcompassion.Thatday,hedemonstratedthe____35____kindnessandthoughtfulnessIhadwitnessedinalongtime.21.A.shy B.silly C.naughty D.curious22.A.handed B.awarded C.showed D.assigned23.A.explained B.confirmed C.inferred D.concluded24.A.Filled B.Impressed C.Burdened D.Armed25A.enthusiastic B.content C.desperate D.uneasy26.A.nodded B.raised C.lowered D.leaned27.A.stepin B.calmdown C.givein D.standby28.A.hesitantly B.confidently C.kindly D.awkwardly29.A.pointed B.sighed C.glanced D.frowned30.A.gratitude B.optimism C.hope D.pride31.A.study B.play C.relax D.wander32.A.felt B.behaved C.recovered D.rested33.A.annoyance B.boredom C.anxiety D.sorrow34.A.generosity B.creativity C.persistence D.honesty35.A.pure B.ordinary C.moderate D.conditional【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.D26.C27.A28.C29.C30.D31.B32.B33.C34.A35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者為了改善兒子在學(xué)校的不良行為，每天給他“表現(xiàn)好”的糖果作為獎勵。一天，作者的兒子在學(xué)校將糖果分享給了剛轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)來的緊張不安的同學(xué)，兩人因此建立了友誼。這讓作者意識到真正的益處在于緩解他人的不安情緒，同時展現(xiàn)了作者兒子的善良和同情心?！?1題詳解】考查詞義辨析。句意：為了解決他在學(xué)校越來越淘氣的行為，我們每天給他吃“表現(xiàn)好”藥片（一種糖果）。A.shy害羞的；B.silly愚蠢的；C.naughty淘氣的；D.curious好奇的。根據(jù)后文“behavioratschool,”可知，為了解決作者兒子在學(xué)校淘氣的行為，所以每天給他“表現(xiàn)好”的藥片。故選C。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每天早上上學(xué)前，他都會接過兩片藥片，小心翼翼地放進口袋里，期待著稍后能享受它們。A.handed遞給；B.awarded授予；C.showed展示；D.assigned分配。根據(jù)后文“twotablets”可知，每天早上上學(xué)前，作者的兒子都會被遞給兩片藥片。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每當(dāng)我們問他或他的老師藥片是否有效時，他們都證實藥片的效果非常顯著！A.explained解釋；B.confirmed確認(rèn)；C.inferred推斷；D.concluded得出結(jié)論。根據(jù)后文“thetabletsprovedremarkablybeneficial!”可知，老師們證實藥片的效果是非常顯著的。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：帶著兩塊“藥片（糖果）”，他走向教室。A.Filled充滿；B.Impressed印象深刻；C.Burdened負(fù)擔(dān)；D.Armed配備（帶著）。根據(jù)后文“withhistwo“tablets”,hewalkedtohisclassroom.”可知，作者的兒子帶著兩個“藥片”走進教室。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因為時間還很早，只有一個孩子顯得很不安，緊張地盯著他的腳。A.enthusiastic熱情的；B.content滿意的；C.desperate絕望的；D.uneasy不安的。根據(jù)后文“staringathisfeetnervously.”可知，該男孩很緊張，故該男孩顯得不安。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的兒子Zaen走過去問他的名字，但那個男孩只是低下頭，嘴唇開始顫抖。A.nodded點頭；B.raised提高；C.lowered降低；D.leaned傾斜。根據(jù)前文“Myson,Zaen,wentovertoaskforhisname”和下文“hislipbegantotremble”可知，作者的兒子走向前去問對方的名字，對方很緊張應(yīng)該是低下頭。故選C。【27題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：老師和我正要進去時，Zaen拿出他的兩塊“藥片”，好心地遞給了男