2024年中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)沖刺過(guò)關(guān)專題03 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（原卷版）

【查補(bǔ)知識(shí)漏洞·通關(guān)練】專題03非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（原卷版）一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古·中考真題）—Doyoualwaysgetupsoearly?—Yes.________thefirstbus.Myhomeisfarawayfromschool.A．Tocatch B．Catching C．Caught D．Catches2．（2023·四川甘孜·中考真題）Mikemadefacestomakehislittlebrother__________.A．laughs B．laugh C．tolaugh D．laughing3．（2022·西藏·中考真題）________toomuchsweetfoodwillmakepeoplegetfat.A．Eating B．Eats C．Eat D．Ate4．（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·中考真題）Travellerscan’twait________theirnewtoursinthecomingholiday.A．tostart B．starting C．started D．start5．（2023·江蘇徐州·中考真題）IhavedecidedtogotoBeijingand________oneofmyoldfriendsthere.A．visiting B．visited C．visits D．visit二、單詞拼寫6．（2023·江蘇淮安·中考真題）Ourgovernmenthastakenaction(make)lifeinthecountrysidebetter.7．（2023·江蘇淮安·中考真題）—ProfessorWangwillgiveusatalkonthehistoryofHuai’antomorrow.—Really?Ilookforwardto(attend)it.8．（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·中考真題）Don’tgiveup(嘗試).I’msureyouwillsucceed.9．（2023·江蘇無(wú)錫·中考真題）Goandhaveagoodsleep,baby.Letme(worry)aboutthesethings.10．（2023·江蘇無(wú)錫·中考真題）Thefiremenhadnochoicebut(break)thewindow.考點(diǎn)一不定式1.不定式的構(gòu)成基本形式:to+動(dòng)詞原形(這里的to是不定式符號(hào),本身無(wú)詞義,有時(shí)可以省略)。動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式是“not(+to)+動(dòng)詞原形”。動(dòng)詞不定式具有動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn),可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ),有不同的時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),但它沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化。2.不定式的句法功能功能知識(shí)拓展例句作主語(yǔ)不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí),通常用it作形式主語(yǔ),而把不定式放在后面。其結(jié)構(gòu)為:It+be

+adj.

(+for/of

sb.)+動(dòng)詞不定式.It’s

easy

for

me

to

do

it

well.

對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō),我可以輕易地把它做好。作賓語(yǔ)①作某些動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ),一般不作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。常見的后面接動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ)):agree(同意)、afford(負(fù)擔(dān)得起)、begin

(開始)、decide

(決定)、expect

(期望)、forget(忘記)、hope/wish(希望)、learn(學(xué)習(xí))、manage(完成,應(yīng)付)、offer(提供)、prefer(更喜歡)、prepare(準(zhǔn)備)、

pretend(假裝)、

plan(計(jì)劃)、promise(承諾)、refuse(拒絕)、want/would

like(想要)等②

find、

think等后跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),常用it作形式賓語(yǔ),而將真正的賓語(yǔ)放在后面You

must

learn

to

look

after

yourself.

你必須學(xué)著照顧自己。I

can’t

afford

to

buy

the

ring.

我買不起這枚戒指。作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)①常見的后面接不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))有:

advise(建議)、allow(允許)、ask(要求)、expect

(期望)、force(強(qiáng)迫)、invite(邀請(qǐng))、teach

(教)、tell(告訴)、warn(警告)②在make、let、see、feel、notice、hear、watch等使役動(dòng)詞、感官動(dòng)詞后,不定式省略to(但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中to不能省略)Can

you

teach

me

to

swim?你能教我游泳嗎?I

saw

him

cross

the

street.

/He

was

seen

to

cross

the

street.

我看見他穿過(guò)了街道。作表語(yǔ)多數(shù)情況下,不定式作表語(yǔ),可轉(zhuǎn)換為作主語(yǔ)To

see

is

to

believe.

眼見為實(shí)。作定語(yǔ)不定式作定語(yǔ),要放在被修飾詞的后面Would

you

like

something

to

eat?你想要些吃的東西嗎?作狀語(yǔ)表目的I

went

to

the

store

to

buy

some

food.

我去商店買了些食物。表原因I’m

sorry

to

trouble

you.

我很抱歉給你添麻煩了。表結(jié)果He

was

too

excited

to

say

a

word.

他太激動(dòng)以至于一句話也說(shuō)不出來(lái)。和疑問(wèn)詞連用不定式常和疑問(wèn)詞what、which、when、where、how連用,在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等成分“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”這一結(jié)構(gòu)常用于tell、know、advise、teach、find

out、decide、discuss等詞匯后,

充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)I

don’t

know

what

to

say.我不知道該說(shuō)些什么。I

haven’t

decided

where

to

go

for

my

summer

holiday.

我還沒(méi)決定去哪里過(guò)暑假?？键c(diǎn)二動(dòng)名詞1.動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞由“動(dòng)詞原形+-ing”構(gòu)成。2.動(dòng)名詞的句法功能功能知識(shí)拓展例句作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式Reading

in

the

sun

is

bad

for

your

eyes.

在陽(yáng)光下讀書對(duì)你的眼睛有害。作賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞可作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)。常見接動(dòng)名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)有:avoid(避免)、consider(考慮)、enjoy(喜歡)、finish(完成)、imagine(想象)、keep(堅(jiān)持)、practice(練習(xí))、mind(介意)、suggest(建議)等,

be

busy

(忙于),

be

worth(值得),

be/get

used

to(習(xí)慣),

can’t

help(情不自禁),

have

fun(開心……),

feel

like(想要),

give

up(放棄),

look

forward

to(期望)We

have

fun

working

together.

我們一起工作很開心。作表語(yǔ)多數(shù)情況下,動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)可轉(zhuǎn)換為作主語(yǔ)My

work

is

cleaning

the

house.

=Cleaning

the

house

is

my

work.

我的工作是打掃這個(gè)房子。作定語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)要位于所修飾的詞之前She

is

in

the

reading

room.

她在閱覽室里?？键c(diǎn)三分詞1.分詞的構(gòu)成分詞有現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞兩種?，F(xiàn)在分詞由“動(dòng)詞+-ing”形式構(gòu)成;過(guò)去分詞的基本形式是“動(dòng)詞+-ed”,但也有不規(guī)則的形式。現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行;過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)、完成。2.現(xiàn)在分詞的句法功能功能知識(shí)拓展例句作定語(yǔ)分詞作定語(yǔ),其邏輯主語(yǔ)就是它所修飾的詞Do

you

know

the

boy

playing

on

the

playground?你認(rèn)識(shí)在操場(chǎng)上玩耍的男孩嗎?作狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)為句子的主語(yǔ)The

worker

came

into

the

room,

carrying

a

heavy

box.

這位工人搬著一個(gè)重箱子進(jìn)入了房間。作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ),被補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)是它的邏輯主語(yǔ)(即主動(dòng)關(guān)系)I

saw

the

boy

dancing

when

I

passed

by.

當(dāng)我經(jīng)過(guò)的時(shí)候,我看到這個(gè)男孩在跳舞。3.過(guò)去分詞的句法功能功能知識(shí)拓展例句作狀語(yǔ)分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),可表示時(shí)間、伴隨、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、條件等The

teacher

came

in,

followed

by

some

students.

老師進(jìn)來(lái)了,后面跟著一些學(xué)生。作定語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)或完成,單個(gè)分詞置于所修飾詞前,分詞短語(yǔ)則后置He

is

an

unexpected

visitor.

他是個(gè)不速之客。作表語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、特征;過(guò)去分詞表示某種狀態(tài)The

girl

was

excited

about

the

news.

這個(gè)女孩對(duì)這則消息感到興奮。作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ),被補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)是它的邏輯賓語(yǔ)(即被動(dòng)關(guān)系)My

mom

wants

to

have

her

hair

cut.

我媽媽想剪頭發(fā)。一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．（2024·江蘇南通·一模）________theMuseum’s90thyear,NanjingMuseumdisplayedmorethan200valuabletreasuresin90groups.A．Celebrate B．Celebrating C．Tocelebrating D．Tocelebrate2．（2024·云南紅河·一模）—Lingling,I’dlovetogobikeridingwithyou,butIhavesomehomework________.—Ifyoudon’tgo,neitherwillI.A．finishing B．tofinish C．finished D．finish3．（2024·上海閔行·二模）Youshouldavoid________ontheunderground.It’simpoliteandalsoagainsttherules.A．eat B．eating C．a(chǎn)te D．toeat4．（2024·云南昭通·二模）OnAugust24th,2023,Japanstartedpouringnuclearwastewaterintothesea.Itplanstokeep__________itslowlyforatleast30years,whichcausedpeople’sworriesaroundtheworld.A．pour B．pouring C．poured D．topour5．（2024·江蘇宿遷·一模）—Bequick!Thereislittletime________beforethefilmstarts.—OK.Let’sgonow.A．leaving B．toleave C．leaves D．left6．（2024·江蘇宿遷·二模）—WhatelseshouldIpayattentionto________myEnglish?—YoushouldwatchEnglishvideosasoftenaspossible.A．improve B．improves C．improving D．toimprove7．（23-24九年級(jí)下·吉林長(zhǎng)春·階段練習(xí)）Weshouldusedifferentkindsofwayswecanthinkof________peopleinneed.A．helping B．tohelp C．help D．helped8．（2024·吉林長(zhǎng)春·一模）________ingoodhealth,we’dbettereatmorefruitsandvegetables.A．Keep B．Tokeep C．keeping D．Keeps9．（2024·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·一模）IntheearthquakeinNorthwestChina’sGansuProvince,parentsdideverythingtheycan________theirchildren.A．toprotect B．protect C．protects D．protecting10．（2024·湖南懷化·二模）It’ssaidthattheworkersinthefactoryaremade________withAIrobots.A．working B．worked C．work D．towork二、單詞拼寫11．（2024·甘肅隴南·一模）Alanhasmadeadecision(give)upthechancetogoabroad.12．（2024·西藏昌都·一模）Theteacheralwaystellsus(notswim)intheriver.13．（2024·江蘇揚(yáng)州·一模）Theyarebusyreadyfortheexam.(get)14．（2024·四川成都·二模）Cwithfacetofacecommunication,booksoftentouchpeople’sheartsbetter.15．（2024·甘肅臨夏·一模）(wash)handsfrequentlyisagoodhabitforourhealth.16．（2024·甘肅隴南·一模）(collect)stampsismyhobby.17．（2024·浙江杭州·一模）Mycousinborrowedmydictionarywithout(歸還)it.18．（2024·甘肅武威·一模）Bobremembered(meet)histeacherinBeijinglastmonth.19．（2023·安徽·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）It’simpoliteforstudentstoenterteacher’sofficewithoutk(敲)atthedoor.20．（2023·安徽宣城·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）R(閱讀)isagoodhabitforpeopleofallages.三、完成句子21．（2023·貴州·中考真題）向他人學(xué)習(xí)并自我提升對(duì)我們極其重要。othersandimprovingourselvesisessentialforus.22．（2024·上海普陀·二模）Iwillcontactyoulatertotellyouwhenyoucancome.(改為簡(jiǎn)單句)Iwillcontactyoulatertotellyoucome.23．（2024