商務(wù)英語(yǔ)閱讀（第3冊(cè)）（第二版）課件 Unit 2 Trade Barriers

商務(wù)英語(yǔ)閱讀3UNIT2TradeBarriersLearningObjectivesLearntheinfluenceofCOVID-19onglobalization.Understandthecurrentchallengesforglobalization.UnderstandtheroleofChinainpromotingaglobalizedandinclusiveworld.Pondertheapproachtomanageandimproveglobalization.CONTENTS01.TextA02.

TextB03.ChineseValuesWhytheWorldNeedsBetter—notLess—GlobalizationTextAWarmingupWhatwastradelikebeforeglobalization?Howcanloweringtradebarriersreviveglobalproductivityandgrowth?Doyouthinkfreetradeisconducivetoacountry’seconomicdevelopment?WordsandExpressionsheraldv.tobeasignthatsomethingimportant,andoftengood,isstartingtohap_x0002_pen,ortomakesomethingpubliclyknown預(yù)示……的來(lái)臨(CET-6;TEM-4)Thesetalkscouldheraldaneweraofpeace.WordsandExpressionsinterventionn.theactofbecominginvolvedinasituationinordertohelpdealwithaproblem干涉(CET-6;TEM-4)Hisfinancialinterventionsavedthefirmfromliquidation.WordsandExpressionscompoundv.tomakemoreintense,stronger,ormoremarked加劇(CET-4;EM-4)Theproblemiscompoundedbythemedicalsystemhere.WordsandExpressionscollapsen.asuddenfailureinthewaysomethingworks,sothatitcannotcontinue

崩潰;瓦解(CET-4;TEM-4)Hisbusinesswasindangerofcollapse.WordsandExpressionsexpectancyn.thefeelingorhopethatsomethingexciting,interesting,orgoodisabouttohappen期待(CET-6;TEM-8)Takingcareofthosebasicneedscausesasteepriseinlifeexpectancy.WordsandExpressionscontagionn.thespreadingofaparticulardiseasebysomeonetouchinganotherpersonwhoisalreadyaffectedbythedisease傳染(GRE)Herintensityandpassionfortheproducthadspreadlikecontagionthroughoutthepanel.WordsandExpressionsillicitadj.notallowedbylaworthesocialcustomsofacountry違法的；不正當(dāng)?shù)?CET-6;TEM-8)Illicitdrugsrepresentaseriousperiltothesecurityandstabilityoftheentireregion.WordsandExpressionsspawnv.tocausesomethingtohappenortobecreated引發(fā)(TEM-4)Ifthefilmispopularenough,horrormoviescanspawntheirownfranchises.WordsandExpressionsderailv.tospoilorinterruptaplan,agreementetc.打亂（原定計(jì)劃）(CET-6;TEM-8)However,twoimportantdevelopmentsoccurredtoderailthepeaceprocess.WordsandExpressionsprecipitate

v.tomakesomethingserioushappensuddenlyormorequicklythanwasexpected造成……倉(cāng)促發(fā)生(CET-6;TEM-8)Theriotwasprecipitatedwhenfourblackmenwerearrested.WordsandExpressionsreboundv.toincreaseorgrowagainafterdecreasing彈回；反彈(CET-6;TEM-8)StockpricesreboundedfromWednesday’ssteepslide.WordsandExpressionslegitimacyn.thequalityofbeinglegal合法性，合理性Thelawyersexpressedseriousdoubtsaboutthelegitimacyofmilitaryaction.WordsandExpressionsmandaten.anofficialinstructiongiventoapersonororganization,allowingthemtodosomething授權(quán)Thegovernmentwasseekingamandatetocontinuethewar.StructuralAnalysisPara.MainTopicsPara.1-4Theintroductiontoglobalizationanddeglobalization.Para.5-8Prosandconsofglobalization.Para.9-17TheimpactsofCOVID-19onglobalization.Para.18-24Globaltradeinmanufacturedgoods.NotesonTextA1.WhileCOVID-19hastemporarilydisruptedsomecogsinthechainsofmovinggoods,services,peopleand—toalesserextentideas—thatconstitutesglobalization,ithasacceleratedothers.盡管新冠肺炎疫情暫時(shí)破壞了構(gòu)成全球化的商品、服務(wù)和人員流動(dòng)鏈條中的一些齒輪，當(dāng)然在較小程度上也擾亂了思想鏈條，但它卻加速了其他齒輪的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。toalesserextentideas在句子中是插入語(yǔ)，表示新冠肺炎疫情對(duì)思想鏈條的影響較弱。NotesonTextA2.Wethinkthattheprincipalreasonisthebutterflydefectofglobalization:...人們認(rèn)為主要原因是全球化的蝴蝶負(fù)效應(yīng)：……butterflydefect表示“蝴蝶缺陷”或“蝴蝶負(fù)效應(yīng)”。該詞來(lái)自伊恩·戈?duì)柖。↖anGoldin)和邁克·馬瑞薩森（MikeMariathasan）于2014年出版的TheButterflyDefect:HowGlobalizationCreatesSystemicRisks,andWhattoDoaboutIt一書(shū)。NotesonTextA3.Internationalinstitutionsarebeingstarvedoftheresources,legitimacyandmandatesforreformthattheyurgentlyrequire.國(guó)際機(jī)構(gòu)嚴(yán)重缺乏資源，合法性以及對(duì)于他們迫切進(jìn)行改革的授權(quán)。bestarvedof表示“極其缺乏”之意。DiscussionWhatshouldbedonetobettermanageglobalization?ExercisesI.ReadingComprehension1-5CBACDII.VocabularyA.1-5CACBB6-10DBCABB.1.turnedhisbackon2.Inthisrespect3.centreon4.giveriseto5.hadbeenstarvedof6.bouncedback7.accountfor8.keepout9.usherin10.threatenedtoIII.Cloze(1)enormously(2)liberalization(3)sustained(4)globalizing(5)However(6)elicited(7)average(8)significant(9)Similarly(10)exceptionExercisesIV.PutthefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1.新冠肺炎疫情并沒(méi)有阻礙全球化進(jìn)程。相反，它加速了全球化自身的轉(zhuǎn)變。自疫情開(kāi)始以來(lái)，全球化的一些特征，如科學(xué)合作和數(shù)字連接程度，急劇增強(qiáng)。2.然而，不僅僅是制造業(yè)正在逐漸實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化；服務(wù)業(yè)亦是如此，數(shù)字支付和管理流程現(xiàn)在都可以通過(guò)云計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行，因此無(wú)需將業(yè)務(wù)外包到低成本地區(qū)。3.最終，全球化需要更好的管理，而未能對(duì)跨境流動(dòng)的增長(zhǎng)進(jìn)行管理正是導(dǎo)致金融危機(jī)、氣候變化和新冠肺炎疫情的原因。4.背棄全球化并不是解決問(wèn)題之道。人們也不應(yīng)希望再恢復(fù)到新冠肺炎疫情之前的行事方式，因?yàn)檎侵澳欠N慣常的做法給我們帶來(lái)了疫情，以及像氣候變化等更嚴(yán)重的威脅。5.新冠肺炎疫情告訴我們，我們需要加倍努力，創(chuàng)建一個(gè)更包容、更可持續(xù)和更健康的世界，讓全球化服務(wù)于克服風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和社會(huì)分化，并成為助力實(shí)現(xiàn)全人類共同和可持續(xù)繁榮的工具。ExercisesV.DiscussionHerearesomepointstostimulatediscussion.Countriesmustacceptsharedresponsibilityformanagingtherisksthatithasengendered.Nationalgovernments–whetherpowerful,liketheUnitedStatesandChina,orweak,likeIraqandLiberia–areunabletoaddressthesecascadingandcomplexchallengesontheirown.Thus,coordinatedactionisrequiredtoaddressthemeffectively.Inaddition,robustregionalandinternationalinstitutionsareneededforincreasedintegration,opennessandinnovation.GlobalizationandChinaDoesn’tStopHereTextBWordsandExpressionsdissentn.refusaltoacceptanofficialopinionoranopinionthatmostpeopleaccept異議；意見(jiàn)的分歧(CET-6;TEM-4)Indiatolerateddissent,butitalsotoleratedinefficiency,diseaseandilliteracy.WordsandExpressionssanctionn.officialordersorlawsstoppingtrade,communicationetc.withanothercountry,asawayofforcingitsleaderstomakepoliticalchanges（對(duì)某國(guó)的）制裁(CET-4;TEM-4)ShouldCNNandFoxhavebeensubjecttogovernmentsanctionforhavingmadeagood-faitherrorintheirreporting?WordsandExpressionsbanen.somethingthatcausestroubleand

makespeopleunhappy禍根；災(zāi)星(TEM-8)Drugsarethebaneoftheinnercities.WordsandExpressionsmillennian.(pluralformofmillennium)aperiodof1,000years一千年，千年期(TEM-8)WhatwillthismeanifallourgreateffortstoreachtheMillenniumDevelopmentGoalsarecanceledoutbythehealthconsequencesofclimatechange?WordsandExpressionsdisparateadj.verydifferentandnotconnectwitheachother迥然不同的，全異的；不相干的(TEM-8)Thechallengeistomakedisparatecomputersystemsworktogether.WordsandExpressionsminusculeadj.extremelysmall極小的(GRE;TOEFL)Herofficeisminuscule.WordsandExpressionstremorn.asmallearthquakeinwhichthegroundshakesslightly（大地的）輕微的震動(dòng)(TEM-8)Theearthquakesenttremorsthroughtheregion.WordsandExpressionsmagnifyv.tomakesomethingseemmoreimportantthanitreallyis夸張，夸大(CET-6;TEM-4)Thisreporttendstomagnifytherisksinvolved.WordsandExpressionsreciprocityn.asituationinwhichtwopeople,groups,orcountriesgiveeachothersimilarkindsofhelporspecialrights互惠Psychologistscallthisthereciprocityrule,anditisarulethatallsocietieshonor.WordsandExpressionsmélangen.amixtureofdifferentthings混合物(IELTS)amelangeofsoundsandsmellsStructuralAnalysisPara.MainTopicsPara.1-2Thetrendofdeglobaliztion.Para.3-5WhatChinaandWesterncountrieshavebenefitedfromglobalization.Para.6-15Changesthatwillbecausedbyre-globalization.Para.14-20Opening-upandworkingtogetherremainingthemostviablesolutiontofutureuncertainty.NotesonTextB1.Desperationhaslonggivenwaytoaspiration.絕望早已被渴望所取代。givewayto表示“被取代或讓位于”之意。NotesonTextB2.Joblossestootherhumanswillpaleincomparisontojoblossestorobots.與被機(jī)器人搶走的工作相比，被其他人類搶走的工作就相形見(jiàn)絀了。pale有“顯得遜色、相形見(jiàn)絀”之意。NotesonTextB3.Afactoryworker,evenoneinahighlyglobalizedsystemoftrade,isultimatelywalledoff,afacelessproducerofshoes,orsteel,oreventhosemagicallypowerfulinstrumentsofcommunication,smartphones.一名工廠工人，無(wú)論是制鞋工人、鋼鐵工人，還是制造神奇而強(qiáng)大的通訊工具——智能手機(jī)的工人，即使置身于高度全球化的貿(mào)易體系中，最終也會(huì)失去用武之地。

walledoff有“隔離、隔開(kāi)”之意。在本文中，walloff意指工廠工人最終將會(huì)與生產(chǎn)隔絕，即失去用武之地。DiscussionWhatproblemswouldtherebeifde-globalizationhappened?ExercisesI.DiscussionDeglobalizationwillresultinreducedtradeinterdependence,reducedcapitalflows,andreducedmigration.Thus,globalizationhaltsorrecedestheresultswillbeprofoundlynegativeformostcountriesandmostincomegroups.Aretreatintoprotectionismwillreduceincomesofboththepoorandtherichandpovertyheadcountswillbeincreased.Inaddition,politicalinstabilitywillriseinamajorityofcountriesandtheprobabilityofinterstatewarwillincrease.II.ReadingComprehension1-5CCDABChineseValuesChineseValues1.我們要秉持共商共建共享原則，倡導(dǎo)多邊主義，大家的事大家商量著辦，推動(dòng)各方各施所長(zhǎng)、各盡所能，通過(guò)雙邊合作、三方合作、多邊合作等各種形式，把大家的優(yōu)勢(shì)和潛能充分發(fā)揮出來(lái)，聚沙成塔、積水成淵?！?xí)近平在第二屆“一帶一路”國(guó)際合作高峰論壇開(kāi)幕式上的主旨演講Weneedtobeguidedbytheprincipleofextensiveconsultation,jointcontributionandsharedbenefits.Weneedtoactinthespiri