北京市通州區(qū)2025屆高三上學(xué)期11月期中質(zhì)量檢測英語答案

第1頁/共1頁通州區(qū)2024—2025學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高三年級期中質(zhì)量檢測英語試卷2024年11月本試卷共10頁，共100分?？荚嚂r長90分鐘。考生務(wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。考試結(jié)束后，請將答題卡交回。第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。FailingSuccessfullyTwoyearsago,Itookpartinaspeechcompetitionanditwasahardtimeformewhenthejudge___1___thewinners.Atlast,themomentoftruthcame.Igottheworst.However,Ireallywantedtotryagain.Irealizedthatfindingtherighttopicwasthemostimportantpartofthewholeprocess.Itneedstobemotivationalandinspirationaltothe___2___.SoIreworkedmyspeechforthefollowingyear,___3___adifferenttopicandspendingmanyhoursmakingitflowbetter.ThenextyearIparticipatedinthecompetitionagain.Igavemyspeechintwoparts,onewasaboutmyownexperienceandtheotheraddressedthecommonfeelingspeoplehavewhengivingaspeech—how___4___itis,standingonastageallalone,witheveryonesittingandwatchingthem.Myspeech___5___wellandIwashopingtodothatalittlebitbetter.___6___,mywishdidn’tcometrue.ThecompetitionwassofierceandagainIwasn’tplaced.Iwasdeeplydisappointed,sinceIcouldn’tacceptthefactthatIhadfailedtwiceinsomethingthatIhadworkedsohardon.However,Iknewthatlosingis___7___andpartoflife.Oneofthejudgesadvisedmeto___8___mygesturesanddelivery.HesaidthatIwouldsurelysucceedsomeday.WhileIdidn’twin___9___inthecompetition,Ididgainanewviewpoint.IdiscoveredthatIcouldfailsuccessfully.Now,wheneverI’mfacedwithadefeat,Iremindmyselfofwhatafamouspersonsaid,“Thepathwaswornandslippery.Myfootslippedfromunderme,knockingtheotheroutoftheway,butIrecoveredandsaidtomyselfthatit’saslipandnota_____10_____.”1.A.interviewed B.predicted C.observed D.announced2.A.companion B.audience C.director D.author3.A.picking B.editting C.reviewing D.comparing4.A.annoying B.surprising C.frightening D.confusing5.A.wentacross B.wentthrough C.wentdown D.wentoff6.A.Angrily B.Sadly C.Strangely D.Eagerly7.A.flexible B.typical C.appropriate D.usual8.A.assume B.reflect C.perfect D.acquire9.A.awards B.profits C.trust D.support10.A.walk B.push C.kick D.fall【答案】1D2.B3.A4.C5.C6.B7.D8.C9.A10.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者兩次參加演講比賽，雖然精心準(zhǔn)備仍然沒有拿到獎項，但是作者感到雖敗猶榮，他時刻提醒自己，失敗只是自己滑了一跤，而不是跌倒?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：兩年前，我參加了一場演講比賽，當(dāng)裁判宣布獲勝者時，我很難過。A.interviewed采訪；B.predicted預(yù)測；C.observed觀察；D.announced宣布。根據(jù)下文“Atlast,themomentoftruthcame.Igottheworst.”可知，作者參加了演講比賽，當(dāng)裁判宣布獲勝者時，作者非常難過，因為自己成績最差。故選D。【2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它需要能夠激勵和鼓舞觀眾。A.companion陪伴；B.audience觀眾；C.director導(dǎo)演；D.author作者。根據(jù)上文“Itneedstobemotivationalandinspirational”可知，演講的主題要對觀眾有激勵的作用。故選B?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，我為接下來的一年重新修改了我的演講，選擇了一個不同的主題，花了很多時間讓它更流暢。A.picking摘下，挑選；B.editing編輯；C.reviewing復(fù)習(xí)；D.comparing比較。根據(jù)上文“Irealizedthatfindingtherighttopicwasthemostimportantpartofthewholeprocess.”可知，作者為準(zhǔn)備演講挑選不同的主題。故選A?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的演講分兩部分，一部分是關(guān)于我自己的經(jīng)歷，另一部分是關(guān)于人們在演講時的共同感受——一個人站在舞臺上，所有人都坐在那里看著他們，這是多么可怕。A.annoying煩人的；B.surprising驚訝的；C.frightening嚇人的；D.confusing令人困惑的。根據(jù)下文“standingonastageallalone,witheveryonesittingandwatchingthem.”可知，站在很多人面前獨自演講是很嚇人的感覺。故選C?！?題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：我的演講很受歡迎，我希望能做得更好一點。A.wentacross渡過；越過；B.wentthrough完成；C.wentdown下降，下跌；D.wentoff爆炸；消失。根據(jù)“andIwashopingtodothatalittlebitbetter.”可知，作者希望能做得更好一點，說明作者的演講已經(jīng)很受歡迎，godownwell意為“受歡迎”。故選C?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：遺憾的是，我的愿望沒有實現(xiàn)。A.Angrily生氣；B.Sadly悲傷；遺憾的是；C.Strangely奇怪；D.Eagerly渴望。根據(jù)下文“mywishdidn’tcometrue.”可知，作者又一次演講失利，這讓作者感覺很遺憾。故選B?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我知道失敗是正常的，也是生活的一部分。A.flexible靈活的；B.typical典型的；C.appropriate合適的；D.usual通常的，常有的。根據(jù)下文“andpartoflife.”可知，作者明白失敗是正常的，這是人生的一部分。故選D。【8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一位評委建議我完善我的手勢和表達(dá)。A.assume假定；B.reflect反射；反?。籆.perfect使完美；完善；D.acquire要求。根據(jù)下文“HesaidthatIwouldsurelysucceedsomeday.”可知，這位評委建議作者完善自己的手勢和表達(dá)，總有一天會成功的。故選C?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我沒有在比賽中獲獎，但我確實獲得了一個新的觀點。A.awards獎項；B.profits利潤；C.trust信任；D.support支持。根據(jù)上文“Iwasdeeplydisappointed,sinceIcouldn’tacceptthefactthatIhadfailedtwiceinsomethingthatIhadworkedsohardon.”可知，作者兩次演講比賽都沒有贏得獎項。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的一只腳從我身下滑了下來，把另一只腳撞倒了，但我回過神來，對自己說這是滑倒，不是摔倒。A.walk走路；B.push推著；C.kick踢動；D.fall掉下；摔倒。根據(jù)上文“Thepathwaswornandslippery.Myfootslippedfromunderme,knockingtheotheroutoftheway,butIrecoveredandsaidtomyselfthatit’saslip”可知，作者感慨失敗對于自己只是滑了一下，而不是跌倒。故選D。第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。ABBCfilmcrewwasworkingontheremoteLordHoweIslandforanewwildlifedocumentarycalledDrowninginPlastic.Theyfilmedmanybirdsthat____11____(die)fornoclearreason.Aftersomeresearch,theyfoundoutthetruth—____12____causedthedeathofthebirdswasthattheirstomachswere,literallytoofullofplastic.Thedocumentaryteamalsofilmedbiologists____13____(work)ontheislandtosavethebirds.Thescientistscapturedhundredsofchicksandremovedplasticfromtheirstomachstogivethemachanceofsurvival.【答案】11.haddied12.what13.working【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是英國廣播公司的一個攝制組當(dāng)時正在遙遠(yuǎn)的豪勛爵島拍攝一部名為《溺死在塑料中》的野生動物紀(jì)錄片。他們拍攝了許多不明原因死亡的鳥類。【11題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：他們拍攝了許多不明原因死亡的鳥類。die是定語從句謂語動詞，從句表示過去的過去，用過去完成時。故填haddied?！?2題詳解】考查名詞性從句。句意：經(jīng)過一番研究，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了真相——導(dǎo)致這些鳥死亡的原因是它們的胃里塞滿了塑料。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里為主語從句，從句缺少主語，指物，所以用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)。故填what。【13題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：紀(jì)錄片攝制組還拍攝了在島上拯救鳥類的生物學(xué)家。名詞biologists與work之間為主動關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語。故填working。B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Youngpeopleworkhard____14____(get)theirqualifications.Butmanyworkplacesarelookingforsoftskills.Theyconcernaboutthingslikemanagingyourtime,workinginateamindifferentactivitiesandcommunicatingwithothers.Allofthose____15____(include)insoftskills.Usuallypeoplewiththeseskillscandoagoodjob.Manyoftheseskillsare____16____(help)inyoureducationaswell.Youcandevelopthem____17____learningaboutthewayyouthinkandthewayyoucommunicate.【答案】14.toget15.areincluded16.helpful17.by【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是年輕人努力工作以獲得資格證書，但很多工作場所都在尋找軟技能，因為通常擁有軟技能的人工作可以做得很好，其中的許多技能對你的教育也有幫助。你可以通過了解你的思考方式和你的溝通方式來培養(yǎng)他們?！?4題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：年輕人努力工作以獲得資格證書。此處為非謂語動詞作狀語，結(jié)合句意，此處表示目的，所以句中用不定式作目的狀語。故填toget?！?5題詳解】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：所有這些都包含在軟技能中。句子陳述客觀事實應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，且主語與謂語動詞構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，主語為all，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。故填areincluded?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：其中的許多技能對你的教育也有幫助。此處為形容詞作表語，help的形容詞為Manyoftheseskillsarehelpful，意為“有幫助的”符合句意。故填helpful?！?7題詳解】考查介詞。句意：你可以通過學(xué)習(xí)你的思考方式和溝通方式來發(fā)展它們。動名詞learning前用介詞形式。根據(jù)句意，表示“通過”，用介詞by。故填by。C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Highschoolyearsplayalargepartinshapingthepersonyouaregoingtobecome.Aschooloften____18____(provide)educationforyou,anditcanalsobeaplaceinwhichyoucandeveloprelationshipswithmanydifferentpeople,joinclubs,andparticipateinavarietyofdifferentsports.Theseyearscanmakeyoubecomeahighschoolstudent____19____(fill)withmanydifferentemotions,includinghappiness,anger,sadness,envy,loneliness,stress,andanumerousamountofmore.Thisisalsoatime____20____peerpressureismostcommonlyputuponavastmajorityofteens.【答案】18.provides19.filled20.when【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了高中生活在塑造你成為什么樣的人的過程中起著很大的作用。【18題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：學(xué)校通常為你提供教育，它也可以是一個地方，你可以與許多不同的人發(fā)展關(guān)系，加入俱樂部，參加各種不同的運動。陳述客觀事實應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，且主語為Aschool為單數(shù)，所以謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填provides?！?9題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這些年會讓你成為一個充滿不同情緒的高中生，包括快樂、憤怒、悲傷、嫉妒、孤獨、壓力等等。befilledwith充滿，修飾名詞ahighschoolstudent。所以用過去分詞形式作后置定語。故填filled?！?0題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：這也是絕大多數(shù)青少年最常承受同伴壓力的時期。Thisisalsoatimewhen...是一個常用句型，先行詞是atime，在定語從句中作時間狀語，所以用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)。故填when。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ATHISSTREETISOPENFORPLAYConcernedaboutoutdoorplayincrowdedcities?Startaplaystreet—acommunityeventwhereneighborsclosetheirroadtotraffic,creatingasafespaceforchildrentoplay.Thiseventallowskidsandadultstoexplore,createandsocialize,which,undoubtedly,willbringthebondsbetweenneighborstoanewheight.Comparedtostructuredplayswithstrictrulesandfixedprocedures,aplaystreetallowschildrentolead,establishrulesandgetinvolvedinanopen-endedactivitywithoutspecificinstructions,methodsorgoals.GettingStarted:1.Hostameetingtodiscussbenefitsandencourageinvolvement.Chooseaneventdateandassigntaskstotheneighbors.2.Reachouttocitycouncils(市委會)fornecessarypermitstoclosetheroad.Ignoringthiswillleadtothecancellationofthewholeplan.3.Useposters,flyers,andsocialmediatospreadtheword.Usingthesepromotionmeanstoinformresidentsofthedate,timeandactivitiesplannedfortheplaystreet.4.Setupbarriersforsafety,provideequipmentandencourageneighbors’participation.WhattoExpect:·GameAreas:Avarietyofplayequipmenttailoredforkids,suchasjumpropes,balls,chalkfordrawing,hulahoopsandotheroutdoorgames.·SwappingCorner:Aplacewheremomscanbringunwanteditemssuchaskitchenware,gardeningtoolsorotherhouseholdgoodstoexchangewitheachother.·ArtsandCraftsSeating:Artsandcraftsseatingwithmaterialslikepaper,markers,crayons,paintsandbrushes.Childrenareencouragedtogetcreativeandexpressthemselvesthroughart.·SnackandRefreshmentStation:Lightrefreshmentslikewater,juice,fruitandhealthysnackstokeepmixed-ageparticipantsenergized.Apotlucktosharehomemadetreatsandrecipes.21.Whatisthepurposeof“aplaystreet”?A.Topreventcitytrafficjams. B.Tostrengthencommunitybonds.C.Toexplorekids’artisticpotential. D.Toinvolvechildreninstructuredplays.22.Whatisamusttoholdtheevent?A.Raisingfundsfromthepublic. B.Postingthesafetyregulations.C.Askingforauthorities’approval. D.Announcingequipmentinstructions.23.Whichactivityisintendedforbothkidsandadults?A.GameAreas. B.ArtsandCraftsSeating.C.SwappingCorner. D.SnackandRefreshmentStation.【答案】21.B22.C23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了LondonPlay組織開展社區(qū)游戲街活動的相關(guān)事項?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的“Startaplaystreet—acommunityeventwhereneighborsclosetheirroadtotraffic,creatingasafespaceforchildrentoplay.Thiseventallowskidsandadultstoexplore,createandsocialize,which,undoubtedly,willbringthebondsbetweenneighborstoanewheight.(創(chuàng)建一個游戲街——一個社區(qū)活動，讓鄰居們關(guān)閉他們的道路，為孩子們創(chuàng)造一個安全的玩?？臻g。這一舉措允許孩子和成年人探索，創(chuàng)造和社交，這無疑將把鄰居之間的聯(lián)系帶到一個新的高度。)”可知，“游戲街”的目的是加強社區(qū)紐帶。故選B?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GettingStarted部分中“2.Reachouttocitycouncils(市委會)fornecessarypermitstoclosetheroad.Ignoringthiswillleadtothecancellationofthewholeplan.(2.向市議會申請必要的封路許可。忽視這一點將導(dǎo)致整個計劃的取消。)”可知，舉辦這個活動必須請求當(dāng)局批準(zhǔn)。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhattoExpect部分中“SnackandRefreshmentStation:Lightrefreshmentslikewater,juice,fruitandhealthysnackstokeepmixed-ageparticipantsenergized.Apotlucktosharehomemadetreatsandrecipes.(小吃和茶點站：提供水、果汁、水果和健康小吃等小吃，讓混合年齡的參與者保持精力充沛。分享自制美食和食譜的聚餐。)”可知，SnackandRefreshmentStation適合兒童和成人。故選D。BLifeCyclesAbout15yearsago,AndrewMcLindon,whosefavoritehobbyisriding,wasonhisbikeinAustin,Texas,whenhethoughtaboutafriend’sson.Theboyhadneverknownthejoyofbikingbecausehesufferedfromthebalancedisturbances.WhenMcLindongothome,heboughtathree-wheelrecumbent(可斜躺的)bikewithaseatbelt,perfectforachildwithbalanceissues.Thentheboygotthechancetoseizethefreedomcomingwithsimplyridingabikeandbeganinteractingwithfriends.Buttherewasmore,asMcLindonlearnedfromhisfriend’sreactionafterperformingthissmallactofkindness.“I’llneverforgetthesmileonhisface,”McLindonsaid.ThesmilelaunchedtheMcLindonFamilyFoundation.Fundedbydonations,thefoundationfindsdisabledchildrenwhocanbenefitfromowningadaptivebikes,andhelpsadapteachbiketotheparticularneedsofthechildren.Whenthefoundationwasjuststarted,peoplethoughtabikewasnotanurgentneedforchildrenwithmedicalconditions.Thefeedbackfromthefamilies,however,toldthefoundationthatitwassomuchmore.Itstrengthensmuscles.Itbuildsconfidence.Itisthejoyandprideofowningabike.And,mostimportantly,it’sinclusion.Tothefamiliesandthechildren,thebikehaschangedtheirlives.Oncechildrenarefittedfortheirbikesandareabletoridearoundwithfamiliesandfriends,therealresultscometolight.Theabilitytomoveallowsthesechildrentotrulybecomepartofthegroup—thatispricelessatanyage.Sincethestartofthefoundation,theyhavehelpedtoprovide450bikesforhappychildren.Thesechildrenandtheirfamiliesarenotjustone-timeclients.Theyareinvolved.“Iampartoftheprojectbecauseeverydaymyfamilyisblessedwiththewonderfulgiftthatisthefruitofthisproject.Itisreallyincredible,”amothersaid.“Icouldgoonforeveraboutallthethingsthatthisprojecthasgivenbacktome,”saidMcLindon.“Itabsolutelybringsmethegreatesthappiness.”24.WhatmainlymotivatedMcLindontosetuphisfoundation?A.Hispursuitoffreedom. B.Hisfavortobikeriding.C.Thesufferingofhisfriend’sson. D.Theresponsefromhisfriend.25.Withthehelpofthefoundation,thedisabledchildren______.A.arefundedtogetgoodmedicalcare B.areallowedtopaylessfortheirbikesC.canmovearoundlikenormalchildren D.canmakechangestotheirspecialbikes26.Accordingtothepassage,themostimportantfeatureofthefoundationisits______.A.numberofclientsofallages B.inclusionofthewholefamilyC.interactionwithdisabledchildren D.freedomfromtheroadcondition27.WhatcanwelearnfromMcLindon’sstory?A.Givingisreceiving. B.Nothingisimpossible.C.Practicemakesperfect. D.Wellbegunishalfdone.【答案】24.D25.C26.B27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了自行車愛好者AndrewMcLindon創(chuàng)立麥克林登家族基金會，為平衡感有問題的孩子制造適合他們騎行的特殊自行車。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Buttherewasmore,asMcLindonlearnedfromhisfriend’sreactionafterperformingthissmallactofkindness.“I’llneverforgetthesmileonhisface,”McLindonsaid.(但麥克林登從他的朋友在做了這個小小的善舉后的反應(yīng)中了解到，還有更多的事情?！拔矣肋h(yuǎn)不會忘記他臉上的笑容，”麥克林登說。)”以及第三段“ThesmilelaunchedtheMcLindonFamilyFoundation.(這個微笑成立了麥克林登家庭基金會。)”可知，是他朋友的積極反饋激勵他成立了基金會。故選D?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Oncechildrenarefittedfortheirbikesandareabletoridearoundwithfamiliesandfriends,therealresultscometolight.Theabilitytomoveallowsthesechildrentotrulybecomepartofthegroup—thatispricelessatanyage.(一旦孩子們安裝好自行車，并能夠與家人和朋友一起騎自行車，真正的結(jié)果就會顯現(xiàn)出來。到處走動的能力讓這些孩子真正成為群體的一部分——這在任何年齡都是無價的。)”可知，在這個基金會的幫助下，有殘疾的孩子可以像正常的孩子一樣四處走動。故選C?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后三段“Thefeedbackfromthefamilies,however,toldthefoundationthatitwassomuchmore.Itstrengthensmuscles.Itbuildsconfidence.Itisthejoyandprideofowningabike.And,mostimportantly,it’sinclusion.Tothefamiliesandthechildren,thebikehaschangedtheirlives.Oncechildrenarefittedfortheirbikesandareabletoridearoundwithfamiliesandfriends,therealresultscometolight.Theabilitytomoveallowsthesechildrentotrulybecomepartofthegroup—thatispricelessatanyage.(然而，來自這些家庭的反饋告訴基金會，它遠(yuǎn)不止于此。它能增強肌肉。它能建立自信。它是擁有一輛自行車的快樂和驕傲。最重要的是包容。對于這些家庭和孩子們來說，自行車改變了他們的生活。一旦孩子們適應(yīng)了他們的自行車，并能夠與家人和朋友一起騎自行車，真正的結(jié)果就會顯現(xiàn)出來。移動的能力使這些孩子真正成為群體的一部分，這在任何年齡都是無價的。”及全文可知，文章中強調(diào)了自行車對家庭和兒童的重要性，它改變了他們的生活，并且不僅僅是孩子們，整個家庭都參與其中。故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Icouldgoonforeveraboutallthethingsthatthisprojecthasgivenbacktome,”saidMcLindon.“Itabsolutelybringsmethegreatesthappiness.”(麥克林登說：“我可以永遠(yuǎn)繼續(xù)下去，這個項目給了我所有的東西。這絕對給我?guī)砹俗畲蟮男腋！！?”可知，他認(rèn)為在付出的同時他也得到了回報。選項A“Givingisreceiving.(給予就是回報)”；選項B“Nothingisimpossible.(沒有什么是不可能的)”；選項C“Practicemakesperfect.(熟能生巧)”；選項D“Wellbegunishalfdone.(良好的開端是成功的一半)”。故選A。CArtificialintelligence-poweredmedicaltreatmentoptionsareontheriseandhavethepotentialtoimprovediagnostic(診斷的)accuracy,butanewstudyledbyUniversityofArizonaHealthSciencesresearchersfoundthatabout52%ofparticipantswouldchooseahumandoctorratherthanAIfordiagnosisandtreatment.“WhilemanypatientsappearresistanttotheuseofAI,accuracyofinformation,encouragementandalisteningpatientexperiencemayhelpincreaseacceptance,”MarvinSlepian,wholedtheresearch,said.“ToensurethatthebenefitsofAIaresecuredinclinicalpractice,futureresearchonbestmethodsofphysicianincorporationandpatientdecisionmakingisrequired.”Inthisstudy,participantswereplacedintosettingsasmock(模擬的)patientsandaskedwhetherandunderwhatcircumstancestheywouldprefertohaveanAIsystemoraphysicaldoctorfordiagnosisandtreatment.Inthefirstphase,researchersconductedstructuredinterviewswithactualpatients,testingtheirreactionstocurrentandfutureAItechnologies.Inthesecondphase,researcherssurveyed2,472participantsacrossdiverseethnic,racialandsocioeconomic(社會經(jīng)濟學(xué)的)groupsusingablinded,randomizedsurvey.Overall,participantswerealmostevenlysplit(分開),withmorethan52%choosinghumandoctorsasapreferenceandabout47%choosinganAIdiagnosticmethod.IfstudyparticipantswereinformedthattheirprimarycarephysicianfeltAIwassuperior,theacceptanceofAIbystudyparticipantsonre-questioningincreased.Thissignaledthesignificanceofthehumanphysicianinguidingapatient’sdecision.Diseaseseveritydidnotaffectparticipants’trustinAI.Comparedtowhiteparticipants,blackparticipantsselectedAIlessoftenandNativeAmericansselecteditmoreoften.OlderparticipantswerelesslikelytochooseAI,aswerethosewhoself-identifiedaspoliticallyconservative.ThesefindingssuggestthatdifferinggroupswillneedspecificsensitivityandattentionastoinformingthemaboutthevalueandusefulnessofAItoenhancediagnoses.“Ireallyfeelthisstudyhastheimportancefornationalreach.Itwillguidemanyfuturestudiesandclinicaltransitionaldecisionsevennow,”Slepiansaid.“TheonuswillbeonphysiciansandothersinhealthcaretoensurethatinformationinAIsystemsisaccurate,andtocontinuetomaintainandenhancetheaccuracyofAIsystemsastheyplayanincreasingroleinthefutureofhealthcare.”28.WhatcanweinferaboutAItreatmentfromParagraph2?A.Furtherclinicalresearchisrequired.B.Itsbenefitsremaintobeconfirmed.C.Itcanensureagoodlisteningpatientexperience.D.Physicianinvolvementwillincreasepatients’acceptance.29.Whatmayaffectparticipants’preferenceforAItreatmentaccordingtotheresearch?A.TheirsensitivitytoAI’svalue. B.Thequestionstheywereasked.C.Theaccesstothephysicians. D.Theirpersonalbackgrounds.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“onus”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Attempt. B.Responsibility. C.Impression. D.Opportunity.31.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheTrustinAI:ASplitAmongPatientsB.BridgingtheGap:HumanDoctorsandAIC.AnImportantStudy:TheFutureofAISystemsD.ImprovingDiagnosticAccuracy:TheRoleofAI【答案】28.D29.D30.B31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項患者對于在醫(yī)療診斷與治療中使用人工智能態(tài)度的研究，通過實驗的過程來說明新的科學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)及其啟示。28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段““WhilemanypatientsappearresistanttotheuseofAI,accuracyofinformation,encouragementandalisteningpatientexperiencemayhelpincreaseacceptance,”MarvinSlepian,wholedtheresearch,said.“ToensurethatthebenefitsofAIaresecuredinclinicalpractice,futureresearchonbestmethodsofphysicianincorporationandpatientdecisionmakingisrequired.”(“雖然許多患者似乎對使用人工智能有抵觸情緒，但信息的準(zhǔn)確性、鼓勵和傾聽的患者體驗可能有助于提高接受度。”該研究的負(fù)責(zé)人馬文·斯皮安說，“為了確保人工智能的好處在臨床實踐中得到保障，未來需要對醫(yī)生納入和患者決策的最佳方法進(jìn)行研究?！?”可知，醫(yī)生的參與會增加患者對人工智能治療的接受程度。故選D?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Inthesecondphase,researcherssurveyed2,472participantsacrossdiverseethnic,racialandsocioeconomic(社會經(jīng)濟學(xué)的)groupsusingablinded,randomizedsurvey.(在第二階段，研究人員采用盲法隨機調(diào)查，調(diào)查了不同民族、種族和社會經(jīng)濟群體的2472名參與者。)”可知，在第二階段，研究的參與者來自不同背景。再根據(jù)第六段“Diseaseseveritydidnotaffectparticipants’trustinAI.Comparedtowhiteparticipants,blackparticipantsselectedAIlessoftenandNativeAmericansselecteditmoreoften.OlderparticipantswerelesslikelytochooseAI,aswerethosewhoself-identifiedaspoliticallyconservative.ThesefindingssuggestthatdifferinggroupswillneedspecificsensitivityandattentionastoinformingthemaboutthevalueandusefulnessofAItoenhancediagnoses.(疾病嚴(yán)重程度不影響參與者對人工智能的信任。與白人參與者相比，黑人參與者選擇人工智能的頻率更低，而美國原住民選擇人工智能的頻率更高。年齡較大的參與者不太可能選擇人工智能，那些自認(rèn)為是政治保守派的人也是如此。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，不同的群體將需要特定的敏感性和注意力，以告知他們?nèi)斯ぶ悄茉谔岣咴\斷方面的價值和有用性。)”可知，參與者的種族、年齡和政治傾向等個人背景因素對其對人工智能治療的偏好產(chǎn)生了影響。故選D。【30題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段“andtocontinuetomaintainandenhancetheaccuracyofAIsystemsastheyplayanincreasingroleinthefutureofhealthcare.(并繼續(xù)保持和提高人工智能系統(tǒng)的準(zhǔn)確性，因為它們將在未來的醫(yī)療保健中發(fā)揮越來越大的作用。)”可知，保持和提高人工智能系統(tǒng)的準(zhǔn)確性的醫(yī)生和其他醫(yī)療保健人員，所以醫(yī)生和其他醫(yī)療保健人員有責(zé)任確保人工智能系統(tǒng)中的信息準(zhǔn)確。所以劃線詞onus的意思是“責(zé)任”。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。本文屬于研究報告。第一、二段為研究發(fā)現(xiàn)；第三至第六段為主干，以實驗研究過程為線索，通過對比法得出結(jié)論；最后一段為研究啟示。根據(jù)第一、二段研究發(fā)現(xiàn)可知，文章主要介紹的是一項患者對醫(yī)療診斷與治療中使用人工智能的態(tài)度的研究。所以“TheTrustinAI:ASplitAmongPatients(對人工智能的信任：患者之間的分歧)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選A。DTheAgeofInformationisexploding:ifyoutriedtodownloadallthedataavailabletoday,you’dneedmorethan180millionyearstodoso.Butyouarewrongtoassumethatallinformationwouldstimulateaboostofinnovation(創(chuàng)新)tomatchtheoutputofdata.Indeed,thelasttimewefoundourselvesinaperiodofsignificantinnovationwasover120yearsago,calledtheAgeofInsight(洞察力).Innovations,bigorsmall,startwithanewidea.Often,theseideasoccurasamomentofinsight—theresultofanovelconnectioninourbrainsmadebetweenexistingandnewinformation.Studiesshowinsightsinvolvequietsignalsdeepinthebrain.Anythingthathelpsusnoticequietsignalscanincreasethechanceofinsights.However,it’sbecomingmorechallengingtofindthosesignalstoday,everymomentfilledwithanendlesssupplyofcontent.Besides,wealsowanttoincreasethequalityofthemtosortthroughbignewideasandfindthereallyvaluableonesthatcanbehardtomeasure.Launchedin2015,theEurekaScale(尤里卡量表)allowsustoassessthestrengthofourinsightexperiencesonafive-pointscale,namely,intenseemotions,motivation,memoryadvantage,aftershocks,andfollowingideas.TheScalecombinesthesefivevariablesintoasinglevaluetodefinetheimportanceofanewideaandhasbroadapplicationsformeasuringandimprovingindividualandorganizationalperformance.Evenitcanbeusedtomeasuretheimpactofdifferentkindsofworkenvironmentsandlearningapproachesonparticipants’growth.Thelevel-5insight,involvingtherichestemotion,motivation,andlastingimpact,holdsthegreatestsignificance.Inorderfororganizationstobenefitfromanotherageofinsight,it’snotenoughtotrytoaccessmoredataorincreasethenumberofinsightswegenerate.Instead,it’saboutmakingspaceforthebiggestideastoemergefromalltheinformation.UsingtheScaleasawaytomeasurehowimportantideasarewillenablebetterdecision-makingtowardpracticalandcompetitiveoutcomes.Ifwe’retoenteranewageofinsight,wemustmaketimelyandnecessarychangestodesignourenvironmentsforthebestinsightpossibletosurface.32.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcasescanincreasethechanceofinsights?A.Byengaginginongoingsocialmediainteractions.B.Byrelyingontechnologytoreceiveregularnotices.C.Bysteppingawayfromcomputersbetweenmeetings.D.Byparticipatinginadditionaltrainingandcoachingsessions.33.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.TheEurekaScalecontrolstheinfluenceofourinsights.B.Onewithalevel-5insighthasminimalemotionalresponses.C.Boththequantityandqualityofinsightsareessentialtoinnovation.D.Abreakthroughhasbeenmadeininnovationduetoawealthofinformation.34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthecurrentenvironmentforinnovations?A.Uncertain. B.Optimistic. C.Unconcerned. D.Dissatisfied.【答案】32.C33.C34.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。這篇文章主要講述了信息時代的到來以及洞察力對創(chuàng)新的重要性。信息的數(shù)量不斷增加，但并不一定能刺激創(chuàng)新的提升。洞察力是創(chuàng)新的基礎(chǔ)，通過Eureka量表可以評估洞察力的強度和重要性。為了進(jìn)入新的洞察力時代，需要找到那些重要想法的空間，以使它們能夠浮出水面。【32題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Studiesshowinsightsinvolvequietsignalsdeepinthebrain.Anythingthathelpsusnoticequietsignalscanincreasethechanceofinsights.(研究表明，洞察力涉及大腦深處的靜默信號。任何能幫助我們注意到安靜信號的東西都能增加洞察的機會。)”可知，靜默的信號是產(chǎn)生洞察力的一種方式，因此需要避免一些干擾，比如社交媒體，并且需要適當(dāng)?shù)拈g隔來讓大腦有機會產(chǎn)生新的想法，即在會議間隙遠(yuǎn)離電腦可以增加獲得洞察力的可能性。故選C。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Innovations,bigorsmall,startwithanewidea.Often,theseideasoccurasamomentofinsight—theresultofanovelconnectioninourbrainsmadebetweenexistingandnewinformation.(創(chuàng)新，無論大小，都始于一個新的想法。通常，這些想法都是在靈光一現(xiàn)的瞬間產(chǎn)生的——這是我們大腦中在現(xiàn)有信息和新信息之間建立的一種新聯(lián)系的結(jié)果。)”以及第三段中“Besides,wealsowanttoincreasethequalityofthemtosortthroughbignewideasandfindthereallyvaluableonesthatcanbehardtomeasure.(此外，我們還希望提高它們的質(zhì)量，以便對重大的新想法進(jìn)行分類，并找到那些難以衡量的真正有價值的想法。)”以及“Launchedin2015,theEurekaScale(尤里卡量表)allowsustoassessthestrengthofourinsightexperiencesonafive-pointscale(2015年推出的“尤里卡量表”(EurekaScale)允許我們用五分制來評估我們的洞察力體驗的強度)”可知，對于創(chuàng)新不論大小，都需要很多靈光一現(xiàn)的瞬間產(chǎn)生的想法（洞察力）；同時也需要提高洞察力的質(zhì)量，從而才能對重大想法進(jìn)行分類，確定出有真正價值的想法，尤里卡量表以對洞察力的強度進(jìn)行評估進(jìn)行確定。因此洞察的數(shù)量和質(zhì)量對創(chuàng)新都至關(guān)重要。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Inorderfororganizationstobenefitfromanotherageofinsight,it’snotenoughtotrytoaccessmoredataorincreasethenumberofinsightswegenerate.Instead,it’saboutmakingspaceforthebiggestideastoemergefromalltheinformation.(為了讓組織從另一個洞察時代中受益，僅僅嘗試訪問更多數(shù)據(jù)或增加我們產(chǎn)生的洞察數(shù)量是不夠的。相反，它是為從所有信息中脫穎而出的最偉大的想法騰出空間。)”以及第二段中“However,it’sbecomingmorechallengingtofindthosesignalstoday,everymomentfilledwithanendlesssupplyofcontent.(然而，如今要找到這些信號變得越來越困難，因為每時每刻都充斥著無窮無盡的內(nèi)容。)”以及最后一段中“Ifwe’retoenteranewageofinsight,wemustmaketimelyandnecessarychangestodesignourenvironmentsforthebestinsightpossibletosurface.(如果我們要進(jìn)入一個洞察的新時代，我們必須及時做出必要的改變來設(shè)計我們的環(huán)境，以使最好的洞察可能浮出水面。)”可知，對于創(chuàng)新，僅僅嘗試訪問更多數(shù)據(jù)或增加我們產(chǎn)生的洞察數(shù)量是不夠的，而是應(yīng)該為從所有信息中脫穎而出的最偉大的想法騰出空間，可是當(dāng)下隨著科技的日益普及，找到這些安靜的信號變得越來越有挑戰(zhàn)性，故作者對于當(dāng)下的創(chuàng)新環(huán)境是感到不滿意的，因此作者呼吁我們必須設(shè)計我們的環(huán)境，以允許最好的洞察浮出水面。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Onceaniche(小眾)sport,rockclimbinghasbecomeamainstreampleasureenjoyedbymany.____35____However,withrockclimbing’sriseinpopularity,theamazingbiodiversitysustainedbycliffecosystemsisunderpressure.Torelievethisproblem,therearenumeroushelpfulactsyoucando.Thepresenceofclimbersatthecliffwherebindsarenestingcancausethemtoabandontheirchickstostarv