4.4.1排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipe40

4.4.1排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes排水管道布置與敷設(shè)的原則PrinciplesofArrangementandLayingofDrainagePipes建筑內(nèi)部排水系統(tǒng)管道的布置與敷設(shè)直接影響著人們的日常生活和生產(chǎn)，為創(chuàng)造良好的環(huán)境，應(yīng)遵循以下原則：Thearrangementandlayingofdrainagepipesinsidebuildingsdirectlyaffectpeople'sdailylivesandproduction.Tocreateagoodenvironment,thefollowingprinciplesshouldbefollowed:1排水暢通，水力條件好Gooddrainageandhydraulicconditions2保證設(shè)有排水管道房間或場(chǎng)所的正常使用Ensurethenormaluseofroomsorplaceswithdrainagepipes3保證排水管道不受損壞Ensurethatthedrainagepipeswon'tbedamaged4不影響室內(nèi)環(huán)境衛(wèi)生Donotinfluencetheindoorenvironmentandhygienicconditions5施工安裝、維護(hù)管理方便Convenientforconstruction,installation,maintenance,andmanagement一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes1.排水暢通，水力條件好Gooddrainageandhydraulicconditions為使排水管道系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)⑹覂?nèi)產(chǎn)生的污廢水以最短的距離、最短的時(shí)間排出室外，應(yīng)采用水力條件好的管件和連接方法。

Toenablethedrainagepipelinesystemtodischargethesewageandwastewatergeneratedindoorsintheshortestdistanceandtime.Pipefittingswithgoodhydraulicconditionsandconnectionmethodsshallbeadopted.室內(nèi)排水管道的連接Connectionofindoordrainagepipes1衛(wèi)生器具排水管與排水橫支管垂直連接，宜采用90°斜三通。90-degreelateralteesshallbeusedforverticalconnectionsbetweensanitarywaredrainagepipesanddrainagetransversebranchpipes.2橫支管與立管連接，宜采用順?biāo)ɑ蝽標(biāo)耐ê?5°斜三通或45°斜四通；在特殊單立管系統(tǒng)中橫支管與立管連接可采用特殊配件。Straightteeorstraightcross,45-degreelateralteeor45-degreelateralcrossshallbeadoptedwhentransversebranchpipesareconnectedtostandpipes.Specialfittingscanbeadoptedwhentransversebranchpipesareconnectedtostandpipesinaspecialsinglestandpipesystem.3排水立管與排出管端部的連接，宜采用兩個(gè)45°彎頭、彎曲半徑不小于4倍管徑的90°彎頭或90°變徑彎頭。Drainagestandpipesandtheendofdischargepipesshallbeconnectedbytwo45-degreeelbows,90-degreeelbowsor90-degreereducingelbowswithabendingradiusnotlessthan4timesthepipediameter.一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes1.排水暢通，水力條件好Gooddrainageandhydraulicconditions排水支管不宜太長(zhǎng)，盡量少轉(zhuǎn)彎，連接的衛(wèi)生器具不宜太多。

Drainagebranchpipesshouldnotbetoolongandtrynottoturn,andthenumberofconnectedsanitarywaresshouldnotbetoomany.立管宜靠近外墻，靠近排水量大、水中雜質(zhì)多的衛(wèi)生器具。

Standpipesshallbeclosetotheexteriorwallandsanitarywareswithalargedrainagevolumeandmanyimpuritiesinwater.排出管以最短的距離排出室外，盡量避免在室內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)彎。

Dischargepipesshallbeextendedtotheoutsideattheshortestdistance,andindoorrotationsshallbeavoidedasmuchaspossible.一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes2.保證設(shè)有排水管道房間或場(chǎng)所的正常使用Ensurethenormaluseofroomsorplaceswithdrainagepipes在某些房間或場(chǎng)所布置排水管道時(shí)，要保證這些房間或場(chǎng)所正常使用，如橫支管不得穿過(guò)有特殊衛(wèi)生要求的生產(chǎn)廠房、食品及貴重商品倉(cāng)庫(kù)、通風(fēng)小室和變電室。

Whenarrangingdrainagepipesinsomeroomsorplaces,weneedtoensurethenormaluseoftheseroomsorplaces.Forexample,transversebranchpipesshouldnotpassthroughproductionplantswithspecialhygienerequirements,foodandpreciouscommoditieswarehouses,ventilatedsmallroomsandtransformerrooms.不得布置在遇水易引起燃燒、爆炸或損壞的原料、產(chǎn)品和設(shè)備上面。

Drainagepipesshallnotbesetontherawmaterials,productsandequipmentthatareeasytocausecombustion,explosionordamagewhenexposedtowater.不得布置在食堂、飲食業(yè)的主副食操作烹調(diào)場(chǎng)所的上方。

Drainagepipesshallnotbesetabovethecookingplaceofstapleandnon-staplefoodinthecanteenandcateringindustry.變電室Transformerroom廚房Kitchen廚房倉(cāng)庫(kù)Kitchenwarehouse一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes3.保證排水管道不受損壞Ensurethatthedrainagepipeswon'tbedamaged為使排水系統(tǒng)安全可靠的使用，必須保證排水管道不會(huì)受到腐蝕、外力、熱烤等破壞。如：Toensurethesafeandreliableuseofthedrainagesystem,itisnecessarytoensurethatdrainagepipeswillnotbedamagedbycorrosion,externalforce,heating,etc.Forexample:沉降縫Settlementjoint煙道Flue1管道不得穿過(guò)沉降縫、煙道、風(fēng)道；管道穿過(guò)承重墻和基礎(chǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)預(yù)留洞。Thepipesshallnotpassthroughsettlementjoints,fluesandairducts;holesshallbereservedwhenpipespassthroughload-bearingwallsandfoundations.一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes2埋地管不得布置在可能受重物壓壞處或穿越生產(chǎn)設(shè)備基礎(chǔ)。Buriedpipesshallnotbesetatplacesthatmaybecrushedbyheavyobjectsorpassthroughthefoundationofproductionequipment.3不應(yīng)布置在易受機(jī)械撞擊處；當(dāng)不能避免時(shí)，應(yīng)采取保護(hù)措施。Drainagepipesshallnotbesetatplacessusceptibletomechanicalimpact,andprotectivemeasuresshallbetakenwhenitisunavoidable.5濕陷性黃土地區(qū)橫干管應(yīng)設(shè)在地溝內(nèi)。Transversecrossmainsshallbesetintrenchesinareasofwettedloess.6排水立管應(yīng)采用柔性接口。Drainagestandpipesshalladoptflexiblejoints.4塑料排水管道應(yīng)遠(yuǎn)離溫度高的設(shè)備和裝置，在匯合配件處（如三通）設(shè)置伸縮節(jié)等。Plasticdrainagepipesshallbefarawayfromhigh-temperatureequipmentanddevices,andexpansionjointsshallbesetatconfluencefittings(suchastees).水泵基礎(chǔ)Waterpumpfoundation一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes4.不影響室內(nèi)環(huán)境衛(wèi)生Donotinfluencetheindoorenvironmentandhygienicconditions1為創(chuàng)造一個(gè)安全、衛(wèi)生、舒適、安靜、美觀的生活、生產(chǎn)環(huán)境，排水管、通氣管不得穿越住戶客廳、餐廳，排水立管不宜靠近與臥室相鄰的內(nèi)墻。Tocreateasafe,hygienic,comfortable,quiet,beautifullifeandproductionenvironment,drainagepipesandventpipesshouldnotpassthroughthelivingroomsanddiningroomsofresidents,anddrainagestandpipesshouldnotbeclosetotheinteriorwallsadjacenttobedrooms.2不宜穿越櫥窗、壁柜，不得穿越貯藏室。Shallnotpassthroughshowwindows,wallcabinets,orstoragerooms.3不得穿越臥室、客房、病房和宿舍等人員居住的房間。Shallnotpassthroughbedrooms,guestrooms,wards,dormitories,andotherroomswherepeoplelive.4不得穿越生活飲用水池（箱）上方。Shouldnotbeallowedtopassoverthedomesticdrinkingwaterpools(tanks).5商品住宅衛(wèi)生間的衛(wèi)生器具排水管不宜穿越樓板進(jìn)入他戶。Thesanitarywaredrainagepipesintherestroomsofcommercialresidentialbuildingsshallnotpassthroughfloorslabstoenterotherhouseholds.6住宅廚房間的廢水不得與衛(wèi)生間的污水合用一根立管。Inresidentialbuildings,kitchenwastewaterandrestroomsewageshallnotbedischargedthroughthesameverticalpipe.一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes最低排水橫支管與排出管起點(diǎn)管內(nèi)底的距離Distancebetweenthelowestdrainagetransversebranchpipeandtheinternalbottomofthestartingpointpipeandthedischargepipe建筑層數(shù)較多，底層橫支管與立管連接處至立管底部的距離小于下表規(guī)定的最小距離時(shí)，底部支管應(yīng)單獨(dú)排出。Whenthebuildingshavealargenumberoffloorsandthedistancefromtheconnectionofbottomtransversebranchpipesandstandpipestothebottomofstandpipesislessthantheminimumdistancesetinthetablebelow,thebottombranchpipeshallbedischargedseparately.立管連接衛(wèi)生器具的層數(shù)Numberoflayersofstandpipesconnectingsanitaryware垂直距離Verticaldistance僅設(shè)伸頂通氣Onlysetstackvent設(shè)通氣立管Setventstack≤40.45按配件最小安裝尺寸確定Determinedbytheminimuminstallationsizeofthefittings5~60.757~121.2013~19底層單獨(dú)排出Thesewageatthegroundlevelisdischargedseparately0.75≥201.20最低橫支管與立管連接處至立管管底的最小垂直距離（m）MinimumVerticalDistancefromtheConnectionoftheLowestTransverseBranch

PipetotheStandpipetotheBottomoftheStandpipe（m）一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes1當(dāng)排水支管連接在排出管或排水橫干管上時(shí)，連接點(diǎn)距立管底部下游水平距離不得小于1.5m。Whenthedrainagebranchpipeisconnectedtothedischargepipeorthedrainagetransversemainpipe,thehorizontaldistancebetweentheconnectionpointandthedownstreamofthebottomoftheverticalshallnotbelessthan1.5meters.2排水支管接入橫干管豎直轉(zhuǎn)向管段時(shí)，連接點(diǎn)應(yīng)距轉(zhuǎn)向處以下不得小于0.6m。Whenthedrainagebranchpipeisconnectedtotheverticalrotatingpipesectionofthetransversemainpipe,theconnectionpointshallnotbelessthan0.6metersbelowtherotatingpoint.3當(dāng)靠近排水立管底部的排水支管的連接，不能滿足以上要求時(shí)，則排水支管應(yīng)單獨(dú)排出室外檢查井或采取有效的防反壓措施。Whentheconnectionofthedrainagebranchpipenearthebottomoftheverticaldrainagepipescannotmeettheaboverequirements,thedrainagebranchpipeshallbeseparatelyextendedtotheoutdoorinspectionwelloreffectiveanti-backpressuremeasuresshallbetaken.排水橫支管與排出管或橫干管的連接Connectionofdrainagetransversebranchpipesanddischargepipesortransversemainpipes一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes5.施工安裝、維護(hù)管理方便Convenientforconstruction,installation,maintenance,andmanagement1為便于施工安裝，管道距樓板和墻應(yīng)有一定的距離。為便于日常維護(hù)管理，排水立管宜靠近外墻，以減少埋地橫干管的長(zhǎng)度；對(duì)于廢水含有大量的懸浮物或沉淀物，管道需要經(jīng)常沖洗，排水支管較多，排水點(diǎn)的位置不固定的公共餐飲業(yè)的廚房、公共浴池、洗衣房、生產(chǎn)車間可以用排水溝代替排水管。Tofacilitateconstructionandinstallation,thereshallbeacertaindistancebetweenthepipesandtheslabaswellaswall.Toprovideconveniencefordailymaintenanceandmanagement,drainagestandpipesshallbeadjacenttoexteriorwallstoreducethelengthofburiedtransversemainpipes.Pipesshouldoftenbeflushedwhentherearelargeamountsofsuspendedsolidsanddregsinsewage.Drainagepipescanbereplacedbydrainageditchesforkitchensofpubliccatering,publicbaths,laundry,productionworkshopswithmoredrainagebranchpipesandthelocationofdrainagespotsnotfixed.2應(yīng)按規(guī)范規(guī)定設(shè)置檢查口或清掃口。Inspectionaccessorcleanoutshallbesetaccordingtotheregulatoryrequirements.一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes方式Mode下列構(gòu)筑物和設(shè)備的排水管與生活排水管道系統(tǒng)應(yīng)采取間接排水的方式：Drainagepipesanddomesticdrainagepipesystemsofthefollowingstructuresandequipmentshallbeindirectlydrained:1生活飲用水貯水箱（池）的泄水管和溢流管。Drainpipeandoverflowpipeofdomesticdrinkingwatertank(pool).2開(kāi)水器、熱水器排水。Drainageofwaterboilerandwaterheater.3醫(yī)療滅菌消毒設(shè)備的排水。Drainageofmedicalsterilizationanddisinfectionequipment.4蒸發(fā)式冷卻器、空調(diào)設(shè)備冷凝水的排水。Drainageofcondensatewaterfromevaporativecoolersandairconditioningequipment.5貯存食品或飲料的冷藏庫(kù)房的地面排水和冷風(fēng)機(jī)溶霜水盤(pán)的排水。Grounddrainageofrefrigeratedwarehouseswherefoodorbeveragesarestoredanddrainageofdefrostingwatertraysofaircoolers.一、排水管道的布置ArrangementofDrainagePipes設(shè)備間接排水宜排入鄰近的洗滌盆、地漏。當(dāng)無(wú)條件時(shí)，可設(shè)置排水明溝、排水漏斗或容器。間接排水的漏斗或容器不得產(chǎn)生濺水、溢流，并應(yīng)布置在容易檢查、清潔的位置。間接排水口最小空氣間隙如圖所示，宜按下表確定。Indirectdrainagewaterofequipmentshallbedischargedintoadjacentsinksandfloordrains.Whenconditionsdonotpermit,opendrains,drainagefunnelsorcontainerscanbesetup.Thefunnelorcontainerforindirectdrainageshallnotcausesplashingoroverflowandshallbeinstalledinapositionwhereitiseasytoinspectandclean.Theminimumairgapoftheindirectdrainoutletisshowninthefigureandshallbedeterminedaccordingtothefollowingtable.間接排水管管徑Thediameteroftheindirectdrainagepipe排水口最小空氣間隙Theminimumairgapatthedrainageport≤255032~50100＞50150飲料用貯水箱排水口Tankdrainageportforbeverage≥150間接排水口最小空氣間隙(mm)MinimumAirGapatIndirectDrainagePort(mm)一