中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用題型三閱讀理解

淄博題型三閱讀了解1/332/33還原型閱讀了解考生因?yàn)槿狈壿嬎季S能力而不能正確理清文章邏輯關(guān)系，在做本題時(shí)輕易選錯(cuò)，是中考中失分嚴(yán)重題型。3/33一、閱讀了解“三步定位法”第一步看題干，定位題干關(guān)鍵詞。先看問(wèn)題，找出題干中關(guān)鍵詞，猜測(cè)文章大意。第二步讀文章，以詞定位找原文。帶著關(guān)鍵詞快速通讀全文，畫出與題干內(nèi)容相關(guān)詞匯和句子，并在腦海中形成篇章結(jié)構(gòu)圖。4/33第三步回看題，連線解讀定答案。細(xì)讀題干、選項(xiàng)，針對(duì)已畫出原文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行定位，精準(zhǔn)連線，鎖定答案。5/33二、詳細(xì)解題技巧(一)選擇型閱讀了解1．細(xì)節(jié)了解題該題型多從文章某個(gè)詳細(xì)事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)出發(fā)來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)題目，屬于表層了解題范圍，難度較小，但所占百分比最大，普通占總分值60%～85%。常見(jiàn)命題方式：用what,where,which,why,who,how等疑問(wèn)詞進(jìn)行提問(wèn)；用accordingto...

6/33開(kāi)頭，后接短文詳細(xì)內(nèi)容；用動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)、介賓結(jié)構(gòu)、系表結(jié)構(gòu)等設(shè)題方式；以．..because提問(wèn)方式等。7/33解答該類題目時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：(1)若問(wèn)題答案是文中原句，直接作答即可；(2)若問(wèn)題答案包括是總結(jié)性句子，要尤其注意對(duì)原文中與答案相關(guān)句子總結(jié)。8/33IgrewupinNewHampshire,asmalltowninSouthCanada,whereinmyfather'swordsfortheseasonswere“Spring,Summer,FairtimeandWinter！”Atthattime,aweek-longfair(集市)washeldinthetowneveryautumn.Thousandsofpeoplefromothertownscametosellandbuythings.Itwasthebusiesttimeoftheyear.9/33Q:Thousandsofpeoplecametothetownto

atthefair.A．enjoyGrandma'sfoodB．sellandbuythingsC．learntocookD．haveabigparty10/33【解析】B由本段第三句話可知，數(shù)千人來(lái)到小鎮(zhèn)上是為了在集市上買賣東西，故選B。11/332．推理判斷題該題型命題方式主要有：對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)推理判斷、對(duì)某個(gè)問(wèn)題或某一部分觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度推理判斷；對(duì)作者在整篇文章中態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)和寫作意圖推理判斷。常見(jiàn)提問(wèn)方式：12/33(1)Thesentence/paragraph/passageinfersthat...；(2)Wecanlearnfromthesentence/paragraph/passagethat...;(3)Thesentence/paragraph/passageimpliesthat...；(4)Bysaying...,theauthormeans...；(5)Whatcanweinferfromthe...；(6)Attheendofthepassagethewritersuggests...；(7)Fromthesecondexamplewecaninferthat...；(8)Itcanbeconcluded/inferredfromthepassagethat...13/33Oneday,alittleboydecidedtodigaholebehindhishouseafterwatchingascienceprogram.Ashewasworking,acoupleofboysstoppedbytowatch.“Whatareyoudoing？”askedoneofthevisitors.“Iwanttodigadeepholeallthewaythroughtheearth！”theboyansweredexcitedly.Theolderboysbegantolaugh,tellinghimthatitwasimpossibletodoit.Thentheyleft.14/33Q:Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheolderboysthinkthelittleboyis

．A．sillyB．strictC．friendlyD．strong-minded15/33【解析】A由本段倒數(shù)第二句可知，那些年紀(jì)大一些男孩嘲笑小男孩，說(shuō)他不可能完成那件事，由此可推斷，他們以為小男孩很愚蠢，故選A。16/333．詞義猜測(cè)題該題型要求學(xué)生充分了解文章，有時(shí)還要結(jié)合英語(yǔ)構(gòu)詞法、語(yǔ)法及相關(guān)知識(shí)進(jìn)行合理猜測(cè)。17/33Aserioussandstorm(沙塵暴)hashitBeijing,togetherwithfivetosevendegreestrongwind.AgreatyellowdustcloudenvelopedtheChinesecapitallastSunday.Q:Whatdoestheunderlinedword“enveloped”meaninthispassageA．信封B．遮蓋C．刮走D．灰塵18/33【解析】B由前文可知，沙塵暴攻擊了北京，再結(jié)合句法知識(shí)可知envelop在此是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，排除A、D項(xiàng)；再結(jié)合生活常識(shí)可判斷envelop在此處表示“遮蓋”之意，故選B。19/334．主旨大意題該題型文章考查考生對(duì)文章整體了解及對(duì)主旨大意概括能力。常見(jiàn)提問(wèn)方式：(1)Whatisthemainidea/subject/topicofthepassage；(2)Theauthorismainlyconcernedwith...；(3)Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss；(4)Thepassageismainlyabout...；(5)Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthemainideaofthepassage20/33解答該類題目時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：(1)注意文章標(biāo)題、開(kāi)頭、結(jié)尾、中間主題句；(2)以原文為依據(jù)，只選最適合原文，不要摻雜個(gè)人意見(jiàn)；(3)注意絕對(duì)化單詞，如all,must等；(4)防止以偏概全干擾項(xiàng)。21/33Schoolswillgoelectronic.Computerswillbeimportantandpopularamongthestudents.Everythingwillbeinthecomputerandstudentswillnotneedtobringbookstoschool.TheywillfindinformationontheInternet.Acomputerwillbethestudents'library,schoolbagandconnectiontotheoutsideworld.Therewillberobotteachers.Theywillcheckhomeworkoncomputersandcommunicatewiththestudents'parentsthroughe-mail.22/33Q:What'sthemainideaofthispassageA．Schoolswillgoelectronic.B．Computerswillbeimportant.C．Therewillberobotteachers.D．Teacherswillcommunicatewiththestudents'parentsthroughe-mail.23/33【解析】A第一句為中心句，后面是對(duì)其進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展和敘述，故選A。24/335．?dāng)?shù)字推算題要求學(xué)生依據(jù)提供數(shù)據(jù)以及內(nèi)在關(guān)系進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單計(jì)算和推斷。IwonaprizeforoneofmypaintingswhenIwasfourteen.ThatmaybewhyIwenttoartschoolfouryearslater...WhenIleftschool,Igotsomemoney.Ihopetobecomeafull-timepainter.25/33Q:Whenfinishingschoolstudies,thewriterwasabout

．A．14B．16C．18D．2126/33【解析】D作者14歲因繪畫獲獎(jiǎng)，18歲進(jìn)入美術(shù)學(xué)校，畢業(yè)時(shí)一定在18歲以上，故選D。27/33(二)還原型閱讀了解1．閱讀了解五選四答題關(guān)鍵是對(duì)語(yǔ)段、全文結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容了解和把握。2．做題時(shí)要先讀五個(gè)選項(xiàng)，然后再讀文章。抓住關(guān)鍵詞，邊讀邊做題，先易后難，重點(diǎn)閱讀設(shè)空處附近句子，圈定線索詞。從選項(xiàng)中尋找相關(guān)詞，以確定答案。做題時(shí)要尤其注意以下幾類詞：28/33(1)代詞或定冠詞。做題時(shí)，一定要注意句子中出現(xiàn)人稱代詞或者指示代詞。代詞是指代一個(gè)名詞或者一個(gè)句子，經(jīng)過(guò)代詞在句子中所作成份可推斷出它指代句子類型。29/33(2)特殊疑問(wèn)詞。假如選項(xiàng)中或設(shè)空前出現(xiàn)特殊疑問(wèn)詞，一定要把這句話仔細(xì)讀幾遍，因?yàn)閷?duì)于不一樣特殊疑問(wèn)詞回答方式是不一樣。比如對(duì)why回答，后面要有because等表原因詞；對(duì)when回答，后面要有表時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；對(duì)where回答，后面要有表地點(diǎn)名詞；對(duì)how回答，后面要有方式狀語(yǔ)等。30/33(3)連詞。經(jīng)過(guò)不一樣連詞我們能夠推知句子與句子之間關(guān)系。常在文章中出現(xiàn)表示轉(zhuǎn)折連詞有but,however,yet,though,nevertheless等，表示并列關(guān)系連詞有and,also,aswellas,neithernor,eitheror,notonly.