四川省攀枝花市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末英語試題 含解析

攀枝花市2023-2024學(xué)年度(上)普通高中教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)2024.1高一英語試題卷本試題卷共10頁?？忌鞔饡r(shí)，須將答案答在答題卡上，在本試題卷、草稿紙上答題無效。滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考號(hào)填寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。并用2B鉛筆將答題卡考號(hào)對(duì)應(yīng)數(shù)字標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。2.答選擇題時(shí)，必須使用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)。3.答非選擇題時(shí)，必須使用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆在答題卡上題目所指示的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答。答在試題卷上無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從試題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.&19.15.B.&9.18.C.&9.15.答案是C。1.Whichkindofmatcharethespeakersgoingtowatch?A.Basketball.B.Volleyball.C.Football.2.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atnoon.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.3.Whichhomeworkdoestheboyusuallydofirst?A.Math.B.History.C.English.4.Howmuchwillthemanpayfortwodays'rent?A$19.B.$38.C.$57.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Rain.B.Homework.C.Hobbies.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdidElladointhegirl'sclass?A.Shetaughtsciencelessons.B.Shedidexperiments.C.Shegaveaspeech.7.Whatdoesthegirlwanttobecomeinthefuture?A.Ananimaldoctor.B.Afamousteacher.C.Ascientist.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Salesgirlandcustomer.C.Husbandandwife.9.Whatcolorsuitdoesthemandecidetobuy?A.Brown.B.Blue.C.Yellow.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wherewillthewomangotomorrowafternoon?A.TheLondonZoo.B.TheTowerofLondon.C.TheBritishMuseum.11.HowmanydayswillthewomanstayinLondon?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.12.WhywillthegirlstayinEdinburghmostofherday?A.Todoastudy.B.Toseehersister.C.Tomeetafriend.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthemangoingtodoonthe5thfloor?A.Havedinner.B.Watchamovie.C.Visitafriend.14.Wheredoesthemancomefrom?A.America.B.Britain.C.Canada.15.Whatcausestheman'strouble?A.HispoorEnglish.B.Thedifferencebetweenlanguages.C.Thatheisnotfamiliarwiththiscity.16.Whereisthewashroomaccordingtothewoman?A.Onthefirstfloor.B.Onthesecondfloor.C.Onthefifthfloor.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhydidthespeakercometoChina?A.Tostudy.B.Todobusiness.C.Tovisitfriends.18.HowlongdidthespeakerstayinChina?A.About2weeks.B.About10weeks.C.About3months.19.Whatdidthespeakerfailtofindonherown?A.Salad.B.Tomatosauce.C.Bread.20.Howdidthewomanunderstandwhatthespeakerwanted?A.Byusinghandgestures.B.Byusingatranslatordevice.C.Byaskingforherson'shelp.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheBuckheadareaofAtlantaisfilledwithmust-seeattractions(景點(diǎn))andthingstodo,includingmuseums,theaters,nightlifeandparks.LegolandDiscoveryCenterLegolandDiscoveryCenterislocatedintheheartofBuckhead.CheckoutPirateAdventureIslandwherechildrenandtheirparentscantakepartinmanyactivities,suchasbuildingasandcastle,creatingatreasuremapandapirateship.Pleasecall212-868-4444.AtlantaHistoryCenterForanyonestronglyhopingtohavealookintothepast,theAtlantaHistoryCenteristheanswer.Youcaneasilyspendanentiredayhere.Takeanafternoontotakeawalkthroughtheattractivegardens,exhibitions,andanumberofhistorichouses.Pleasecall212-239-6200.ChastainMemorialParkChastainMemorialParkisAtlanta’slargestcitypark.Besidesthepark’sjoggingpaths,playgrounds,swimmingpool,tenniscourts,golfcourse,andhorsepark,itishometotheChastainArtsCenter,whichoffersyear-roundprogrammingandagiftshop.Pleasecall212-967-7555.BuckheadTheatreBuckheadTheatrehasvariousperformancesandevents,includinglectures,comedies,Broadwayplays,liveconcerts,andmore.Pleasecall212-719-1300.1.Whichisthebestplaceforfamilyactivities?A.BuckheadTheatre. B.AtlantaHistoryCenter.C.ChastainMemorialPark. D.LegolandDiscoveryCenter.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoinChastainMemorialPark?A.Enjoyliveconcerts. B.Tastedeliciousfoods.C.Joininsportsactivities. D.Experienceracingcars.3.WhichnumberdoyoucalltogetinformationaboutBuckheadTheatre?A212-967-7555. B.212-719-1300. C.212-239-6200. D.212-868-4444.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章簡(jiǎn)要介紹了亞特蘭大的巴克黑德地區(qū)四個(gè)必看的景點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LegolandDiscoveryCenter中“CheckoutPirateAdventureIslandwherechildrenandtheirparentscantakepartinmanyactivities,suchasbuildingasandcastle,creatingatreasuremapandapirateship.(看看海盜冒險(xiǎn)島，孩子們和他們的父母可以在那里參加許多活動(dòng)，比如建造沙堡，制作藏寶圖和海盜船)”可知，在樂高探索中心，孩子們和父母可以一起參加許多活動(dòng)，因此這里是家庭活動(dòng)的最佳場(chǎng)所。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ChastainMemorialPark中“Besidesthepark’sjoggingpaths,playgrounds,swimmingpool,tenniscourts,golfcourse,andhorsepark,itishometotheChastainArtsCenter,whichoffersyear-roundprogrammingandagiftshop.(除了公園的慢跑路徑、操場(chǎng)、游泳池、網(wǎng)球場(chǎng)、高爾夫球場(chǎng)和賽馬公園，它是家Chastain藝術(shù)中心，提供全年的節(jié)目和禮品店)”可知，游客可以在Chastain紀(jì)念公園參加體育活動(dòng)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BuckheadTheatre中“Pleasecall212-719-1300.(請(qǐng)撥打212-719-1300)”可知，想了解Buckhead劇院的信息，應(yīng)該撥打212-719-1300。故選B項(xiàng)。BMydaddoesn’tseemlikethekindofguywhowouldbakegreatbread,butheisandhedoes.EverySaturdayheproduceshomemadebread.Whenhe’sfinished,thewholehousesmellsdelicious.Therestoftheweek,Dadworksasamechanic(機(jī)修工).ThecarrepairshopwhereDadworksisrunningsowellthatheisalwaysbusy.Heisunderalotofstress.IthinkDadbeganbakingbreadtohelphimrelax.I’vebeenfeelingkindofstressedoutmyselfsinceIfoundoutIfailedtojointheschoolswimteam.NowI’llhavetowaitawholeyeartotryoutagain.Besides,I’mtakingsomedifficultclassesthisyear.IthinkDadknewIwasfeelingbad.LastSaturdayheaskedmehowthingsweregoing.IsaidOK,eventhoughIdidn’tfeelOKatall.Helookedatmeforamoment,andthenhesaiditwastimeformetohelp.Thenheheadedtothekitchen.Ifollowedrightbehindhim.Oncewewerethere,Dadgotouthisbigmixingbowl,handedmealargewoodenspoon,andtoldmetomixwhileheaddedtheingredients(配料).Dadisn’tbigonmeasuring.Heknowshowmuchofeachingredienttouse,andthebreadalwaysturnsoutgreat.WhenIhadfinished,Dadshowedmehowtokneadthedough(揉面團(tuán)).Nextcamethemostdifficultpart—doingnothing.Weputthedoughbackintothebowlandthenwewaitedformorethananhourforthedoughtoslowlyriseanddoubleinsize.Next,wedivideditintotwoandwaitedforittoriseagain.Afterthat,weputthedoughintopans(烤盤)andwaitedanotherhourforthedoughtoriseanddouble.Dadsaidthewaitingisalwaysthehardestpart.“Listentome,Diana.It’shardtoresistputtingthedoughdirectlyintothebakingoven,butifyoudo,thebreadwillbehard.Themostimportantlessonofallislearningtobepatient.”Dadtaughtmemorethanhowtobakebread.4.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor’sfather?A.Heislivingarelaxinglife. B.Hetrieshisbesttoraisehisfamily.C.Hehasaspecialwaytodealwithstress. D.Heismorelikeabakerthanamechanic.5.Whyistheauthorfeelingstressed?A.Shecouldn’tfinishherhomework. B.Sheistiredofmakingbread.C.Herschoollifeisn’tsatisfying. D.Shefailedsomedifficultexams.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Dadisn’tbigonmeasuring”inParagraph5mean?A.Dadneedsmetomeasure. B.Daddoesn’tlikemeasuring.C.Dadiscarefulaboutingredients. D.Dadisinexperiencedinbreadbaking.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.AValuableLifeLesson B.EnjoyableHouseworkC.Father’sUniqueWaytoRelax D.TheSecretofDeliciousBread【答案】4.C5.C6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者的父親每個(gè)星期六都會(huì)自制面包，這是他的一種放松方式。作者因?yàn)槲茨芗尤雽W(xué)校游泳隊(duì)和面臨困難的課程而感到壓力，父親察覺到了這一點(diǎn)，并邀請(qǐng)作者一起制作面包。在制作面包的過程中，父親不僅教作者如何操作，還強(qiáng)調(diào)了耐心的重要性。通過這個(gè)過程，父親向作者傳達(dá)了生活的智慧和應(yīng)對(duì)壓力的方法。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ThecarrepairshopwhereDadworksisrunningsowellthatheisalwaysbusy.Heisunderalotofstress.IthinkDadbeganbakingbreadtohelphimrelax.(爸爸工作的汽車修理店經(jīng)營得很好，他總是很忙。他壓力很大。我想爸爸開始烤面包是為了讓自己放松)”可知，作者的父親通過烤面包這種特殊的方法來處理壓力。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“I’vebeenfeelingkindofstressedoutmyselfsinceIfoundoutIfailedtojointheschoolswimteam.NowI’llhavetowaitawholeyeartotryoutagain.Besides,I’mtakingsomedifficultclassesthisyear.(自從我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己沒能加入學(xué)校游泳隊(duì)后，我一直感到壓力很大?，F(xiàn)在我要等整整一年才能再試一次。此外，我今年要上一些很難的課)”可知，作者感到壓力很大是因?yàn)樗膶W(xué)校生活并不令人滿意。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線句的上文“Oncewewerethere,Dadgotouthisbigmixingbowl,handedmealargewoodenspoon,andtoldmetomixwhileheaddedtheingredients(配料).(到了那里，爸爸拿出他的大碗，遞給我一個(gè)大木勺，讓我攪拌，他一邊加配料)”和下文“Heknowshowmuchofeachingredienttouse,andthebreadalwaysturnsoutgreat.(他知道每種食材的用量，做的面包總是很好吃)”可知，爸爸負(fù)責(zé)加配料，而且他能精準(zhǔn)地把控食材的用量。由此推知，爸爸并不喜歡測(cè)量配料的量，而是憑自己感覺來添加。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段中““Listentome,Diana.It’shardtoresistputtingthedoughdirectlyintothebakingoven,butifyoudo,thebreadwillbehard.Themostimportantlessonofallislearningtobepatient.”Dadtaughtmemorethanhowtobakebread.(“聽我說，Diana。把面團(tuán)直接放進(jìn)烤箱是很難抗拒的，但如果你這么做了，面包就會(huì)變硬。最重要的一課是學(xué)會(huì)耐心?！卑职纸涛业牟粌H僅是如何烤面包)”可知，文章講述了作者的父親每個(gè)星期六都會(huì)自制面包，這是他的一種放松方式。作者因?yàn)槲茨芗尤雽W(xué)校游泳隊(duì)和面臨困難的課程而感到壓力，父親察覺到了這一點(diǎn)，并邀請(qǐng)作者一起制作面包。在制作面包的過程中，父親不僅教作者如何操作，還強(qiáng)調(diào)了耐心的重要性。通過這個(gè)過程，父親向作者傳達(dá)了生活的智慧和應(yīng)對(duì)壓力的方法，給作者上了人生寶貴的一課。因此，A項(xiàng)“人生寶貴一課”最契合文章主旨，適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。CScientistssayahugepercentageofbirdspecies(物種)areindangerbecausetheirhabitats(棲息地)aredisappearing.Traditionalmigrationpathstakebirdsthroughcountriesthatarenotprotectingtheplacesforbirdstostop,restandfeed.Thescientistsstudiedthemigrationorflightpathsofalmost1,500species.Theydecidedthat91percentofthempassedthroughdangerousareas.Themajordangerformigratorybirdsisdevelopment.Buildingshavecoveredtheplaceswherebirdsstopandfeedastheymovefromonepartoftheworldtoanother.Oneofthescientistswhoworkedonthestudysays,“Manyoftheseimportantplaceshavebeenlosttolandreclamation(開墾)becauseofthedevelopmentofindustrial,agriculturalandcityconstruction’slandexpansion(擴(kuò)張)”.Theproblem,accordingtoscientists,isthatmanyofthesesmallbirdsdiealongtheirmigrationpathsbecausetheydon’thaveasafeplacetofeedandrest.Thereisnoplacetopickuptheirenergyforthenextpartoftheirjourney.CountriesinNorthAfrica,CentralAsiaandthosealongthecoastsofEastAsiaarehavingthemostdifficulttimeinprotectingland.Thescientistssaythesecountriesdonothaveenoughareasthataresafeforbirds.Onespeciesthatdoesn’texistnowistheEskimocurlew.“Ourworldgetspoorereverytimeweloseaspecies,”oneofthescientistssays.Theresearcherssaycountriesneedtoworktogetherandcomeupwithsafestoppingareasforbirdsthatflyovertheircountries.Forexample,onecountrymighthavesafeareasformigratingbirds.Butaneighborcountrymightnot.Abirdmightdie.OnescientisttellsLosAngelesTimesthatwhilesomehabitatsarechanging,moreworkcanbedonetomakecityareassafeforbirds.Hesayssmallchanges,likeplantingmorenativeplantsorkeepingcatsoutoftheareasthatbirdswouldbelikelytouse,couldmakeabigdifference.8.Whatisthemainreasonforthedisappearanceofbird’shabitats?A.Seriousillnesses. B.Overuseoflandbyhumans.C.Therisingofsealevel. D.Thechangeofclimate.9.Manysmallbirdslosetheirlivesonthewayofmigrationmainlybecause________.A.theyhavenosafeplacetofeedandrest B.theyhavetotakealongjourneyC.theyarekilledbyotheranimals D.theyareharmedbyhumans10.Accordingtothelasttwoparagraphs,howshouldweprotectthemigratingbirds?A.Bykeepingfewerdogs.B.Byrepairingtheirdestroyedhabitats.C.Bychangingthebirds’migrationhabits.D.Byimprovingtheconditionsontheirmigrationpaths.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toaskpeopletoprotectthemigratingbirds.B.Torequirepeopletostoptheirdevelopment.C.Totellpeoplethatmanybirdspeciesareindanger.D.Tooffersomesolutionstotheproblemofbirds’habitats.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了由于棲息地的消失，許多鳥類處于危險(xiǎn)之中。人類對(duì)土地的過度使用使得棲息地消失，候鳥喪失了在途中覓食和休息的機(jī)會(huì)，很多小鳥因此死亡。文章呼吁通過國際合作保護(hù)鳥類，并提出簡(jiǎn)單措施以改善城市中鳥類生存的環(huán)境?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Themajordangerformigratorybirdsisdevelopment.Buildingshavecoveredtheplaceswherebirdsstopandfeedastheymovefromonepartoftheworldtoanother.Oneofthescientistswhoworkedonthestudysays,“Manyoftheseimportantplaceshavebeenlosttolandreclamation(開墾)becauseofthedevelopmentofindustrial,agriculturalandcityconstruction’slandexpansion(擴(kuò)張)”.(對(duì)候鳥來說，主要的危險(xiǎn)是發(fā)展。當(dāng)鳥類從世界的一個(gè)地方飛到另一個(gè)地方時(shí)，建筑物覆蓋了它們停下來覓食的地方。參與這項(xiàng)研究的一位科學(xué)家表示“由于工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)和城市建設(shè)的土地?cái)U(kuò)張，這些重要的地方中有許多已經(jīng)被土地開墾所取代?！?”可知，人類對(duì)土地的過度使用是鳥類棲息地消失的主要原因。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Theproblem,accordingtoscientists,isthatmanyofthesesmallbirdsdiealongtheirmigrationpathsbecausetheydon’thaveasafeplacetofeedandrest.(根據(jù)科學(xué)家的說法，問題是許多這些小鳥在遷徙途中死亡，因?yàn)樗鼈儧]有安全的地方覓食和休息)”可知，它們死亡的主要原因是沒有安全的地方覓食和休息。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后兩段“OnescientisttellsLosAngelesTimesthatwhilesomehabitatsarechanging,moreworkcanbedonetomakecityareassafeforbirds.(一位科學(xué)家告訴《洛杉磯時(shí)報(bào)》，雖然一些棲息地正在發(fā)生變化，但可以做更多的工作來使城市地區(qū)對(duì)鳥類來說是安全的)”和“Hesayssmallchanges,likeplantingmorenativeplantsorkeepingcatsoutoftheareasthatbirdswouldbelikelytouse,couldmakeabigdifference.(他說，一些小的改變，比如種植更多的本地植物，或者讓貓遠(yuǎn)離鳥類可能使用的區(qū)域，可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生很大的影響)”可知，通過改善候鳥遷徙路徑上城市區(qū)域的生存環(huán)境，使之變得安全，我們從而可以保護(hù)候鳥。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Scientistssayahugepercentageofbirdspecies(物種)areindangerbecausetheirhabitats(棲息地)aredisappearing.(科學(xué)家表示，由于棲息地正在消失，很大一部分鳥類處于危險(xiǎn)之中)”可知，文章首先指出鳥類正處于危險(xiǎn)之中，因?yàn)樗鼈兊臈⒌卣谙?；第二段至第四段介紹了棲息地消失的原因及帶來的問題；最后三段就如何保護(hù)鳥類提出了建議。由此可知，作者的寫作目的是呼吁人們保護(hù)候鳥。故選A項(xiàng)。DCanexerciseduringchildhoodprotectyouagainstmemorylossmanydozensofyearslater?Exerciseearlyinlifeseemstohavelifelongbenefitsforthebrain,inrats(老鼠)atleast.“Thisisananimalstudy,butitshowsthatphysicalactivityatayoungageisveryimportant—notjustforphysicaldevelopment,butforthewholelifelongcognitive(認(rèn)知的)developmentduringageing(衰老),”saysMartinWojtowiczoftheUniversityofToronto,Canada.“Inhumans,itmaypostponetheappearanceofAlzheimer’ssymptoms(阿爾茲海默癥),possiblytothepointofpreventingthem.”Wojtowicz’steamdivided80youngratsintotwogroups,andplacedrunningwheelsinthecages(籠子)ofonegroupforaperiodofsixweeks.Aroundfourmonthslater—whentheratshadreachedmiddleage—theteamtaughtalltheratstoconnectanelectricshockwithbeinginaspecificbox.Whentheratswereplacedinthebox,theyfrozewithfear.Twoweekslater,theteamtestedtheratsinthreesituations:exactlythesameboxinthesameroom,thesameboxwiththeroomarranged(布置)differently,andacompletelydifferentboxinadifferentroom.Theratswithoutarunningwheelwhentheywereyoungnowfrozethesamepercentageoftimesineachofthesesituations.Itsuggeststhattheycouldn’trememberwhichonewasdangerous.Butthosethathadbeenabletorunontherunningwheelsintheiryouthfroze40to50percentlessinbothchangedboxarrangements.“Theresultssuggesttheamountofphysicalactivity(活動(dòng)量)whenwe’reyoung,atleastforrats,hasanimpactonbrainandcognitivehealth——intheformofbettermemories——whenwe’reolder,”saysArthurKramerofNortheasternUniversityinBoston,whohasfoundthat,inhumans,exercisebenefitsthegrowthofnewbraincells(細(xì)胞).12Thestudyshowsthat________.A.physicalactivityisgreatlyimportantforphysicalhealthB.usingtherunningwheelsisveryhelpfultotherats’growthC.physicalactivitycanpreventhuman’sAlzheimer’ssymptomscompletelyD.themoreexercisearathaswhenyoung,thebettermemoryitwillhavewhenolder13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A.Memoryloss. B.Theelectricshock.CPhysicalactivity. D.Therunningwheel.14.HowareParagraph3and4mainlydeveloped(發(fā)展)?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bystudyingreasons.C.Byshowingdifferences. D.Bydescribingtheprocess.15.Inwhichpartofanewspapermayyoureadthispassage?A.Scientificdiscovery. B.Education.C.Culture. D.Sports.【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹一項(xiàng)關(guān)于動(dòng)物研究的過程，研究表明年輕時(shí)的體育活動(dòng)不僅對(duì)身體發(fā)育很重要，而且對(duì)衰老過程中的整個(gè)終身認(rèn)知發(fā)展也很重要?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thisisananimalstudy,butitshowsthatphysicalactivityatayoungageisveryimportant—notjustforphysicaldevelopment,butforthewholelifelongcognitive(認(rèn)知的)developmentduringageing(衰老),(這是一項(xiàng)動(dòng)物研究，但它表明，年輕時(shí)的體育活動(dòng)非常重要——不僅對(duì)身體發(fā)育，而且對(duì)衰老過程中的整個(gè)終身認(rèn)知發(fā)展都很重要)”可知，老鼠年輕時(shí)鍛煉得越多，年老時(shí)記憶力就越好。故選D項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thisisananimalstudy,butitshowsthatphysicalactivityatayoungageisveryimportant—notjustforphysicaldevelopment,butforthewholelifelongcognitive(認(rèn)知的)developmentduringageing(衰老),(這是一項(xiàng)動(dòng)物研究，但它表明，年輕時(shí)的體育活動(dòng)非常重要——不僅對(duì)身體發(fā)育，而且對(duì)衰老過程中的整個(gè)終身認(rèn)知發(fā)展都很重要)”可知，作者先介紹這項(xiàng)動(dòng)物研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)，說明年輕時(shí)的體育活動(dòng)的重要性；再結(jié)合畫線詞的上文“Inhumans(在人類身上)”和下文“maypostponetheappearanceofAlzheimer’ssymptoms( 阿爾茲海默癥 ),possiblytothepointofpreventingthem.(可以延緩阿爾茨海默癥的出現(xiàn)，甚至可能達(dá)到預(yù)防的程度)”可知，作者從動(dòng)物研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)而說到人身上，指出上文提到“physicalactivity(體育活動(dòng))”對(duì)人類同樣重要，可知it指代的是體育活動(dòng)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Wojtowicz’steamdivided80youngratsintotwogroups,andplacedrunningwheelsinthecages(籠子)ofonegroupforaperiodofsixweeks.Aroundfourmonthslater—whentheratshadreachedmiddleage—theteamtaughtalltheratstoconnectanelectricshockwithbeinginaspecificbox.Whentheratswereplacedinthebox,theyfrozewithfear.(Wojtowicz的團(tuán)隊(duì)將80只幼年大鼠分為兩組，并在一組的籠子里放置轉(zhuǎn)輪六周。大約四個(gè)月后，當(dāng)老鼠達(dá)到中年時(shí)，研究小組教會(huì)了所有老鼠將電擊與在特定的盒子里聯(lián)系起來。當(dāng)老鼠被放進(jìn)盒子里時(shí)，它們嚇呆了)”和第四段“Twoweekslater,theteamtestedtheratsinthreesituations:exactlythesameboxinthesameroom,thesameboxwiththeroomarranged(布置)differently,andacompletelydifferentboxinadifferentroom.(兩周后，研究小組在三種情況下測(cè)試了老鼠：同一房間里的完全相同的盒子，房間布置不同的同一盒子，以及不同房間里的一個(gè)完全不同的盒子)”可知，這兩段講述Wojtowicz的研究小組對(duì)老鼠進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)的過程，是通過描述過程發(fā)展的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thisisananimalstudy,butitshowsthatphysicalactivityatayoungageisveryimportant—notjustforphysicaldevelopment,butforthewholelifelongcognitive(認(rèn)知的)developmentduringageing(衰老),saysMartinWojtowiczoftheUniversityofToronto,Canada.(加拿大多倫多大學(xué)的MartinWojtowicz說：“這是一項(xiàng)動(dòng)物研究，但它表明，年輕時(shí)的體育活動(dòng)非常重要——不僅對(duì)身體發(fā)育，而且對(duì)衰老過程中的整個(gè)終身認(rèn)知發(fā)展都很重要?！?”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于動(dòng)物研究，以及研究結(jié)果，即早期生命階段的體育活動(dòng)對(duì)記憶力的長期影響，屬于科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)的范疇。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoCheerupYourFriendThefollowingtipswillmakeyourfriendcheerup.Tryoneormoreofthesuggestionsbelow,andhopefullyyourfriendwillbehappyagaininnotime.____16____.Ifyourfriendisangryaboutasituationatwork,helphimseethepositivesideofthings.Listentohisproblembeforereacting(回應(yīng)).Buttrytohelphimbyaskingquestionssuchas“Whatthingscanyoudotomakethesituationbetter?”or“What’sbeenhappeningatworklatelythathasbeengood?”Sendhimacardorpostcard.Notmanypeoplegethandwrittennotesanymore.It’ssorare(稀少的),infact,thatit’scertaintoputasmileonhisface.Dropanoteinthemailtohim.___17___.Builduphisself-esteem(自尊).Everyoneneedstoheartheyaresmart,strong,andbeautifulsometimes.___18___,astheycanhelphimbuildconfidenceandself-esteem.Trytomakeyourpraiseuniquetotheperson,soheknowsyoutrulymeanwhatyousay.Tryoutnewthingstogether.Truehappinessispartlyabouttheadventure.Itmaymeanyoumayneedtostepoutsideofwhat’scomfortableandtrysomethingnew.___19___.Ifyouwantyourfriendstobehappy,encouragethemtotrynewthingswithyou.Bringhimoneofhisfavoritedrinksorfoods.____20____.Maybehecan’tlivewithoutanafternooncoffee,ormaybehehasaspecialloveforblackforestcake.Surprisehimbybringingoneofthemtohimwhenyouknowhe’shavingadifficultday.A.EncourageyourfriendB.HelphimtoseethepositivesideC.YouknowwhatyourfriendlikesD.Inturn,discovernewthingsyouloveE.Don’tbeafraidtotellyourfriendthesethingsF.Similarly,yourhappinesswillaffectyourfriendsG.Ifyouincludeonewithafunnycard,that’sbetter【答案】16.B17.G18.E19.D20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何讓你的朋友振作起來的一些竅門?！?6題詳解】空格處是本段主題句，根據(jù)空后的“Ifyourfriendisangryaboutasituationatwork,helpherseethepositivesideofthings.Hearoutherproblembeforereacting(回應(yīng)).Buttrytohelpheraskingquestionssuchas,“Whatthingscanyoudotomakethesituationbetter?”or“What’sbeenhappeningatworklatelythat’sbeengood?”(如果你的朋友對(duì)工作中的某件事很生氣，幫助她看到事情積極的一面。在做出反應(yīng)之前先聽聽她的問題。但試著幫助她問一些問題，比如，“你能做些什么來改善情況？”或者“最近工作上發(fā)生了什么好事？”)”可知，本段主要說明的是幫助朋友看到事情積極的一面，B選項(xiàng)“Helphertoseethepositiveside(幫助她看到積極的一面)”概括了本段主要內(nèi)容，可作為主題句。故選B?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)第三段的主題句“Sendheracardorpostcard.(給她寄張卡片或明信片。)”與空前一句“Dropanoteinthemailtoher.(給她寄封信。)”判斷，本段建議給朋友寫封郵件或者寄張明信片，因此推斷空格處要說她寄卡片相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，G項(xiàng)“Ifyouincludeonewithafunnycard,that’sbetter(如果你附上一張有趣的卡片，那就更好了)”，符合語境，承接上文，呼應(yīng)主題。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)該空后的“astheycanhelpherbuildconfidenceandself-esteem(因?yàn)樗鼈兛梢詭椭⒆孕藕妥宰?”判斷，空格處要說到一些幫助她建立自信和自尊的事情，E項(xiàng)“Don’tbeafraidtotellyourfriendthesethings(不要害怕告訴你的朋友這些事)”提到要告訴朋友一些事情，其中的“thesethings”指代前面提到的有關(guān)“theyaresmart,strong,andbeautiful”的事情，而告訴朋友這些事情能幫助她建立自信和自尊，與下文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)主題句Tryoutnewthingstogether.(一起嘗試新事物)和空后的“Ifyouwantyourfriendstobehappy,encouragethemtotrynewthingswithyou.(如果你想讓你的朋友開心，鼓勵(lì)他們和你一起嘗試新事物。)”判斷，本段建議和朋友一起嘗試新事物，因此空格處應(yīng)該提到新事物，D項(xiàng)“Inturn,discovernewthingsyoulove(反過來，發(fā)現(xiàn)你喜歡的新事物)”提到要發(fā)現(xiàn)新事物，其中的“newthings”和空后的“newthings”相一致，因此D選項(xiàng)符合語境。故選D。【20題詳解】根據(jù)空前的主題句“Bringheroneofherfavoritetreats.(給她帶一個(gè)她最喜歡的食物。)”與空后一句“Maybeshecan’tlivewithoutanafternooncoffee,ormaybeshehasaspecialloveforblackforestcake.(也許她離不開下午的咖啡，也許她對(duì)黑森林蛋糕情有獨(dú)鐘。)”判斷，本段建議給朋友帶一些她最喜歡的美食，故C項(xiàng)“Youknowwhatyourfriendlikes(你知道你朋友喜歡什么)”說到了你知道朋友喜歡什么，承上啟下，呼應(yīng)主題，引出下文朋友可能喜歡的食物。故選C。第三部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入的空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)?！癘k,class.Welcometoanewschoolyear.I’mMr.Stevens,your___21___teacher.I’msureI’lllearnallyournamesinnotime.”Mr.Stevenstalkedtousashewalkedaroundtheclasshandingout___22___tous.Whenhehadfinished,hereturnedtothe___23___oftheclassandlookedatus.Westaredback.“Whatareyou___24___for?Getstarted!”Hesaid.Welookedathimandfelt___25___.Wasn’thegoingtoteachus?“Istheresomethingwrongwithyourears?You’renotall___26___,areyou?”O(jiān)ne___27___boyaskedwhatweallwantedtoknow.“Mr.Stevens,aren’tyougoingtoteachus?”“Rubbish!”Mr.Stevensreplied.“You’resmartkids.___28___yournewtextbooksandgettothem.Ifyouhaveanytrouble,___29___yourhand,andI’llhelpyou.”Mr.Stevenshelpedanyonewhowas____30____aproblem.Hewouldstopustoteachallthestudents____31____whenweallhadthesamequestion.Itwasastrangemethodofteaching,____32____itwasveryuseful.Itwasa(n)____33____pointinmylife.Mr.StevensmademerealizeIwas____34____mathandalsoabletoreachthebestofanyclass.Istudiedwithhishelp____35____Igraduatedfrommiddleschool.MontyPython’sFlyingCircus(馬戲團(tuán))wasapopulartelevisionshowatthattime.SomestudentsthoughtMr.Stevenswas____36____becauseheoftenactedoutoneoftheirplaysinfrontoftheclass,butIthinkthatheknewhowtomakeamathlesson____37____.I’vecarriedhislessonwithmeallmylife.WheneverIamfacedwithanew____38____,IthinkofmyfirstdayinGradeSixmathclass.____39____sittingandstaringatthechallenge,Ijustgetstarted.Thechallengehasbeen____40____beforeIknowit.21.A.math B.English C.history D.science22.A.Christmasgifts B.notebooks C.newtextbooks D.schooluniforms23.A.front B.back C.outside D.middle24.A.apologizing B.looking C.preparing D.waiting25.A.afraid B.confused C.excited D.relaxed26.A.lazy B.blind C.deaf D.late27.A.brave B.healthy C.impolite D.nervous28.A.Exchange B.Protect C.Close D.Open29.A.wave B.raise C.watch D.shake30.A.inspiredby B.curiousabout C.stuckin D.worriedabout31.A.only B.eventually C.regularly D.nearly32.A.and B.so C.or D.but33.A.starting B.turning C.low D.ordinary34.A.goodat B.poorin C.terrifiedof D.familiarwith35.A.while B.unless C.until D.because36.A.shy B.serious C.boring D.strange37.A.interesting B.relaxing C.funny D.famous38.A.opportunity B.job C.idea D.challenge39.A.Regardlessof B.Incaseof C.Insteadof D.Infavorof40.A.postponed B.solved C.prevented D.proved【答案】21.A22.C23.A24.D25.B26.C27.A28.D29.B30.C31.A32.D33.B34.A35.C36.D37.A38.D39.C40.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一位特別的數(shù)學(xué)老師Mr.Stevens，他采用獨(dú)特的教學(xué)方法，讓學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)，并從中受益。作者在他的幫助下，意識(shí)到自己在數(shù)學(xué)方面的潛力，并學(xué)會(huì)了面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)積極行動(dòng)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“同學(xué)們，歡迎來到新學(xué)年。我是Stevens先生，你們的數(shù)學(xué)老師。”A.math數(shù)學(xué)；B.English英語；C.history歷史；D.science科學(xué)。根據(jù)下文“Mr.StevensmademerealizeIwas14

mathandalsoabletoreachthebestofanyclass.”和“butIthinkthatheknewhowtomakeamathlesson17”可知，Stevens先生是數(shù)學(xué)老師，故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Stevens先生一邊在教室里四處走動(dòng)，一邊把新書發(fā)給我們。A.Christmasgifts圣誕禮物；B.notebooks筆記本；C.newtextbooks新課本；D.schooluniforms校服。根據(jù)上文“Welcometoanewschoolyear”和下文“8yournewtextbooksandgettothem.”可知，新學(xué)年發(fā)新書，故選C項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他發(fā)完書后，他回到教室的前面看著我們。A.front前面；B.back后面；C.outside外面；D.middle中間。根據(jù)上文“hewalkedaroundtheclasshandingout2tous”和“ hereturnedto”可知，老師發(fā)完書后回到了教室前面，故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“你們?cè)诘仁裁?？開始吧！”他說。A.apologizing道歉；B.looking看；C.preparing準(zhǔn)備；D.waiting等待。根據(jù)下文“Getstarted!”可知，Stevens老師讓學(xué)生不要等待，趕快開始，故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們看著他，感到很困惑。他不是要教我們嗎？A.afraid害怕的；B.confused困惑的；C.excited興奮的；D.relaxed放松的。根據(jù)上文“Whatareyou4for?Getstarted!”和下文“Wasn’thegoingtoteachus?”可知，老師什么都沒有講，讓學(xué)生們自己開始學(xué)習(xí)，這學(xué)生感到很困惑，故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“你們的耳朵有問題嗎？你們沒有全都聾了，是嗎？”A.lazy懶惰的；B.blind瞎的；C.deaf聾的；D.late遲的。根據(jù)上文“Istheresomethingwrongwithyourears?”可知，老師反問學(xué)生難道全都聾了嗎，故選C項(xiàng)。