福建省福州市十校2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語英語試題（含解析）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1福建省福州市十校2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題第一節(jié)(共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C二個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whateventarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Snowboarding. B.Figureskating. C.Speedskating.【答案】A【原文】W:Didyoucatchanyofthesnowboardingeventsthiswinter?M:Don’tgetmestarted.Besidesfigureskatingandspeedskating,snowboardingisanothersportthatattractsme.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inadepartmentstore. B.Atarestaurant. C.Atthebookingoffice.【答案】B【原文】W:George,lookatthelongwaitingline.Iamgladyouhavebookedatable.M:Iguessitisbecausethedishesherearecheapanddelicious.W:Ithinkso.3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthepresentation?A.Informative. B.Convincing. C.Unique.【答案】B【原文】M:WhatdoyouthinkofMr.Johnson’spresentation?W:Itwasfarbeyondmyexpectation.Ineverthoughthewassuchapersuasivespeaker.4.Howmuchwillthewomanpayforthebills?A.$15. B.$20. C.$25.【答案】A【原文】M:I’vereceivedthismonth’sgasbillof20dollarsandelectricitybillof25dollars.W:Thethreeofussharetheapartmentandwewillsharethetotalcostequally.M:OK.That’sfair.5.Whatwillthewomando?A.Visitthenationalgallery. B.Gotothedentist. C.Havehercarrepaired.【答案】C【原文】M:Thereisanoilpaintingexhibitionatthenationalgallery.AndJohnwillgotherewithmeafterhehashisteethexamined.Caretojoinus?W:I’dloveto.ButIhadaflattirejustnow.I’mafraidIhavetohaveitchecked.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?A.Sheisonadiet.B.Sheisagoodswimmer.C.Shelikesplayingbadminton.7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Workmates.B.Acouple.C.Coachandplayer.【答案】6.C7.B【原文】M:So,shallwepayforanotheryear’sfamilymembership?W:Ofcourse!I’dliketocarryonplayingbadmintonandyouenjoyswimming.It’sanicethingtodoafterwork,isn’tit?M:Iagree.Andmaybeweshouldhaveourmealearlierintheeveningratherthansolateatnight.Whatdoyouthink?W:It’sworthtrying.We’realwayshungryafterthegym.M:Andit’snotgoodtogotobedwithafullstomach.Butwecan’tstayuptoolate,becausewe’vebothgottogetupsoearlyforworkeveryday.W:Iknow.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whydoesthemantalktothewoman?A.Toseektipsonusingthebussystem.B.TomakeaplantouringaroundChicago.C.ToreserveavisittotheModernArtMuseum.9.Whoisthewoman?A.Atouristguide. B.Abusdriver. C.Aticketseller.【答案】8.A9.C【原文】W:Sir,howcanIhelp?M:I’mnotfromthecityandI’mtryingtousethebussystemforthefirsttime.W:Well,welcometoChicagoandIcandefinitelyhelpyouwiththebusroutes.Whereareyouheading?M:MyplanfortodayistovisittheModernArtMuseum,stopatthezooandtheneatdinnerdowntown.W:Thatsoundslikeafunday.Youshouldprobablygeta24-hourbuspassforunlimitedbusrides.Thatwayyoucanstopandexploreasmuchasyouwantineachneighborhoodfortheentireday.M:Great.W:Alotoftouristspreferthisoption.It’sagooddealtoo.Insteadofpaying$2perbusride,youcanpay$8andrideallday.M:Perfect,pleasegetmetwo.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhichofthefollowingisLinda’sjob?A.Wrappingfruit. B.Cleaninghouses. C.Pullingweeds.11.Howdoesthewomanfindherpart-timejob?.A.Boring. B.Meaningful. C.Enviable.12.Whenwillthemanplanttreesforhisneighbors?A.Thismorning. B.Thisafternoon. C.Thisweekend.【答案】10.A11.B12.B【原文】M:Oh,Linda.Whatareyouuptothesedays?Itseemsagessincewemetinouruniversitycanteen.W:Well,Iworkparttimeatasupermarket.M:Whatdoyoudothere?W:Iusuallyworkintheproducesectionintheearlymorning,wrappingfreshfruitandvegetables.Sometimesitreallygetsbusy.Haveyougotajob,Phil?M:Yeah,Idogardenworkonweekends.Watering,cleaningleaves,pullingweeds,andthingslikethat.W:Itmustbenicetoworkoutdoors.M:Sometimesitis,exceptwhenitrainsorsnows.W:Everyjobhasitsshortcomings.TherearetimeswhenIgetprettytired.Butajobisajob,andonthewholeitensuresagreatsenseofachievement.AndIhopetocovermycollegefeesasmuchaspossible.M:Metoo.Well,I’dbettergetgoing.I’vegottoplantsometreesformyneighboursthisafternoon.W:Allright,seeyou!聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthemandoing?A.Conductinganinterview.B.Hostingaworkshop.C.Attendingalecture.14.WhydidGigistarttheproject?A.Toshowrespecttoretiredteachers.B.Tomakeretiredteachersavailabletokids.C.Toimproveteachingenvironmentforschools.15.Whatshouldstudentsdoattheendofeachsession?A.Raisequestions. B.Changegroups. C.Givepresentations.16.WhatisachallengeforGigi’swork?A.Networkcrash. B.Languagebarrier. C.Staffshortage.【答案】13.A14.B.15.C16.A【原文】M:Thanksforjoiningustonight,Gigi.YourprojectTheSchoolintheCloudhasbeengainingsomesteam.Couldyoutellouraudienceaboutit?W:Sure.ItisaprojectIcreatedin2017.Yousee,therearemanyretiredteachersoutthere.Onceateacher,alwaysateacher.Iwantedtofindawaytomakethemavailableonlineforchildrenaroundtheworld.M:So,howdoesTheSchoolintheCloudwork?W:Itisquitesimple.Intheself-organizedlearningclassrooms,studentsaregivenabigquestion.Theychoosetheirowngroupsandcanchangegroupsanytime.Groupsareexpectedtopresentwhattheyhavelearnedattheendofeachsession.M:Haveyoucomeacrossanychallenges?W:Quiteoften,infact.We’vehadproblemswithsoundorvision,orevenboth.Andwehavetotrycommunicationbytext.ThereisalsonoguaranteethattheInternetwillalwayswork.Insomeareasthereareshortagesofproperequipment.M:NowGigi,someofourviewerspostedquestionsforyouonourwebsite.Itseemsquiteafewofthemarelookingtojoinyourproject.W:Really?Well,I’dliketosay“welcomeaboard”tothemall.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatdoweknowaboutLinda?A.Shetaughtnursing.B.Shelackedcompany.C.Shesetuptheprogram.18.WhatmadeLindaandJessyformapair?A.Theircommoninterest.B.Theirworkexperiences.C.Theireducationbackgrounds.19.Howdothehighschoolstudentshelpelderlypeople?A.Byreadingstories.B.Bychattingwiththem.C.Bydesigningeducationalprograms20.Whatcanwesayabouttheprograms.A.Itisafortune-makingproject.B.Itneedsfurtherimprovements.C.Itisawin-winpractice.【答案】17.B18.A19.B20.C【原文】InCanada,alocalprogramwassetup,whichhasbenefitedbothelderlypeopleandstudents.LindaJones,whousedtobeanurse,is99yearsoldnow.Shefeltlonelybecauseherchildrencouldn’tkeephercompany.Recently,shesignedupforalocalprogramconnectingelderlypeoplewithyoungpeople.Lindaand17-year-oldJessyBrownformedapairbecauseJessyBrownisalsointerestedinthenursingwork.Linda’slifestoryasanurseisinspiringBrown,whoalsowantstobecomeanurse.Forthehighschoolstudentsinvolvedintheprogram,thetimespentwithelderlypeoplecanbeusedtowardvolunteerworkwhichisneededforgraduation.Theyaresupposedtospeakfor30minuteswithelderlypeopleeachweek.Theprogramhasbeenagoodfortunetobothelderlypeopleandhighschoolstudents.Duetovariousreasons,elderlypeoplecan’tmeettheirfamiliesandstudentsarehavingtroublegettingtheirvolunteerhours.Therefore,therehasbeenahugepositiveresponsefrombothofthem.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AWhistlerTravelGuideSnow-cappedpeaksandpowderedsteeps;sparklinglakesandrushingwaterfalls;challenginghikingroutesandinvitingrestaurants—Whistler’sofferingssuiteveryseason.ThingstodoTheentiretowndisplaystheski-chicatmosphere,hostingdozensofskiandsnowboardcompetitionsandfestivalsannually.Inthewarmermonths,moreoutdoorenthusiastscomeouttoplay.Visitorscantryhikingorcyclingupthemountains.WhileWhistlerisanidealvacationspotfortheactivetypes,othertravelerscanenjoythelocalmuseumsandartgalleriesfilledwithinformativeexhibits.Plus,therearefamily-friendlyactivitiesandattractionslikesummerconcerts,alongwithplentyofshoppingoptions.WhentovisitThebesttimestovisitWhistlerarefromJunethroughAugustandbetweenDecemberandMarch.HowtogetaroundThebestwaystogetaroundWhistlerareonfootorbybike.Or,youcantaketheshuttlebusesfromWhistlerVillage,whichtransportvisitorstoLostLakeParkandtheMarketplace.Meanwhile,havingacarwillallowyouthefreedomtoexploretopattractionslikeWhistlerTrainWreckandAlexanderFallswithouthavingtospendalotofcashonacab.Whatyouneedtoknow●Whistlerreceivesfeetofsnoweachyear.Ifyou’redrivinginwinter,slowdownandmakesuretorentorcomewithareliableSUV.●SnowslidesarelikelytooccuronBackcountryroutes,soonlyadvancedskiersshouldtaketothisoff-the-maparea.●Whistler’swildernessishometomanyblackandgrizzlybears.Keepyourdistanceanddonotfeedthem.21.WhatareactivetravelersrecommendedtodoinWhistler?A.Bikeupthemountains. B.Hostskicompetitions.C.Goshoppingatthemalls. D.Visitmuseumexhibitions.22.Whichofthefollowingisthemostpopularamongtravelers?A.WhistlerVillage. B.LostLakePark. C.TheMarketplace. D.WhistlerTrainWreck.23.WhataretravelersprohibitedfromdoinginWhistler?A.DrivingarentedSUV. B.Feedinggrizzlybears.C.Exploringthewilderness. D.SkiingonBackcountryroutes.【答案】21.A22.D23.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一篇惠斯勒旅游指南，介紹了旅游特色和注意事項等?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Visitorscantryhikingorcyclingupthemountains.(游客可以嘗試徒步旅行或騎自行車上山)”可知，惠斯勒推薦活躍的旅行者騎車上山。故選A?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Meanwhile,havingacarwillallowyouthefreedomtoexploretopattractionslikeWhistlerTrainWreckandAlexanderFallswithouthavingtospendalotofcashonacab.(同時，擁有一輛車可以讓你自由地探索像惠斯勒火車殘骸和亞歷山大瀑布這樣的頂級景點，而不必花很多錢打車)”可知，WhistlerTrainWreck最受游客歡迎。故選D?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一短“Whistler’swildernessishometomanyblackandgrizzlybears.Keepyourdistanceanddonotfeedthem.(惠斯勒的荒野是許多黑熊和灰熊的家園。保持距離，不要喂它們)”可知，旅客在惠斯勒禁止喂灰熊。故選B。B“It’snotunusualforgueststofeelemotionalwhentheydiscoverthestorybehindourfood,”saysPatrickNavis.“Nottomentionwhentheytasteit.Oneevencriedwithhappiness.”Thesettingforthesetearfulscenes?Navis’srestaurantinaDutchcity.Here,theownerandhisteamcreateexperimentalfoodusingherbs,roots,flowersandnuts—somecommon,otherslessso.Mostoftheseingredients(食材)comefromtheKetelbroekFoodForestnearby.Totheuntrainedeye,it’slikeanordinarywood.Butthere’sonekeydifference:everythinginitisedible.Itwassetupin2009byDutchbotanistandenvironmentalistNoahEckasanexperimentinslowfarming,toseewhatwouldhappeniftherightcombinationoffoodplantswerelefttogrowtogetherlikeanaturalforest,withoutchemicals.“It’sthefirst‘foodforest’ofitskindinEuropeandwe’reoneofthefewrestaurantsaroundtheworldcooperatinginthisway,”saysNavis.“Wehaveover400differentspeciesofedibleplantsweplanourmenusaround,includingsomewepreviouslyknewlittleabout.”Heharveststheingredientsand,withhisfellowchefs,worksthemintobeautifullypresentedtastingmenus,servedinadiningroomhiddeninthebackstreetsofthecity,“Tous,finediningisnotaboutthefameofarestaurant,itslocation,expensivedecoration,fancycookingandwinelist,”saysNavis.“It’saboutaddingvaluethroughcreativityandusingingredientsnobodyknowsof,whicharegrownwithgreatattention.”However,headds,luxurycookingcanbeaboutenhancingeverydayingredients,too.“Whenlookingatcookinginthisway,whocanarguethatcaviar(魚子醬),forexample,ismorevaluablethanacarrotgrownwithspecialistknowledge?”ExperimentationisextremelyimportanttoNavis.Inthenextfiveyears,hehopestoopenanoutdoorrestaurant.Butfornow,themostimportantthingistocontinuefocusingonhowplantsarebeinggrownandtheperennialsystemusedintheFoodForest,reducingtheneedforreplantingeachseason.24.WhatcanwelearnaboutNavis’srestaurant?A.Itiswellreceivedbyitsguests.B.Itservesfoodwithmovingstories.C.Itoffersexperimentalfoodforfree.D.Itisknownforitsrarefoodsources.25.HowisKetelbrockFoodForestdifferentfromordinarywoods?A.Itisanaturalforest. B.Diverseplantscoexistinit.C.Plantstheretakelongertogrow.D.Itprovidessafefoodingredients.26.WhatisthekeyelementoffinediningaccordingtoNavis?A.Convenientlocations.B.Expensiveingredients.C.Innovativemenus.D.Fancycookingtechniques.27.Whatdoes“theperennialsystem”inthelastparagraphprobablyreferto?A.Thesustainablefarmingpractice. B.Farmingwithproperuseofchemicals.C.Naturalfarmingwithouthumanintervention. D.Anexperimentalfarmforanoutdoorrestaurant.【答案】24.A25.D26.C27.A【語篇解讀】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了PatrickNavis運用Ketelbroek食品森林中的食材來烹飪食物，提供創(chuàng)新性菜單，在客人中受到歡迎的事跡。【24題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段““It’snotunusualforgueststofeelemotionalwhentheydiscoverthestorybehindourfood,”saysPatrickNavis.“Nottomentionwhentheytasteit.Oneevencriedwithhappiness.”Thesettingforthesetearfulscenes?(帕特里克·納維斯說:“當(dāng)客人們發(fā)現(xiàn)我們的食物背后的故事時，感到激動是很正常的。更不用說他們品嘗的時候了。有一個人甚至高興得哭了?！边@些淚流滿面的場景是在哪里)”可推知，Navis的餐館受到客人的歡迎。故選A?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Mostoftheseingredients(食材)comefromtheKetelbroekFoodForestnearby.Totheuntrainedeye,it’slikeanordinarywood.Butthere’sonekeydifference:everythinginitisedible.(這些食材大多來自附近的Ketelbroek食品森林。對于沒有受過訓(xùn)練的人來說，它就像一塊普通的木頭。但有一個關(guān)鍵的區(qū)別：里面的所有東西都可以吃）以及最后一句話“Itwassetupin2009byDutchbotanistandenvironmentalistNoahEckasanexperimentinslowfarming,...withoutchemicals.”可知，Ketelbrock食品森林與普通森林不同之處在于，該森林提供安全的食材,故選D?！?6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段““Tous,finediningisnotaboutthefameofarestaurant,itslocation,expensivedecoration,fancycookingandwinelist,”saysNavis.“It’saboutaddingvaluethroughcreativityandusingingredientsnobodyknowsof,whicharegrownwithgreatattention.”(納維斯說:“對我們來說，好餐廳不在于餐廳的名氣、位置、昂貴的裝修、高檔的烹飪和酒單。它是通過創(chuàng)造性和使用無人知曉的成分來增加價值，這些成分都是經(jīng)過精心培育的?！?”可知，對于Navis來說，優(yōu)質(zhì)餐飲的關(guān)鍵在于創(chuàng)新的菜單。故選C?！?7題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前文“themostimportantthingistocontinuefocusingonhowplantsarebeinggrown(最重要的是繼續(xù)關(guān)注植物是如何生長的)”及后文“reducingtheneedforreplantingeachseason(減少了每個季節(jié)重新種植的需要)”可知，Navis認(rèn)為重要的是可以創(chuàng)造可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)，這樣就不用每個季節(jié)重新種植，劃線詞與A選項“可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)實踐”意思一致。故選A。CAbout5,300yearsago,peoplefromthegrasslandsofmodern-dayRussiaandUkraineexpandedrapidlyacrossEurasia.Withinafewcenturiesthese“Yamnaya”leftalastinggeneticmarkonpopulationsfromcentralEuropetotheCaspianSea.Today,archaeologistscallthem“easterncowboys”fortheirlivestockherding(畜牧)andhighlymobilelifestyle.Butonepartoftheclassiccowboypicturewasmissing:horsebackriding.AlthoughcattlebonesandsolidcarriageshavebeenfoundinYamnayasites,horsebonesarehardtofind,andmostarchaeologistsassumedpeopledidnotstarttoridehorsesuntilatleast1,000yearslater.InanewstudypublishedinScienceAdvances,researcherssaythey’vefoundtheearliestevidenceofhorsebackridingnotinthebonesofancienthorses,butintheirYamnayariders.“Everyonehasfocusedonhorseremainstogetanideaofearlyhorseriding,”saysco-authorandUniversityofHelsinkiarchaeologistVolkerHeyd.“Ourapproachwastolookathumans.”Theresearcherslookedatmorethan150bonesunearthedinRomania,Hungary,andBulgaria—thewesternfrontierofYamnayaexpansion.TheYamnayawerewell-fed,healthy,andtall;thechemicalcompositionoftheirbonesshowedproteinrichdietsconsistentwithherdingcattleandsheep.Butthebonesshowedsignsofdistinctivewearandtear.Theyalsoshowedthickspotsonthelegboneconsistentwithlotsoftimespentonthehorseback.Healedinjuriesmatchedthekindsofdamageakickinghorsemightcause,orwhatsportsmedicinedoctorstodayseeinridersthrownfromtheirhorses.“Intermsoftryingtoidentifypeopleridinghorses,Ithinkthey’vedonethebestjobpossiblebioarchaeologically,”saysbioarchaeologistJaneBuikstra.“Thatdoesn’tmeanit’sperfect,orconvincing,ultimately.”Moresamples—includinghorseboneswithsignsofriding,suchasbitmarksorbackbonedamagefromtheweightofarider—wouldhelpmakethecase,saysCUbioarchaeologistLaurenHosek.Whatthegrouphasfound“isreallyinteresting”,shesays.“Butthere’salotmoreworktobedonewhentherisksofdrawingthefinalconclusionareashighastheearliesthorseriding.”28.Whyarethearchaeologistslookingforthehorsebones?A.ToprovetheYamnaya’srapidexpansion.B.ToconfirmtheYamnaya’sherdingvariety.C.TofurtherunderstandthelifestyleofYamnaya.D.Totracetheoriginoftheclassiccowboypicture.29.HowisVolkerHeyd’sresearchdifferentfromothers?A.Itincludesfieldtrips.B.Itfocusesonhumanbones.C.Itisbasedonhorseremains.D.Itcomparesthecompositionsofbones.30.WhatdoweknowabouttheYamnayafromParagraph4?A.Theirbonesboretheevidenceofhorseriding.B.ManyYamnayapeoplediedfromhorsekicks.C.Theirlifestyleofherdingledtosevereinjuries.D.TheymainlylivedinRomania,HungaryandBulgaria.31.WhatisLaurenHosek’sattitudetotheresearchfindings?A.Objective.B.Favorable.C.Disapproving.D.Unclear.【答案】28.C29.B30.A31.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項新的考古研究從古代顏那亞騎手的骨頭上，而非古代馬的骨頭上，發(fā)現(xiàn)了顏那亞人最早的騎馬證據(jù)。【28題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中VolkerHeyd所說的話“Everyonehasfocusedonhorseremainstogetanideaofearlyhorseriding(每個人都把注意力集中在馬的遺骸上，以了解早期的騎馬活動)”可知，考古學(xué)家尋找馬骨是為了進一步了解顏那亞人的騎馬活動，即他們的生活方式。故選C項?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中VolkerHeyd所說的話“Ourapproachwastolookathumans.(我們的方法是觀察人類。)”可知，VolkerHeyd的研究不同于其他研究的地方在于該研究從人類入手，專注于人類的骨頭。故選B項。【30題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Butthebonesshowedsignsofdistinctivewearandtear.Theyalsoshowedthickspotsonthelegboneconsistentwithlotsoftimespentonthehorseback.Healedinjuriesmatchedthekindsofdamageakickinghorsemightcause,orwhatsportsmedicinedoctorstodayseeinridersthrownfromtheirhorses.(但這些骨頭顯示出明顯的磨損跡象。它們還展示了腿骨上的厚厚的斑點，這與在馬背上待了很長時間一致。愈合的傷口與被馬踢傷可能造成的傷害相匹配，或者與今天運動醫(yī)學(xué)醫(yī)生看到的騎手從馬上摔下來的情況相匹配。)”可知，這些顏那亞騎手骨頭上的情況與騎馬活動及受傷的情況相匹配。由此可知，他們的骨頭顯示了騎馬的痕跡。故選A項?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Whatthegrouphasfound“isreallyinteresting”,shesays.“Butthere’salotmoreworktobedonewhentherisksofdrawingthefinalconclusionareashighastheearliesthorseriding.”(她說，研究小組的發(fā)現(xiàn)“非常有趣”。“但是，當(dāng)?shù)贸鲎罱K結(jié)論的風(fēng)險與最早的騎馬一樣高時，還有很多工作要做?！?”可知，LaurenHosek既肯定了該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的價值，也提出了需要謹(jǐn)慎對待該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，去開展更多的工作。由此推知，她對該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的態(tài)度是客觀的（objective）。故選A項。DAgroupofsmall,wiggling(扭動)robotsthatcommunicatebyflashinglightscanmakecollectivedecisions.Thisissimilartotheprocessbeesusetoreachaconsensus（共識）onwheretobuildtheirnest.“Webelievethatinthenearfuturetherearegoingtobesimplerobotsthatwilldojobsthatwedon’twanttodo,anditwillbeveryimportantthattheymakedecisionsinanautonomousmanner,”saysCarmenMiguelattheUniversityofBarcelonainSpain.Sheandherteamtestedhowimitatingbeesmighthelpwiththat.Whenbeesgohouse-hunting,theycommunicatetheirpreferredlocationsthrougha“wiggledance”.Themoreabeerecommendsonelocation,thelongerandharderitwiggles.Eventuallyotherbeesjointhem,andtheyreachaconsensuswhenamajorityarewigglingtogether.Researcherspreviouslytranslatedthisbehaviorintoamathematicalmodel,andMiguelandhercolleaguesusedittoprogramdecision-makingrulesintosmallrobotscalledkilobots.Eachkilobotwiththreethinlegshadaninfrared-lightemitter(紅外線發(fā)射器)andreceiver,andacoloredLEDlight.Withinagroup,kilobotscouldmovearound,turnclockwiseoranticlockwiseanduseinfraredsignalstoexchangeinformation.EzequielFerreroattheUniversityofBarcelonasaysthatacrossalltheexperiments,kilobotsreachedaconsensuswithinabouthalfanhour,evenwhentheydidn’thavemanyimmediateneighborstocommunicatewith.Hesaysthatgettingtherightcombinationofhowlongtheyspendtransmittingtheirmessageandhowmuchtheywalkaroundallowedthemtomakeacollectivedecisionintheend.32．Howdobeesagreewitheachotheraboutwheretoconstructanewhome?A．Bydoingagroupdance. B．Byimitatingsimplerobots.C．Bygivingoutflashinglights. D．Byadvisingafavouredplace.33．Whatdidtheteamdotoenablekilobotstobecomesmart?A．Theyexposedkilobotstorealbees.B．Theyequippedkilobotswiththinlegs.C．Theyputaprogrammeintokilobots. D．Theybuiltaspecialmathematicalmodel.34．What’sthekeyelementforkilobotstomakegroupjudgement?A．Doingmorepracticalexperiments. B．Havingenoughcompanionsaround.C．Combiningdifferentfiguresaccurately. D．Sendingbriefmessagesautomatically.35．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．Beesarenaturalwiggledancers.B．Robotslearntodancebyimitatingbees.C．Wiggledancesmeanalotincommunication.D．Robotsreachaconsensusbyimitatingbeeswiggling.【答案】32．A33.C34.C35．D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一組小型機器人通過模仿蜜蜂的舞蹈來做出集體決策。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Whenbeesgohouse-hunting,theycommunicatetheirpreferredlocationsthrougha“wiggledance”.Themoreabeerecommendsonelocation,thelongerandharderitwiggles.(當(dāng)蜜蜂去找房子時，它們通過“擺動舞”來交流自己喜歡的位置。蜜蜂越推薦一個地方，它擺動的時間就越長，越用力)”可知，蜜蜂通過集體舞蹈來同意在哪里建設(shè)新家。故選A。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Researcherspreviouslytranslatedthisbehaviorintoamathematicalmodel,andMiguelandhercolleaguesusedittoprogramdecision-makingrulesintosmallrobotscalledkilobots.(研究人員之前將這種行為轉(zhuǎn)化為數(shù)學(xué)模型，米格爾和她的同事利用它將決策規(guī)則編程到名為“kilobots”的小型機器人中)”可知，研究團隊人員通過在kilobots里安裝編程程序使其變聰明。故選C。34．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Hesaysthatgettingtherightcombinationofhowlongtheyspendtransmittingtheirmessageandhowmuchtheywalkaroundallowedthemtomakeacollectivedecisionintheend.(他說，正確地結(jié)合他們花多長時間傳遞信息和他們走了多少路，最終可以讓他們做出集體決定)”可知，kilobots能做出集體決定的關(guān)鍵因素在于它們準(zhǔn)確地組合不同的數(shù)字。故選C。35．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Agroupofsmall,wiggling(扭動)robotsthatcommunicatebyflashinglightscanmakecollectivedecisions.Thisissimilartotheprocessbeesusetoreachaconsensusonwheretobuildtheirnest.(一群通過閃光進行交流的小型移動機器人可以做出集體決策。這類似于蜜蜂在筑巢地點上達成一致的過程)”可知，本文主要講述了一組小型機器人通過模仿蜜蜂的舞蹈來做出集體決策，D選項“機器人通過模仿蜜蜂的擺動達成共識”最好地概括全文，為最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Olympicmedalsareamongthemostrespectedhonorsinthesportingworld,symbolizingnotonlyathleticvictory,butalsotherichhistory,finecraftsmanship,andlongstandingtraditionsoftheGames. 36Aretheymadeentirelyofgold,silver,andbronze?AndwhatmakestheParis2024Olympicmedalsspecial?Originally,Olympicwinnersin776BCEwerehonoredwitholivewreaths(橄欖花環(huán))ratherthanmedals.Theconceptofmedalsasweknowthemtodayfirstemergedatthe1896AthensGames.However,solidgoldmedalswerenolongerawardedafter1912. 37Asaresult,theInternationalOlympicCommitteelaterupdatedtheregulationsregardingmedalcompositionanddesign.Moderngoldmedalsareprimarilycomposedof92.5%silverwithasix-gramgoldplatingforappearance. 38Theycontainatleast92.5%puresilver,andbronzemedalsconsistof95%copperand5%zinc(鋅).Thismixtureensuresthemedals’longevityandmakesthemcheaper.AnOlympicgoldmedalmaybeworthover￡500,butitsvaluetoathletesgoesbeyonditsfinancialworth. 39Forinstance,the2012LondonOlympicsmedalsfeaturedtheRiverThamesandLondonskyline.Rio2016focusedonsustainabilitybyusingleftovermirrorsandX-rayplates.Tokyo2020medals,madefromrecycledelectronics,emphasizedtechnologicalinnovation.FortheParis2024Olympics,themedalsareparticularlydistinctive.Eachfeaturesahexagon(六邊形)withtheParis2024logoononesideandNike,theGreekgoddessofvictory,infrontoftheEiffelTowerontheother. 40AsThierryReboul,creativedirectorofParis2024,stated,“ThesemedalsofferathletesaphysicalpieceofParistotakehome.”A.Puregoldissoftandeasilydamaged.B.Whenwerethesemedalsfirstintroduced?C.Whoisresponsiblefordesigningthemedals?D.Silvermedals,bycontrast,liveuptotheirnames.E.Withthesesymbols,theyhonorthehistoryoftheOlympics.F.Uniquetothisyear,themedalsusemetalfromtheEiffelTower.G.Thedesignofmedalsreflectsthehostcity’sdistinctstyleandvalues.【答案】36.B37.A38.D39.G40.F【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了奧運會獎牌的歷史、材質(zhì)以及2024屆倫敦奧運會獎牌的特點?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)空后“Aretheymadeentirelyofgold,silver,andbronze?AndwhatmakestheParis2024Olympicmedalsspecial?(它們是用金、銀和青銅制成的嗎？是什么讓2024年巴黎奧運會的獎牌與眾不同？)”可知，后文提出了與奧運獎牌相關(guān)的問題，故此空應(yīng)與后文排比，同樣設(shè)問，且根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容“Theconceptofmedalsasweknowthemtodayfirstemergedatthe1896AthensGames.(獎牌的概念首先出現(xiàn)在1896年雅典奧運會。)”可知，文章第二段在解釋此空提出的問題，故B項“這些獎牌于什么時候首次引入的呢？”符合，故選B項?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)空前“However,solidgoldmedalswerenolongerawardedafter1912.(然而，自1912年后，不再頒發(fā)純金牌。)”和空后“Asaresult,theInternationalOlympicCommitteelaterupdatedtheregulationsregardingmedalcompositionanddesign.(結(jié)果，后來國際奧委會更新了關(guān)于金牌成分和設(shè)計的規(guī)則。)”可知，空前提到不再頒發(fā)純金牌，空后又提出了關(guān)于金牌成分和設(shè)計規(guī)則的改變，故A項“純金很軟，容易損壞。”符合，承接前文不再頒發(fā)純金牌的原因，又引出空后修改金牌的成分和設(shè)計的規(guī)則，故選A項?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)空前“Moderngoldmedalsareprimarilycomposedof92.5%silverwithasix-gramgoldplatingforappearance.(現(xiàn)代金牌主要由92.5%的銀和六克鍍金組成。)”可知，空前解釋了金牌的成分，且根據(jù)空后“Theycontainatleast92.5%puresilver(它們含有至少92.5%的純銀。)”可知，空后提出了銀的成分，故D項“相比之下，銀牌是名副其實的。”符合，與前文構(gòu)成對比，金牌由92.5%的銀和六克鍍金組成，相比之下，銀牌是名副其實的，它們含有至少92.5%的純銀，且空后的They指代D項中的Silvermedals，故選D項?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)空后“Forinstance,the2012LondonOlympicsmedalsfeaturedtheRiverThamesandLondonskyline.Rio2016focusedonsustainabilitybyusingleftovermirrorsandX-rayplates.Tokyo2020medals,madefromrecycledelectronics,emphasizedtechnologicalinnovation.(例如，2012年倫敦奧運會獎牌