山東省濟南市2023-2024學年高三上學期1月期末學習質(zhì)量檢測英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省濟南市2023-2024學年高三上學期1月期末學習質(zhì)量檢測英語試題第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AArecentlandingonthemoonhasawakenedorrenewedpeople’senthusiasmforthestarsandspaceexploration.Herearefourtripideastoinspirethosewould-beastronautsandastronomers.KennedySpaceCenter,AmericaTheNASA-operatedKennedySpaceCenterisamustforambitiousastronautsandspace-lovers.Hands-onexperiencesrangefromlivepresentationsdeliveredbyastronautstothenewAstronautTrainingExperienceCenter.Childrenaged10to17canexperiencespacewalkingandexploringMars.NorthYorkMoors,EnglandAsanInternationalDarkSkyReserveintheworld,thislovelypartofYorkshire,EnglandishosttotheUK’sfamily-friendlyNationalParksDarkSkiesfestival.WelltimedtothelatterpartofautumnhalfterminEngland,thefestivalincludesbat-boxmaking,eveningswithwinterbirdsandmoonlitcoastalwalks.PicduMidi,FranceTherearefewobservatorieswhereyoucanobservestarsbeforeretiringtoacomfortablecabinandwatchthesunrise.GettingtothePicduMidiObservatoryisalsoanadventurebyitself,involvingarideontwocable-carsuptoa2,877-meter-highmountain.TheguidedastronomysessionshelpkidsdiscoverSaturn(土星)anditsringsviapowerfultelescopes.MountTeide,SpainHometothelargestsolarobservatoryintheworld,itsitsonSpain’shighestmountain.Ridethecable-carupforascientist-ledtour,whichincludesthechancetoobservetheSunthroughhand-heldsolartelescopes.Thespecialfamilytourincludesanattractive90-minuteworkshopexploringhowobservatoryphysicistscarryouttheirresearch.1.Whichtripsuitstheteenagersexpectingaface-to-facecontactwithastronauts?A.KennedySpaceCenter. B.NorthYorkMoors.C.MountTeide. D.PicduMidi.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoonatriptoYorkshire?A.Attendlivepresentations. B.ObservetheringsofSaturn.C.Enjoytheseaviewatnight. D.Learnaboutphysicists’work.3.WhatdoPicduMidiandMountTeidehaveincommon?A.Theyaccommodatefamilytourists.B.Theyincludeatourledbyscientists.C.Theyofferfreehand-heldtelescopes.D.Theyarelocatedonhighmountains.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章為那些對太空和天文感興趣的人提供四個旅行建議。【1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標題KennedySpaceCenter,America下的“Hands-onexperiencesrangefromlivepresentationsdeliveredbyastronautstothenewAstronautTrainingExperienceCenter.(親身體驗的范圍從宇航員的現(xiàn)場演講到新的宇航員培訓體驗中心)”可知，KennedySpaceCenter適合那些期待與宇航員面對面接觸的青少年。故選A項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標題NorthYorkMoors,England下的“WelltimedtothelatterpartofautumnhalfterminEngland,thefestivalincludesbat-boxmaking,eveningswithwinterbirdsandmoonlitcoastalwalks.(這個節(jié)日恰逢英國秋季半學期的后半段，活動內(nèi)容包括制作蝙蝠盒、觀賞冬鳥和在月光下漫步海濱)”可知，游客去約克郡旅行可以欣賞晚上的海景。故選C項。【3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標題PicduMidi,France下的“GettingtothePicduMidiObservatoryisalsoanadventurebyitself,involvingarideontwocable-carsuptoa2,877-meter-highmountain.(前往PicduMidi天文臺本身也是一次冒險，需要乘坐兩輛纜車到達2877米高的山峰)”以及小標題MountTeide,Spain下的“Hometothelargestsolarobservatoryintheworld,itsitsonSpain’shighestmountain.(它坐落在西班牙最高的山上，是世界上最大的太陽天文臺的所在地)”可知，PicduMidi和MountTeide的共同之處是他們都位于高山上。故選D項。BArisingstarfromVirginiahassecuredthetitleof“America’sTopYoungScientist”forhisgroundbreakingcreation—abarofsoapdesignedtobattleagainstskincancer.Atjust14yearsold,HemanBekeleemergedasthevictorofthe2023YoungScientistChallenge,standingoutamongthetenfinalistswithhisinnovativecreationknownastheSkinCancerTreatingSoap(SCTS).Bekele’sbrilliantconceptcentersonthedevelopmentofasoapthatisnotonlyaffordable,butalsohasthepotentialtoreactivatethebody’snaturaldefendersoftheskintostopskincancer.InBekele’sownwords,“Curingcancer,onebarofsoapatatime.”Healwayshasendlesspassionforbiologyandtechnology,andtheYoungScientistChallengejustprovidedhimwiththeperfectplatformtodisplayhisideas.Reflectingonhisinspiration,Bekelesharedthathischildhoodplayedasignificantroleinshapinghisinnovativethinking.Havingwitnessedpeopleworktirelesslyunderthesun,hecouldn’thelpbutwonderhowmanywereawareoftherisksassociatedwithconstantsunexposure.“Iwantedtomakemyideanotonlyscientificallyexceptionalbutalsoaccessibletoabroadaudience,”Bekeleexpressedduringaninterviewwiththemedia.HereceivedinvaluableguidancefromDeborahIsabelle,aproductengineeringspecialist,whoconnectedhimwithotherscientiststoaidhiminreachinghisambitiousplans.Duringhispresentation,Bekelepassionatelyexpressedhisvisionofturningthesoapinto“asymbolofhope,accessibility,andaworldwhereskincancertreatmentiswithinreachforall.”O(jiān)verthecomingfiveyears,Bekelelongstoperfecthisinventionandestablishanonprofitorganizationdevotedtodistributinghisinnovativecreationtomoreplacesincludingundevelopedcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthefightagainstskincancer.4.WhatmadeBekeleaninstanthit?A.Startingasoapfashion. B.Overcomingskincancer.C.Beingtheyoungestscientist. D.Creatingasoapagainstskincancer.5.WhatinspiredBekeletoinventSCTS?A.Hisconcernforothers. B.Hisadventureinchildhood.C.Hisenthusiasmfortechnology. D.Hisinterestinmedicalknowledge.6.WhatwillBekeledointhenearfuture?A.Obtainofficialapproval. B.Visitundevelopedareas.C.Increasetheavailabilityofthesoap. D.Updatethefacilitiesofproduction.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBekele?A.Inspiringandmodest. B.Humorousandpositive.C.Creativeandconsiderate. D.Curiousandindependent.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了一位14歲來自弗吉尼亞州的年輕科學家HemanBekele，他通過創(chuàng)造一種抗擊皮膚癌的肥皂獲得了“美國頂尖年輕科學家”的稱號。【4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“ArisingstarfromVirginiahassecuredthetitleof“America’sTopYoungScientist”forhisgroundbreakingcreation—abarofsoapdesignedtobattleagainstskincancer.

(美國維吉尼亞州一顆冉冉升起的新星獲得了“美國頂尖青年科學家”的稱號，因為他的開創(chuàng)性發(fā)明——一種可以對抗皮膚癌的肥皂)”可知，HemanBekele發(fā)明了一種對抗皮膚癌的肥皂，一炮而紅。故選D。【5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“

Reflectingonhisinspiration,Bekelesharedthathischildhoodplayedasignificantroleinshapinghisinnovativethinking.Havingwitnessedpeopleworktirelesslyunderthesun,hecouldn’thelpbutwonderhowmanywereawareoftherisksassociatedwithconstantsunexposure.(在反思他的靈感時，Bekele分享了他的童年在塑造他的創(chuàng)新思維方面發(fā)揮了重要作用。目睹人們在陽光下不知疲倦地工作，他不禁想知道有多少人意識到持續(xù)暴露在陽光下的風險)”可知，Bekele對別人的關(guān)心激發(fā)了他發(fā)明SCTS。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Duringhispresentation,Bekelepassionatelyexpressedhisvisionofturningthesoapinto“asymbolofhope,accessibility,andaworldwhereskincancertreatmentiswithinreachforall.”(在他的演講中，Bekele熱情地表達了他的愿景，即把這種肥皂變成“希望、可及性的象征，以及一個人人都能接受皮膚癌治療的世界。”)”以及最后一段“Overthecomingfiveyears,Bekelelongstoperfecthisinventionandestablishanonprofitorganizationdevotedtodistributinghisinnovativecreationtomoreplacesincludingundevelopedcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthefightagainstskincancer.(在接下來的五年里，Bekele渴望完善他的發(fā)明，并建立一個非營利組織，致力于將他的創(chuàng)新發(fā)明分發(fā)到更多的地方，包括不發(fā)達的社區(qū)，為抗擊皮膚癌提供希望和實用的解決方案)”可知，Bekele希望建立一個非營利組織，將他的創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品分發(fā)到更多地方，包括欠發(fā)達社區(qū)，為對抗皮膚癌提供希望和實際解決方案，即增加肥皂的可獲得性。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“ArisingstarfromVirginiahassecuredthetitleof“America’sTopYoungScientist”forhisgroundbreakingcreation—abarofsoapdesignedtobattleagainstskincancer.

(美國維吉尼亞州一顆冉冉升起的新星獲得了“美國頂尖青年科學家”的稱號，因為他的開創(chuàng)性發(fā)明——一種可以對抗皮膚癌的肥皂)”以及最后一段“Overthecomingfiveyears,Bekelelongstoperfecthisinventionandestablishanonprofitorganizationdevotedtodistributinghisinnovativecreationtomoreplacesincludingundevelopedcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthefightagainstskincancer.(在接下來的五年里，Bekele渴望完善他的發(fā)明，并建立一個非營利組織，致力于將他的創(chuàng)新發(fā)明分發(fā)到更多的地方，包括不發(fā)達的社區(qū)，為抗擊皮膚癌提供希望和實用的解決方案)”可知，文章介紹了一位14歲來自弗吉尼亞州的年輕科學家HemanBekele，他通過創(chuàng)造一種抗擊皮膚癌的肥皂獲得了“美國頂尖年輕科學家”的稱號。未來五年里，Bekele希望完善他的發(fā)明，并建立一個非營利組織，將這種創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品分發(fā)到更多地方，包括欠發(fā)達社區(qū)，為對抗皮膚癌提供希望和實際解決方案。由此推知，他一個有創(chuàng)造力和體貼的人。故選C。CIntheanimalworld,speedisking.Fastanimalshavealegupinoutrunningotheranimals,whichputsthemhighonthefoodchain.Itwouldseemthatallanimalswouldgoforspeed,butthenthere’sthesloth(樹懶).Whilealioncangofrom0to60milesanhourinonlyfiveseconds,ittakesaslothalldaytocovernomorethan50meters.Slothsliveentirelyintreesonadietofleaves.Andforthis,theyareextremelyrare.Whilemostofthelandworldiscoveredintrees,thereareveryfewvertebrates(脊椎動物)thatcallthetreehome.Theaimofa2016study,saysJonathanPauli,aUniversityofAlabamaprofessorofforestandwildlifeecology,wastohelpuncoverwhyslothsareindeedsounique.“Amongvertebrates,thisistherarestoflifestyles”,saysPauli.“Whenyoupictureanimalsthatliveoffplantleaves,theyarealmostallbig-thingslikedeer.What’ssuperinterestingaboutslothsisthattheycan’tbebig.”Fortheirresearch,PauliandhisWisconsinteamstudiedwildslothsatafieldsite.Whentheresearchersmeasuredtheenergyuseofsloths,theyfoundawildlylowburningofaslittleas110caloriesofenergyaday.Andforthis,theytakethecake:itisthelowestmeasuredenergeticoutputforanymammal(哺乳動物).“Themeasurementwasintendedtofindoutwhatitcostslothstoliveoveraday,”saysPauli,whoaddsthatadietoflittlebutleaveslacksnutritionalvalueandtheanimal’ssmallsizedoesn’tallowforovereating-soslothsneedtofindwaystomakethemostoftheirdiets,whichmeansusingtinyamountsofenergy,dramaticcontrolofbodytemperatureandlivingatanextremelyslowpace.Theirreward?Awonderfullywidespreadecologicalsystemtocalltheirown,oneslowinchatatime.8.WhyisalionmentionedinParagraph1?A.Toadmirelions’speed. B.Tostatesloths’weakness.C.Toconfirmlions’leadposition. D.Tohighlightsloths’uniqueness.9.Whatisthe2016studymainlyabout?A.Thelifestyleofsloths. B.Thedietofvertebrates.C.Thespeciesofrareanimals. D.Theenergyuseofcreatures.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“takethecake”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Breakdown. B.Keepon. C.Standout. D.Growup.11.WhatcanbeinferredaboutslothsfromPauli’swords?A.Theirslowpaceisabalancedchoice.B.Theyareinfaceofpossibleextinction.C.Theirslowpacedecidesatinyappetite.D.Theysufferalotagainstnaturalenemies.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。這篇文章主要講述了樹懶的獨特生活方式和適應(yīng)策略。雖然速度在動物界很重要，但樹懶卻以它們的緩慢生活而聞名。樹懶生活在樹上，以樹葉為食，它們的能量消耗非常低。樹懶采取了低能量消耗、控制體溫和緩慢生活的方式來適應(yīng)以樹葉為食的生活。雖然樹懶消耗的能量很少，但它們擁有自己獨特的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Fastanimalshavealegupinoutrunningotheranimals,whichputsthemhighonthefoodchain.Itwouldseemthatallanimalswouldgoforspeed,butthenthere’sthesloth(樹懶).Whilealioncangofrom0to60milesanhourinonlyfiveseconds,ittakesaslothalldaytocovernomorethan50meters.(速度快的動物比其他動物跑得快，這使它們處于食物鏈的高位。似乎所有的動物都追求速度，但樹懶除外。獅子可以在5秒內(nèi)從0英里跑到60英里每小時，而樹懶需要一整天才能走超過50米。)”可知，似乎所有的動物都追求速度，但樹懶除外，由此文章指出獅子可以在5秒內(nèi)從0英里跑到60英里每小時，而樹懶需要一整天才能走超過50米，此處提到了獅子的速度，與接下來講述樹懶的緩慢相對比，從而強調(diào)樹懶的獨特之處。故選D。【9題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theaimofa2016study,saysJonathanPauli,aUniversityofAlabamaprofessorofforestandwildlifeecology,wastohelpuncoverwhyslothsareindeedsounique.

(阿拉巴馬大學森林和野生動物生態(tài)學教授JonathanPauli表示，2016年一項研究的目的是幫助揭示樹懶確實如此獨特的原因。)”以及““Amongvertebrates,thisistherarestoflifestyles”,saysPauli.

(“在脊椎動物中，這是最罕見的生活方式，”Pauli說。)”可知，2016年一項研究的目的是為了揭示樹懶生活方式為什么如此獨特。故選A。【10題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前面的內(nèi)容“Wisconsinteamstudiedwildslothsatafieldsite.Whentheresearchersmeasuredtheenergyuseofsloths,theyfoundawildlylowburningofaslittleas110caloriesofenergyaday.

(威斯康辛州的一個研究小組在野外研究了野生樹懶。當研究人員測量樹懶的能量消耗時，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)樹懶每天燃燒的能量非常低，只有110卡路里。)”以及劃線詞后面的內(nèi)容“itisthelowestmeasuredenergeticoutputforanymammal(這是所有哺乳動物中測量到的能量輸出最低的。)”可知，就樹懶的能量消耗，其每天燃燒的能量非常低，只有110卡路里，這是所有哺乳動物中測量到的能量輸出最低的，因為這一特點使得樹懶脫穎而出（與眾不同）。故劃線詞與C選項“Standout.(脫穎而出)”為同義詞短語。故選C?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““Themeasurementwasintendedtofindoutwhatitcostslothstoliveoveraday,”saysPauli,whoaddsthatadietoflittlebutleaveslacksnutritionalvalueandtheanimal’ssmallsizedoesn’tallowforovereating-soslothsneedtofindwaystomakethemostoftheirdiets,whichmeansusingtinyamountsofenergy,dramaticcontrolofbodytemperatureandlivingatanextremelyslowpace.(“這次測量的目的是找出樹懶在一天中生活所需的成本，”Pauli說道，他補充說，只吃樹葉的飲食缺乏營養(yǎng)價值，而樹懶的體型小，不允許過度進食，所以樹懶需要找到方法來最大限度地利用自己的飲食，這意味著使用極少的能量、極大地控制體溫和以非常緩慢的步調(diào)生活。)”可知，因為樹懶的體型小，不允許過度進食，所以樹懶需要找到方法來最大限度地利用自己的飲食，這意味著使用極少的能量、極大地控制體溫和以非常緩慢的步調(diào)生活，即樹懶緩慢的步調(diào)是為了適應(yīng)以樹葉為食的生活，并讓它們能夠最大限度地利用自己的食物，由此推斷它們緩慢的節(jié)奏是一個平衡的選擇。故選A。DFromthedaywe’reborn,curiositybecomesaprimarydrivingforcethatmotivatesustoexploreunknownideasandterritoriesinsearchofanswersandstimulations.Humanbeingshaveaninborndesiretoclosethe“curiositygap”everyday.Arecentstudyfoundthatcuriositycanbeahighlyeffectivewaytoleadpeopletomakesmarterandhealthierlifestylechoices.EvanPolman,assistantprofessorofmarketingattheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,said,“Ourresearchshowsthatfuelingpeople’scuriositycaninfluencetheirchoicesbyturningthemawayfrominvitingdesires,likeunhealthyfoodsortakingtheelevator,andtowardlessinvitingbuthealthieroptions,suchasbuyingmorefreshproduceortakingthestairs.”Toprovethepositivepotentialofthecuriositygap,Polmanandhisteamconductedaseriesofexperimentsdesignedtotesthowcuriosityaffectedthechoicespeoplemadepositively.Ineachstudy,arousingcuriosityresultedinnoticeablebehaviorchange.Forexample,inoneoftheexperiments,Polmanincreasedthenumberofparticipantswhochosetowatchavideoofacademicnaturebypromisingthattheywouldrevealthesecretbehindamagictrickattheendofthevideo.TheresultsofthefieldstudiesoncuriositywereparticularlyconvincingtoPolman.Inonefieldstudy,theresearcherscreateda10percentincreaseintheuseofstairsinauniversitybuildingbypostingtrivial(瑣事)questionsneartheelevatorsandpostingtheanswersinthestairwell.Inanother,theyincreasedthepurchaseoffreshproducebyplacingajokeonthepostersdescribingthefruitorvegetable.Polmanwassurprisedbythedegreethattakingadvantageofthecuriositygapcouldmotivatepeopletoautomaticallymakehealthierlifestylechoices.Heconcluded,“Ourresultssuggestthatusinginterventionsbasedoncuriositygapshasthepotentialtoincreaseparticipationindesiredbehaviorsforwhichpeopleoftenlackmotivation.Italsoprovidesnewevidencethatcuriosity-basedinterventionscomeatanincrediblysmallcostandcouldhelppushpeopletowardavarietyofpositiveactions.”12.Whatdidarecentstudyfindaboutcuriosity?A.Itfuelspeople’sdesires. B.Itlowerspeople’sbuying.C.Itbenefitspeople’shealth. D.Itdeterminespeople’slives.13.WhatarethoseexperimentsbyPolman’steamaimedat?A.Supportingafinding. B.Raisingaresearchtopic.C.Arousingscientists’interest. D.Displayingnegativeevidence.14.WhatisPolman’sattitudetotheresultsoffieldstudies?A.Doubtful. B.Unclear. C.Approving. D.Dismissive.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Howtostaycurious B.ThemagicofcuriosityC.Howtomakehealthchoices D.Thetwosidesofcuriositygap【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。這篇文章主要講述了好奇心對人們做出更聰明和更健康的生活選擇具有積極影響的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Arecentstudyfoundthatcuriositycanbeahighlyeffectivewaytoleadpeopletomakesmarterandhealthierlifestylechoices.(最近的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，好奇心可以非常有效地引導人們做出更明智、更健康的生活方式選擇。)”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，好奇心能夠成為一種高度有效的方式，引導人們做出更聰明和更健康的生活選擇。故選C?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Toprovethepositivepotentialofthecuriositygap,Polmanandhisteamconductedaseriesofexperimentsdesignedtotesthowcuriosityaffectedthechoicespeoplemadepositively.

(為了證明好奇心差距的積極潛力，Polman和他的團隊進行了一系列實驗，旨在測試好奇心如何影響人們做出積極的選擇。)”可知，為了證明好奇心差距的積極潛力，Polman和他的團隊進行了一系列實驗即Polman團隊的實驗旨在證明好奇心如何積極影響人們的選擇。故選A?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“TheresultsofthefieldstudiesoncuriositywereparticularlyconvincingtoPolman.

(對好奇心的野外研究結(jié)果對Polman來說尤其令人信服。)”可知，Polman對野外實地研究的結(jié)果是極其信服的，因此Polman對野外（實地）研究的結(jié)果是贊同的。故選C?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“Arecentstudyfoundthatcuriositycanbeahighlyeffectivewaytoleadpeopletomakesmarterandhealthierlifestylechoices.(最近的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，好奇心可以非常有效地引導人們做出更明智、更健康的生活方式選擇。)”以及通讀全文可知，這篇文章主要講述了好奇心對人們做出更聰明和更健康的生活選擇具有積極影響的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。B選項“Themagicofcuriosity(好奇心的魔力)”概括文章主要內(nèi)容，符合標題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Thebrainisoftenseenasthemostimportantorganofushumans.Itcontrolsourthoughts,emotions,memoriesandevenourmovements.However,whatmanypeopleoftenforgetisthatthebrainandthebodyarecloselyconnected.____16____Studieshaveshownthatregularexercisecansignificantlyimprovecognitivefunctionssuchasmemory,attentionandproblem-solvingabilities.____17____Howdoesthishappen?Well,theanswerliesinthewayexerciseaffectsthebrain.Exerciseincreasestheproductionofproteinsthatpromotethegrowthandsurvivalofneurons(神經(jīng)元),thusensuringbetterbrainfunctions.Moreover,exercisehasapositiveimpactonmoodandmentalwell-being.Ithelpsreleasesomenaturalmoodboostersthatmakeusfeelmorepositiveandhappy.____18____Asfortheexercisevarieties,it’snotjustaboutaerobic(有氧的)exerciseslikerunningorcycling.____19____Itimprovesconcentrationanddecision-makingabilitiesbyenhancingtheconnectivitybetweendifferentregionsofthebrain.____20____Exerciseisn’tjustaboutkeepingfitorlosingweight;it’saboutimprovingcognitivefunctions,boostingmoodandevenhelpingusthinkmorecreatively.So,thenexttimeyoufeellazyorunmotivatedtoexercise,rememberthateverystepyoutakeisonestepclosertoahealthier,happierandmoreintelligentyou.A.Itevenstrengthenscreativity.B.Actuallythebodydeeplyaffectsthebrain.C.Thebrainalsohasgreatimpactsonexercise.D.Anexerciseloverisunlikelytosufferdepression.E.Walkingandjoggingdogoodtomentalfunctionstoo.F.Strengthtraininghasalsobeenshowntobenefitthebrain.G.Thelinksbetweenthebrainandthebodycannotbeoverstated.【答案】16.B17.A18.D19.F20.G【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了運動對大腦的影響，經(jīng)常鍛煉可以顯著提高認知功能，如記憶力、注意力和解決問題的能力?！?6題詳析】上文“However,whatmanypeopleoftenforgetisthatthebrainandthebodyarecloselyconnected.(然而，很多人經(jīng)常忘記的是，大腦和身體是緊密相連的)”提到了大腦和身體是有聯(lián)系的，選項B中body和brain是關(guān)鍵詞與上文呼應(yīng)，構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系，所以B選項“實際上身體深深地影響著大腦?！蹦艹薪由衔模险Z境。故選B項?！?7題詳析】上文“Studieshaveshownthatregularexercisecansignificantlyimprovecognitivefunctionssuchasmemory,attentionandproblem-solvingabilities.(研究表明，經(jīng)常鍛煉可以顯著提高認知功能，如記憶力、注意力和解決問題的能力)”提到了經(jīng)常鍛煉的好處，A選項“它甚至能增強創(chuàng)造力”與上文構(gòu)成遞進關(guān)系，符合語境。故選A項?！?8題詳析】上文“Moreover,exercisehasapositiveimpactonmoodandmentalwell-being.Ithelpsreleasesomenaturalmoodboostersthatmakeusfeelmorepositiveandhappy.(此外，鍛煉對情緒和精神健康有積極的影響。它有助于釋放一些自然的情緒助推器，讓我們感覺更積極和快樂)”提到了鍛煉對情緒的影響，選項D中depression是關(guān)鍵詞，與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，所以D選項“熱愛運動的人不太可能患抑郁癥?！狈险Z境。故選D項?！?9題詳析】上文“Asfortheexercisevarieties,it’snotjustaboutaerobic(有氧的)exerciseslikerunningorcycling.(至于運動的種類，不僅僅是跑步或騎自行車這樣的有氧運動)”提到了運動的種類，選項F中Strengthtraining是關(guān)鍵詞，與上文的運動種類呼應(yīng)，所以F選項“力量訓練也被證明對大腦有益。”與上文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系，符合語境。故選F項?！?0題詳析】下文“Exerciseisn’tjustaboutkeepingfitorlosingweight;it’saboutimprovingcognitivefunctions,boostingmoodandevenhelpingusthinkmorecreatively.(鍛煉不僅僅是為了保持健康或減肥；它可以改善認知功能，改善情緒，甚至幫助我們更有創(chuàng)造性地思考)”提到了鍛煉和大腦之間的聯(lián)系，選項G“大腦和身體之間的聯(lián)系怎么強調(diào)都不為過?！蹦芨爬ㄏ挛膬?nèi)容。故選G項。第二部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項,Atwo-year-oldgirlinNewberryCountyhadlastbeenseenatabout3:00p.m.,butshewasmissinglaterintheday.Thesituationtooka____21____turnaround6:00p.m.whenahunterintheareaheardthecriesofthemissingchild.Reactingimmediately,thehunter____22____anemergencycalltellingauthoritiesthechild’slocation.Theoperators____23____immediately,applyingadvancedmappingtechnologytolocatetheposition.Thiscrucialinformationwasthen____24____senttoaSouthCarolinaLawEnforcementDivision(SLED)andthecounty’sfirst____25____.Withthelocationdatainhand,asearchteamwasquickly____26____tothewoodedarea.Thetirelesseffortsoftheserescueworkersultimately____27____aheartwarmingreunion.Themissingtwo-year-oldwasfoundintheforest,safeandsoundexceptsomeslightinjuries.Despiteher___28___experience,shewasfoundtobeinsurprisinglygood___29___,exceptherunderstandabletiredness,thirstandfear.The____30____rescuewastheresultofthe___31___betweendifferentdepartmentsandthecommunityasawhole.TheNewberryCountySheriff’sOfficeexpressedtheir___32___fortheeffortsofeveryoneinvolved,includingcitizens,andthose___33___theirthoughtsandprayersduringthesearch.Andtheyshowedtheirreliefatthe___34___ofthelittlegirlinthecareoffamily.Theirheroicactionswillbe___35___asaheartwarmingsuccessstoryinNewberryCountyforyearstocome.21.A.disappointing B.hopeful C.reasonable D.challenging22.A.placed B.received C.missed D.answered23.A.appeared B.escaped C.acted D.arrived24.A.optionally B.carefully C.entirely D.rapidly25.A.discoverers B.rescuers C.operators D.survivors26.A.adapting B.returning C.heading D.pointing27.A.paidfor B.setup C.tookon D.ledto28.A.frightening B.regretful C.annoying D.shameful29.A.shape B.mind C.order D.faith30.A.risky B.remarkable C.traditional D.joyful31.A.respect B.cooperation C.balance D.discussion32.A.blessing B.kindness C.concern D.gratitude33.A.offering B.praising C.advocating D.assessing34.A.performance B.virtue C.recovery D.courage35.A.edited B.perfected C.performed D.celebrated【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.B26.C27.D28.A29.A30.B31.B32.D33.A34.C35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一個兩歲的小女孩丟失了，在救援中各部門行動迅速，積極配合，不懈努力，讓孩子及時得救。【21題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：下午6點左右，當該地區(qū)的一名獵人聽到失蹤兒童的哭聲時，情況發(fā)生了有希望的轉(zhuǎn)折。A.disappointing令人失望的；B.hopeful有希望的；C.reasonable合理的；D.challenging具有挑戰(zhàn)性的。根據(jù)下文“whenahunterintheareaheardthecriesofthemissingchild.”可知，尋找孩子有了希望。故選B項?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：獵人立即做出反應(yīng)，撥打了緊急電話，告訴當局孩子的位置。A.placed放置,撥打；B.received收到；C.missed錯過；D.answered回答。根據(jù)下文“anemergencycalltellingauthoritiesthechild’slocation.”可知，獵人撥打急救電話。故選A項。【23題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：操作人員立即行動，應(yīng)用先進的測繪技術(shù)確定位置。A.appeared出現(xiàn)；B.escaped逃逸；C.acted行為；D.arrived到達。根據(jù)下文“applyingadvancedmappingtechnologytolocatetheposition”可知，收到急救電話后，操作人員立刻就行動了起來。故選C項。【24題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這一重要信息隨后迅速被送往南卡羅來納州的一個執(zhí)法部門和該縣的第一個救援人員。A.optionally可選地；B.carefully小心地；C.entirely完全地；D.rapidly迅速地。根據(jù)常識可知，救援是緊急的，應(yīng)迅速傳達信息。故選D項?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上題。A.discoverers發(fā)現(xiàn)者；B.rescuers救援人員；C.operators操作員；D.survivors幸存者。根據(jù)下文“Thetirelesseffortsoftheserescueworkersultimately_______aheartwarmingreunion.”可知，信息應(yīng)傳達給救援人員。故選B項?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有了定位數(shù)據(jù)，搜索隊很快就向森林地區(qū)前進。A.adapting適應(yīng)；B.returning返回；C.heading朝(某方向)行進；D.pointing指出。根據(jù)上文“Withthelocationdatainhand”可知，搜索人員在定位數(shù)據(jù)的指引下前行。故選C項。【27題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：這些救援人員的不懈努力最終促成了一次溫馨的團聚。A.paidfor付款；B.setup設(shè)置；C.tookon呈現(xiàn)；D.ledto導致。根據(jù)下文“aheartwarmingreunion”可知，救援人員的付出讓孩子和家人團聚。故選D項。【28題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管她有著令人害怕的經(jīng)歷，但人們發(fā)現(xiàn)她的身體狀況出奇地好，除了可以理解的疲倦、口渴和恐懼。A.frightening令人害怕的；B.regretful遺憾的；C.annoying煩人的；D.shameful可恥的。根據(jù)常識可知，走丟了是令人害怕的經(jīng)歷。故選A項?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上題。A.shape狀況；B.mind心智；C.order訂單；D.faith信仰。根據(jù)上文“Themissingtwo-year-oldwasfoundintheforest,safeandsoundexceptsomeslightinjuries”可知，小女孩狀況很好。beingoodshape“狀態(tài)良好”。故選A項。【30題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這次引人注目的營救行動是不同部門之間通力合作的結(jié)果。A.risky有風險的；B.remarkable顯著的；C.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；D.joyful快樂的。根據(jù)全文以及上文“Withthelocationdatainhand,asearchteamwasquickly_______tothewoodedarea.Thetirelesseffortsoftheserescueworkersultimately____aheartwarmingreunion.”可知，這次救援中各部門行動迅速，配合好，是一次引人注目的營救行動。不懈努力才讓孩子及時得救了。故選B項。【31題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上題。A.respect尊重；B.cooperation合作；C.balance平衡；D.discussion討論。根據(jù)下文“betweendifferentdepartmentsandthecommunityasawhole”可知，是各部門的通力合作讓救援變得很順利。故選B項。【32題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：紐伯里縣治安官辦公室對包括市民在內(nèi)的所有相關(guān)人員的努力表示感謝，并感謝他們在搜尋過程中提供的想法和祈禱。A.blessing祝福；B.kindness善良；C.concern關(guān)注；D.gratitude感激。根據(jù)下文“ortheeffortsofeveryoneinvolved,includingcitizens,andthose________theirthoughtsandprayersduringthesearch”可知，此處是表達感謝。故選D項。【33題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上題。A.offering提供；B.praising贊揚；C.advocating主張；D.assessing評估。根據(jù)下文“theirthoughts”可知，救援過程中相關(guān)人員都獻計獻策。故選A項?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們對這個由家人照顧的小女孩的康復(fù)表示欣慰。A.performance表演，性能；B.virtue美德；C.recovery恢復(fù)；D.courage勇氣。根據(jù)上文“Themissingtwo-year-oldwasfoundintheforest,safeandsoundexceptsomeslightinjuries.”以及下文“inthecareoffamily”可知，在家人的照料下，小女孩很快得以康復(fù)。故選C項?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在未來幾年他們的英勇行為將被譽為紐伯里縣一個感人的成功故事。A.edited編輯；B.perfected完善；C.performed執(zhí)行；D.celebrated慶祝，贊美

，頌揚

。根據(jù)下文“asaheartwarmingsuccessstoryinNewberryCountyforyearstocome.”可知，這是一個值得贊頌的故事。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。GrandCanalisoneofthegreatengineeringwondersbuiltbyancientChinese.“Itbearswitness____36____aremarkableandearlydevelopmentofhydraulic(水利的)engineering,”theUNESCOwebsitestates.Inancienttimes,theGrandCanal____37____(serve)asthemainchannelforgraintransportandeverykindofeconomicandculturalexchange.Italsofacilitatedthetime-consumingjourneysoflaborersandmaterialsforthe____38____(construct)oftheForbiddenCityinBeijing,thecapitalcityoftheYuan,MingandQingDynasties.GrandCanalhadinspiredthenameofChenchen,oneofthethreemascots(吉祥物)ofthe19thAsianGamesHangzhou.Chenchen,comingfromtheGongchenBridge,____39____stretchesovertheHangzhousectionoftheGrandCanal,wascoloredblue____40____(represent)scienceandtechnology.TheHangzhousectionofthecanalcovers____41____totallengthof39kilometers,whichishometo11ofthecanal’stotal58historical____42____(site).ItentersthecityfromTangqiancienttowninYuhangDistrict,travelsthroughGongshuandShangchengDistricts,____43____finallyflowsintotheQiantangRiverfromtheThreeGorgesShipLock.Visitors____44____(recommend)totakeaboattripontheancientwaterwaytoenjoysomeof____45____(it)incomparablesceneryaswellastheamazinglandscapeofJiangnanwatertown.【答案】36.to37.served38.construction39.which40.torepresent41.a42.sites43.an