2023屆江蘇省蘇北四市（徐 淮 連 宿）高三一模英語試卷 （解析版）

屆高三年級(jí)第一次調(diào)研測(cè)試英語注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthegirllikeaboutherparents?A.Theyarestrict.B.Theyarerich.C.Theyarecaring.2.Howmuchdoesthekeyboardcostnow?A.$40.B.$50.C.$20.3.Whydoestheboyrefusethegirl’soffer?A.Hehasadoctor’sappointment.B.Heneedstogotoseehisfamily.C.Hehasbeentothebeachbefore.4.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Makingdinner.B.Orderingsomefood.C.Shoppingforaparty.5.Whatdoesthemanwanttoknow?A.Howtomakedesserts.B.Howtosolveproblems.C.Howtounderstandexpressions.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatistheman’sadviceforthewoman’strip?A.ShereallyshouldgotoPisa.B.SheshouldonlystayinRome.C.SheshouldalsocheckoutVenice.7.HowmuchtimewillthewomanprobablyspendinRome?A.Twodays.B.Fivedays.C.Sevendays.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atarestaurant.B.Athome.C.Atoffice.9.Whatisthewomanmostworriedabout?A.Missingthesnacks.B.Failingtofinishherfinancialreport.C.Leavingabadimpressionontheman’sparents.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Howdidthemanfeelwhenhewentbacktohishometown?A.Bored.B.Awkward.C.Excited.11.Wheredoesthemanlivenow?A.InFrance.B.InEngland.C.InGermany.12.Whatdoesthemandecidetodo?A.Visithisfamilyregularly.B.Gobackhomeandgetajob.C.Keepintouchwithhisfriendsmoreoften.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Strangers.C.Teammates.14.Whatisthegirlafraidof?A.Losingatsports.B.Failingthetest.C.Missingsomeclasses.15.Whatgamewouldn’ttheboyliketoplayanymore?A.Soccer.B.Baseball.C.Basketball.16.Whereisthelibrary?A.Onthethirdfloor.B.Onthesecondfloor.C.Onthefirstfloor.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhywillMr.Jenkinsbeleaving?A.Heissick.B.Hehasfoundanewjob.C.Hewilltakecareofafamilymember.18.WhenwillMr.Jenkinsbeleaving?A.Attheendoftheweek.B.Attheendofthemonth.C.Attheendofthesemester.19.WhatwilltheschooldotoappreciateMr.Jenkins?A.Holdapartyforhim.B.Sendhimonvacation.C.Namesomethingafterhim.20.WhoisMr.Ryan?A.Ateacher.B.Anathlete.C.Abasketballcoach.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMadrid’sIncredibleMuseumsCaixaForumCaixaForumisamuseumandculturalcenterthatoccupiesanoldpowerplant.Fromtheoutsidethebuildingappearstobefloating,andthere’savertical(垂直的)gardenwith15,000plantspeciesgrowingonthesideofonewall.Insidearefourfloorsofpaintings,photos,andmultimediaexhibitions,aswellasworkshopsandatheater-auditorium.Evenifyoudon’tenteranyexhibitions,it’sworthstoppingbytoadmirethebuilding’sstrikingouterandinnerarchitecture.Hours:10:00AMto8:00PMdailyFreeadmission:May15,18,andNovember9MuseoSorollaThissmallartgalleryisdedicatedtotheImpressionistpainterJoaquínSorolla(1863-1923).Thegalleryisinhisformerhomeandstudio,andthey’vepreservedtheoriginalatmospherewellsoyougetafeelforwhatitwaslikewhenhewaslivingandworkingthere.Hours:TuesdaytoSaturdayfrom9:30AMto8:00PMSundaysandholidaysfrom10:00AMto3:00PM,closedMondaysFreeadmission:Saturdaysafter2:00PMandSundaysMuseodelRomanticismoThissmallmuseumfocusesonthehistoryanddailylifeoftheRomanticperiod.ThemuseumrecreatestheRomanticatmosphereinitsroomdisplayswithfurniture,carpets,jewelry,paintings,andotherantiquesofthetimeperiod.Hours:TuesdaytoSaturdayfrom9:30AMto6:30PMSundaysandholidaysfrom10:00AMto3:00PM,closedMondaysFreeadmission:Saturdaysafter2:00PMandSundaysMuseoThyssen-BornemiszaTheThyssenMuseumbeganastheThyssenfamily’sprivatecollectionofsevencenturiesofEuropeanpainting,regardedasoneofthemostimportantcollectionsofthelastcentury.In1992,itwasconvertedintoapublicmuseum.Ithasagreatvarietyofartists,styles,andtimeperiods.Hours:Mondaysfrom12:00PMto4:00PM,TuesdaytoSundayfrom10:00AMto7:00PMFreeadmission:Mondaysfrom12:00PMto4:00PM1.WhatisspecialaboutCaixaForum?A.Itsroomdisplays.BItshistoricexhibits.C.Itsstrikingstructure.D.Itsoriginalatmosphere.2.WhencanwevisitMuseoSorollaforfree?A.9:30a.m.Sunday.B.2:30p.m.Saturday.C.6:00p.m.Tuesday.D.10:00a.m.Monday.3.WhatcanbeseeninbothMuseoThyssen-BornemiszaandMuseodelRomanticismo?A.Paintings. B.Carpets.C.Jewelry. D.Furniture.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了馬德里幾個(gè)令人驚嘆的博物館。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CaixaForum中的“Fromtheoutsidethebuildingappearstobefloating,andthere’savertical(垂直的)gardenwith15,000plantspeciesgrowingonthesideofonewall.(從外面看，這座建筑似乎是漂浮的，一面墻上有一個(gè)垂直花園，有15000種植物生長。)”可知，CaixaForum特別之處在于它驚人的結(jié)構(gòu)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MuseoSorolla中的“Freeadmission:Saturdaysafter2:00PMandSundays(免費(fèi)入場(chǎng)：星期六下午2:00后及星期日)”可知，周六下午2:30可以免費(fèi)參觀MuseoSorolla。故選B。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MuseodelRomanticismo中的“ThemuseumrecreatestheRomanticatmosphereinitsroomdisplayswithfurniture,carpets,jewelry,paintings,andotherantiquesofthetimeperiod.(博物館用當(dāng)時(shí)的家具、地毯、珠寶、繪畫和其他古董在房間里再現(xiàn)了浪漫的氛圍。)”和MuseoThyssen-Bornemisza中的“TheThyssenMuseumbeganastheThyssenfamily’sprivatecollectionofsevencenturiesofEuropeanpainting,regardedasoneofthemostimportantcollectionsofthelastcentury.(蒂森博物館最初是蒂森家族的私人收藏，收藏了七個(gè)世紀(jì)的歐洲繪畫作品，被認(rèn)為是上世紀(jì)最重要的收藏之一。)”可知，MuseodelRomanticismo和MuseoThyssen-Bornemisza都能看到繪畫。故選A。BBymymid-20s,I’dfinishedmymasterinpsychology,andIwasworkinginDublinasahealthresearcher.Itwasmostlydataandstatisticsworkstaringatascreen.Iwasearningmorethanmostofmyfriends,livingthecitylife,goingoutatweekends.Ihadagoodpension(養(yǎng)老金)andannualleavebutitcausedalotofanxietyandworry.Iwasreallyunhappy.IwantedtogetbacktofeelingpassionateaboutsomethingsoIstartedthinkingaboutthethingsIusedtolove.Asachild,I’dalwaysbeeninvolvedintheoutdoors,andIusedtolovehikingbutallthathadstoppedaftersecondaryschool.Idecidedtovolunteerwithalocalyouthgroupandwithinamonth,I’dgonecampingwiththem.Iabsolutelylovedit.Itwaslikesswitchingonalightbulb.ThiswaswhatI’dbeenmissing.Istartedtakingcoursesinmountainskillsandwildernessfirstaid,andbyAugustIwasworkingmyusualjobintheweek,andIwasaclimbingclubleaderatweekends.Ilovedconnectingwithnature,connectingwithotherpeople.Throughallthis,Ilearntaboutthewholefieldofnature-basedtherapies(療法).Itwastheperfectfittocombinemypsychologybackgroundwithmypassionfortheoutdoors.Ibegantakingcoursesinwildtherapy,forestbathingandecopsychology.IleftmygovernmentjobandinJuly2020IlaunchedmybusinessNatureTherapyIreland,whichisboomingnow.I’dthoughtI’dalwaysliveinacitybutlastyear,ImovedtoTipperarytoliveatthefootofamountain,surroundedbynature.IfI’mfeelingstressed,Icanstepoutsideinmybarefeetandstandonthegrasstogroundmyself.InDublin,thefrontdoorfeltlikeabarrier—Ihadtohavemykeys,myphone,myjacketbeforeIcouldevengooutandfindagreenspace.Mylifenowisleadingnatureconnectionhikesandforestbathingwalks.MysalaryhashalvedforthemomentbutI’veadjusted.I’veneverlookedback.4.WhatdidthewriterthinkofherjobinDublin?A.Stressful. B.Valueless.C.Insecure. D.Demanding.5.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninParagraph2?A.Sheenjoyedhervoluntarywork.B.Sherealizedwhatshereallyloved.C.Recallingthepastmadeherhappy.D.Abrightfuturewasinstoreforher.6.WhatdrovethewritertolaunchherbusinessNatureTherapyIreland?A.Heradventurousexperience.B.Herleadershipandbackground.C.Herconnectionwithotherpeople.D.Hermajorandpassionfornature.7.WhydidthewritercompareherlifeinDublinwiththatinTipperary?A.Tohighlighthowboringcitylifewas.B.Tocallonpeopletogetbacktonature.C.Toshowhersatisfactionwithherchange.D.Toindicatehowsuccessfulherbusinesswas.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者介紹了辭去政府工作，選擇做自己喜歡做的事情，并且作者將自己的心理學(xué)專業(yè)與對(duì)戶外的熱情創(chuàng)辦了NatureTherapyIreland，雖然薪水減半，但是感覺很放松?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Ihadagoodpension(養(yǎng)老金)andannualleavebutitcausedalotofanxietyandworry.Iwasreallyunhappy.(我有一個(gè)很好的養(yǎng)老金和年假，但它引起了很多焦慮和擔(dān)憂。我真的很不開心)”可知，作者雖然工作待遇不錯(cuò)，但是感到焦慮和擔(dān)心，覺得不開心。由此推知，作者覺得Dublin的工作壓力很大。故選A項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段劃線句子前“Idecidedtovolunteerwithalocalyouthgroupandwithinamonth,I’dgonecampingwiththem.Iabsolutelylovedit.(我決定在當(dāng)?shù)氐囊粋€(gè)青年團(tuán)體做志愿者，不到一個(gè)月，我就和他們一起去露營了。我非常喜歡它)”可知，作者很喜歡與年輕人戶外活動(dòng)，劃線句子的下文“ThiswaswhatI’dbeenmissing.(這就是我一直錯(cuò)過的)”可知，這是作者錯(cuò)過的，也就是指的上文中作者喜歡的戶外活動(dòng)，this指代的內(nèi)容是劃線句子。由此可知，劃線句子的意思為“他意識(shí)到自己真正喜歡的是什么”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Itwastheperfectfittocombinemypsychologybackgroundwithmypassionfortheoutdoors.Ibegantakingcoursesinwildtherapy,forestbathingandecopsychology.(將我的心理學(xué)背景與我對(duì)戶外活動(dòng)的熱情相結(jié)合是完美的選擇。我開始參加野外療法、森林浴和生態(tài)心理學(xué)課程)”可知，作者將他的心理學(xué)專業(yè)和自己對(duì)戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)的熱愛結(jié)合起來，并創(chuàng)辦了NatureTherapyIreland。故選D項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“InDublin,thefrontdoorfeltlikeabarrier—Ihadtohavemykeys,myphone,myjacketbeforeIcouldevengooutandfindagreenspace.Mylifenowisleadingnatureconnectionhikesandforestbathingwalks.MysalaryhashalvedforthemomentbutI’veadjusted.I’veneverlookedback.(在都柏林，前門感覺就像一道屏障——我必須拿到鑰匙、手機(jī)和夾克，然后才能出去找綠地。我現(xiàn)在的生活是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)自然聯(lián)系遠(yuǎn)足和森林浴散步。我的薪水暫時(shí)減半，但我已經(jīng)調(diào)整了。我從未回頭)”可知，作者覺得在Dublin自己的前門就是擋住自己與大自然接觸的障礙，而在Tipperary，作者完全與大自然融合，而且永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)回頭，結(jié)合作者自己對(duì)大自然的熱愛。由此推知，作者對(duì)現(xiàn)在生活很滿意。故選C項(xiàng)。CAnimalscanadaptquicklytosurviveunfavorableenvironmentalconditions.Evidenceismountingtoshowthatplantscan,too.ApaperpublishedinthejournalTrendsinPlantSciencedetailshowplantsarerapidlyadaptingtotheeffectsofclimatechange,andhowtheyarepassingdowntheseadaptationstotheiroffspring(后代).Plantsarefacingmoreenvironmentalstressesthanever.Forexample,climatechangeismakingwintersshorterinmanylocations,andplantsareresponding.“Manyplantsrequireaminimumperiodofcoldinordertosetuptheirenvironmentalclocktodefinetheirfloweringtime,”saysMartinelli,aplantgeneticistattheUniversityofFlorence.“Ascoldseasonsshorten,plantshaveadaptedtorequireshorterperiodsofcoldtodelayflowering.Thesemechanismsallowplantstoavoidfloweringinperiodswhentheyhavefeweropportunitiestoreproduce.”Becauseplantsdon’thaveneural(神經(jīng)的)networks,theirmemoryisbasedentirelyoncellular(細(xì)胞的),molecular(分子的),andbiochemicalnetworks.Thesenetworksmakeupwhattheresearcherscallsomaticmemory(體細(xì)胞記憶).“Itallowsplantstorecognizetheoccurrenceofapreviousenvironmentalconditionandtoreactaccordingly,”saysMartinelli.Thesesomaticmemoriescanthenbepassedtotheplants’offspringviaepigenetics(表現(xiàn)遺傳).“Severalexamplesdemonstratetheexistenceofmolecularmechanismsmodulatingplantmemorytoenvironmentalstressesandaffectingtheadaptationofoffspringtothesestresses,”saysMartinelli.Goingforward,Martinellihopestounderstandevenmoreaboutthegenesthatarebeingpasseddown.“WeareparticularlyinterestedindecodingtheepigeneticalphabetwithoutchangesinDNAsequence(序列),”hesays.“Thisisespeciallyimportantwhenweconsidertherapidclimatechange,weobservetodaythateverylivingorganism,includingplants,needstoquicklyadapttosurvive.”8.Whatadaptationshaveplantsmadetoshortenedcoldseasons?ATheyhaveshortenedtheirfloweringtime.B.Theyhavegotmorechancestoreproduce.C.Theyhaveavoidedfloweringincoldseasons.D.Theyhaveadjustedtheirenvironmentalclock.9.Whatcanwelearnaboutsomaticmemory?A.Itisentirelybasedonneuralnetworks.B.Itcanhelptheplants’offspringtosurvive.C.Itcanhelprelieveenvironmentalstresses.D.Itdisturbstheplants’biochemicalnetworks.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“modulating”meaninparagraph4?A.Adjusting. B.Treasuring.C.Recording. D.Sharing.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.PlantsaresmartaboutfloweringtimeB.PlantscanalsoadapttoclimatechangeC.EnvironmentalstresseschallengeplantsD.Mysteriesofplantgenesaretobeunfolded【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述的是植物像動(dòng)物一樣，可以迅速地適應(yīng)不利的條件，同時(shí)分析了植物能快速適應(yīng)不利條件，并將這些適應(yīng)傳遞給下一代的原因?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Forexample,climatechangeismakingwintersshorterinmanylocations,andplantsareresponding.“Manyplantsrequireaminimumperiodofcoldinordertosetuptheirenvironmentalclocktodefinetheirfloweringtime,”…(例如，氣候變化使許多地方的冬季縮短，植物正在做出反應(yīng)?！霸S多植物需要最短的寒冷時(shí)間，以便設(shè)置環(huán)境時(shí)鐘來定義它們的開花時(shí)間，”……)”可知，為了適應(yīng)縮短的寒冷季節(jié)，植物會(huì)設(shè)置環(huán)境時(shí)鐘來定義開花時(shí)間。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段首句“Thesesomaticmemoriescanthenbepassedtotheplants’offspringviaepigenetics(表現(xiàn)遺傳).(然后，這些體細(xì)胞記憶可以通過表觀遺傳學(xué)傳遞給植物的后代?！笨芍@些體細(xì)胞記憶通過表現(xiàn)遺傳學(xué)傳給下一代，由此可以判斷，體細(xì)胞記憶可以幫助下一代生存下來。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Ascoldseasonsshorten,plantshaveadaptedtorequireshorterperiodsofcoldtodelayflowering.Thesemechanismsallowplantstoavoidfloweringinperiodswhentheyhavefeweropportunitiestoreproduce.(隨著寒冷季節(jié)的縮短，植物已經(jīng)適應(yīng)了需要較短的寒冷時(shí)間來延遲開花。這些機(jī)制允許植物避免在繁殖機(jī)會(huì)較少的時(shí)期開花。)”可知，這些機(jī)制使植物能夠調(diào)整自己在繁殖機(jī)會(huì)少的時(shí)期避免開花，這是植物調(diào)整適應(yīng)環(huán)境變化的結(jié)果，劃線單詞所在的“Severalexamplesdemonstratetheexistenceofmolecularmechanismsmodulatingplantmemorytoenvironmentalstressesandaffectingtheadaptationofoffspringtothesestresses(幾個(gè)例子表明，存在調(diào)節(jié)植物記憶對(duì)環(huán)境脅迫并影響后代對(duì)這些脅迫的適應(yīng)的分子機(jī)制。)”談?wù)摰氖怯袔追N個(gè)例子表明存在這樣的“分子機(jī)制”調(diào)節(jié)植物記憶來適應(yīng)環(huán)境的變化，與第二段闡述的與“這些機(jī)制”允許植物調(diào)節(jié)花期適應(yīng)環(huán)境的內(nèi)容相當(dāng)，故該單詞意為“調(diào)節(jié)”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段中的“Animalscanadaptquicklytosurviveunfavorableenvironmentalconditions.Evidenceismountingtoshowthatplantscan,too.(動(dòng)物可以快速適應(yīng)，以在不利的環(huán)境條件下生存。越來越多的證據(jù)表明，植物也可以。)”并結(jié)合下文圍繞該話題舉例說明和分析植物能快速適應(yīng)不利條件的原因可知，本文主要是陳述植物和動(dòng)物一樣能快速適應(yīng)不利條件。故選B項(xiàng)。DThisyear,inMarch,IjumpedintoaheatedpoolinCaliforniatomeetadolphinnamedDelle.AsIapproachedher,Delleturnedtowardsmeandbecameplayful,greetingmebysplashingmewithherbeak.Delighted,Ireachedouttopathershinyskin.Itfeltrubbery,whichwasthemaingiveawaythatDellethedolphinwasarobot.Justasfake(假的)animalsarebecomingveryrealistic,it'sbecomingincreasinglylessacccptabletouseliveanimalsforentertainmentpurposes.DocumentarieslikeBlackfish(2013)andTheCove(2009)haveexposedsomeofthehorrifictreatmentandsufferingofoccanmammals.Theresultingpublicprotesthasmadeaquariums(水族館)controversial,attractinglessvisitors.Arguably，entertainingpeoplewithcaptive(圈養(yǎng)的)animalsisvitalforanimalconservation.Manyzoosandaquariumsactivelytrytopromoteconservationeffortsbyprovidingeducationalexperiencesandencouraginginterestinthenaturalworld.Thistypeofentertainmentisuseful,becauseitinspirespeopletocare.Atfirst,thisseemslikeareasontoavoidreplacingtheanimalswithtechnology.However,researchintherapid-developedfieldofhuman-robotinteractionisshowingastonishingresultsonengagementwithrobotsthatcanimitatelifelikebehaviour.Whenphysicallyinteractive,robotsattractalotofattention.Peopletendtotreatthemlikethey’realive,eventhoughtheyknowperfectlywellthey’rejustmachines.Ifwestarttoreplacetheanimalsinourthemeparkswithmachines,willthistrenddecreaseourwonderforthenaturalworld?Abunchofpeopleexpressednegativegutreactions(本能反應(yīng))afterIpostedvideooftherobotdolphinonTwitter.Andyet,Idon’tbelievethatusingthisrobotanimalswillcauseustoforgettheworthoflivingcreatures.12.WhydoestheauthormentionDelleinparagraph1?A.Toshareaspecialexperience.B.Topromoterubberydolphins.CTodrawattentiontorobotanimals.D.Todescribeadolphinpreformance.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutliveanimalsinzoos?A.Theyarecruellytreated.B.Theymakezoospopular.C.Theyarewellentertained.D.Theydeserveconservation.14.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Reasonsforreplacinganimalswithrobots.B.Benefitsofentertainingpeoplewithrobots.C.Researchresultsoninteractionwithrobots.D.Publicconcernsoverengagementwithrobots.15.What’stheauthor’sattitudetoreplacinganimalswithmachines?A.Favorable. B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了機(jī)器動(dòng)物的運(yùn)用以及社會(huì)對(duì)它的各種看法?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句“Delighted,Ireachedouttopathershinyskin.Itfeltrubbery,whichwasthemaingiveawaythatDellethedolphinwasarobot.（我很高興，伸手拍拍她發(fā)亮的皮膚。感覺像橡膠一樣，這是海豚黛勒是個(gè)機(jī)器人的主要證據(jù)。）”可推知，作者在第一段提到海豚黛勒是因?yàn)橄胍霰疚脑掝}，吸引讀者注意，讓大家關(guān)注到有機(jī)器動(dòng)物這個(gè)東西。故選C項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段一、二句“Justasfake(假的)animalsarebecomingveryrealistic,it'sbecomingincreasinglylessacccptabletouseliveanimalsforentertainmentpurposes.DocumentaricslikeBlackfish(2013)andTheCove(2009)haveexposedsomeofthehorrifictreatmentandsufferingofoccanmammals.（就像假動(dòng)物變得越來越逼真一樣，將活體動(dòng)物用于娛樂目的也越來越難以接受?！逗隰~》(2013)和《海灣》(2009)等紀(jì)錄片揭露了一些海洋哺乳動(dòng)物遭受的可怕待遇和痛苦。）”可知，動(dòng)物園里的活體動(dòng)物也是值得我們保護(hù)的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段第二句“However,researchintherapid-developedfieldofhuman-robotinteractionisshowingastonishingresultsonengagementwithrobotsthatcanimitatelifelikebehaviour.（然而，在快速發(fā)展的人機(jī)交互領(lǐng)域的研究顯示，與能夠模仿逼真行為的機(jī)器人互動(dòng)產(chǎn)生了驚人的結(jié)果。）”結(jié)合本段來看，本段主要是在介紹與機(jī)器人交互的研究成果。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后兩句“Abunchofpeopleexpressednegativegutreactions(本能反應(yīng))afterIpostedvideooftherobotdolphinonTwitter.Andyet,Idon’tbelievethatusingthisrobotanimalswillcauseustoforgettheworthoflivingcreatures.（我在推特上發(fā)布了機(jī)器海豚的視頻后，很多人都表達(dá)了負(fù)面的本能反應(yīng)。然而，我不相信使用這種機(jī)器動(dòng)物會(huì)讓我們忘記生物的價(jià)值。）”可推知，作者對(duì)于用機(jī)器人代替動(dòng)物是持贊成的態(tài)度的。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Manypeopleleadbusylivesandthinktheybarelyhavetimetoworkouteveryday.____16____Theyareshortworkoutsthatofteninvolvehigh-intensity(高強(qiáng)度的)exercises.Hereweexploresomereasonstodomicroworkouts.RequireLessofaTimeCommitmentCommittingtoexercisingforacertainamountoftimeperweekcanbedifficult,especiallywhenyoudonothavethetimeormotivationtoworkoutforanextendedperiod.Microworkoutsaregoodalternatives.Theytakeuponly10to30minutesofyourday.Manypeoplespendmuchlongerscrollingthroughsocialmediaeachday.____17____MakeSchedulingWorkoutsEasierItcanbechallengingtocommitthetimeneededtoexerciseeveryday,butitcanalsobehardtofitaworkoutintoatightschedule.However,astudysuggeststhatitmaybepossible.____18____Forexample,walkingyourdog,usingthestairs,parkingfartherawayfromadestination,orwalkingduringyourlunchbreakareallwaysyoucantry.NeedNoEquipmentInvestinginexpensivehomegymequipmentcanbearealburden.Whenyoudecidetodomicroworkouts,though,youdon’tneedabunchofequipment.____19____Forexample,youmaychoosetodostepsonyourstairs,runonthespot,orevendosomestarjumps.Sinceyoucanchoosewhattypeofworkoutyou’dprefertodo,itmeansthatyoucanexercisewheneveryouplease.____20____Nowthatyouknowallaboutmicroworkouts,youcanaddthemtoyourday.Getascreativeasyoupleaseandthinkaboutthetypesofmovementsthatsuityou.Youneverknow-itmightjustboostyourhealthandwellness.A.Readytogetmoving?B.Youjustfititintoyourroutine.C.Fitnessshouldbesimpleandconvenient.D.Soitshouldbearelativelyeasytimecommitment.E.Ifyoufeelthisway,youmaybeinterestedinmicroworkouts.F.Canmicroworkoutsgivethesamebenefitsaslongerworkoutsessions?G.Instead,youcanusethingsaroundyourhometoempoweryourworkout.【答案】16.E17.D18.B19.G20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了微鍛煉的一些相關(guān)知識(shí)。【16題詳解】上文“Manypeopleleadbusylivesandthinktheybarelyhavetimetoworkouteveryday.(許多人過著忙碌的生活，認(rèn)為自己每天幾乎沒有時(shí)間鍛煉。)”提到了沒時(shí)間鍛煉這一問題，下文“Theyareshortworkoutsthatofteninvolvehigh-intensity(高強(qiáng)度的)exercises.(它們是短時(shí)間的鍛煉，通常包括高強(qiáng)度的鍛煉。)”提到了短時(shí)間鍛煉，選項(xiàng)E中上半句Ifyoufeelthisway承接上文內(nèi)，下半句中microworkouts是關(guān)鍵詞，引起下文內(nèi)容，所以E選項(xiàng)“如果你有這種感覺，你可能會(huì)對(duì)微鍛煉感興趣?！背猩蠁⑾拢项}意。故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Microworkoutsaregoodalternatives.Theytakeuponly10to30minutesofyourday.Manypeoplespendmuchlongerscrollingthroughsocialmediaeachday.(微鍛煉是不錯(cuò)的選擇。它們只占用你每天10到30分鐘的時(shí)間。許多人每天花更長的時(shí)間瀏覽社交媒體。)”提到了微鍛煉的時(shí)間問題和瀏覽社交媒體的問題，選項(xiàng)D中easy是關(guān)鍵詞，與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，所以D選項(xiàng)“所以這應(yīng)該是一個(gè)相對(duì)容易的時(shí)間投入?！狈项}意。故選D項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】下文“Forexample,walkingyourdog,usingthestairs,parkingfartherawayfromadestination,orwalkingduringyourlunchbreakareallwaysyoucantry.(例如，遛狗，走樓梯，把車停在離目的地更遠(yuǎn)的地方，或者在午休時(shí)間散步，這些都是你可以嘗試的方法。)”提到了一些日常生活中的鍛煉，選項(xiàng)B中routine是關(guān)鍵詞，概括了下文內(nèi)容，所以B選項(xiàng)“你只是把它融入你的日常生活?！狈项}意。故選B項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】上文“Whenyoudecidetodomicroworkouts,though,youdon’tneedabunchofequipment.(不過，當(dāng)你決定固定健身時(shí)，你不需要一堆設(shè)備)”提到了健身時(shí)不需要一堆設(shè)備，選項(xiàng)G中Instead是關(guān)鍵詞，與上文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系，所以G選項(xiàng)“相反，你可以利用家里的東西來鍛煉?！蹦艹薪由衔?，符合題意。故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】下文“Nowthatyouknowallaboutmicroworkouts,youcanaddthemtoyourday.Getascreativeasyoupleaseandthinkaboutthetypesofmovementsthatsuityou.(現(xiàn)在你知道了所有關(guān)于微鍛煉的知識(shí)，你可以把它們添加到你的日常生活中。盡情發(fā)揮你的創(chuàng)造力，思考適合你的動(dòng)作類型。)”提到了準(zhǔn)備開始你的行動(dòng)，所以A選項(xiàng)“準(zhǔn)備好行動(dòng)了嗎？”能概括下文內(nèi)容，符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Mynine-year-olddaughter,Vivien,isalittleprincess.Under____21____circumstances,shecan’tevenpourherselfaglassofmilk.SowhenIcamehome____22____withfever,myfirstthoughtwas,“HowwouldVivienreact?”At3:30P.M.,I____23____myselfoutofbedanddrovetopickherup.Onthewayhome,Isaid,“Sweetheart,Mommy’sreallysick.Canyoufixyourownmealtonight?”“That’sokay,”shereplied____24____.Whenwearrivedhome,I____25____backtobed.Everynowandthen,Iwouldwakefromafeverishsleeptofindalittleangel____26____overmewithsomegoodwilloffering.Acoolwashclothtowipemyhotbrow.AbelltoringifI____27____anything.Apictureshehaddrawnto____28____meup.Throughouttheevening,Vivienissuedperiodicreportsonherprogresswiththeevening____29____.“Ijustmademyselfasalad.”O(jiān)r,“I’mrunningmybathnow.”Ismiledtomyselfunderthe_____30_____.Thenatbedtime,Vivien_____31_____alittlebookshemade,entitled“ILOVEYOUMOMMY.”Thefirstpage_____32_____,“ThankyouforallyoudidformeMOMMY.”Ifeltawaveofgratitudeforthe_____33_____thathadgivenmylittleprincesstheopportunityto_____34_____-andmetheopportunityto_____35_____-whatanangelshetrulywas21.A.extreme B.special C.certain D.normal22.A.complaining B.trembling C.wondering D.crying23.A.urged B.advised C.dragged D.threw24.A.happily B.hurriedly C.confidently D.guiltily25.A.dashed B.fell C.marched D.rolled26.A.bending B.coming C.going D.taking27.A.said B.forgot C.dreamed D.wanted28.A.cover B.cheer C.call D.wake29.A.program B.news C.weather D.routine30.A.blankets B.stairs C.roof D.sofa31.A.published B.wrote C.showed D.bought32.A.read B.wrote C.covered D.printed33.A.accident B.night C.report D.illness34.A.demonstrate B.perform C.practice D.function35.A.relax B.escape C.appreciate D.imagine【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.C25.B26.A27.D28.B29.D30.A31.C32.A33.D34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文字主要講述了一次生病的經(jīng)歷，讓我看到了我九歲女兒維維安的表現(xiàn)，她無微不至的照顧，讓我真正感受到了她是一個(gè)天使寶寶，改變了我對(duì)她的認(rèn)識(shí)。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在正常情況下，她甚至不能給自己倒一杯牛奶。A.extreme極度的；B.special特別的；C.certain確定的；D.normal正常的。根據(jù)上文“alittleprincess”和下文“shecan’tevenpourherselfaglassofmilk.”可知，我的女兒平時(shí)像公主一樣，所以正常（normal）情況下，她甚至不會(huì)自己倒杯牛奶。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：所以當(dāng)我發(fā)燒顫抖地回到家時(shí)，我的第一個(gè)想法是：“維維安會(huì)有什么反應(yīng)？”A.complaining抱怨；B.trembling顫抖；C.wondering想知道；D.crying哭喊。根據(jù)空后“withfever”可知，我發(fā)燒到渾身顫抖（trembling）。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：下午3點(diǎn)半，我從床上爬起來，開車去接她。A.urged敦促，催促；B.advised建議；C.dragged拖，拽，費(fèi)勁地移動(dòng)，硬撐著前行；D.threw扔。根據(jù)空后“myselfoutofbedanddrovetopickherup”可知，我發(fā)燒很嚴(yán)重，還要去接女兒，所以這里是指從床上掙扎著起身（dragged）。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“沒關(guān)系，”她自信地回答。A.happily快樂地；B.hurriedly匆忙地，倉促地；C.confidently自信地；D.guiltily愧疚地。根據(jù)空前“That’sokay”可知，女兒非常自信地（confidently）回答。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們到家時(shí)，我倒在床上。A.dashed急沖；B.fell倒；C.marched齊步走，行軍；D.rolled翻滾，滾動(dòng)。根據(jù)下文“Iwouldwakefromafeverishsleep”可知，我一回家，就倒在（fell）床上，睡了起來。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不時(shí)地，我從發(fā)燒的睡夢(mèng)中醒來，發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)小天使俯身向我獻(xiàn)上善意的禮物。A.bending彎腰；B.coming來；C.going去；D.taking拿走。根據(jù)下文“Acoolwashclothtowipemyhotbrow.”可知，女兒用一塊涼爽的毛巾為我擦拭炎熱的額頭，所以這里是指她彎下（bending）身子。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我想要什么，就按鈴。A.said說；B.forgot忘記；C.dreamed夢(mèng)想；D.wanted想要。根據(jù)空前“Abelltoring”可知，此處是指，我有什么想要（wanted）的，就可以按鈴叫她過來。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她為了讓我高興而畫的一幅畫。A.cover覆蓋；B.cheer鼓舞；C.call呼叫；D.wake喚醒。根據(jù)上文“Apictureshehaddrawn”可知，女兒畫畫是為了鼓勵(lì)我，讓我高興，此處cheerup為動(dòng)詞短語搭配，表示“使高興，使興奮”，符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：整個(gè)晚上，維維安定期報(bào)告她晚上的日?；顒?dòng)的進(jìn)展。A.program項(xiàng)目；B.news新聞；C.weather天氣；D.routine日?；顒?dòng)。根據(jù)下文““Ijustmademyselfasalad.”O(jiān)r,“I’mrunningmybathnow.””可知，維維安在跟媽媽時(shí)刻報(bào)告她的日?；顒?dòng)（routine）。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我在毯子下面暗自發(fā)笑。A.blankets毯子；B.stairs樓梯；C.roof屋頂；D.sofa沙發(fā)。根據(jù)上文“Whenwearrivedhome,I____5____backtobed.”可知，由于發(fā)燒，我在床上睡覺，所以此處指的是我躲在毯子（blankets）底下暗自發(fā)笑，符合邏輯。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后在睡覺的時(shí)候，維維安展示了一本她做的小書，書名是《我愛你，媽媽》。A.published出版；B.wrote寫；C.showed展示；D.bought買。根據(jù)空后“alittlebookshemade”可知，維維安向我展示（showed）著一本她做的小書。故選C項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第一頁寫著：“媽媽，謝謝你為我所做的一切?！盇.read寫著；B.wrote寫；C.covered覆蓋；D.printed印刷。根據(jù)下文“ThankyouforallyoudidformeMOMMY.”可知，這是書上寫的內(nèi)容，所以空處是指第一頁上邊寫著（read）。故選A項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我心中涌起了一股感激之情，因?yàn)榧膊〗o了我的小公主展示的機(jī)會(huì)，也給了我欣賞的機(jī)會(huì)，她是一個(gè)真正的天使。A.accident意外；B.night夜晚；C.report報(bào)道；D.illness疾病。根據(jù)上文“Ifeltawaveofgratitudefor”下文“thathadgivenmylittleprincesstheopportunity”可知，我感激的是這次生?。╥llness）給我機(jī)會(huì)看到我女兒不一樣的表現(xiàn)。故選D項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我心中涌起了一股感激之情，因?yàn)榧膊〗o了我的小公主展示的機(jī)會(huì)，也給了我欣賞的機(jī)會(huì)，她是一個(gè)真正的天使。A.demonstrate展示；B.perform表演；C.practice練習(xí)；D.function發(fā)揮功能。根據(jù)上文“thathadgivenmylittleprincesstheopportunityto”結(jié)合前文可知，我生病期間，女兒對(duì)我貼心照顧，所以這里是指，我生病給了女兒展示（demonstrate）自己的機(jī)會(huì)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我心中涌起了一股感激之情，因?yàn)榧膊〗o了我的小公主展示的機(jī)會(huì)，也給了我欣賞的機(jī)會(huì)，她是一個(gè)真正的天使。A.relax放松；B.escape逃跑；C.appreciate欣賞；D.imagine想象。根據(jù)下文“whatanangelshetrulywas.”可知，此處指的是，這次疾病同時(shí)也給了我欣賞（appreciate）女兒的機(jī)會(huì)，認(rèn)識(shí)到了她是一位真正的天使。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Consistingofabambo