新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程3課文翻譯和課后習(xí)題答案 unit 8

Text22021/6/27TextChineseorWestern,it’satimetorelax

1

It'sthattimeoftheyearwhentheworldseemstobecaughtinatrance–thetranceofend-of-yearcelebrations.End-of-year,Isaid.2

Theproblemseemstobeexactlythat.WhyshouldweinChinarefertotheweekbetweenDecember24and31astheendoftheyearwhenours(accordingtothelunarcalendar)isatleastamonthaway?32021/6/27Text

3

WedosoapparentlybecauseChristmasandNewYearhavebecomeglobalfestivals,notbecausethey(especiallyChristmas)areessentiallyWesterninnatureandspirit,butbecausewecanrelaxduringthosefewdays.4

Nevertheless,somescholarsandstudentshaveexpressedconcernovertheincreasinginfluenceofChristmasonoriental,particularlyChinese,culture.Theirfearsmaybejustifiedtoacertainextent.Infact,weChinesedoseemtoattachalotmoretimeandattentiontoChristmastodaythanwedidevenacoupleofdecadesago.42021/6/27Text

5

Forgoodorbad,theworldhaspossiblyundergonemorechangesinthepasttwodecadesthanitdidinthepasttwocenturies.Wehaveusedmoreresources,burntmorefuel,causedmorepollutionandkilledoffmoreanimalsandplantsaswehavecomeclosertoeachothertoformatrulyglobalvillage.Television,wethought,wasthelastunitingfactortillwegotafeelfortheInternet.52021/6/27Text

6

Allthesechangeshavemadeustakeadifferentlookattheworldbeyondandourhomewithin.Nothingcomeswithoutariderinthisglobalmarket.IfwewanttobepartofthedazzleandcomfortthattheWestisknownfor,wehadbetteracceptsomeofitsanomalies,too.ThisisnottosaythatfestivalsmeansomethingelsetotheWest.62021/6/27Text

7

BeitonthemainlandorinthehighlydevelopedWestorinthepoorestofsocieties,afestivalcarriesthesamemeaning.Peopleacrosstheworldcelebratethemwiththeirfamilyandfriends.Thebasicconceptisthesametoo,sharingafeastorahumblemeal(withafewdrinksinsomesocietieslikeoursandtheWest).72021/6/27Text

8

Wecelebrateanoccasiontoventourfeelings,torelaxandenjoyabreakfromtheeverydayskulduggerythatlifeinthesetimeshasbecome.It'sapparentlynodifferentfromthebreakourancestorsenjoyedfromthemundaneaffairsoftheirdailylives.82021/6/27Text

9

MostoftheworldfollowstheGregoriancalendar,includingus,intheirday-to-daylives.Sothefestivalsandspecialeventsinthatcalendarareboundtoinfluenceus.Thatwe,likemanySouth,SoutheastAsian,MiddleEastandperhapssomeindigenousAmericanpeople,followthelunarcalendarforourfestivalsisadifferentmatteraltogether.92021/6/27Text

10WecannotaffordtobeleftuntouchedbythefestivespiritoftheWest,whichdoesn'tmeanwefollowtheWestblindly.Noteverythingabouttheirculturemaybegood,butdecadenceisnotthesolepreserveoftheWest.NocultureintheworldisfreeofdecadenceandthatincludesChineseculture.102021/6/27Text

11SotheproblemisnotWesternculture,orwhatwegenerallyassociatewithit.TheproblemisthosewhoareblindedbyeverythingWestern.WehavetofindoutwhymoreandmoreChinese,especiallytheyoungsters,feelatonewithWesternfestivalsasmuchastheydowiththeChineseones.Butthankfullyourfestivalshavelostnoneoftheircharm.Andhereiswherethealarmbellssoundedbyscholarsandstudentscomein.112021/6/27Text

12Icanunderstandthezealofthesepeople.Theywanttoconserveourculture,andthatdefinitelydoesn'tmakethemwhatwegenerallyrefertoasconservatives.Theyhaveapoint.Butthey,orforthatmatteranybodyelse,cannotsaveanysocietyfromtheinfluenceofaworldgettingsmallerbytheday.122021/6/27Text

13SoinsteadoftryingtoshutoureyesandearstoWesternfestivals,weshouldacceptthegoodnesstheyofferandpractisewhattheystandfor.Andlet'snotforgetthatJesuswasnotbornintheWestbuttheEast(theMiddleEast,tobeprecise),andhepreachedloveformankindandhelpforthepoor.132021/6/27Text不管是中國(guó)的節(jié)日還是西方的節(jié)日，節(jié)日是我們放松的時(shí)候

1

每年的這個(gè)時(shí)候，整個(gè)世界仿佛都陷入了一種迷狂——人們狂熱地進(jìn)行著歲末的慶?；顒?dòng)。我說的是歲末。

2

問題就出在這兒。為什么我們中國(guó)人要把12月24日到31

日這一周作為歲末來慶祝，而我們自己的歲末（按照陰歷）

至少還有一個(gè)月才到呢？142021/6/27Text

3

我們這么做，顯然是因?yàn)槭フQ節(jié)和元旦已經(jīng)成了全球性

的節(jié)日，并不是因?yàn)樗鼈儯ㄓ绕涫鞘フQ節(jié)）在本質(zhì)上和精神

上主要代表了西方文化，而是因?yàn)樵谶@幾天里我們能好好放

松一下。

4

但是，圣誕節(jié)對(duì)于東方文化，尤其是中國(guó)文化的影響與日俱增，對(duì)此，一些學(xué)者和學(xué)生們表示擔(dān)憂。從某種程度上講，他們的憂慮是有道理的。的確，與幾十年前相比，現(xiàn)在中國(guó)人花在圣誕節(jié)上的時(shí)間和精力似乎要多很多。152021/6/27Text5

不管是好是壞，世界在過去二十多年間所經(jīng)歷的變化可

能比過去兩百年間所經(jīng)歷的還要多。為了讓彼此間聯(lián)系得更

緊密，營(yíng)造出一個(gè)真正的地球村，我們消耗了更多的資源，

燒掉了更多的能源，造成了更多的污染，滅殺了更多的動(dòng)植

物。過去，我們一直把電視看作是連接全世界的終極手段，

直到我們了解了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，才發(fā)現(xiàn)事實(shí)并非如此。162021/6/27Text

6

所有這些變化都讓我們用另外一種眼光來看待外面的世界以及我們自己的家園。在這個(gè)全球市場(chǎng)中，得到任何東西都是要付出代價(jià)的。如果我們想擁有西方世界那著名的眩目而舒適的生活，我們也必須接受西方文化中的一些異常事物。當(dāng)然，這并不是說節(jié)日對(duì)于西方人來說有著不同的意義。172021/6/27Text

7

不管是在中國(guó)大陸，還是在高度發(fā)達(dá)的西方國(guó)家，抑或是世界上最貧窮的社會(huì)，節(jié)日承載著相同的意義。世界各地的人們和家人、朋友一起慶祝節(jié)日。節(jié)日的基本概念是一樣的，就是大家分享一頓盛宴或是一餐便飯（在西方或是我們的國(guó)家里，人們會(huì)小酌幾杯）。182021/6/27Text

8

我們慶祝節(jié)日，是為了釋放情感，放松身心，是為了從現(xiàn)代生活的爾虞我詐中擺脫出來，得到片刻的安寧。顯然，這和我們的祖先從日常俗事中尋求解脫是一回事兒。192021/6/27Text

9

世界上多數(shù)國(guó)家在日常生活中采用格列高利歷，中國(guó)也是如此。所以這個(gè)歷法中的節(jié)日和特殊事件注定會(huì)影響到我們。而我們，和許多南亞、東南亞、中東，或許還有一些美國(guó)土著居民一樣，根據(jù)陰歷來過節(jié)，而這又完全是另外一回事兒了。202021/6/27Text10

對(duì)于西方的節(jié)日氣氛無動(dòng)于衷，這我們做不到，但這也并不意味著我們要盲目跟風(fēng)。西方文化不全都是好的，但同時(shí)，頹廢的東西也不是西方文化所獨(dú)有的。世界上沒有一種文化能免于頹廢，中國(guó)文化也不例外。212021/6/27Text11

所以，問題并不在于西方文化，也不在于那些我們通常和西方文化聯(lián)系在一起的東西。問題出在那些唯西方馬首是瞻的人身上。為什么越來越多的中國(guó)人，尤其是中國(guó)的年輕人，對(duì)于西方節(jié)日和中國(guó)節(jié)日一樣怡然自得，我們應(yīng)該找出其中的原因。好在我們自己的節(jié)日并沒有失去它們的風(fēng)采。而正是在這一刻，我們的學(xué)者和學(xué)生們敲響了警鐘。222021/6/27Text

12

我能夠理解這些人的熱情。他們想保護(hù)我們的文化，就這點(diǎn)而言，他們絕對(duì)不是我們通常所說的保守派。他們的觀點(diǎn)有一定的道理。但是在這件事情上，他們和其他人一樣，無法使任何社會(huì)免受日益變小的世界的影響。232021/6/27Text

13

所以，我們不應(yīng)該對(duì)西方的節(jié)日視而不見、充耳不聞，相反，我們應(yīng)該取其精華，去實(shí)踐這些節(jié)日所倡導(dǎo)的德行。我們不要忘了，耶穌誕生于東方（確切地說，是中東），而不是在西方，我們也應(yīng)該記住他要我們熱愛全人類，扶貧助弱。242021/6/27Words&Phrasestrancelunarcalendaressentiallyorientaljustifyundergofestiveuntouchedindigenousmundaneskulduggeryventhumblepreachgoodnessconservezealcharmrideranomalyfeastyoungsterdecadenceblindly252021/6/27Words&Phrasesforgoodorbadatonewithshutone’seyesandearsto262021/6/27Words&PhrasesGregoriancalendar格列高利歷；公歷；陽(yáng)歷Jesus耶穌272021/6/27trance

n.

[C]

(ususing)astatecausedbyhypnosisinwhichsomeonecanmoveandspeakbutisnotconsciousinanormalway催眠狀態(tài)putsomeonein/intoatrancebeinatrance

e.g.1.

Thepsychiatristputherintoadeephypnotictrance.

那位精神科醫(yī)生使她進(jìn)入了深度催眠狀態(tài)。2.Theoldmanwasinatrance,thinkingofhispastlife.

這位老人回想著自己過去的生活，神情恍惚。Words&Phrases282021/6/27lunar

a.

relatingtothemoon月亮的；陰歷的e.g.1.

TheSpringFestivalisthelunarNewYear.春節(jié)即陰/農(nóng)歷新年。2.Onthemoon,thelunarexplorersranaconsiderableriskofbeinghit.

在月球上，登月探險(xiǎn)者們冒著被撞擊的極大危險(xiǎn)。Cf.solar

n.

relatingtothesun,orcomingfromthesun

太陽(yáng)的，和太陽(yáng)有關(guān)的；公/陽(yáng)歷的e.g.solarsystemWords&Phrases太陽(yáng)系292021/6/27calendar

n.

asystemformeasuringthelengthofayearanddividingitintoperiodssuchasweeksandmonths日歷；歷書e.g.1.lunarcalendar

陰歷2.solarcalendar

陽(yáng)歷3.Ourcalendarisopen;wehavenothingonforthisweekend.我們?nèi)粘瘫硎强盏?；這個(gè)周末我們沒有什么計(jì)劃。Words&Phrases302021/6/27essentially

ad.

usedforemphasizingwhatisthemostimportantaspectofsth.orfactaboutsth.本質(zhì)上；根本上e.g.

1.Sheisanessentiallyselfishperson.她本質(zhì)上是個(gè)自私自利的人。2.Essentially,theyareamateurs.他們本質(zhì)上是業(yè)余愛好者。Words&Phrases312021/6/27oriental

a.

fromorconnectedwitheasternAsia,especiallyChinaandJapan東方的；東亞的（尤指中國(guó)和日本）TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:1.他專門研究東方史。

Hespecializesinorientalhistory.2.北京是一座具有悠久歷史和燦爛文化的東方名城。

Beijingisafamousorientalcitywithprofoundhistoryandsplendidculture.Cf:

occidental

Words&Phrases322021/6/27justify

vt.

showthatthereisagoodreasonforsomething,especiallysomethingthatotherpeoplethinkiswrong證明……正當(dāng)；為……辯護(hù)；辨明e.g.1.Nothingcanjustifyyourcheatingonanexam.

任何事情都不能成為你考試作弊的理由。2.Howcanyoujustifyyourrudebehaviour?你如何解釋你的粗魯行為呢?Wordfamily:justificationn.Words&Phrases332021/6/27undergo

vt.

(underwent,undergone)1)experienceaprocessofchange經(jīng)歷（變化的過程）e.g.Thebridgehasundergoneaseriesofmodificationsandwillbere-openedintwoweeks.

經(jīng)過了一系列的改造，這座橋?qū)⒂趦尚瞧诤笾匦麻_通。2)

experiencesomething,especiallysomethingthatisunpleasantbutnecessary經(jīng)受；承受（尤指不愉快但又必須承受的事情）e.g.The

problem-free

person

often

cannotundergothe

setback.一帆風(fēng)順的人，往往經(jīng)受不住挫折。

Words&Phrases342021/6/27rider

n.

1)anadditiontoanofficialdocumentornewlaw附加文件；附加條款e.g.Weshouldliketoaddaridertothepreviousremarks.我們想在原有的意見后面再加上一條。2)someonewhoridesonananimalsuchasahorse,oronavehiclesuchasabicycleormotorcycle騎馬的人；騎自行車的人e.g.Heisagentlehorsethatnevercasthisrider.

馴良的馬絕不會(huì)把騎手甩倒。Words&Phrases352021/6/27anomaly

n.

(fml)sth.unusual,unexpected,ordifferentfromwhatnormallyhappens異?，F(xiàn)象；反常事物e.g.

1.Abirdthatcannotflyisananomaly.鳥不能飛是異?，F(xiàn)象。2.Inthosedaysawomanprofessorwasstillananomaly.當(dāng)時(shí)，女教授仍然是一種反常現(xiàn)象。3.Canyouexplaintheapparentanomalythatthosewhoproducedthewealthwerethepoorest.你能解釋制造財(cái)富者是最貧窮的明顯不正?，F(xiàn)象嗎？Words&Phrases362021/6/27feast

n.

alargemealforalotofpeople,usuallyinordertocelebratesth.（通常為慶祝某事而舉行的）盛會(huì)，筵席e.g.1.

Villagersusedtoholdagreatfeastatharvesttime.村民過去常常在收獲季節(jié)舉辦盛大的宴會(huì)。2.Knowledgeisafeastforthemind.知識(shí)是心靈的盛宴。3.Theyhadamidnightfeastintheirtent.他們?cè)趲づ窭锱e行了一次午夜宴會(huì)。Words&Phrases372021/6/27humble

a.

1)simpleandwithonlybasicequipmentorfeatures

低劣的；簡(jiǎn)陋的2)notproudandnotthinkingthatyouarebetterthanotherpeople謙遜的；謙虛的3)fromalowsocialclass卑微的；低下的Words&Phrases382021/6/27Figureoutthemeaningsof“humble”inthefollowingsentences.Matchitsusagewiththemeaning1低劣的；簡(jiǎn)陋的2謙虛的or3卑微的.

ThentranslatethesentencesintoChinese:1.

Heflewhighthoughhewasofhumbleorigin.()他雖出生低微,卻胸懷大志。2.Toohumbleishalfproud.()

過分謙虛差不多就是驕傲。3.Shemerelyeatsahumblemealoutsidewhensheistoobusy.()當(dāng)她忙得不可開交時(shí)，也只僅僅在外面吃一頓便餐。Words&Phrases213392021/6/27vent

vt.

expressyourfeelingsofangerverystrongly發(fā)泄（憤怒）e.g.

1.Thereisnoneedtoventyourangeronme.

你沒有必要拿我來出氣。2.Childrengiveventtotheirangerinvariousways.小孩用各種方式表達(dá)憤怒。3.Hegaveventtohisangerbykickingthechair.

他猛踢椅子，以此泄怒。Words&Phrases402021/6/27skulduggery

n.

[U]

secretactivitiesthatareintendedtotrickorcheatpeople詭計(jì)；欺騙；詐騙e.g.1.Statisticsskulduggeryhasvariousreasonssuchasthestatisticssystem,statisticsmechanism,statisticslaw,statisticsmethodandsoon.

統(tǒng)計(jì)作假有統(tǒng)計(jì)制度、統(tǒng)計(jì)機(jī)制、統(tǒng)計(jì)法律、統(tǒng)計(jì)方法等多方面的原因。

2.Heisworkinginafirmthatinvestigatescommercialskulduggery.他在一家調(diào)查商業(yè)詐騙的公司任職。Words&Phrases412021/6/27mundane

a.

ordinaryandnotinterestingorexciting,especiallybecauseofhappeningtooregularly普通的；平凡的；平淡無奇的e.g.1.

EventhemostmundanethingscanbecomeobjectsofbeautyinFrencheyes.即使是最平凡的事物，在法國(guó)人的眼中也是美麗的。2.Agraspofmundaneaffairsisgenuineknowledge,understandingofworldlywisdomistruelearning.

掌握平凡的事物是真正的學(xué)問，明白世俗的智慧是真正的本事。（世事洞明皆學(xué)問,人情練達(dá)即文章。）Words&Phrases422021/6/27indigenous

a.

1)indigenouspeoplelivedinaplaceforaverylongtimebeforeotherpeoplecametolivethere（人）本地的，當(dāng)?shù)氐膃.g.IndiansweretheindigenousinhabitantsofAmerica.印第安人是美洲的土著居民。2)indigenousplantsandanimalsbelongtoaregionbecausetheydevelopedthere（動(dòng)植物）原產(chǎn)的，土生土長(zhǎng)的e.g.KangaroosareindigenoustoAustralia.

袋鼠為澳大利亞本地的動(dòng)物。Words&Phrases432021/6/27untouched

a.

notaffected,changed,ordamagedinanyway未受影響的；未被改變的；原樣的

e.g.

1.Themiserwasuntouchedbythepoorman'sstory.那個(gè)吝嗇鬼對(duì)那窮人的敘述無動(dòng)于衷。2.Themanagerleftthewelfareofthestaffuntouchedinhisreport.

經(jīng)理在報(bào)告中沒有提及過職工的福利問題。3.Praguewasrelativelyuntouchedbythewar.布拉格相對(duì)說來受戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)影響不大。Wordfamily:touchv.Words&Phrases442021/6/27festive

a.

brightandcolourfulinawaythatmakesyouthinkofacelebration節(jié)日的；節(jié)日般的e.g.

1.Theyliketogotheretosoakinthefestiveatmosphere.

他們喜歡到那兒感染節(jié)日氣氛。2.ItwasChristmasandeveryonewasinfestivemood.當(dāng)時(shí)是圣誕節(jié)，每個(gè)人都沉浸在節(jié)日的歡樂中。Words&Phrases452021/6/27Wordfamily:festival

n.

adayorperiodwhenthereisapublicholiday,oftentocelebrateareligiousevent節(jié)日TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:中國(guó)四個(gè)重要的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日是：春節(jié)、清明節(jié)、端午節(jié)和中秋節(jié)。ThefourimportanttraditionalfestivalsinChinaaretheSpringFestival,

TombSweepingDay,theDragon-boatFestivalandtheMid-autumnFestival.

Words&Phrases462021/6/27blindly

ad.

1)ifyouobeyorsupportsomeoneblindly,youdoitwithoutthinkingforyourselfwhetherwhatyouaredoingisright盲目地；未加思考地e.g.Insteadofgivingintoherchildblindly,agoodmothermanagestomakeherchildclearaboutrightandwrong.

一個(gè)好母親不是一味地遷就自己的孩子，而是設(shè)法讓孩子明白是非曲直。

Words&Phrases472021/6/272)withoutnoticingwhatisaroundyou,forexamplebecauseyouareexcitedorupset胡亂地；不注意周圍地

e.g.

Lovelooksnotwiththeeyes,butwiththemind,andthereforewingedCupidfireshisarrowblindly.愛情不是用眼睛，而是用心靈來看的，所以長(zhǎng)翅膀的愛神丘比特胡亂地射出他的箭。Wordfamily:blinda.Words&Phrases482021/6/27decadence

n.

[U]

behaviourthatisconsideredimmoralbecauseitconcentratestoomuchonpleasure墮落；頹廢e.g.

1.Thatcityseemstobethehothouseofdecadence.

該城市似乎是墮落的溫床。

2.Thedecadenceofmoralsisbadforanation.

道德的滑坡對(duì)國(guó)家是不利的。3.Thejuvenilenatureofhisdecadencerevealsitself.他那種幼稚性質(zhì)的頹廢表現(xiàn)了出來。Words&Phrases492021/6/27youngster

n.

achild,orayoungperson兒童；年輕人e.g.1.

Theyoungsterresentedbeingtreatedasacoward.那位年輕人對(duì)于別人把他看做是懦夫感到很憤慨。2.Theseyoungstersherehavenotevenlearnhowtopeelapotato.

這里的這些年輕人，連給土豆削皮都不會(huì)（最簡(jiǎn)單的事情都不會(huì)做）。

Words&Phrases502021/6/27charm1)

n.

[U]

apersonalqualitythatattractspeopletoyouandmakesthemlikeyou魅力；魔力e.g.1.Heisamanofpersonalcharmandgreatcultivation.

他既有個(gè)人魅力又極有教養(yǎng)。

2.Thisdoesnotruleoutpeoplewhoareplain-looking,orevenugly,becausemanysuchpeoplehavegreatpersonalcharm.(CET4-2003-06)

這并不排除那些相貌平平，甚至丑陋的人，因?yàn)橥S多那樣的人是極具個(gè)人魅力的。Words&Phrases512021/6/272)

v.

givesomeonepleasureorenjoyment使高興；使陶醉；吸引e.g.astorythathascharmedgenerationsofchildren

一個(gè)吸引了一代又一代兒童的故事Wordfamily:charming

a.

veryattractiveandpleasant迷人的，有魅力的，有吸引力的e.g.MayandOctoberarecharmingmonthstosailontheMediterraneanSea.

5月和10月是乘船游覽地中海的好時(shí)光。Words&Phrases522021/6/27zeal

n.

[U]

(fml)greatenergy,effort,andenthusiasm

熱忱；熱心；熱情e.g.

1.Heshowsgreatzealforknowledge.

他表現(xiàn)出強(qiáng)烈的求知熱情。2.Shehadatruezealforjournalism.她對(duì)新聞工作懷有真正的熱情。3.Zealwithoutknowledgeisarunawayhorse.無知的狂熱猶如脫韁的野馬。Words&Phrases532021/6/27conserve

vt.

1)preventland,water,orothernaturalresourcesfrombeingdamagedordestroyed保護(hù)（水、土等自然資源）2)useverylittleofsomethingsuchaselectricityorwatersothatitisnotwasted節(jié)約使用（電或水）

Figureoutthemeaningsof“conserve”inthefollowingsentences.Matchitsusagewiththemeaning1or2.ThentranslatethesentencesintoChinese:Words&Phrases542021/6/271.

保護(hù)（水、土等自然資源）2.

節(jié)約使用（電或水）1.Officialsareurgingpeopletoconserveelectricalpowerandstayindoors.()官員要求民眾節(jié)約用電，并呆在室內(nèi)。2.Newlawstoconservewildlifeintheareahavebeenpublished.()為保護(hù)該地區(qū)野生動(dòng)物而頒布了新法律。3.Onlyinthe20thcenturyhavepeoplebecomeconsciousofthefragilityofnatureandthusstartedtoconserveresources.()直到20世紀(jì)人們才意識(shí)到大自然的脆弱，因而開始保護(hù)自然資源。Words&Phrases121552021/6/27goodness

n.

[U]

thequalityofbeingmorallygood美德；善良；仁慈e.g.1.Whatistruth,goodness,beauty?

什么是真、善、美？2.Beautywillfade,butnotgoodness.

美貌會(huì)凋謝，但美德不會(huì)。

3.Inspiteofthebadthingshe'sdoneIstillbelieveinhisessentialgoodness.盡管他做了壞事，我仍然相信他本性是善良的。Words&Phrases562021/6/27preach

v.

1)talkaboutareligioussubjectatareligiousmeeting,especiallyinchurch（尤指在教堂里）布道；講道e.g.MissionariesgoaroundtheworldtopreachtheWord.傳教士走遍世界各地宣揚(yáng)福音。

Words&Phrases572021/6/272)expressastrongopinionandtrytopersuadeother

peopletoacceptit

灌輸；極力勸導(dǎo)e.g.1.Practisewhatyoupreach.

躬行己說，身體力行。

2.Itisnottheauthor'sbusinesstopreach,buttogivea

real,historicalpictureoflife.作者的責(zé)任不在于說教，而在于展現(xiàn)一幅真實(shí)的具有歷史意義的生活畫面。

Words&Phrases582021/6/27forgoodorbad:不管怎樣；不論好歹

e.g.1.Forgoodorbad,heisyourboss.

不管怎樣，他是你的老板。2.Forgoodorbad,thefactisthatanincreasingnumberofparentsaroundusaresendingtheirkidstovariousartclasses.

不論好歹，事實(shí)是我們周圍越來越多的家長(zhǎng)送孩子參加各種藝術(shù)班。Words&Phrases592021/6/27atonewith1)happyandrelaxedinyourenvironment在……中怡然自得e.g.Youshouldbeatonewithyourclassmatesatschool.

在學(xué)校里，你要和同學(xué)們和睦相處。2)inagreementwithsomeone與……一致e.g.

1.We,theOpposition,areatonewiththegovernmentonthisissue.

我們反對(duì)黨在這個(gè)問題上與政府的意見是一致的。2.IfyouvoteforMr.Bush,youhavetobeatonewith(himon)hiswarpolicy.

假如你投布什先生的票，你就是贊同他的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)政策。Words&Phrases602021/6/27shutone’seyesandearsto:refusetoseeorhearorthinkabout

拒不理會(huì)；拒不聽某事TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:1.某些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)對(duì)這些事實(shí)不聞不問。

Someleadersshuttheireyesandearstothefacts.

2.我們不能再對(duì)這些孩子的遭遇充耳不聞了。

Wecannolongershutoureyesandearstowhat’s

happeningtothesechildren.

Words&Phrases612021/6/27Gregoriancalendar

格列高利歷；公歷；陽(yáng)歷TheGregoriancalendar,orsolarcalendar,isbasedonthemovementoftheeartharoundthesun,whichlasts365or366days.OftencalledtheWesterncalendar,thisisthemostcommonlyusedcalendarintheworld.ItwasintroducedbyPopeGregoryXIIIin1582.PopeGregoryXIIIgavehisnametotheGregoriancalendarWords&PhrasesPopeGregoryXIII622021/6/27Cf.Thelunarcalendarisbasedonthemovementofthemoonaroundtheearth,whichlasts29or30days.Inordertocatchupwiththesolarcalendar,extramonthsareaddedwhenevernecessary.Words&Phrases632021/6/27Jesus耶穌（基督教的創(chuàng)始人）

JesusisthemanonwhoseideasChristianityisbased.ChristiansbelievehewasthesonofGod.HeisoftensimplycalledJesusorChrist.Words&Phrases642021/6/27…astheendoftheyearwhenours(accordingtothelunar

calendar)isatleastamonthaway?

Thelunarcalendarisbasedonthemovementofthemoonaroundtheearth,whichlasts29or30days.Inordertocatchupwiththesolarcalendar,extramonthsareaddedwhenevernecessary.

LanguagePoints

……而我們自己的歲末（按照陰歷）至少還有一個(gè)月才到呢？翻譯：652021/6/27

Theirfearsmaybejustifiedtoacertain

extent.

Thewordjustifiedmeanshavinganacceptableexplanationorreason.Thewriterthengivestheexplanationinthefollowingsentence.LanguagePoints

從某種程度上講，他們的憂慮是有道理的。翻譯：662021/6/27

Forgoodorbad,theworldhaspossibly

undergone

morechanges…

Thewriterdoesnotwanttogetintothequestionofwhetherwhathashappenedhasbeengoodorbad.Thepointistoagreethattherehasbeenchangeandithasconsequences.LanguagePoints

不管是好是壞，世界可能所經(jīng)歷的變化……翻譯：672021/6/27

Television,wethought,wasthelastuniting

factortillwegotafeelfortheInternet.

Theexpressiongetafeelforsomethingmeanstobeaccustomedtosomethingortohaveordevelopanunderstandingofsomethingandskillindoingit.LanguagePoints

過去，我們一直把電視看作是連接全世界的終極手

段，直到我們了解了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，才發(fā)現(xiàn)事實(shí)并非如此。翻譯：682021/6/27

Nothingcomeswithoutariderinthisglobalmarket.

AriderisanAmericanexpressionforaclauseaddedtoalaworlegaldocument,oftensettinganextracondition.Thesentencemeansnothinginthemodernworldcomeswithoutsomeunexpectedorunwantedconsequences.LanguagePoints

在這個(gè)全球市場(chǎng)中，得到任何東西都是要付出代價(jià)的。翻譯：692021/6/27

Beitonthemainlandorinthehighly

developedWestorinthepoorestofsocieties,

afestivalcarries

thesamemeaning.

ThesentencemeansfestivalshavethesamemeaningwhetherinChina,theadvancedeconomiesoftheWestortheleastdevelopednations.LanguagePoints

不管是在中國(guó)大陸，還是在高度發(fā)達(dá)的西方國(guó)家，抑或是世界上最貧窮的社會(huì)，節(jié)日承載著相同的意義。翻譯：702021/6/27ExercisesReadingandunderstandingDealingwithunfamiliarwordsReadingandinterpretingDevelopingcriticalthinking712021/6/27Readingandunderstanding3Choosethebestwaytocompletethesentences.1ThewriterthinkstheChinesecelebrateChristmasbecause________.(a)it’saWesternfestival(b)theworldhasundergoneagreatdealofchange(c)it’safestivalwhichcarriesthesamemeaninginboththeEastandtheWest(d)ithasbecomeafestivalwhichiscelebratedaroundtheworld,andeveryonecanrelaxduringthattime

Exercisesd722021/6/27

2SomescholarsfearthatcelebratingChristmasinChina________.(a)maythreatenChineseculture(b)meansthattheChineseblindlyfollowtheWestineveryway(c)causesChinesefestivalstolosetheircharm(d)isagoodexampleofWesterndecadenceExercisesa732021/6/273TheChineseattachmoreimportancetoChristmasthanacoupleofdecadesagobecause________.(a)televisionandtheInternethavebecomeunitingfactors(b)changesthroughouttheworldmakethemlookdifferentlyattheworldandatChina’splaceinit(c)webelongtoaglobalvillage(d)mostoftheworldfollowstheGregoriancalendarExercisesb742021/6/274EnjoyingaWesternfestivaldoesn’tmeanthat________.(a)theChineseapproveofWesterndecadence(b)theChineseareleftuntouchedbythefestiveseason(c)theChinesefollowtheWestwithoutthinking(d)theChinesecultureisfreeofdecadenceExercisesc752021/6/275Thewriterbelievesthatthescholarsandstudents________.(a)cansavesocietyfromtheinfluenceofaworldwhichisgettingsmaller(b)haveapointofviewwhichshouldnotberejected(c)arewhatarereferredtoasconservatives(d)arerightinthinkingChinesefestivalshavelosttheircharmExercisesb762021/6/276ThebasicmessageofChristmas________.(a)issimilartoEasternprinciplesofhelpingothers(b)hasthesamecharmasChinesefestivals(c)isoneofWesternculture,whichattractsyoungstersmorethanotherChinese(d)isoneofgoodness,loveofmankindandhelpforthepoorwhichisrelevanttoeveryoneExercisesd772021/6/27Dealingwithunfamiliarwords4Matchthewordsintheboxwiththeirdefinitions.5CompletetheparagraphwiththecorrectformofthewordsinActivity4.6Answerthequestionsaboutthewordsandexpressionsinthebox.7Answerthequestionsaboutthewordsandexpressions.Exercises782021/6/274Matchthewordsintheboxwiththeirdefinitions.1simple()2toshowthatthereisagoodreasonforsomething,especiallysomethingthatotherpeoplethinkiswrong()3toexperiencesomething,especiallysomethingthatisunpleasantbutnecessary()4alargemealforalotofpeople,usuallyinordertocelebratesomething()Exercises

calendar

charm

feast

goodness

humbleJustify

preach

undergo

youngsterhumblejustifyundergofeast792021/6/275asystemformeasuringthelengthofayearanddividingitintoperiodssuchasweeksandmonths()6achild,orayoungperson()7pleasantorattractivequalitiesorfeatures()8thequalityofbeingmorallygood()9toexpressastrongopinionandtrytopersuadeotherpeopletoacceptit()Exercises

calendar

charm

feast

goodness

humbleJustify

preach

undergo

youngsterpreachgoodnesscharmyoungstercalendar802021/6/275CompletetheparagraphwiththecorrectformofthewordsinActivity4.Thereissome(1)___________toscholars’fearsthatalotofChinese(2)___________haverecentlybecomemoreinterestedinfestivalsfromtheWestern(3)__________,suchasChristmaswhichImustadmitdoeshavesome(4)______.Exercises

calendar

charm