2025屆高考英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit14Careers課時作業(yè)14b北師大版必修5

PAGEPAGE1課時作業(yè)14CareersⅠ.閱讀理解(2024·華東師范高校其次附屬中學(xué)月考)GriffithObservatory(天文臺)isanationalleaderinpublicastronomy,andoneofthemostpopularattractionsinLosAngeles.Itislocatedonthesouthernslope(山坡)ofMountHollywoodinGriffithParkat1,134feetabovesealevel.VisitorsmaydrivetotheObservatoryandparkinitsparkinglotoronnearbyroads.Noreservation(預(yù)訂)isrequiredtovisit.Parkingislimited,andthebusiesttimesareweekends.Buses,taxis,andcarpoolsarewelcome.LADOTprovidesweekendpublicbusservicefromtheSunset/VermontMetroRedLinestation.GriffithObservatoryisopensixdaysaweek.Admissionandparkingarefree.HoursofOperationTuesday—Friday 12：00noon—10：00pmSaturday—Sunday 10：00am—10：00pmMondayClosedThanksgivingDayandChristmasDayClosedSamuelOschinPlanetariumTheSamuelOschinPlanetariumtheateroffers8to10live,half-hourpresentationseachday.Thereareusuallyfourdifferentshowsfromwhichtochoose.Showsarepresentedevery60to90minutes.Checkthewebsite,informationdesks,ortheboxofficeforeachday'sshowtimes.Lateseatingisnotpermitted.SamuelOschinPlanetariumticketsmustbepurchasedattheObservatoryandareonlyavailableonthedayoftheshow.Theticketpricesforshowsare：Adults(13—59yearsold)$7.00Children(5—12yearsold)$3.00Seniors(60yearsandolder)$5.00Students$5.00Childrenunder5yearswillbeadmittedonlytothefirstshoweachday.Hearingassistdevicesareavailableuponrequest.PublicTelescopesFreepublictelescopesareavailableeacheveningtheObservatoryisopenandskiesareclear.TheZeisstelescopeontheroofisgenerallyopenby7：00pm.Allobservingmustbecompletedby9：45pm.本文主要介紹的是美國聞名景點——格里菲斯天文臺。1．WhatcanwelearnaboutGriffithObservatoryaccordingtothepassage?A．Itisopenalltheyeararound.B．Itismostlyvisitedatweekends.C．ItbecomesfamousbecauseofHollywood.D．ItisthemostattractiveplaceinLosAngeles.答案：B解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第三句“Parkingislimited,andthebusiesttimesareweekends.”可知，周末是格里菲斯天文臺最繁忙的時間。2．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheSamuelOschinPlanetariumtheater?A．Hearingassistdevicesareprovidedtoseniors.B．Theshowstheregenerallylast60to90minutes.C．Visitorsarerequiredtobeseatedbeforetheshowstarts.D．Theticketsforitsshowscanbeboughtthroughthewebsite.答案：C解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)SamuelOschinPlanetarium部分其次段最終一句“Lateseatingisnotpermitted.”可知，要提前入場就座，遲到了就不能進劇場了。3．Towatchtheshow,ayoungcouplewitha7-year-oldsonshouldpay________.A．$13.00 B．$15.00C．$17.00 D．$20.00答案：C解析：數(shù)字計算題。依據(jù)票價“Adults(13—59yearsold)$7.00”和“Children(5—12yearsold)$3.00”可知，一對年輕夫婦和一個7歲男孩共須要17美元。4．Whichofthefollowingischarged?A．Parking.B．Telescopes.C．Hearingassistdevices.D．LADOTbusservice.答案：D解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章中的“Admissionandparkingarefree.”“Freepublictelescopesareavailable”和“Hearingassistdevicesareavailableuponrequest.”可知，A、B、C三項都是免費的，故選D。Ⅱ.閱讀填句(2024·山西六校聯(lián)考)HowtodrivegreenerBuyinggreencanproducegreatbenefitsandsocansmallchangesinyourdrivingbehavior.__1__1．Avoidaggressivedriving.Suddenstartsandaggressivedrivingcanwasteyourgas.__2__That'sbecausejustonesecondofhigh-powereddrivingcanproducethesamelevelofCOas30minutesofnormaldriving.2.__3__Alotofusliketopushthespeedometerupto75milesperhouronthehighway.However,slowingdownto65milesperhourcanincreaseyourfueleconomybyupto10percentandreducetheamountofpollutioncomingfromyourcar.3．Planahead.Whenpossible,planyourtripstoavoidthestop-and-goofrushhour.Andremembertopackallofyourtasksintoonetripsinceawarmed-upengineproducesfeweremissions(排放物)．4．Payattentionatthegasstation.Don'toverfillyourgastankortrytotopitoffbecausespilled(溢出)gaschangesintomixtureoffogandsmokeandcanpollutegroundwater.Whenyouarefinishedfillingup,besureyoutightenyourgascap.__4__5．Parksmart.Parkingyourcarintheshadenotonlyhelpsyouavoidfeelingveryhotinyourcar,butithelpsminimizeevaporation(蒸發(fā))offuel.6.__5__Bywalking,cyclingorpublictransport,youwillmakeabigdifferenceforourplanet.Leaveyourcarathomejusttwodaysaweek.Andyouwillhelpcutgreenhousegasemissionsby1,500poundsayear.A．Changetheoil.B．Slowdown.C．Leaveyourcarathome.D．Andthistypeofdrivingbehavioraddstopollution.E．Inthiswayyoucansaveasmuchas30gallonsayear.F．Thefollowingadvicecanhelpyousavegasandcontributetothewell-beingofourplanet.G．Parkinginyourgaragewhenpossibletocutdownonsummerheatandkeepofffrostinthewinter.文章主要就如何開車更加環(huán)保，給出了我們幾點建議。1．F解析：考查對上下文理解及推理推斷實力。句意：下面的建議可以幫助你節(jié)約汽油，有助于地球的健康。依據(jù)下文中的幾點建議，可知此處引出下文。依據(jù)題意，故選F。2．D解析：考查對上下文理解及推理推斷實力。句意：這種類型的駕駛行為，加重了對環(huán)境的污染。依據(jù)下文“That'sbecausejustonesecondofhigh-powereddrivingcanproducethesamelevelofCOas30minutesofnormaldriving.”那是因為即使只有一秒鐘的高功率駕駛也可以產(chǎn)生與正常行駛30分鐘相同的一氧化碳量?？芍@種類型的行駛會對環(huán)境造成污染。依據(jù)題意，故選D。3．B解析：考查對上下文理解及推理推斷實力。句意：慢下來。依據(jù)下文“However,slowingdownto65milesperhourcanincreaseyourfueleconomybyupto10percentandreducetheamountofpollutioncomingfromyourcar.”然而，減速至每小時65英里可以使你的燃油經(jīng)濟性提高10%，并削減汽車排放的污染量?？芍摱沃饕v解并描述的是減速。依據(jù)題意，故選B。4．E解析：考查對上下文理解及推理推斷實力。句意：通過這種方式一年你可以節(jié)約高達30加侖汽油。依據(jù)上文“Don'toverfillyourgastankortrytotopitoffbecausespilled(溢出)gaschangesintomixtureoffogandsmokeandcanpollutegroundwater.Whenyouarefinishedfillingup,besureyoutightenyourgascap.”不要讓油箱太滿或溢出來，因為溢出來的汽油會變成混合的霧與煙，可能會污染地下水。當(dāng)你加滿油后，確保擰緊油蓋。可推知這樣可以節(jié)約能源。前后為因果關(guān)系。依據(jù)題意，故選E。5．C解析：考查對上下文理解及推理推斷實力。句意：把你的車留在家里。依據(jù)下文“Leaveyourcarathomejusttwodaysaweek.Andyouwillhelpcutgreenhousegasemissionsby1,500poundsayear.”一周里，把你的車只停在家里兩天。一年你將幫助削減1500磅的溫室氣體排放量。依據(jù)題意，故選C。Ⅲ.語法填空(2024·江西新余四中檢測)Thereisgoodandbadnewsaboutthenumberoftreesonourplanet.Thegoodnewsis__1__thereareseventimesmoretreesthanwe__2__(think).Afewyearsago,scientistsestimatedtheworldhad400billiontrees,butanewstudymakesa__3__(calculate)thattherearearoundthreetrilliontrees.That'sathree__4__(follow)by12zeroes.ButDrThomasCrowthertoldtheBBCthatthisnewnumberisunable__5__(change)anything.Whatisthebadnews?Thousandsofyearsago,theearthhadaroundsixtrilliontrees.Humanactivityhascutthenumberoftreesontheplanet__6__half.Agoodexampleofthisis__7__factthatEuropeusedtobeoneofthegiantforests.DrCrowthersaidpeopleare__8__(responsibility)forthelossofthreetrilliontrees.Another15billiontreesarelosteachyearbecauseofdeforestation(毀林)andfarmland.Thescientistssaidthisfigureis“__9__(extreme)higher”thanacenturyago.DrCrowtheradded,“Thisstudyhighlightshowmuchmoreeffort__10__(need)ifwearetorestorehealthyforestsworldwide.”這是一篇說明文。文中介紹了地球上樹木的現(xiàn)有量。1．that解析：考查名詞性從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句成分和句意完整，故用that。2．thought解析：考查時態(tài)。這里說的是“比我們原本以為的……”，故要用一般過去時。3．calculation解析：考查名詞。依據(jù)空前的“a”可知此處要用名詞形式。4．followed解析：考查非謂語動詞。follow與three之間有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作定語。5．to_change解析：考查非謂語動詞。be(un)abletodosth.意為“(不)能做某事”，是常用表達。6．in解析：考查介詞。inhalf意為“減半”。7．the解析：考查冠詞。依據(jù)語境可知，此處應(yīng)當(dāng)用定冠詞the特指fact。8．responsible解析：考查形容詞。依據(jù)語境可知，此處指人們應(yīng)當(dāng)為樹木的削減負(fù)責(zé)。beresponsiblefor“對……負(fù)責(zé)”是固定搭配，故填responsible。9．extremely解析：考查副詞。依據(jù)句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處修飾形容詞higher，應(yīng)用副詞形式。10．is_needed/will_be_needed解析：考查主謂一樣、時態(tài)和語態(tài)。這項探討表明，假如要在世界范圍內(nèi)復(fù)原健康的森林，那我們須要再做多少努力。主句主語effort與need之間是被動關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)?！癶owmuchmoreeffort”的謂語應(yīng)用單數(shù)，故應(yīng)填isneeded。此處也可理解為表示將來要發(fā)生的動作，故主句可用一般將來時。Ⅳ.短文改錯(2024·河北衡水一中月考)MyEnglishteacherrecommendedmetotakeapartinanEnglishspeechcompetition.ButIdoubtthatIhavetheabilitytowin.AsisknowntoallmyclassmatesthatIcanspeakEnglishasifIamanativespeaker.However,Idarenotvoicemyopinions,speciallyinpublic.MybestfriendLilyhasbeenencouragingtoreceivethechallenge.Onheropinion,whetherIcanwinthecompetitionornotdoesn'tmatteraslongItrymybest.Encouragedbyher,Ihavedecidedtohavingatry,challengingmyself.Imustconquermyshy.Wishmyselfgoodluck.答案與解析MyEnglishteacherrecommendedmetotakeeq\o(a,＼)partinanEnglishspeechcompetition.ButIdoubteq\o(that,\s\do15(whether))Ihavetheabilitytowin.eq\o(As,\s\do15(It))isknowntoallmyclassmatesthatIcanspeakEnglishasifIeq\o(am,\s\do15(were))anativespeaker.However,Idarenotvoicemyopinions,eq\o(specially,\s\do15(especially))inpublic.MybestfriendLilyhasbeenencouragingtoeq\o(receive,\s\do15(accept))thechallenge.eq\o(On,\s\do15(In))heropinion,whetherIcanwinthecompetitionornotdoesn'tmatteraslongeq\o(∧,\s\do15(as))Itrymybest.Encouragedbyher,Ihavedecidedtoeq\o(having,\s\do15(have))atry,challengingmyself.Imustconquermyeq\o(shy,\s\do15(shyness)).Wishmyselfgoodluck.1．去掉a考查動詞短語。takepartin為固定搭配，意思是“參與”，只有當(dāng)part前有修飾成分時，part前才有冠詞修飾。2．that→whether考查名詞性從句。本句的意思是“但是我懷疑我能否有實力獲勝”。doubt用在確定句時后面的賓語從句用whether引導(dǎo)，用在否定句中，后面的賓語從句用that引導(dǎo)。3．As→It考查名詞性從句。本句中，it為形式主語，真正的主語為that引導(dǎo)的主語從句。4．a(chǎn)m→were考查虛擬語氣。asifIwereanativespeaker運用了虛擬語氣，表達與事實相反。5．specially→especially考查副詞。specially意思是“特地地”，而especially意思是“特殊地”。6．receive→accept考查動詞。這里表達“接受挑戰(zhàn)”，而receive指“被動地