2024年高考二輪復習-推理判斷題（解題技巧）（原卷版）

2/2題型02推理判斷題命題特點推理判斷題是閱讀理解中難度較大的題型。它不僅要求考生理解文章的字面意思，還要對文章的表面信息進行挖掘，將作者在文中沒有直接說出的意思通過對細節(jié)上的暗示和語篇邏輯關(guān)系的分析，做出一定判斷和推理，從而得出文章的深層意義和隱含意義?？疾榉较蛲评砼袛囝}在高考中占比很重，經(jīng)常達到4-8題甚至以上，包括隱含意義推斷題、觀點態(tài)度推斷題、文章出處或?qū)懽鲗ο蟆⒛康囊鈭D推斷題和下文預測推斷題。命題規(guī)律文中長復合句、特殊句型處常考語言轉(zhuǎn)折和強對比處?？紝ξ恼轮行乃枷胩幊？纪评砼袛囝}解題思維理解文章的字面意思，從字里行間捕捉有用的提示和線索，打好推理判斷的基礎(chǔ)。對文字的表面信息由淺入深地進行挖掘，通過分析、綜合、判定等，進行合乎邏輯的推斷。不能斷章取義，以偏概全，局限于膚淺的表面意思。忠實于原文，以文章提供的事實和線索為依據(jù)進行合理推斷。不能主觀臆想，憑空想象，隨意揣測，更不能以自己的觀點代替作者的觀點;把握句間、段之間的邏輯關(guān)系，了解語篇的結(jié)構(gòu)和體裁。體會文章的基調(diào)，揣摸作者的態(tài)度，感悟文章的邏輯發(fā)展，揣摩作者的弦外之音。注意：推理判斷題要在閱讀理解整體語篇的基礎(chǔ)上，把握文章的真正內(nèi)涵。推理時我們務必要忠于原文，在文章中尋找并確定可推論的依據(jù)，準確理解文中的已知部分，再結(jié)合語境和常識推論出未知部分和作者的言外之意。推理判斷題干擾項特征主觀臆斷：根據(jù)現(xiàn)實生活常識推斷。雖然符合考生的常識，但文中并沒有支撐的依據(jù)。過度推斷：作者并未做出評論，只是客觀的陳述事實，考生進行了過度的解讀和推斷。以細節(jié)代替推斷：將文章中出現(xiàn)的文中無關(guān)緊要或片面推出的結(jié)論，如某一處細節(jié)當作合理推斷，實則是原文信息的簡單重復，并不是推斷出來的結(jié)論。無中生有：在解題時將自己的觀點或社會的一種普遍性傾向而文中并無關(guān)系的觀點當成作者的觀點。實際上真正的答案在文章中并不能直接找到，會進行詞匯的替換。命題點01隱含意義推斷題【典例】（2023·福建泉州·高三?？计谥校㊣T’SATYPICALmorning:youwakeup,takeashower,brushyourteeth,andthenprick(刺;扎)yourarmwithatinyneedle.Wait,what?Unlessyouhaveaseriousdiseasesuchasdiabetes,youprobablyhaven’tevertestedyourownblood.Butinthefuture,thatmightchange.ThecompanyCoralreadysellsasystemforhomebloodtesting.Youstickyourarmusingasupposedlypainless,one-off,blood-drawingcartridge(針筒)aboutthesizeofalipstick.Thenyoustickthecartridgeintoadevicethatlookslikethebaseforanelectrictoothbrush.Afewminuteslater,anapponyourphonebuzzeswithupdatedinformation,includingyourcurrenthealthdataandtipsonwhattoeatandhowtoexerciseduringtheday.5．Whydoestheauthormentionthetypicalmorninginthefirstparagraph?A．Toexplainascene. B．Tointroducethetopic.C．Tomakeacomparison. D．Toprovideanexample.命題點02觀點態(tài)度推斷題【典例01】（2023·河北·高三泊頭市第一中學校聯(lián)考期中）Undersomecircumstances,theresearchersfoundsignificantemissionsreductions.Buteachcaserequiredwhattheyconsideredanunrealisticallyhighportionofthewoodgoingtowardsconstruction,aswellasrapidgrowthonlyseeninwarmerplaces,likeBrazil.Ingeneral,theyfoundalargeincreaseinglobaldemandforwoodwouldprobablyleadtorisingemissionsfordecades.Accountingforemissionsinthisway,theresearchersreportedinarelatedpaperthatincreasingforestharvestsbetween2010and2050wouldaddemissionsequaltoroughly10percentoftotalannualemissions.AliAmiriatAaltoUniversityinFinlandsaysthereport’sconclusionsaboutemissionsfromrisingdemandareprobablycorrect,butthestoryisdifferentforwoodwealreadyharvest.“Boostingtheefficiencyofcurrentharvestsandusingmorewoodforlongerlivedpurposesthanpaperwouldcutemissions,”hesays.“Wecannotjustsayweshouldstopusingwood.”12．WhatisAliAmiri’sattitudetowardthenewresult?A．Favorable. B．Doubtful. C．Critical. D．Objective.【典例02】（浙江省義烏五校2023-2024學年高三聯(lián)考試題）“Aslongasourbesttechnologyforseeinginsidethebrainrequiressubjectstolienearlymotionlesswhilesurroundedbyagiantmagnet,we’reonlygoingtomakelimitedprogressonthesequestions,”Allensaid.34．WhatisAllen’sattitudetothecurrentstudyonthehumanbrain?A．Cautious. B．Indifferent. C．Approving. D．Pessimistic.命題點03文章出處或?qū)懽鲗ο?、目的意圖推斷題【典例】（2019新課標I卷C篇）Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物測量)technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice(裝置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(節(jié)奏)withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser’stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople’sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit’sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.Italsodoesn’trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen’talreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.31．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Adiary. B．Aguidebook C．Anovel. D．Amagazine.命題點04下文預測推斷題【典例】（2024·江蘇蘇州·高三?？茧A段練習）It’smid-afternoon.You’refullfromlunch.Thedayiswarm.You’restartingtofeelsleepy.Shouldyougiveintothecomfortofanap(打盹)?Inpointofadvantage,itisworthit.Thoughthereissomedisagreementastowhethernappingbenefitseveryone,researchsuggestsnapscanboostatleastsomepeople’smentalprocessofunderstandingintheshortterm.Severalstudiesfindthatawell-timednapcanprovideashort-termboostinbrainpower.Forexample,scientistsreviewedpastresearchthatfocusedonhealthyparticipantswithregularsleepcycles.Thatreview,publishedin2009intheJournalofSleepResearch,showsthatnappingimprovesfactorsrangingfromreactiontimetoalertness(警覺)tomemoryperformance.“Abriefnapcanalsoinspirepeoplewithcreativity,”a2021studyinScienceAdvancesfound.Inthatresearch,participantsweregivenmathproblemsthatcouldbesolvedwithaneasyshortcutthattheyweren’ttoldabout.Someparticipantswereencouragedtotakeabriefnapbeforetacklingtheproblems.Theresearchersfoundthosewhonapped-andspentevenjust30secondsinthefirst,lightestphaseofsleep--were2.7timesmorelikelytofigureouttheshortcutthanthosewhostayedawake.Butenteringadeepersleepphasehadanegativeeffectonthiscreativeinsight.Inotherwords,theremaybea“sweetspot”ofmentalrelaxationthatclearsthewayformomentsofinspiration.“Timingyournapsrightcanreducesleepinertia(睡眠慣性),”saysNatalieDautovich,apsychologistatVirginiaCommonwealthUniversity.“A20-minutenapisrechargingand60to90minutesofsleepcanbeevenmorerestorative.Thenaptoavoidistheonelastingmorethan20minutesandlessthan60minutes,whichismostlikelytoleadtosleepinertia.”“Theshort-termbenefitsofnapsarewellestablished,butpinningdowntherelationshipbetweennapsandanyspecifichealthoutcomes,long-termeffectsofnapping,isnotalwayssimple.Forexample,greaterdaytimesleepinessissymptomaticofmanyhealthconditions,andthereforenappingmaynotnecessarilybethecauseoftheseconditionsbutratheraconsequence,”saysVictoriaGarfield,aprofessorofUniversityCollegeLondon.Whatwilltheauthorprobablytalkaboutnext?A．Thereasonsforunhealthyphysicalconditions.B．Thewaystosettheappropriatetimeofnapping.C．Theassociationbetweennapandhealthconditions.D．Themeanstogetintothehabitoflong-termnapping.1.（2023·福建泉州·高三?？计谥校㊣t’struethatbloodcontainsawealthofinformationaboutaperson’shealth.Bloodtestscanshowifapersonisinfectedwithadiseaseoratriskforavarietyofproblems,includingaheartattackorastroke.Butmostpeopledon’ttesttheirownblooduntiladoctorsaysit’stime.Healthyyoungadultsgetregularbloodtestsabouteveryfiveyears.Thesetestshappenatalab,whereatechnicianoranursesticksalongneedleintothearmtodrawoutseveraltubesfullofblood.Corandsimilarcompanies,suchasWellnessFX,aretryingtochangeallthat.Theythinkpeopledeserveaccesstomoreinformationabouttheirownhealth.Butnoteveryoneisconvincedthatregularbloodtestingforhealthypeopleisagreatidea.Cor’ssystemisexpensiveandmaypotoffermuchbenefit.“Thelightestresulthereisthatyouloseyourmoneyandthenyou’reremindedtogetmoresleepandtoeatmorefruits,vegetables,andfish,”PieterCohenofHarvardMedicalSchooltoldtheNewYorkTimes.“Theworstresultisthatyouendupgettingfrightenedbyprobablyabnormalresultsthatareactuallycompletelynormalforyou.”Plus,theresultsofahomebloodtestmightbewrong.It’shardtogetaccurateresultsfromatinyamountofblood.Sowhatdoyouthink?Ismonitoringyourownhealthviapinpricksthewayofthefuture?Orisitbettertoleavebloodtestingtomedicalprofessionals?7．What’sPieterCohen’sattitudetowardsthiskindofsystem?A．Objective. B．Subjective. C．Supportive. D．Negative.2.（2023·江蘇南京·高三校聯(lián)考期中）ButtheparentsareproudthattheywereabletohelpMikewithhissocialskillsalongwithhisintellectualskills.MelissatoldCNBCthatpeopleexpected“YoungSheldon”beforetheymetherson.YoungSheldonisatelevisionshowaboutachildtalentwhoisanindoormanandlackssocialskills.“ButoncetheytalktoMike,theyunderstandthathe’sjustanormal14-year-oldthathappenstobeabletodoamazingthings,”saidMelissa.MarkandMelissagottoknowabouttheirchild’sintelligencewhenheenteredpreschool.Achildpsychologisttoldthemthattheirsonwouldneedadifferentcoursetosupporthisfast-trackdevelopment.Manyparentsaren’tcomfortablewithputtingtheirchildrenwith18-year-olds,butMike’sparentssawthevalueinlettingtheirchildgothroughit.“Iwantedhimtobesocialandbeabletodealwithallthedifferentpersonalitiesintheclassroomswitholderchildren,”saidMelissa21．WhatcanweinferaboutthechildintheshowYoungSheldon?A．Helikestomakefriends. B．Heisawell-roundedman.C．Heisapopularchildactor. D．Heispooratdealingwithpeople.3.（2023·寧夏銀川·高三銀川唐徠回民中學校考）LanguageslikeItalianorFinnishcanbespelledmoreeasilybecauseeachletterofthealphabetmatchestoonesound.Studentsstudyingtheselanguagescanhave90percentreadingaccuracyafterthefirstyear.However,studentsevenafteryearsoflearningEnglisharestillfarbelowItalianorFinnishstudentsinreadingaccuracy.EnglishstartedasaGermaniclanguage.ItismostcloselyconnectedtoGermanandDutch,especiallyingrammarandbasicvocabulary.DuringtheNormaninvasioninthe12thcentury,OldEnglishwasspokenbutFrenchwasusedingovernmentandlegaldocuments.AndLatinwasusedinreligiousandeducationalactivities.Asaresult,moreFrenchandLatinwordsenteredtheEnglishlanguage.Theprintingpressinventedinthelate1400shelpedtoestablishEnglishspelling.TheEnglishoftodayishowthelanguagewaswrittenatthetime.However,thespokenlanguagestartedtochangeinthe1500swiththepronunciationofalllongvowels(元音).Forexample,“bite”waspronouncedcloserto“beet”inthe1400s,beforechangingthroughtheyearstoitscurrentsound.TheeffectwasthattheEnglishlanguagehadoldspellings,butnewsounds24．Howdoestheauthorleadtothetopicofthistext?A．Bymakingaclassification. B．Bycomparison.C．Bythecalculationofanexample. D．Bydescribingaprocess.4.（2023·河南駐馬店·高三校聯(lián)考階段練習）We,modernhumans,spend90%ofourtimeinside,travelingbetweenhomesandoffices,schoolsandapartments,restaurantsandgyms.I’vebeenhearingthisstatisticsomuchthatIstartedtowonderifitwasanurbanlegend.It’snot!ThebestreferenceforthestatisticappearstobeTheNationalHumanActivityPatternSurvey(NHAPS).ThesurveywasfundedbytheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA).“EPA’smainpurposeforcollectingtheNHAPSdatawastoprovidediaryrecordsthatcouldbeusedasinputsforcomputer-basedhumanexposuremodels,”saysthestudy.Inotherwords,inordertounderstandhowhumansmightbeimpactedbypollutantsinourvariousindoorandoutdoorenvironments,scientistsneededtoknowhowmuchtimewespendindifferentlocations.32．WhatcanwelearnaboutmodernhumansaccordingtoNHAPS?A．They’reanindoorspecies. B．They’reanurbanlegend.C．Theyenjoyaleisurelylife. D．Theylikelivinginmoderncities.5.（2023·湖南長沙·高三湖南師大附中?？茧A段練習）Haveyoueverputoffaprojectuntilthelastminuteeventhoughyouknewitwouldonlytakeafewhourstocomplete?Studiessuggestthatwhengivenatask,wethinkofhowmuchtimeisavailabletocompletethetaskinsteadofhowmuchtimeweactuallyneed.Thismindset,orParkinson’sLawaspsychologistsputit,resultsinwastedtimeandinefficientworkflows.Onereasonwhythisphenomenonhappensliesinhowpeopletendtoapproachtasks.Byfocusingonhowmuchtimewehavetodosomething,weassumethatthetaskwillrequirethatmuchtime.Parkinson’sLawisn’tamagicformula(公式)orafixedrule.Butitisanobservationyoucanusetohelpyoubecomemoreproductive.Let’slookatafewwaysyoucanapplyParkinson’sLawtoyourlife,getyourto-dolistcheckedoffquicker,andspendlessoftheworkdayfillingintimejusttolookbusy.Asyougetstarted,makealistofyourtasks,anddeterminetheamountoftimeittakestocompletethem.Ifyoucangiveyourselfhalfthattimetocompleteeachtask,youcanavoidfallingintotheprocrastination(拖延)trap.Getbetteratjudgingtime.Sometasksmaybeaccuratetobeginwith,andsomemaybeinflatedifyouarenotusedtousingParkinson’sLaw.Atimerisgoingtobeveryusefulwhenyoustartdoingthis.Avoidsettingarbitrarydeadlinesandinsteadthinkabouthowlongataskwillrealisticallytaketocomplete.Whilethismightnotbeclear,considerpastexperiencesasaguide.WhileParkinson’sLawisaphenomenonthatcanleadtowastedtimeandincompetence,itdoesn’thavetobeaproblemifyou’reawareofit.Usingsomeofthestrategiesabove,youcanavoidfallingvictimtoParkinson’sLawandmakethemostofyourtime.51．WhatcanbeinferredaboutParkinson’sLaw?A．Itimprovesproductivity. B．Itleadstoprocrastination.C．Itresultsfromamagicrule. D．Itcontradictspersonaljudgment.54．Whatwouldbetheintentionofthetext?A．Topromotemoreefficienttaskmanagement.B．Tocriticizesomewrongpractice.C．TodefineParkinson’sLaw.D．Tosuggestaself-disciplinedlifestyle.6.（2023·四川雅安·高三統(tǒng)考階段練習）Cheerleadingsquads(啦啦隊)areknownfortheirenergyandathleticism,andalwaysaddfunandexcitementtoanyevent.Mostcheerleadinggroupshaveyoungmembers,sothisArizonacheerleadingsquadcertainlystandsout.SunCityPoms,whichonlyrecruits(招募)memberswhoareover55,hasdistinguisheditselfasacheerleadingsquadthatbringsjoytoseniorsandaudiencesofallages.Establishedin1979,theteamconsistsofwomenagedover55wholiveinSunCity,aretirementcommunityinArizona.Thiscommunityofactiveseniorswomenarepassionateaboutdancing,performingandstayingactive,andprovethatthereisnoagelimittowhatyoulovetodo.Theteamhasbecomeincreasinglypopular,andthemembersareknownfortheirenergeticperformancesatparades,festivalsandeventsthroughoutthestate.Despitethedemandingschedule,thewomenremaincommittedtotheteam.Thischeerleadingsquadbringsjoytoseniorsbykeepingmembersphysicallyfit,buildingfriendships,andfosteringasenseofcommunity.TheSunCityPomscurrentlyhas30membersandahandfuloftrainees,whocanjoinaftercompletingathree-monthclass,learningtworoutines,andprovingtheyhavewhatittakes.OnMarch25,thegroupsuccessfullyheldthe“CelebratethePoms”show,whichdrewacrowdofover700people.Itevenincludedaspecialnumberfrom“TheFlops”,whocountthehusbands,friendsandloversofthePomsasmembers.Zirbel,inhereighties,alreadyhasalotofmemorieswiththegroupandisreadytomakemore.Shesharedthatinoneeventalone.Sheestimatedthatshewalkedaboutthreemiles.Despitethetiringscheduleandoffdays,Zirbelisnotabouttoleavetheteamanytimesoon.11．WhydidZirbelmention“threemiles”inhersharing?A．Toproveherenergeticdailylife. B．Toindicatehertirednessofthework.C．Toshowtheeffortinvolvedintheevent. D．Tocomplainaboutthestressofthetraining.12．Whichofthefollowingsayingsbestsuitsthestory?A．Noyoungoroldlearnerisateacher.B．Whenislifeenoughtobeidleandidle?C．Oneyearolder,onemorepointofresponsibility.D．Althoughtheviolinisold,itcanstillplayagoodtune.7.（2023·福建·高三校聯(lián)考階段練習）Notallfatiscreatedequal.Thefatmostpeoplepictureisknownaswhitefat,sinceitlookswhiteorwhite-yellowwhenyouseeitundertheskin.Butyou’realsobornwithbrownfat,which,unsurprisingly,looksbrown.Brownfat—foundintheneckandshouldersofnewborns—ismetabolically(新陳代謝地)efficient,inthatitburnslotsofcalories,whichservesthepurposeofkeepingyouwarm(importantfornewborns).Welosemostofourbrownfatasweage.Byagesix,wehavelessthanfivepercentofthebrownfatwewerebornwith;thefatwegainovertimeisalmostallwhitefat.Oneofthemajorcausesofshortenedlifetimeandillnessesliketype2diabetesandmanycancersistheincreasinglevelofwhitefat.Soscientistshavelongtriedtofindwaystoactivatethatfatorturnwhitefatintobrownfat.However,oneroadblocktousingbrownfatisthatallthegoodstuffthatbrownfatdoeshastobeprogrammedintothepreviouslywhitefat,butthathasproveddoable.AgroupinDelawarehasactivatedbrownfatinafewwomenwithanalreadyapprovedmedication.ResearchersattheUniversityofCopenhagen(UCPH)haveputwhitefatintesttubesandturneditintobrownfat.Theytheninjectedthebrownfatintofatsheep.Ashoped,thesheepwithmorebrownfatgotthinandlosttheirmetabolicsyndromeanddiabetes.Thetimetableforthisgame-changingabilitytoturnwhitefattobrownfatispredictedtobelessthanfiveyearsawayafterhumanstudiesstart.Ifscientistsfindawaytoreplacewhitefatwithbrownfat,itwilllikelymitigaterisksofdiseaseslikediabetes,heartdisease,stroke,andbraindisordergreatlyandprovideincreasedenergylevels.Thatis,youbecomeoperationallyyounger.Bringiton!26．WhatcanwelearnaboutbrownfatfromtheresearchofUCPH?A．Itoriginatesfromwhitefat. B．Itcanbeactivatedbymedication.C．Itmaybethekeytoweightloss. D．Ithastoworkwithwhitefat.8.（2023·遼寧丹東·高三校聯(lián)考階段練習）Theotherday,mysisterandIweresittinginarestaurant,tryingtohaveaconversation,butherchildren,four-year-oldWillowandseven-year-oldLuca,wouldnotstopfighting.Thearguments-overafork,orwhohadmorewaterinaglass-neverstopped.Thenmysisterreachedintoherhandbag,producedtwoshinyiPads,andhandedonetoeachchild.Suddenly,thetwowerequiet.Theysatplayinggamesandwatchingvideos,andwecontinuedwithourconversation.Afterourmeal,asmysisterstuffedtheiPadsbackintoherbag,shesaid,“Idon’twanttogivethemtheiPadsatthedinnertable,butiftheykeepthemoccupiedforanhoursowecaneatinpeace,Ioftenjusthandthemover.I’mafraidit’sbadforthem.Idoworrythatitmakesthemthinkit’sOKtouseelectronicsatthedinnertableinthefuture.”Dr.GarySmall,directoroftheLongevityCenterattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelessaysthatthebrainishighlysensitivetostimuli(刺激物),likeiPadsandsmartphonescreens,andifpeoplespendtoomuchtimeononetechnology,andlesstimeinteractingwithpeoplelikeparentsatthedinnertable,thatcouldpreventthedevelopmentofcertaincommunicationskills.“Conversationswitheachotherarethewaychildrenlearntohaveconversationswiththemselves,andlearnhowtobealone,”saidSherryTurkle,aprofessorofscience,technologyandsocietyattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.Shefearsthatchildrenwhodonotlearnrealinteractions,whichoftenhaveimperfections,willcometoknowaworldwhereperfect,shinyscreensgivethemafalsesenseofintimacy(親密)withoutrisk.However,theyneedtobeabletogatherthemselvesandknowwhotheyare.Sosomedaytheycanformarelationshipwithanotherpersonwithoutapanicofbeingalone.“Ifyoudon’tteachyourchildrentobealone,they’llonlyknowhowtobelonely,”shesaid.34．AccordingtoDr.Small,whatshouldparentsdo?A．Providetheirchildrenwithvarioustechnologies.B．Teachtheirchildrencommunicationskills.C．Talktotheirchildrenatthedinnertable.D．Limittheirchildren’sscreentime.35．WhatisSherryTurkleworried?A．Childrenareafraidoftakingrisks.B．Childrentrytoescapefromtherealworld.C．Childrencan’tlivewithoutelectronicdevices.D．Childrencan’tdealwithcompanion-lesssituations.36．Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A．Totellatruestory. B．Todiscussaphenomenon.C．Togivepracticalsuggestions. D．Tocomparedifferentopinions.9.（2023·四川雅安·高三統(tǒng)考階段練習）Newresearchlinksoutdoorairpollution—evenatlevelsconsideredsafe—toanincreasedriskofdiabetes(糖尿病)globally,accordingtoastudyfromtheVASt.LouisHealthCareSystem.ThefindingsraisethepossibilitythatreducingpollutionmayleadtoadropindiabetescasesinheavilypollutedcountriessuchasIndiaandlesspollutedonessuchastheUnitedStates.Diabetesisoneofthefastestgrowingdiseases,affectingmorethan500millionpeopleworldwide.Themaindriversofdiabetesincludeeatinganunhealthydiet,havingasedentarylifestyleandobesity,butthenewresearchindicatestheextenttowhichoutdoorairpollutionplaysarole.“Ourresearchshowsasignificantlinkbetweenairpollutionanddiabetesglobally,”saidZiyadAl-Aly,MD,thestudy’sseniorauthorandanassistantprofessorofmedicineattheUniversityofWashington.“Wefoundanincreasedrisk,evenatlowlevelsofairpollutioncurrentlyconsideredsafebytheUSEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)andtheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO).Thisisimportantbecausemanyindustrylobbying(游說)groupsarguethatcurrentlevelsaretoostringentandshouldberelaxed.Evidenceshowsthatcurrentlevelsarestillnotsufficientlysafeandneedtobetightened.”Whilegrowingevidencehassuggestedalinkbetweenairpollutionanddiabetes,researchershavenotattemptedtoquantifythatburdenuntilnow.“Overthepasttwodecades,therehavebeenbitsofresearchaboutdiabetesandpollution,”saidAl-Aly.“Wewantedtothreadtogetherthepiecesforabroader,moresolidunderstanding.”Theresearchersalsofoundthattheoverallriskofpollution-relateddiabetestilted(傾斜)moretowardlower-incomecountriessuchasIndiathatlacktheresourcesforenvironmentalmitigationsystemsandclean-airpolicies.Forinstance,poverty-strickencountriesfacingahigherdiabetes-pollutionriskinclude