專題17 中國航天取得輝煌成就-備戰(zhàn)2023年中考英語閱讀理解時文爆點(diǎn)專題訓(xùn)練（解析版）

專題17中國航天取得輝煌成就備戰(zhàn)2022-2023年中考英語閱讀理解時文爆點(diǎn)專題訓(xùn)練A（2022·河北保定·九年級統(tǒng)考）SuperspaceseedsSincehumanssentthefirstsatellite（衛(wèi)星）tospaceinthe1950s,scientistshavebeenstudyinganimportanttopic:howtogrowfoodinspaceifhumanswillonedaylivethere.Arecentexperiment（實(shí)驗(yàn)）attheTiangongspacestationmakesabigstepforward.Chineseastronautshavesuccessfullygrownriceseedlings（幼苗）duringtheShenzhouXIVmission.“Thericeseedlingsaregrowingverywell,”saidZhengHuiqiong,aresearcherfromtheChineseAcademyofSciences.SincethericeexperimentbeganonJuly29,theseedlingsofthetallshootricevariety（高桿水稻品種）havereachedaheightof30centimeters.Theseedlingsofthedwarfricevariety（矮桿水稻品種）havegrownto5centimeters,ChinaDailyreportedonAug30.Whiletherehavebeenotherriceexperimentsinspace,thisoneisthefirstofitskindtoproducethecompletelifecycleofaplant—itbeginswithaseedandendswithamature（成熟的）plantproducingnewseeds.Suchfood-growingexperimentsarenotjustforastronauts.TheycanalsosolvefoodproblemsonEarth.Bysendingseedstospace,wecancreatemutated（突變的）seeds,thankstomicrogravity（微重力）,lackofairandcosmicrays（宇宙射線）.Theseedscanthenproducehigheryields（產(chǎn)量）onEarth.Formorethan30years,Chinahasdevelopedover260newtypesofseedsinspace.Theyareplantedeveryyearinfieldsthatcovertensofmillionsofhectares（公頃）.AccordingtoYaoTong,anengineerfromHainanAerospaceEngineeringBreedingResearchCenter（海南航天工程育種研發(fā)中心）,30percentofstrawberriessoldinBeijingare“spacestrawberries”,whichareasbigaseggs.Thecenterhasalsoproduced“spacetomatoes”withyieldsincreasedby30percent,and“spacebananas”withagrowthcycle（生長周期）shortenedfrom13monthsto9months.1．Howhighdidthetallshootricevarietygrowforthefirstmonth?A．5cm. B．25cm. C．30cm. D．35cm.2．Whatdoes“thisone”inParagraph3referto?A．Thedwarfricevariety. B．Thetallshootricevariety.C．ThericeexperimentonShenzhouXIV. D．Thelastriceexperimentinspace.3．Howdoesthecurrentriceexperimentdifferfromotherexperiments?A．Itsseedlingshavesuccessfullycomeup. B．Itgoesthroughacompletelifecycle.C．Itsseedlingsaregrowingverywell. D．Itusescompletelynewricevarieties.4．Whydowegrowfoodinspace?a.Tofeedastronauts.b.Tostudymicrogravity.c.ToincreaseyieldsonEarth.d.Toresearchoncosmicrays.A．a(chǎn)b B．bc C．a(chǎn)c D．bd5．Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A．Spaceplantingisbenefitingus. B．Spaceplantinghasdisadvantages.C．Peoplewillneverrunoutoffood. D．Peopleareafraidoffoodbredinspace.【答案】1．C

2．C

3．B

4．C

5．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述的是中國宇航員在神州十四號任務(wù)期間成功培育了水稻幼苗的事件，也通過例子告訴我們太空種植是有益的。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“SincethericeexperimentbeganonJuly29,theseedlingsofthetallshootricevariety（高桿水稻品種）havereachedaheightof30centimeters.”可知，高桿水稻品種的秧苗長到了30公分高。故選C。2．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Chineseastronautshavesuccessfullygrownriceseedlings（幼苗）duringtheShenzhouXIVmission.”可知，文章講述的是中國宇航員在神州十四號任務(wù)期間成功培育了水稻幼苗的事件，又根據(jù)“Whiletherehavebeenotherriceexperimentsinspace”可知，在太空中還有其它的水稻實(shí)驗(yàn)，因此“thisone”指的是在神州十四號上進(jìn)行的水稻實(shí)驗(yàn)。故選C。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whiletherehavebeenotherriceexperimentsinspace,thisoneisthefirstofitskindtoproducethecompletelifecycleofaplant—itbeginswithaseedandendswithamature（成熟的）plantproducingnewseeds.”可知，雖然在太空中也有其他水稻實(shí)驗(yàn)，但這是第一次產(chǎn)生植物的完整生命周期——從種子開始，以長成一株能產(chǎn)生新種子的植物作為結(jié)束。故選B。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Suchfood-growingexperimentsarenotjustforastronauts.TheycanalsosolvefoodproblemsonEarth.”可知，這樣的食物種植實(shí)驗(yàn)不僅僅是為了宇航員。它們還可以解決地球上的糧食問題。再根據(jù)“Theseedscanthenproducehigheryields（產(chǎn)量）onEarth.”可知，這些種子可以生產(chǎn)比在地球上更高的產(chǎn)量。因此可知，在太空種植糧食作物，一可以喂養(yǎng)宇航員，二可以提高其在地球上的產(chǎn)量。故選C。5．主旨大意題。文章最后一段舉例說明了現(xiàn)在，在北京銷售的草莓中，有30%是“太空草莓”，大小和雞蛋一樣大。該中心還生產(chǎn)了產(chǎn)量增加30%的“太空番茄”和具有生長周期的“太空香蕉”，其生長周期從13個月縮短到9個月。這些都在告訴我們，太空種植有益于我們。故選A。B（2022·安徽合肥·九年級統(tǒng)考）ShortlyaftertheShenzhouXIIIcrew（神舟十三全體組員）returnedtoEarthinApril,thedoorofTiangongspacestationopenedagain!OnJune5,itwelcomedanotherthreeChineseastronauts—ChenDong,LiuYangandCaiXuzhe.ThisisChina’sShenzhouXIVmission,theninthmannedspaceflight（載人航天飛行）forChina,accordingtoChinaDaily.Theastronautswillstay400)kilometersabovetheEarthforsixmonths.DuringtheShenzhouXIIImissiononTiangong,astronautstestedmanykeytechnologies.Thiswastohelptheproper“constructionteam（施工隊(duì)）”,theShenzhouXIVcrew,tocompletethebuildingofTiangong.Thecrewhaveabusyschedule.TheywillworkwithgroundcontrollerstoconnecttheWentianandMengtianspacelabswiththeTianhecoremodule（核心艙）.Wentianwillbelaunched（發(fā)射）inJulyandMengtianinOctober.Astronautswillusearoboticarmtomovethelabstotheirfinalposition.“Therewilllikelybetechnicaluncertaintiesthattheastronautsmayhavetodealwith,”saidPangZhihao,whoworkedattheChinaAcademyofSpaceTechnology.Oncecompleted,thestationwillformaT-shapedstructure.Thecrewwillalsoenterthetwospacelabsforthefirsttime.Theywillinstallequipment（安裝儀器）anddoscientificexperiments.Theywillalsodotwotothreespacewalks.Wecanalsolookforwardtofunlecturesgivenbytheastronauts!Whentheirmissioniscompletedaroundtheendofthisyear,theTiangongspacestationwillbecomefullyoperational.ThecrewwillmeetanotherthreeastronautsfromtheShenzhouXVmission.Thesixastronautswillworktogetherforfiveto10daysinsideTiangong,beforetheShenzhouXIVcrewflybacktoEarthinDecember.TheTiangongspacestationisexpectedtooperateforupto15years,officialssaid,notingthatitwillalsobeopentoforeignastronauts.6．WhatistheShenzhouXIVcrew’smission?A．ToobserveEarthinspaceforsixmonths.B．Topreparefortheninthmannedspaceflight.C．Totestkeytechnologiesandprepareworkforotherteams.D．TocompletethebuildingofTiangong.7．Howwillthetwospacelabsbemovedtotheirfinalposition?A．BythecrewofShenzhouXIIIandShenzhouXIV.B．ByanAIrobotsenttospace.C．Byaroboticarmcontrolledbytheastronauts.D．BygroundcontrollersusingmachinesonEarth.8．WhatdoweknowabouttheTiangongstationaccordingtothepassage?A．ItwilluseEnglishasitsofficiallanguage.B．ItisnowintheshapeofaT.C．ItwillonlybeusedforChineseastronauts.D．Itwillprobablybeusedforabout15years.9．What’stheorderofbeinglaunched?Puttheminthecorrectorder.a.ShenzhouXV

b.Wentianspace.

c.ShenzhouXIVd.Mengtianspace.

e.ShenzhouXIIIA．e-c-b-d-a B．e-c-d-b-a C．e-c-a-b-d D．e-b-c-d-a10．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ReturntoEarthAgainB．BeReadytoBuildaNewSpaceC．FlyBacktoEarthAgainD．ExpecttoWorkforSpaceStation【答案】6．D

7．C

8．D

9．A

10．D【導(dǎo)語】本文講了中國的航天發(fā)展情況，及其完成的一些任務(wù)。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thiswastohelp...theShenzhouXIVcrew,tocompletethebuildingofTiangong.”可知，神州十四號的任務(wù)主要是完成空間站組裝建造。故選D。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Astronautswillusearoboticarmtomovethelabstotheirfinalposition.（宇航員將使用機(jī)器人手臂將實(shí)驗(yàn)室移動到最終位置）”可知，宇航員使用的是機(jī)械臂。故選C。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheTiangongspacestationisexpectedtooperateforupto15years,officialssaid,notingthatitwillalsobeopentoforeignastronauts.”可知，天宮空間站預(yù)計(jì)投入使用15年。故選D。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Wentianwillbelaunched（發(fā)射）inJulyandMengtianinOctober.”可知，“問天”是7月發(fā)射，“夢天”在10月，b在d前，可排除B選項(xiàng)；再根據(jù)“ShortlyaftertheShenzhouXIIIcrew（神舟十三全體組員）returnedtoEarthinApril,”；“OnJune5,itwelcomedanotherthreeChineseastronauts—ChenDong,LiuYangandCaiXuzhe.”；“Whentheirmissioniscompletedaroundtheendofthisyear,theTiangongspacestationwillbecomefullyoperational.ThecrewwillmeetanotherthreeastronautsfromtheShenzhouXVmission.”“beforetheShenzhouXIVcrewflybacktoEarthinDecember.”可知，神舟十三號4月返回地球，神舟十四號6月5日進(jìn)行任務(wù)，神舟十五號在年底左右進(jìn)入太空。即正確的順序?yàn)閑-c-b-d-a。故選A。10．最佳標(biāo)題題。本文主要介紹了神舟十四號在太空的任務(wù)及完成任務(wù)的時間。選項(xiàng)D“期待為空間站工作”最適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選D。C（2022·山東青島·統(tǒng)考一模）Althoughvisitingouterspaceisstillafardreamforanyonewhoisn’tanastronaut,adaytriptostarsisalreadyopenforpeopletoorder!Anewcompany,SpacePerspective,isplanningtestswithpassengers.Ithasbigplanstorunupto500flightsfromdifferentplacesacrosstheUSAby2024.Ifsuccessful,reachingtheoutersideofspacecouldbeaseasyasflyingabroadinafewyears’time.SpacemenandpassengerswilltravelinNeptune,acapsule(航天艙)tiedtoahugeballoon.Theywillmoveslowlyupwardsrighttothesideofspace,30kmawayfromtheEarth.There,spacetouristswillbeabletolookbackattheEarthandouttodarkspaceandthesightofmillionsofstars.BecausethecapsuleremainswithintheEarth’satmosphere(大氣層),specialclothingortrainingisnotneeded.Itmeansthatolderpeopleorthosewithhealthproblemswillbeincluded.OneproblemmaybethemethodoflandingbackontheEarth.Theballoonmovesbackdownfromspaceuntilitfallsdowninthesea.Passengers,spacemen,thecapsuleandtheballoonarethensentbackbyship.NowNeptunefacescompetitionfromtheStratollite,aballoonbeingdevelopedbyacompanycalledWorldViewEnterprises,whilethesuper-richRichardBranson,JeffBezosandElonMuskareallpouringmoneyintodevelopingbusinessspaceflyingmachines.Theadvantageoftheballoonisthatitwillbecheaperthanaspaceplane.Spacetravelmaysoonbeareality,buthowvisitorsgetthereisstillaveryopenquestion.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“flights”inthesecondparagraphmeaninEnglish?A．Activitiesforraisingmoney. B．JourneysinaplaneorspaceshipC．Studiesonspace. D．Spacestations.12．Whydon’tpeopleneedspecialclothingortrainingwhentakingtheflights?A．TheyarewithintheEarth’satmosphere. B．Theyhaveothertoolstohelpthem.C．Theyhaven’tpaidforthetraining. D．Theycanbreathewiththehelpofspacemen.13．WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A．ThepassengersinNeptune. B．ThereasonforNeptunelandingC．ThewayofNeptunelanding. D．ThepriceoftravellinginNeptune.14．WhatcanweknowfromParagraph5?A．NeptunewillbeatStratolliteinashorttime.B．Spaceplaneswillbecheaperinthefuture.C．WorldViewEnterprisesisthebiggestcompanyintheworld.D．RichardBransonthinksspaceflyingmachineshopeful.15．Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A．Togiveanexample. B．Toletusthinkmore. C．Toshowacreativeidea. D．Togiveusmorechoices.【答案】11．B

12．A

13．C

14．D

15．B【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了太空旅行可能很快會成為現(xiàn)實(shí)，人們正在為此而做出努力。11．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Ithasbigplanstorunupto500flightsfromdifferentplacesacrosstheUSAby2024.Ifsuccessful,reachingtheoutersideofspacecouldbeaseasyasflyingabroadinafewyears’time.”可知如果計(jì)劃成功的話，到達(dá)太空的外側(cè)就像飛到國外一樣容易，故此處flight指“乘坐飛機(jī)或宇宙飛船旅行”。故選B。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“BecausethecapsuleremainswithintheEarth’satmosphere(大氣層),specialclothingortrainingisnotneeded”可知由于太空艙仍在地球大氣層內(nèi)，因此不需要特殊的衣服或訓(xùn)練。故選A。13．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“OneproblemmaybethemethodoflandingbackontheEarth...”以及本段內(nèi)容可知本段主要介紹了Neptune的登陸方式。故選C。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“whilethesuper-richRichardBranson,JeffBezosandElonMuskareallpouringmoneyintodevelopingbusinessspaceflyingmachines”可知他們都在投入資金開發(fā)商業(yè)太空飛行器，從中可推知他們認(rèn)為太空飛行器很有希望。故選D。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Spacetravelmaysoonbeareality,buthowvisitorsgetthereisstillaveryopenquestion”可知太空旅行可能很快成為現(xiàn)實(shí)，但游客如何到達(dá)那里仍然是一個懸而未決的問題，故最后一段的目的是讓讀者進(jìn)一步思考。故選B。D（2022·廣東廣州·九年級統(tǒng)考）CongratulationstotheChinaNationalSpaceAdministrationonthelaunchofthree“taikonauts”ontheirShenzhou12missiontotheTianhe(HeavenlyHarmony)spacestation.OnJune17th,2021,intheirTweetstocongratulateChinaonthelaunchofthree“taikonauts”ontheirShenzhouⅦmissiontoouterspace,boththeEuropeanSpaceAgencyandRoscosmosusedtheword“taikonauts”.WiththeGreekword“naut”,whichmeanssailor,and“taiko”,theChinesewordforspace,theword“taikonaut”isspecificallyusedforChineseastronauts.Yet“taikonauts”ismorethanjustaword.ItshistoryshowsthatofChina’sspacejourney.Startedin1992,themannedspacecraftengineering(載人航天工程)ofChinawasfarbehindtheUSAandRussiainthebeginning6yearslater,aChineseMalaysian,whouseditfirstinnewsgroups.However,backthenfewpeoplepickeduponit,asChinawasstillratherweakatthattime.Itwasnotuntil2003,whenChinasentYangLiwei,thefirsttaikonautintospacetakingtheShenzhouⅤthatthewordbecamewidelyknown.InhisspeechatPekingUniversityonFriday,Yangtoldstoriesaboutthatandsharedhowmuchisrequiredofthetaikonautstopreparethemfortheirmissions.Since1998,Chinahas34trainedtaikonauts,eachofwhomhaspassedteststhatareusuallyunimaginablydifficult.Accordingtoreports,engineersandscientists,andmustpassalotoftestbeforebecomingarealtaikonaut.Behindthesetaikonautsarehundredsofthousandsofotherworkersthatdotheirjobstogetthetaikonautsintospaceandmakecertainoftheirsafereturn.Itisthegreateffortsofeveryoneinthisprojectthathasmade“taikonauts”fromjustawordonthepaperintothereality,andallofthemshouldsharethehonorofthetaikonauts’tasks.Themeaningsofthewordwillhefurtherdevelopedandwehopemoretaikonautswillappear.16．Whenwastheword“taikonauts”firstused?A．In1992. B．In1998. C．In2003. D．In2021.17．Accordingtothepassage,whyhastheword“taikonauts”becomemoreacceptedsince2003?A．ItshowsChina’shistoryinspacescience.B．34pilotshavepassedthetestandbecomerealtaikonauts.C．PeopleuseittocongratulateChinaonthenewachievement.D．Chinahassuccessfullyorganizedmannedspacecraftengineering.18．Whichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectorder?a.Chinastartedtrainingtaikonauts.b.Chinasuccessfullysentataikonautintospace.c.Chinastartedmannedspacecraftengineering.d.ESAandRoscosmosused“taikonauts”tocongratulateChina.e.TheUSAandRussiagotsuccessinmannedspacecraftengineering.A．c-a-d-e-b B．e-c-a-b-d C．c-d-a-b-e D．e-b-a-d-c19．Wecanfindthispassageina/an________.A．a(chǎn)dvertisement B．travelguide C．sciencemagazine D．surveyreport【答案】16．B

17．D

18．B

19．C【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了“taikonaut”一詞的來歷，它的歷史證明了中國太空旅行的重要性。16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Startedin1992,themannedspacecraftengineeringofChinawasfarbehindtheUSAandRussiainthebeginning6yearslater,aChineseMalaysian,whouseditfirstinnewsgroups”可知是一位馬來西亞華人在1992年首次使用了“taikonaut”一詞。故選B。17．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Itwasnotuntil2003,whenChinasentYangLiwei,thefirsttaikonautintospacetakingtheShenzhouVthatthewordbecamewidelyknown”可推斷“taikonaut”這個詞自2003年以來才廣為人知，是因?yàn)橹袊晒Φ亟M織了載人航天工程。故選D。18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，先介紹美國和俄羅斯在載人航天工程方面取得了成功e，接著說中國啟動載人航天工程c，開始訓(xùn)練宇航員a，然后介紹中國成功地將一名宇航員送入太空b，歐空局和俄羅斯宇宙航空公司用“taikonaut”向中國表示祝賀d；可知e-c-a-b-d是正確順序。故選B。19．推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合“CongratulationstotheChinaNationalSpaceAdministrationonthelaunchofthree‘taikonauts’ontheirShenzhou12missiontotheTianhe(HeavenlyHarmony)spacestation”可知短文介紹了“taikonaut”一詞的來歷，應(yīng)該能在科學(xué)雜志讀到。故選C。E（2022·廣西南寧·九年級統(tǒng)考）LongMarch-5rockettookoffunderclearskiesfromHainanIslandonJuly23.Chinasuccessfullylaunched(發(fā)射)itsfirstMarsmissionprobe(航天控測器)Agreatcheerwentupinthecontrolroomwhentherocketwasflyingnormallyabout45minuteslater.TheMarsmissionprobenamedTianwen-1hasaccuratelyenteredthescheduled(預(yù)定的)orbitandfinallyitwillenterintoMars’orbitaroundthesun.LiuTongie,spokesmanforthemission,saidthatthelaunchwas“akeystepofChinamarchingtowardfartherdeepspace”.HesaidthatChinaisn’tcompetingwithothercountries,buttopeacefullyexploretheuniverse.“It’samazingthatanothernationhaslaunchedaprobeforMars,”saidKatarinaMiljkovic,ascientistatCurtinUniversityinAustralia.“It’smorelikethismarathonofspacethatweallwanttoberunning.”LandingonMarsisverydifficult.OnlytheUShassuccessfullydoneiteighttimessince1976.ThenameTianwen-1comesfromthepoemTianwen,meaning“questionstoheaven”,writtenbyQuYuan(about340BC-278BC),oneofthegreatestpoetsofancientChina.InTianwen,QuYuanraisedquestionsaboutthesky,stars,natureandtheworldaroundus.Itshowshisdoubtsabouttraditionalideasandthespiritoflookingforthetruth.LiketheotherMarsmissionprobes,China’sspacecraft(航天器)willtakesevenmonthstoreachtheredplanet.Tianwen-1willlookforundergroundwaterandsignsofpossibleancientlife.20．Thegreatcheerinthecontrolroommeant________.A．theLongMarch-5rockettookoffB．theMarsmissionprobeentereditsscheduledorbitC．theprobereachedtheredplanetfinallyD．thespokesmanforthemissioncamein21．AccordingtoLiuTongie,China’sspaceaimis________.A．tocompetewiththeUS B．tolookforundergroundwateronMarsC．toexplorethespacepeacefully D．tofindsignsofpossibleancientlifeonMars22．WhatdoesKatarinathinkofChina’sMarsmission?A．Itisaspacemarathon. B．Itisaverydifficultmission.C．TheUShasdoneiteighttimes. D．Itshouldbewidelyadmired.23．Whatisthefifthparagraphmainlyabout?A．WhatthepoemTianwenmeans. B．OneofthegreatestpoetsofancientChina.C．HowQuYuanraisedquestionsaboutthesky. D．WhytheMarsmissionprobeisnamedTianwen-1.【答案】20．B

21．C

22．D

23．D【分析】本文主要介紹了中國的火星探測器“天問一號”成功到達(dá)火星預(yù)定軌道的事情。20．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Agreatcheerwentupinthecontrolroomwhentherocketwasflyingnormallyabout45minuteslater.TheMarsmissionprobenamedTianwen-1hasaccuratelyenteredthescheduled(預(yù)定的)orbitandfinallyitwillenterintoMars’orbitaroundthesun.”可知火箭正常飛行時，控制室里響起了熱烈的歡呼聲。火星任務(wù)探測器已沒有任何錯誤地進(jìn)入預(yù)定軌道，最后它將進(jìn)入火星圍繞太陽的軌道?？刂剖依锏臍g呼意味著火星探測器進(jìn)入預(yù)定軌道。故選B。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HesaidthatChinaisn’tcompetingwithothercountries,buttopeacefullyexploretheuniverse.”可知他說，中國不是在與其他國家競爭，而是在和平探索宇宙。故選C。22．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容，可知科學(xué)家KatarinaMiljkovic說：“另一個國家對火星發(fā)起了一次探索，這真是太神奇了?！币虼丝芍狵atarina對于中國的火星任務(wù)感到非常贊賞，故選D。23．段落大意題。通讀全段，以及根據(jù)“ThenameTianwen-1comesfromthepoemTianwen,meaning“questionstoheaven”,writtenbyQuYuan(about340BC-278BC),oneofthegreatestpoetsofancientChina.”可知，“天問一號”的名字來源于中國古代最偉大的詩人之一屈原（約公元前340年至公元前278年）《天問》一詩?？芍谖宥沃饕榻B了為什么火星任務(wù)探測器被命名為天問一號。故選D。F（2022·福建福州·校考二模）April19th,2022AFP(法新社)ThreeChineseastronautsaboardtheShenzhou-13spacecraftreturnedtoEarthonSaturdayafter183daysinspace,endingChina’slongestcrewedmission.Livefootage(片段)fromCCTVshowedthecapsule(航天艙)landinginacloudofdust,withgroundcrewwhohadkeptclearofthelandingsiterushinginhelicopterstoreachthecapsule.Thetwomenandonewoman—ZhaiZhigang,YeGuangfuandWangYaping—returnedtoEarthshortlybefore10a.m.Beijingtime(02:00GMT),aftersixmonthsaboardtheTianhecoremoduleofChina’sTiangongspacestation.Thegroundcrewapplaudedastheastronautsreportinturnthattheywereingoodphysicalcondition.Thetrio(三人小組)waslaunchedintheShenzhou-13fromChina’snorthwesternGobiDesertlastOctober,asthesecondoffourcrewedmissionsduring2021-2022senttoassemblethecountry’sfirstpermanentspacestation—Tiangong,whichmeans“heavenlypalace.”WangbecamethefirstChinesewomantospacewalklastNovember,assheandhercolleagueZhaiinstalled(安裝)spacestationequipmentduringasix-hourperiod.MissioncommanderZhai,55,isaformerfighterpilotwhoperformedChina’sfirstspacewalkin2008,whileYeisaPeople’sLiberationArmypilot.Thetriohascompletedtwospacewalks,carriedoutlotsofscientificexperiments,setupequipmentandtestedtechnologiesforfutureconstructionduringtheirtimeinorbit(軌道).Theastronautsspentthepastfewweekstidyingupandpreparingthecabinfacilities(設(shè)備)andequipmentforthecrewoftheincomingShenzhou-14,expectedtobelaunchedinJune.24．TheShenzhou-13spacecraftreturnedtoEarth________.A．lastOctober B．endingtheworld’slongestcrewedmissionC．a(chǎn)fter183daysinspace D．a(chǎn)tChina’snorthwesternGobiDesert25．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“applauded”mean?A．到來 B．修理 C．鼓掌 D．休息26．Whatdidthetriododuringtheirtimeinorbit?①carriedoutscientificexperiments

②setupsomeequipment③testedtechnologiesforfutureconstruction

④completedthreespacewalksA．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②④27．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．WangYapingisthefirstChinesewomantogointospace.B．YeGuangfuinstalledspacestationequipmentduringtheflight.C．ZhaiZhigangwasaPLApilotwhoperformedChina’ssecondspacewalkin2008.D．ThetrioreturnedtoEarthbefore10a.m.Beijingtimeafterahalf-a-yearmission.28．Whatdoweknowfromthelastparagraph?A．AstronautswillperformspacewalksinShenzhou-14.B．ThetriowillbethecrewoftheincomingShenzhou-14.C．Shenzhou-14isgoingtobelaunchedsomedayinJune.D．IttookastronautsafewweekstodoscientificresearchinShenzhou-14.【答案】24．C

25．C

26．A

27．D

28．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道，介紹神舟十三號飛船成功返回地面一事。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ThreeChineseastronautsaboardtheShenzhou-13spacecraftreturnedtoEarthonSaturdayafter183daysinspace,endingChina’slongestcrewedmission.”可知，周六，三名乘坐神舟十三號飛船的中國宇航員在太空中度過183天后返回地球，結(jié)束了中國最長的載人任務(wù)。故選C。25．詞義猜測題。分析“Thegroundcrewapplaudedastheastronautsreportinturnthattheywereingoodphysicalcondition.”可知，當(dāng)宇航員們依次報告他們的身體狀況良好時，地面工作人員鼓掌。此處“applauded”的意思是“鼓掌”，故選C。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thetriohascompletedtwospacewalks,carriedoutlotsofscientificexperiments,setupequipmentandtestedtechnologiesforfutureconstructionduringtheirtimeinorbit.”可知，三人組已經(jīng)完成了兩次太空行走，進(jìn)行了大量的科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)，在軌道上為未來的建設(shè)搭建了設(shè)備和測試技術(shù)。故選A。27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“returnedtoEarthshortlybefore10a.m.Beijingtime(02:00GMT),aftersixmonthsaboardtheTianhecoremoduleofChina’sTiangongspacestation”可知，三人經(jīng)過半年的任務(wù)，在北京時間上午10點(diǎn)前返回地球。故選D。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheastronautsspentthepastfewweekstidyingupandpreparingthecabinfacilitiesandequipmentforthecrewoftheincomingShenzhou-14,expectedtobelaunchedinJune.”可知，神舟14號預(yù)計(jì)將于6月發(fā)射，故選C。G（2022·廣東珠?！ぶ楹Ｊ芯胖拗袑W(xué)?？既＃㏕heShenzhouXIIIwassentintospacefromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenter（酒泉衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心）onOct16.TheCenterliesinGobiDesertinthenorthwestChina.AfterallthepreparationsweresuccessfullymadeforShenzhouXIII,threeChineseastronauts,ZhaiZhigang,YeGuangfuandWangYapingenteredthecoremodule（核心艙）.WhentheShenzhouXIIIroseintothesky,peoplealloverthecountrywereveryexcited.AftersuccessfullylivinginChina’sspacestationcoremoduleTianhe,theShenzhouXIIIastronautsopenedthedooroftheTianzhou-3spaceshipandentereditat9:50a.m.(Bei