五年級(jí)上冊英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)整合版

五年級(jí)上冊英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)整合版五年級(jí)上冊英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)整合版五年級(jí)上冊英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)整合版資料僅供參考文件編號(hào)：2022年4月五年級(jí)上冊英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)整合版版本號(hào)：A修改號(hào)：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：1語法重點(diǎn).Be動(dòng)詞的用法我用am，你用are，is連接他，她，它。單數(shù)名詞用is，復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are變疑問，往前提，句末問號(hào)莫丟棄。變否定更容易，be后not莫忘記。疑問否定任你變，句首大寫莫遲疑。。2.疑問詞的用法疑問詞放句首，what什么；where哪里；when問時(shí)間；how怎樣；要問原因?yàn)槭裁?，why放句首就可以；疑問句有點(diǎn)難，勤做筆記多思考，遇問題別著急，先思考來后提問。4、關(guān)于主語前用be動(dòng)詞（am、is、are）和助動(dòng)詞（do、does）主語后是名詞、形容詞、介詞短語和動(dòng)詞-ing時(shí)，主語前用be動(dòng)詞；主語后是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原型，主語前用助動(dòng)詞。（be動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞還要根據(jù)主語和時(shí)態(tài)確定）yourmotheranEnglishteacher_______hestudyChineseatschool

What____yourparentsdo_______theysad______helooksad5、動(dòng)詞三單構(gòu)成形式，動(dòng)名詞構(gòu)成形式動(dòng)詞三單變化形式，一般詞尾加-s。s,x,sh,ch,o在詞尾，直接加上-es。teach→teachesgo→goes，“輔音字母+y“來結(jié)尾，變y為i是正規(guī)。-es后邊緊跟隨，study→studies看明白。一般情況下直接加-ing，以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的去e再加-ing，dance→dancing，以1個(gè)元音字母加1個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾時(shí)，雙寫輔音字母再加-ing.put→putting,sitting,shopping,chatting,getting,swimming,running6、have/has的用法口訣動(dòng)詞have表示“有”，位置就在主語后?！叭龁巍敝髡Z用has，其他人稱用have。7、Therebe句型用法口訣Therebe句型有特點(diǎn)，主語放在be后邊。主語單數(shù)用is，復(fù)數(shù)主語要用are。變否定，很簡單，be后要把not添。變問句也不難，把be提到there前?？隙ň渲杏胹ome，否定/疑問要用any換。9、否定句口訣（一）先看句中有無be動(dòng)詞am、is、are和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can（二）如有，就直接在am、is、are和can后加not（三）如沒有，就找實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞是原形，就在動(dòng)詞前加don’t，動(dòng)詞是三單，就在動(dòng)詞前加doesn’t，把三單還原成原形（四）I→youmy→yoursome→anytoo→either10、變一般疑問句口訣（一）先看句中有無be動(dòng)詞am、is、are和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can（二）如有，直接將be動(dòng)詞am、is、are和can提到句子開頭（三）如沒有，就找實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞是原型，開頭就用Do，動(dòng)詞是三單，開頭就用Does，記住三單要還原成原形，末尾用問號(hào)，語調(diào)用升調(diào)（四）I→youmy→yoursome→any2易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)集合名易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)集合師純手打版本1．like+動(dòng)名詞如：likeswimming2．like+名詞的復(fù)數(shù)如：likeanimals3．go+動(dòng)名詞如：goclimbing4．howmany+名詞復(fù)數(shù)如：howmanywatches5．序數(shù)詞前一定加the,如：thefirstfloor6．在幾點(diǎn)用at,如at7o’clock,在某一天或某一天的具體時(shí)間段用on,如：onSunday,onSundaymorning,直接在早上、下午或晚上用in,如：inthemorning,注意atweekends,atChristmas=onChristmasDay7．動(dòng)詞后代詞用賓格（動(dòng)賓）如：giveme,eatus8．介詞后代詞用賓格（介賓）如：withhim,toher9．wantto+動(dòng)原，wouldliketo+動(dòng)原，sorryto+動(dòng)原，it’stimeto+動(dòng)原，10．情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can后面加動(dòng)原，let后加動(dòng)原11．祈使句中動(dòng)詞用原形，否定句在句首加Don’t12．助動(dòng)詞（dodoesdon’tdoesn’t）后動(dòng)詞用原形13．形容詞加名詞（形名）如：agoodgirl一個(gè)好女孩動(dòng)詞加副詞（動(dòng)副）如：dancewell跳舞好14．some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和一般疑問句15．Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)就近原則如：Thereisateacherandsomestudentsintheclassroom.16．不可數(shù)名詞作為單數(shù)：soupwatercoffeeteamilkjuicebreadricefoodfruitchocolate17．樂器前加the,球類前不加the,(playthe樂器，play球類)如：playthepiano,playfootball18．Who當(dāng)作特殊的第三人稱單數(shù)五年級(jí)上冊英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)一、注意名詞單復(fù)數(shù):1、可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)用于:①Howmany后面;②some/any/many/alotof/two,three…后面;③these/those后面④allthe后面;⑤between后面跟一種物體時(shí),這個(gè)物體用復(fù)數(shù)⑥like后面⑦are前面的人稱和名詞用復(fù)數(shù):we/they/thechildren2、名詞復(fù)數(shù)的變化規(guī)則:1)一般直接+s:bears,students,2)以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾,加es:bus-buses,box-boxes,3)以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,把y變?yōu)閕,再加ies:library—librarieshobby---hobbiesstory---stories4)不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù):man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,foot-feet,Child-children3、不可數(shù)名詞:water,soup,milk,juice,tea,coffee,bread(面包),rice(米飯),hair等等。二、注意一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù);(注:所有否定句、疑問句中,動(dòng)詞都用原形。)1、肯定句中哪些情況下用第三人稱單數(shù):1)人稱代詞he,she,it作主語時(shí);2)單個(gè)人名、地名或稱呼作主語時(shí);3)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或"this/that/the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞"作主語時(shí);4)不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí);5)當(dāng)數(shù)字或字母作主語時(shí),等等。2、動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則如下:1)一般情況下,動(dòng)詞后面直接加s.如:works/plays/reads2)以s.x.sh.ch或o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,在后面加es.例:teach-teaches,watch-watches,do-does,go-goes3)以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,把y變?yōu)閕,再加es.例:study-studiesfly-fliescarry-carries4)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù):have—has;be—is三、人稱代詞、名詞所有格及序數(shù)詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)一二三四五一二三主格IYouHesheItweyouthey賓格MeYouHimHerItusyouthem物主代詞My我的Your你的His他的Her她的Its它的Our我們的your你們的Their他們的1例:Theyaredoctors.2、賓格用來作句中的賓語,放在動(dòng)詞或介詞的后面。本冊書上出現(xiàn)的詞組:infrontofhershowheraroundpushmeteachyouWhat’swrongwithhimwritehimaletterHere’saChristmascardforyou.Letme….chatwiththemontheInternetgiveitacake3、形容詞性物主代詞+名詞形容詞性物主代詞,之所以叫它們形容詞是因?yàn)樗麄儽仨毞旁诿~前面。4、名詞所有格作形容詞性,表示所屬關(guān)系;在人名或稱呼后加’s,以s結(jié)尾的,直接加’。如:mother’s,parents’5、序數(shù)詞first---second---third---fourth1)序數(shù)詞一般要與the連用;2)在某一層樓用介詞on。四、選擇和用所給詞適當(dāng)形式填空1、哪些情況加動(dòng)詞原形(注:有to時(shí),to跟后面的動(dòng)詞原形放在同一空格)1)wantto+動(dòng)詞原形2)wouldliketo+動(dòng)詞原形3)it’stimeto+動(dòng)詞原形4)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can+動(dòng)詞原形5)助動(dòng)詞(do,does,don’t,doesn’t)+動(dòng)詞原形6)let+動(dòng)詞原形7)祈使句中動(dòng)詞用原形(如Doyourhomework,please.)8)否定句在句首加Don’t(如Don’tdoyourhomework,please)+動(dòng)詞原形2、哪些情況加動(dòng)詞ing1)like2)go3)begoodat4)be5)后面跟名詞,如swimminglesson動(dòng)詞+ing變化規(guī)則如下:A、直接加上ing:draw-drawingplay-playingread-readingB、以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾,去e加上ingskate-skatingmake-makingdance-dancinghave-havingcome-comingwrite-writingC、以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞要雙寫尾字母,再加上ing從單詞的末尾開始往前數(shù)符合“輔音-元音-輔音”結(jié)構(gòu)的。(注:詞尾是w和y的除外,如:drawing,playing等除外);run-runningsit-sittingput-puttingchat-chattingget-gettingswim-swimmingstop-stoppingshop-shopping3.形容詞加名詞(形名)如:abeautifulgirl4.動(dòng)詞加副詞(動(dòng)副)如:swimwell5.Some和any用法:“some”一般用于肯定句,“any”用于否定句和疑問句。但在一些表示委婉請求,想得到對方肯定回答時(shí)也用“some”。(小技巧:末尾是句號(hào),句中是any,那這句型是否定句)6.Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)就近原則,be動(dòng)詞的選擇取決于緊跟在后面的名詞數(shù)量。如:Thereisateacherandsomestudentsintheclassroom.7.樂器前加the,球類前不加the.如:playthepiano,playfootball8.單數(shù)(Whosingswell)9.1)主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。2)主語+行為動(dòng)詞+其它。關(guān)鍵詞:10.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（注：主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞加s，es或輔音+y時(shí)，把y變?yōu)閕再加es；其他時(shí)候動(dòng)詞用原型）11.and前后謂語動(dòng)詞一致。指當(dāng)句子中有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的謂語動(dòng)詞共用同一個(gè)主語時(shí),一般謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。Sheoftengoesfishingandtakesphotos.Let’sgoandhavesomechicken.12、相同意思不同用法的辨析:1)有;thereis/are和have/hasthereis/are表示在某地有某物(或某人);表示存在;therebe就近原則;have/has表示某人有某物;表示所屬關(guān)系;前面必須有主語。2)也;too-either-alsotoo用于肯定句和疑問句句末;either用于否定句句末;also用于句中。3)都;both-allboth用于兩者都;all用于三者及以上都。4)好;good-wellgood+名詞;動(dòng)詞+well。5)和;with-andwith是介詞,意思是“和……一起”,后面跟名詞或代詞的賓格。and是連詞,意思是“和”,用and連接兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞或代詞作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。五、句型轉(zhuǎn)換①同義句:1.It’stimeforsth=It’stimetodosth.該是…時(shí)間了(注:for后面跟名詞;to后面跟動(dòng)詞原形)It’stimefordinner.=It’stimetohavedinner.2.Whattimeisit=What’sthetime幾點(diǎn)呢3.Thereis(are)no…(s)…=Thereisn’t/aren’tany…沒有…4.haveno…=don’thave(any)沒有…Theyhavenolegsorarms.=Theydon’thaveanylegsorarms.5.hasno=doesn’thave(any)沒有…6.Ilikepicnics.=Ilikehavingpicnics.{注:like后面跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)或動(dòng)名詞(動(dòng)詞+ing)}7.showsth(某物)tosb(某人)=showsb(某物)sth(某人)向…展示…東西8.givesth(某物)tosb(某人)=givesb(某物)sth(某人)給…人…東西9.Whatalovelyant!=Howlovelytheantis!多么可愛的螞蟻啊10.ThatisJan’sumbrella.=ThatumbrellaisJan’s.那是杰的傘11.What’swrongwithhim=What’sthematterwithhim他怎么了②否定句1、有be動(dòng)詞(am,is,are),be后直接加not(amnot/isnot=isn’t/arenot=aren’t);2、有can,can后直接加not(cannot=can’t);3、只有動(dòng)詞,在動(dòng)詞原形前加don’t;三單動(dòng)詞前加doesn’t,動(dòng)詞變回原形。Hedoeshishomework.(改成否定句)Hedoesn’tdohishomework.③一般疑問句:用Yes或No回答的句子1、有be動(dòng)詞,be動(dòng)詞提前;2、有can或would,can或would提前;3、只有動(dòng)詞,句首加Do/Does,動(dòng)詞用原形;注意:I’m變Areyou;some變any;my變your;and變or.④特殊疑問句:有特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句Therebe句型提問:1、對數(shù)量提問:1)Howmany+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+arethere+介詞短語?(注:對therebe后面可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量提問時(shí),無論主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),都用復(fù)數(shù)形式提問)例:Thereare24classroomsinourschool/Thereisonlyoneclassroominourschool(對劃線部分提問)Howmanyclassroomsarethereinourschool(注:上面兩句提問,都是這句子)2)Howmuch+不可數(shù)名詞+isthere+介詞短語?例:Thereissomemilkintheglass.(對劃線部分提問)Howmuchmilkisthereintheglass?2、對主語提問therebe針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:What’s+介詞短語?(注:對therebe后面的主語提問時(shí),無論主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),都用What’s提問)例:Therearesixbooksonthedesk./Thereisabookonthedesk.(對劃線部分提問)What’sonthedesk(注:上面兩句提問,都是這句子)⑤感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu):感嘆句常用how或what來引導(dǎo)(1)what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句,最終修飾的是名詞(2)how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句,最終修飾的是形容詞/副詞Whatalovelyant!=Howlovelytheantis!多么可愛的螞蟻啊!對劃線提問,疑問詞:What問什么;Whatcolour問顏色;Whattime問具體時(shí)間(如幾點(diǎn)鐘);when問范圍廣的時(shí)間;where問在哪里;Howold問年齡;howmany問數(shù)量(可數(shù)名詞);howmuch1)問數(shù)量(不可數(shù)名詞),2)問價(jià)錢;howabout問怎樣;who問誰(人);whose問誰的東西(問主人);同音詞:B—be—bee,C—see—sea,R—are,T—tea,U—you,Y—why,I-eye,too-two-to,four—for,here—hear,there—their,right—write,sun—son,no—know,pair—pear,it’s—its,buy—by—bye,hi—high,wear—where,aren’t—aunt,who’s—whose,近義詞(或同義詞):Many—lotsof—alotof,desk—table,like—love,tall—highnear—beside,too—also,listen—hear,look—see,class—lesson,glass—cup,home—house,beautiful—pretty,usually—often,hi—hello,speak—say—talk,river—lake,wouldlike—want,gohome—comehome反義詞(或?qū)?yīng)詞):yes—no,this—that,these—those,here—there,go—come,open—close,big—small,fat—thin,tall—short,long—short,black—white,happy—sad,hot—cold,cool—warm,soft—hard,on—under,infrontof—behind,in—out,boy—girl,man—woman,wrong—right,down—up,sit—stand,easy—difficult,takeoff(脫下)—puton(穿上)完整形式:I’m—Iam,we’re—weare,you’re—youare,he’s—heis,it’s—itis,there’s—thereis,isn’t—isnotwho’s—whois,Let’s—letus,I’d—Iwould,can’t—cannot,don’t—donot,doesn’t—doesnot特殊的名詞復(fù)數(shù):man—men,woman—women,policeman—policemen,child—children,foot—feet,fish—fish,people—people,Chinese-Chinese三單動(dòng)詞變化:特殊的:do---does;go--goes;have--has;teach—teaches;watch--watches;wash--washes;push--pushes;brush--brushes;catch--catches;study--studies;fly--flies;其余的直接加s.動(dòng)詞變名詞:A.一般情況下在動(dòng)詞后面直接加er。teach-teacher,work—worker,play—player,sing—singer,find—finderB.以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞直接加r。write—writer,drive—driver,come—comer,dance—dancerC.符合重