專題04it作形式主語和形式賓語（知識講解題型練習）原卷版

專題04it作形式主語和形式賓語復習考點聚焦：核心考點+小考考點，有的放矢重點速記：知識點和關鍵點梳理，查漏補缺難點強化：難點內容標注與講解，能力提升學以致用：真題感知+提升專練，全面突破it作形式主語2.it作形式賓語考點一考點一it作形式主語當主語部分相對于謂語部分而言太長時，常把主語部分移到句尾，在主語的位置放上it。it沒有具體的意義，僅用于使句子顯得平穩(wěn)，不頭重腳輕。it作形式主語時常代替三種語法結構：不定式(短語)、v.-ing(短語)和從句。一、it代替不定式(短語)作形式主語1．It＋be＋名詞/名詞詞組＋todosth.，這類名詞有one’sturn/duty/pleasure,apity,ahabit,apleasure,afact,arule,time,ashame,nowonder等。Itisyourturntoreadthetext.輪到你讀課文了。Itisnotagoodhabittostayuptoolate.睡得太遲不是個好習慣。2．It＋be＋形容詞＋(forsb.)＋todosth.,這類形容詞用來描述不定式行為本身的性質有hard,natural,impossible,necessary,wrong,right,important,difficult,easy等。Itisimportanttopayyourelectricitybillontime,aslatepaymentsmayaffectyourcredit.按時交電費很重要，因為晚交電費可能會影響你的信譽。Itisnecessaryforyoutobefullyawareofyourownshortings.充分認識自己的缺點是很必要的。3．It＋be＋形容詞＋ofsb.＋todosth.，這類形容詞用來描述不定式行為者的性格、品行等時，不定式前?？杉右粋€由of引起的短語。這類句型所涉及的常用形容詞有brave,careless,honest,modest,rude,silly,stupid,wise,wrong,foolish,kind,good,polite,selfish等。Itwasfoolishofyoutobehavelikethat.你那種表現(xiàn)真是太蠢了。It’sverykindofyoutohelpme.你幫助我正好。4．It＋takes＋sb.＋時間或金錢＋todosth.表示某人花了多少時間或金錢做某事。其中it是形式主語，代替后面的不定式，句中的sb.也可省略。Ittakesmeanhourtowalkthereandback.我步行一個來回用一個小時。IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.成千上萬的人花了很多年才建成了長城。5.It+costs+sb.+金錢+todosth.表示某人花費多少錢去做某事。Itcostme$1000tobuytheputer.這臺電腦花了我1000美元。6.It’suptosb.todosth.應由某人負責做某事Itisuptoyoutomaketheplan.應該由你來制定這個計劃?！究键c再現(xiàn)】單句語法填空(1)Itisnecessaryforhighschoolstudents(learn)anotherforeignlanguage.(2)Fromtheteacher’spatientexplanation,Ihavelearntwhatabigresponsibilityistoeducateus.(3)It'scleveryoutoworkoutthemathsproblem.(4)Iknow______isimportanttoknowmyownlimitations,butwhatisdifficultistohelpotherstoknowtheirownlimitations.二、it代替v.-ing(短語)作形式主語It＋be＋名詞/名詞詞組＋doingsth.，這類名詞有(no)good、(no)use、(no)time、awasteoftime、fun等。Thedoctortoldusthatitisnogoodeatingtoomuchmeat.醫(yī)生告訴我們吃太多的肉沒有好處。Itisnousegivinghimsomeadvice.給他提建議是沒用的。Itisnogoodlivingalonewithoutkeepingintouchwithothers.獨居而不和別人來往沒有好處。Itisawasteoftimetryingtopersuadehimtochangehismind.試圖說服他改變主意是在浪費時間?！究键c再現(xiàn)】單句語法填空(1)AsfarasI'mconcerned,it'snouse(argue)withhim,hewon'tchangehismind.(2)It'sawasteoftime(reason)withhim.三、it代替從句作形式主語用it作形式主語的結構主要用于下列句型：1．It＋be＋名詞＋從句，這類名詞有afact、asurprise、anhonor、apity、awonder、monknowledge等。ItisapitythatIdidn’tthinkofitearlier.真是遺憾我沒有早一點這么想。Itismonknowledgethatthefullmoonbringsfairweather.皓月兆天晴，這是常識。Itisasurprisethatyougavesuchananswertothequestion.你對這個問題作了這樣的回答，真令人吃驚。2．It＋be＋形容詞＋從句，這類形容詞有natural、true、strange、necessary、important、obvious、certain、wonderful、funny、possible、likely、probable等。Itisnecessarythattheworkshouldbedonewell.這項工作應該被很好地完成，這一點是必要地。Itiscertainthatfreemedicalcarewillbegiventomostpeopleinourcity.我們城市的大多數(shù)人將享受免費醫(yī)療，這是肯定的。Itisprobablethathehasknowneverything.很可能他已經知道了一切。3．It＋動詞＋從句，這類動詞有seem、happen、appear、look、matter、make、strike、occur(突然想起)，turnout等。Ithappenedthattheticketsweresoldout.碰巧票都賣光了。Itoccurredtoherthatshemightadoptahomelesschild.她突然想到她可以收養(yǎng)一個無家可歸的孩子。Itappearedthathehadatasteformusic.看來他對音樂有一定的鑒賞力。Itturnsoutthatthesituationisquiteserious.結果表明情況很嚴峻。4．It＋be＋分詞＋從句，這類分詞有said、reported、believed、known、decided、proved、thought、expected、announced、arranged、amusing、puzzling、striking等。ItissaidthatLiHaohasbeentoEurope.據說李昊去過歐洲。Itwasamusingthatarabbitranoutoftheemptyboxonthedesk.桌上的空盒子里竟然跑出來一只兔子，太有趣了?！究键c再現(xiàn)】(1)令人驚訝的是他一直輸還一直賭。_____________________hecontinuestogamblewhenhealwaysloses!(2)真奇怪，他沒說一聲就走了。_____________________heleftwithouttellingus.(3)有人請他在聚會上表演一個節(jié)目。Itisrequestedthathe_________________________attheparty.(4)我忽然想起我知道怎樣解決那個問題。___________________________Iknewhowtosolvethatproblem.考點二考點二it作形式賓語當動詞不定式(短語)、v.-ing(短語)或從句作賓語時，為了保持句子結構的平衡，常用it作形式賓語，而將真正的賓語后置。一、代詞it后接賓語補足語1．動詞十it＋賓語補足語十不定式Theyconsidereditimportanttohavetheworkdoneontime.他們認為按時完成這項工作很重要。IfounditimportanttolearnspokenEnglish.我發(fā)現(xiàn)學習英語口語很重要。2．動詞十it＋賓語補足語十動名詞Hethoughtitnousetryingtoconvincethem.他認為企圖說服他們沒有用。3．動詞＋it＋賓語補足語十從句Ithinkitnecessarythatyoustudyhard.我認為你努力學習是必要的?！究键c再現(xiàn)】單句語法填空(1)Hemakesitarulenever（borrow）moneyfromothers.(2)Ithinkitnogood(spend)toomuchtimewatchingTV.(3)IwanttomakeclearthatIdidn'tstealhispen.二、代詞it后不接賓語補足語1．動詞＋it＋that/when/if從句能用于此結構的動詞常見的有have、take、put、like、dislike、love、hate、appreciate等。Ilikeitthatyoucame.你來了，我很高興。Rumorhasitthatthedefenceministerwillsoonresign.據傳聞，國防部長不久就要辭職。Wereallyappreciateitwhensheofferedtohelp.她來幫忙了，我們十分感激。2．動詞＋介詞＋it＋that從句能用于此結構的“動詞＋介詞”常見的有seeto、lookto、insiston、stickto、dependon、relyon、answerfor等。Seetoitthatyou'renotlateagain.務必不要再遲到。Looktoitthatthisdoesn'thappenagain.注意不要再發(fā)生這種事。3．動詞十it＋介詞短語＋that從句能用于此結構的“動詞＋it＋介詞短語”常見的有takeitforgranted、bringittoone'sattention、oweittosb.等。IoweittoyouthatIamstillalive.多虧有你我還活著。Itookitforgrantedthathewouldhelpus.我認為他幫助我們是理所應當?shù)?。【考點再現(xiàn)】完成句子(1)我討厭他一邊吃一邊說話。Iwithhismouthfull.(2)如果你能提前告訴我你是否會來，我將不勝感激。Iinadvancewhetherornotyouwille.(3)你不可以相信他們會做大量的工作。Youcannottheywilldoloadsofwork.單項選擇1．________isknowntousallthattheoldworker,________lifewashardinthepast,stillworkshardinhisseventies.A．As;which B．It;which C．As;whose D．It;whose2．Itisstrongly______byexpertsthatteenagersdoexerciseforanhoureveryday.A．remendation B．remends C．remended D．remending3．_________surprisedthewholeworldthatYuanLongpinghadrealisedhisdreamofdevelopingseawaterrice.A．That B．It C．What D．Which4．_________iswellknowntoallthatthe33rdSummerOlympicGameswasheldinParis.A．As B．What C．That D．It5．__________isreportedthatthewaypeoplespendtheirholidayhaschangedalotinthepastfiveyears.A．What B．It C．Which D．As6．_________wasknowntousallthatJohnfellintothecondition_________hisheartdisqualifiedhimformilitaryservice.A．As;which B．What;that C．It;where D．It;that7．isourdutytomakeourcountrybetterandstronger.A．It B．This C．That D．One8．______iswidelyacknowledgedthatputershavebeeavitalpartofoursociety.A．As B．It C．What D．Which9．Itisnotunusualforteenagersofyourgeneration________toputergamesandtheonlineworld.A．tobeattracted B．attracted C．beingattracted D．toattract10．______remainstobeseen______shewillbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals.A．What;that B．It;whether C．What;if D．That;whether11．________hasbeenreportedthat76percentofemployeesinsomewesterncountriesareusingemojisatwork.A．It B．What C．As D．Who12．______wasobvious______themanagerofthecoffeeshopwaswaitingforLiFangtoleave.A．This;that B．It;when C．That;that D．It;that13．______isknowntoallthatthegunpowderwasfirstinventedbytheChinese.A．As B．Which C．It D．What14．Thereissomedoubt______ProfessorSmithcanmakeittotheconference.______issaidthathisflighthasbeencanceledbecauseoftheheavysnow.A．that;It B．that;That C．whether;It D．whether;That15．______iswellknownthatChinesehasthelargestnumberofnativespeakers.A．This B．What C．It D．That16．________isverydangerousto________theseviruseswithoutanyprotection.A．That;exposeto B．That;beexposedto C．It;exposeto D．It;beexposedto17．Itissuggested________,insteadofplainingalldaylong,Louisethinkofthecontributorswhohavehelpedhersurvive.A．which B．/ C．that D．what18．Itwasunbelievable________hedesignedwentbeyondtheexpectationsofeveryoneintheroom.A．that B．thatwhat C．what D．whatthat19．________isnotdifficult________people________andfindajobinourcity.A．That…of…tosettledown B．It…for…tosettledownC．That…for…settlingdown D．It…of…settlingdown20．________hasbeenknownforsometimethatplantsusechemicalstomunicatewitheachother.A．What B．That C．As D．It21．Wefound______difficulttoconnectsentencestogetheranddevelopaparagraph.A．that B．it C．them D．us22．Shoppingappshavemade______moreandmoreconvenientforpeopletodoshoppingonline.A．that B．them C．those D．it23．Thehighspeedrailwaywillmakeiteasierforpeople________around.A．travel B．travelling C．totravel D．travelled24．Susanmade______cleartome______shewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.A．it...what B．that…what C．it...that D．her...that25．Theyaskedthegovernmenttomake________cleartothepublic________theydidwasright.A．it;that B．it;what C．that;what D．this;that26．——Youarelateagain.——Sorry,Ifind________difficulttoaccustommyselftogettingupearlyonSunday.A．that B．one C．it D．how27．Somestudentsfind______veryhard______intheearlymorning.A．is,togetup B．that,getup C．it,togetup D．it’s,getsup28．Expertsfelt________necessarytoeupwithasolutiontotheseriousproblem.A．/ B．this C．it D．that29．MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,making______easierforpeopletotraveleverywhere.A．that B．what C．it D．which30．Thelatestreportmade__________clearthatclimatechangewillinfluencethepoorestcountriesmoststrongly.A．one B．what C．it D．this單句語法填空1．Athletesmakeanhonourtowinmedalsfortheirnation.2．HighpricesintheUKmakeworthwhileforbuyerstolookabroad.3．Theywanttomakeclearthatlanguageisanimportanttool.4．AsthebusiestwomaninNorton,shemadeherdutytolookafteralltheotherpeople’saffairsinthattown.5．Wecanrelyonthatthegallerywillprovideexcellentmarketingfortheevent.6．Itakeforgrantedthatparentsshoulddoeverythingforme.7．Ithinknecessarytobansmokinginrestaurantsandcafés.8．Weallfinditimportantweshouldmakeaquickdecisionaboutthismatter.9．Ithinkessentialforustoappealtosomeoneforhelpwhennecessary.10．Thefactyouhaveapassionforyourideawillmakemucheasiertomotivateyourself.11．YoungpeopletodaymayfinddifficulttobeaccustomedtolifewithouttheInternet.12．Peoplehatewhenyoudon’tsaywhatyoumean.13．Asamatteroffact,I’dappreciateifyoucouldmakesomementsonmywork.14．Lotsofpeoplefindhardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblameonthealarmclock.15．Heseemedtomakehishonourtoholdbackthetears.16．Healsosaidroadsaren’tdesignedtomakesafeforbicycliststosharetheroadwithcars.17．MillionsoftouriststraveltoUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteseveryyear,soitisonlynaturalthesitessufferabitofwearandtear.18．isacknowledgedthatwealthdoesn'tnecessarilyboosthappiness.19．issaidthatdogsavoidingthebeachmaybeasignthatatsunamiisapproaching.20．isnowonderyoucan’tsleepwhenyoueatsomuch.21．However,itislikelyNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.22．AstherehavebeensomanydifferentstylesofWesternart,isimpossibletodescribethemallinashorttext.23．hasbeenannouncedthatweshallhaveourfinalexamnextmonth.24．Ithinkapointthatmanypeoplelosesightofishoweasycanbetofallbehindschedule.25．iswellknownthatChinaisrichinnaturalresources.26．Traditionalwoodblockprintingcanbedividedintofourmajorsteps:writing,engraving,printing,andbinding.Witheachstepthensubdividedintoseveralprocedures,takesroughly30stepstoproduceawoodblockprint.27．isnowonderthathefailedtheexam.28．isimpossibleforustofinishthedesignbeforeNationalDay.29．isestimatedthat1.3billionpeoplewilluseEnglishasei