3稿 動機和運動心理學課件

3稿動機和運動心理學Applymotivationalpsychologytoprovideguidanceonexercise(鍛煉)behaviourandchangetomeethealthandfitnessgoals3稿動機和運動心理學LearingtargetPart1:changepeople’sexercisebehaviourattitude

Part2:Implementstrategiestoimproveclientexerciseadherence

3稿動機和運動心理學Howdoyouspendyourfreetime?

Swimming?Playingfootball?Dancing?WatchingTV?Playingvideogames?Playinginthepark?Part1:changepeople’sexercisebehaviourattitude3稿動機和運動心理學Doyouoftentakeexercise?Whatisthereason?3稿動機和運動心理學Barrierstoexercise

lackoftime(沒有時間）lackofenergy（沒有精力）lackofmotivation（沒有動機）excessivecost（費錢）illnessorinjury（容易受傷）feelinguncomfortable（不舒服，累）lackofskill（缺少技能）fearofinjury（害怕受傷）fearofsafety（擔心安全）lackofchildcare（不能照顧孩子）insufficientaccess（很難學）lackofsupport（缺少支持）lackoftransportation.（交通不便）3稿動機和運動心理學supportstoexerciseHealtyMakefriendsEnjoyment3稿動機和運動心理學MoreBenefitsBenefitsofExercise

(鍛煉的好處！)

Exerciseispanacea[英][?p?n??si:?]

靈丹妙藥Psychological(心理上)Enhanceself-esteem(增強自尊)Loweranxietyandstress(降低焦慮和壓力)Improvethelearningachievement（提高學習成績）Reduceviolence（減少暴力）Adjunctivetreatmentforclinicaldisorder(聯(lián)合對抗臨床心理問題)Improvecognitivefunctioning(提高認知功能)3稿動機和運動心理學Physical(生理上）ControlWeight/減重（體重控制，不會增肥）Reducechronicdiseases降低慢性病Strengthenimmune[i?mju:n]

system增強免疫功能3稿動機和運動心理學OvercomingDepression(Babyaketal.2000)156patientswithMajorDepressiveDisorder（156個重度抑郁癥患者）Threegroups(exercise,medicine,exercise*medicine)（3組：鍛煉組，服藥組，鍛煉*服藥）Exercise:Thirtyminutesthreetimes/week（鍛煉：30min，3次/周）Anti-depressant:Sertraline：Zoloft（抗抑郁藥：左洛復）3稿動機和運動心理學OvercomingDepression(Babyaketal.2000)Outcome(結果)：Studyonrelapserate(復發(fā)率調(diào)查)

after16weeks（

16周后）Allthreegroupsimproved(>60%)所有3組，精神狀態(tài)全部改善（>60%)Nosignificantdifferencesamonggroups(三組之間沒有顯著差異)10monthsfollow-up，(10個月后，復發(fā)率調(diào)查)Relapsemedication:38%(服藥組：38%)Relapsemedication*exercise:31%（服藥*鍛煉組：31%）Relapseexercise:9%（鍛煉組：9%）3稿動機和運動心理學Exercise:TheUnsungHeroInaway,exercisecanbethoughtofasapsychiatrist’sdreamtreatment.Itworksonanxiety,onpanicdisorder,andonstressingeneral,whichhasalottodowithdepression.Anditgeneratesthereleaseofneurotransmitters[tr?nz?mit?z]

—norepinephrine,[?n??repi?nefrin]

serotonin,anddopamine[?d??p??mi:n]

—thatareverysimilartoourmostimportantpsychiatric[?saiki??trik]

medicines.HavingaboutofexerciseisliketakingalittlebitofProzacandalittlebitofRitalin,rightwhereitissupposedtogo.”

JohnRatey在某種程度上，鍛煉可以被認為是精神科醫(yī)生的夢想療法。鍛煉能夠治療焦慮，驚恐發(fā)作，普遍的焦慮，而且對抑郁也非常有效。鍛煉可以釋放神經(jīng)遞質—去甲腎上腺素，五羥色胺，多巴胺—這些在我們的精神科藥物治療里面起重要作用的物質。擁有一定量的鍛煉，就象吃了點百憂解，或者利他林（兩個都是抗抑郁藥），對了，就應該這么做！

3稿動機和運動心理學exercise鍛煉3稿動機和運動心理學Whatisexercise?3稿動機和運動心理學Run/Jog3稿動機和運動心理學Sports/Games3稿動機和運動心理學Dance3稿動機和運動心理學StayActive!push-upyoga

3稿動機和運動心理學Exercisecharacteristics‘Exercise’is:-Aerobic-StrengthChestandStomach(core)3稿動機和運動心理學1.Cooking:Exerciseornot?

2.PlayingInstruments:Exerciseornot?

3.Cleaning:Exerciseornot?3稿動機和運動心理學SummaryHealthyexerciseincludes:AerobicStrengtheningChestandstomach(core)3稿動機和運動心理學ConclusionExerciseisimportantforanindividual

tostayhealthywetherinPsychologicalorPhysicalaspect.3稿動機和運動心理學Part2:howtoimproveclientexerciseadherence3稿動機和運動心理學Part2.UsemotivationalpsychologytoimproveclientexerciseadherenceStep1:findtheclient’srealneedStep2:findsuitableexercisetosatisfyclient’sneedStep3:useStrategiestohelppeopletakeexerciseregularly3稿動機和運動心理學Maslow'sPyramid[?pir?mid]

ofNeedsHeirarchy[?hai?rɑ:ki]

ofNeedsbasicneedshavetobesatisfiedbeforepeoplecanbecomeself-actualizedStep1:findtheclient’srealneed3稿動機和運動心理學1.PhysiologicalNeeds(生理需要):Air,water,food,clothing,housing,medicalcare,sexualdesire(空氣、水、吃飯、穿衣、性欲、住宅、醫(yī)療)2.SafetyNeeds(安全需要):Laborsafety,occupationsafety,stablelife,escapefromdisaster(勞動安全、職業(yè)安全、生活穩(wěn)定、希望免于災難)3.Belongingness&LoveNeeds(歸屬和愛的需要):Family,friends,colleagues,community’scare,understandingandsupport(家庭、團體、朋友、同事的關懷愛護理解)4.EsteemNeeds(自尊需要):Selfrespectandrespectfromothers(自我尊重以及他人的尊重)5.Self-ActualizationNeed(自我實現(xiàn)的需要)：developtheirpotentialability,tobethedesiredperson.3稿動機和運動心理學Step2:findsuitableexercisetosatisfyclient’sneed

forexample:oldpeople(老人),seniorexecutives(高級管理人員),Front-lineworkers(一線勞動工人),Middle-agedwomen(中年婦女)3稿動機和運動心理學Step3:Strategiestohelppeopletakeexerciseregularlyprompts.提示Contracting合約perceivedchoice主觀選擇Reinforcement強化feedback反饋rewards獎勵selfmonitoring自我監(jiān)控goalsetting目標設定socialsupport社會支持decisionbalancesheet決策表physicalsetting物理環(huán)境exercisevariety多種鍛煉方式minimiseddiscomfortandinjury盡量減少不適和損傷grouptraining團體培訓Enjoyment快樂periodicfitnessandhealthassessment周期性的健身和健康評估progresscharts進度圖表3稿動機和運動心理學Groupdiscussion1

Scene1YourclientisaMiddle-agedwoman.Sheisverybusywithwork.Inhersparetime,shehadtotakecareofherchildof7-yearsold.Recently,herweighthasincreasedveryquickly.Shefeltthatshewasgrowingolderandolder．questions１．whatkindsofneedsdoesthewomanhave?(ApplyMaslow'sPyramidofNeedstheorytoanalysethecase)2.whatkindsofexercisearesuitableforher?

3.whatkindsofstrategieswillyouusetoimproveclientexerciseadherence(幫助她堅持鍛煉的方法有哪些？)3稿動機和運動心理學

Groupdiscussion2

Scene2

Yourclientaresecuritycompanystaff.Mostofthemcamefromcountryside.Theyareyoung.Theirjobisdullandboring.Theyneedtostandallthetime.

questions１．whatkindsofneedsdostaffhave?(ApplyMaslow'sPyramidofNeedstheorytoanalysethecase)

2.whatkindsofexercisesaresuitableforthem?

3.whatkindsofstrategieswillyouusetoimproveclientexerciseadherence(幫助她堅持鍛煉的方法有哪些？)3稿動機和運動心理學

Groupdiscussion3Scene3

Yourclientisａseniorexecutive.HeisasuccessfulMiddle-agedman.Heisverybusywithwork.Hefeelverytiredeveryday.Hisbloodpressureisveryhighandheartisnotgood.Questions:1.whatkindsofneedsdostaffhave?(ApplyMaslow'sPyramidofNeedstheorytoanalysethecase)2.whatkindsofexercisesaresuitableforthem?3.whatkindsofstrategieswillyouusetoimproveclientexerciseadherence(幫助她堅持鍛煉的方法有哪些？)3稿動機和運動心理學Groupdiscussion4Scene4YourclientisaMid