重慶市第十一中學2024-2025學年高三上學期11月考試英語試題

重慶市第十一中學校教育集團高2025屆高三英語試題2024.11注意事項：1.本試卷滿分為150分，考試時間為120分鐘。2.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、班級、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。3.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。4.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whereisthewomanprobablyfrom?A.Peru.B.Britain.C.Mexico.2.Whatwillthemandotonight?A.Attendaparty.B.Replytoaninvitation.C.Playfootball.3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofheroldroommate?A.Selfish.B.Thoughtful.C.Careful.4.Whatshouldthecitydoaccordingtothewoman?A.Createmorejobs.B.Improvetheairquality.C.Closesomebusinesses.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirdailyroutine.B.Theirdormitory.C.Theweather.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Howdoesthewomansuggestthemangethome?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Bytaxi.7.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Atabusstation.C.Atarestaurant.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whyisthemanatthesupermarkettoday?A.Todosomeshopping.B.Tocarryoutasurvey.C.Tomeettheowner.9.Whatchangedidtheownermaketothesupermarketlastyear?A.Thelocation.B.Thename.C.Themanager.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Borrowingatent.B.Returningatent.C.Packingatent.11.Whatisthewoman’smotivationforclimbing?A.Togetclosetonature.B.Tohavefun.C.Toimproveherfitness.12.Wherewillthespeakersclimbtogether?A.Inthewild.B.Ataclimbingcenter.C.Atagym.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthewoman’sopinionabout/herideaoftheonlinebusiness?A.It’sunique.B.It’spractical.C.It’schallenging.14.Whywillthewomancontactartists?A.Toseetheirworks.B.Tolookforinspiration.C.Todobusinesswiththem.15.Whatwillthewomandoforlargeorders?A.Offerfreedelivery.B.Chargeasmallfee.C.Giveadiscount.16.Whatisspecialaboutthepackaging?A.It’sluxury.B.It’sofgoodquality.C.It’senvironmentallyfriendly.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Wherearedrinksservedallday?A.Inthecafe.B.Inthediningroom.C.Bytheswimmingpool.18.Whatwillthelistenersprobablydoaround1p.m.?A.Havelunch.B.Goswimming.C.Attendaconference.19.Whatdoesthespeakerapologizefor?A.Theupdatedprogram.B.Thehightemperature.C.Thelatelunch.20.Whydoestheconferenceprogramhavetobechanged?A.Someroomsarebeingrepaired.B.TheGeneralManagercan’te.C.Aspeakerisn’tabletogivehertalk.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWhat’sonBluedotJodrellBankObservatory,Cheshire,2124JulyBluedotreturnsforfourdaysofmusic,artandspacescience.AmongthetreatsaretalksbyphysicistJimAIKhalili,astronautTimPeake,spacescientistMonicaGradyandBBCSkyatNight’sChrisLintott,alongsideabillofstandupedy,artandmusicbythelikesofBjorkandGrooveArmada.Daytickets￡35/visitor,weekendtickets￡179/visitor.LateNightExplorerKielderObservatory,Northumberland,weekends,11:30pmWonderattheMoon,planetsandgalaxiesundertheguidanceofexpertastronomers,andusetheobservatory’shighqualitytelescopes.Alsoenjoyalogburningstove(爐子)andahotchocolate.￡46/visitor.HerscheltoHawkwindObservatoryScienceCentre,Herstmonceux,2July,7:30pmRockguitaristandastronomerWilliamgivesanentertainingtalkthatexplorestheconnectionbetweenmusicandthesky,includinglivemusicandasingalong.￡16/adult;￡13/child.CraigTelescopeTalkBredhurstVillageHall,Gillingham,29July,8pmGregSmyeRumsbybringstolifethestoryoftheCraigtelescope,forabrieftimeinthemid19thcenturythelargestrefractingtelescope(折射望遠鏡)intheworld.Wasthisstrangeinstrumentjustanexpensivefolly?￡18/visitor;￡24withfood.1.WhatmightBjorkdoforvisitorsduring2124July?A.Servethemahotchocolate. B.Entertainthemwithmusic.C.Givealectureontheuniverse. D.Discusshowmusicrelatestothesky.2.HowmuchshouldayoungcouplepayforWilliam’stalk?A.￡13. B.￡16. C.￡26. D.￡32.3.Whereshouldvisitorsgoifthey’dliketolearnabouttheCraigtelescope?A.ObservatoryScienceCentre. B.JodrellBankObservatory.C.BredhurstVillageHall. D.KielderObservatory.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹最近的一些活動?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章Bluedot中“JodrellBankObservatory,Cheshire,2124July(喬德雷爾銀行天文臺，柴郡，7月21日至24日)”以及“Bluedotreturnsforfourdaysofmusic,artandspacescience.AmongthetreatsaretalksbyphysicistJimAIKhalili,astronautTimPeake,spacescientistMonicaGradyandBBCSkyatNight'sChrisLintott,alongsideabillofstandupedy,artandmusicbythelikesofBjorkandGrooveArmada.Daytickets￡35/visitor,weekendtickets￡179/visitor.(Bluedot將回歸四天的音樂、藝術和空間科學課程。其中包括物理學家JimAIKhalili、宇航員TimPeake、太空科學家MonicaGrady和BBCSkyatNight的ChrisLintott的演講，以及Bjork和GrooveArmada等的單口喜劇、藝術和音樂。日票￡35/游客，周末門票￡179/訪客。)”可知，Bjork將會對參觀者提供音樂。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章HerscheltoHawkwind中“RockguitaristandastronomerWilliamgivesanentertainingtalkthatexplorestheconnectionbetweenmusicandthesky,includinglivemusicandasingalong.￡16/adult;￡13/child.(搖滾吉他手兼天文學家威廉會發(fā)表一場有趣的演講，探討音樂與天空之間的聯(lián)系，包括現(xiàn)場音樂和合唱。￡16/成年人；￡13/兒童。)”可知，一對夫妻參加威廉的演講需要支付￡32。故選D項。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由CraigTelescopeTalk中“BredhurstVillageHall,Gillingham,29July,8pm(7月29日，晚上8點，吉林厄姆BredhurstVillageHall)”和“GregSmyeRumsbybringstolifethestoryoftheCraigtelescope,forabrieftimeinthemid19thcenturythelargestrefractingtelescope(折射望遠鏡)intheworld.(GregSmyeRumsby生動地講述了Craig望遠鏡的故事，該望遠鏡在19世紀中期曾短暫成為世界上最大的折射望遠鏡。)”可知，想了解Craig望遠鏡可以去BredhurstVillageHall。故選C項。BThehanddrawnposterskeptcatchingAviramCohen’seyeashewalkedaroundhisneighborhoodinQueens,N.Y.Theywerecolorfuladvertisementswithadistinctstyle.Cohen,whobuildsexhibitionsinmuseumsandgalleries,waseagertouncoverwhowasbehindtheposters.Itwasn’teasy.“Ifoundthembygoingfromrestauranttorestaurantuntiltherewassomeonethathadtheirphonenumber,”Cohen,42,said,addingthathewashopingtoaskthemtocreateasignforhiswife’syogaandPilatesstudioinJacksonHeights.Whentheartists,CarlosandMiguelCevallos,methimathiswife’sstudiothatdayin2018,Cohenwasshockedtoseetwobrothersintheir80s,whofordecadeshavespenttheirdaysintheirsharedManhattanapartmentmakingadvertisingpostersbyhand.Theyhadlongbeenrelyingonwordofmouthtoattractnewclients.ThenCohensuggestedtheygetonsocialmediatopreservetheirwork.“Itshouldbedocumentedsoitdoesn’tdisappear,”Cohensaid.CohenofferedtocreateanInstagramaccountforthebrothers.Theywereonboardwiththeidea.Thebrothersalongwiththeirolderbrother,Victor,openedasignshopinBogotain1966.Victortaughthisyoungerbrothersallheknewaboutart.AfterVictormovedtoNewYorkin1969,hisbrotherseventuallyfollowedhim.Carloscamefirstin1974andproducedposterswithVictorinasmallartstudioinTimesSquare,andlaterinQueens.In2005,MiguelmovedtoNewYork.AfterVictor’sdeathin2012,MiguelandCarloscarriedontheirbrother’slegacy(遺產)bycontinuingtomakecustomposters.Migueloutlinesthelettersandimages,andCarlosisthecolorist.Recently,thebrothershavereceivedrequestsfrompotentialclientsacrosstheUnitedStates,aswellasinternationally.Thetwohavenoplanstopartwiththeirpensandpaintbrushesanytimesoon.Theyintendtomakeartindefinitely.4.WhydidCohentrytofindtheposterdesigners?A.Toreachouthandsforthem.B.Toorderasignforhiswife’sstudio.C.Tocollectpostersforhisexhibitions.D.Tolearnthetechniqueofmakingposters.5.HowdidCohenhelpthetwobrothers?A.Headvertisedthemwithposters.B.Hemadeadocumentaryforthem.C.Heintroducedsocialmediatothem.D.Hehousedtheminadowntownapartment.6.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingparagraph4?A.Toshowthetwobrothers’artisticorigins.B.Topresentthetwobrothers’distinctartstyles.C.Toexplainwhythetwobrothers’businessisontherise.D.Toillustratehowthetwobrotherswentthroughtheirtoughyears.7.Whatwillthetwobrothersdonext?A.Carryonwiththeirart.B.Promotetheirartglobally.C.Pursuetheirseparateinterestsinart.D.Attempttousenewtoolstodotheirart.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.A【解析】【導語】本文是記敘文。本文講述了制作手繪海報的80多歲的CarlosandMiguelCevallos兩兄弟的故事?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的““Ifoundthembygoingfromrestauranttorestaurantuntiltherewassomeonethathadtheirphonenumber,”Cohen,42,said,addingthathewashopingtoaskthemtocreateasignforhiswife’syogaandPilatesstudioinJacksonHeights.(42歲的科恩說：“我從一家餐廳到另一家餐廳尋找他們，直到有人有他們的號碼。”他還說，他希望請他們?yōu)樗拮釉诮芸诉d高地的瑜伽普拉提工作室制作一個標牌。)”可知，科恩試圖找到海報設計師是為了給他妻子的工作室定制標識牌。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“CohenofferedtocreateanInstagramaccountforthebrothers.Theywereonboardwiththeidea.(科恩提出為這對兄弟創(chuàng)建一個Instagram賬戶。他們贊成這個想法。)”可知，科恩通過介紹社交媒體給他們來幫助他們。故選C。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Thebrothers,alongwiththeirolderbrother,Victor,openedasignshopinBogotain1966.Victortaughthisyoungerbrothersallheknewaboutart.AfterVictormovedtoNewYorkin1969,hisbrotherseventuallyfollowedhim.Carloscamefirstin1974andproducedposterswithVictorinasmallartstudioinTimesSquare,andlaterinQueens.In2005,MiguelmovedtoNewYork.AfterVictor’sdeathin2012,MiguelandCarloscarriedontheirbrother’slegacy(遺產)bycontinuingtomakecustomposters.Migueloutlinesthelettersandimages,andCarlosisthecolorist.(1966年，這對兄弟和他們的哥哥維克多(Victor)在波哥大開了一家標識店。維克多把他所知道的藝術都教給了他的弟弟們。1969年維克托搬到紐約后，他的兄弟們也跟著搬到了紐約。1974年，卡洛斯第一次來到這里，和維克多一起在時代廣場的一個小藝術工作室制作海報，后來在皇后區(qū)。2005年，米格爾搬到了紐約。2012年維克多去世后，米格爾和卡洛斯繼承了他們兄弟的遺產，繼續(xù)制作定制海報。米格爾勾勒出字母和圖像，卡洛斯是調色師。)”可知，第四段介紹了兄弟倆制作海報的家族經歷，因此推斷作者寫本段的目的是展示兄弟倆的藝術起源。故選A。【7題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Thetwohavenoplanstopartwiththeirpensandpaintbrushesanytimesoon.Theyintendtomakeartindefinitely.(這兩個人短期內都不打算放棄他們的筆和畫筆。他們打算無限地創(chuàng)作藝術。)”可知，兩兄弟會繼續(xù)他們的藝術。故選A。CWeoftenshareimagesorthoughtsonsocialnetworks.Now,researchersattheUniversitatObertadeCatalunya(UOC)havedevelopedanalgorithm(算法)thatcananalysethecontentpeoplepostonline.AccordingtoWilliamGlasser’sChoiceTheory,therearefivebasicneeds:Survival,Power,Freedom,BelongingandFun.“TheseneedsevenhaveaninfluenceontheimageswechoosetouploadtoourInstagrampage,”explainedMohammadMahdiDehshibi,aresearcherattheUOC.TheresearchteamhasspenttwoyearsworkingonadeeplearningmodelthatidentifiesthefiveneedsdescribedbyGlasser.Forthestudy,whichhasbeenpublishedinthejournalIEEETransactionsonAffectiveputing,theresearchersanalyzed86Instagramprofiles,inbothSpanishandPersian(波斯語),anddevelopedanalgorithmtoidentifythecontentoftheimagesandcategorizetextualcontentbyassigningdifferentlabels.Glasser’stheoryarguesthateachchoiceusersmakeonsocialmediadoesnotrespondtojustonebasicneed—themultilabelapproachofthisstudyhelpstoclearitup.Dehshibiusesanexampletoexplainthis:“Imaginethatacyclistisridingupamountain,andatthetop,hecanchoosebetweensharingaselfie(自拍照)andagroupphoto.Ifhechoosestheselfie,weperceiveaneedforPower,butifhechoosestheotheroption,wecanconcludethatthepersonisnotonlylookingforFunbutalsoawaytosatisfyhisneedforBelonging.”“StudyingdatafromsocialnetworksthatbelongtononEnglishspeakinguserscouldhelpbuildinclusiveanddiversetoolsandmodelsforaddressingmentalhealthproblemsinpeoplewithdiverseculturalbackgrounds,”Dehshibiadds.Theresearchteambelievethattheirstudycanhelpimprovepreventivemeasures,rangingfromidentificationtoimprovedtreatmentwhenapersonhasbeendiagnosed(診斷)withamentalhealthdisorder.Backin2019,UniversityofVermontresearchersdevelopedanartificialintelligencebasedsystemthatcandetectsignsofanxietyinthespeechpatternsofyoungchildren.Meanwhile,puterscientistsfromtheUniversityofAlberta,Canada,havedevelopedalgorithmsthatcandetectandidentifydepressionthroughpeople’svoices.8.Whatcanthealgorithmbeusedtodo?A.IntroducingWilliamGlasser’sChoiceTheory.B.Creatingdifferentdatabasesfortheresearchteam.C.Identifyingusers’basicneedsfromthecontenttheyshareonline.D.Givingpeopleatooltopostimagesorthoughtsonsocialnetworks.9.HowdoesDehshibipresenthisideainParagraph4?A.Byprovidingdata. B.Bymakingparisons.C.Byquotingsayings. D.Bygivingexamples.10.Whatdoestheresearchteamthinkoftheirstudy?A.Itcansuggestwaystoimprovesocialnetworks.B.Itisusefulinhandlingmentalhealthproblems.C.Itishelpfulinchangingonlineusers’badhabits.D.Itcanlinkpeoplewithdiverseculturalbackgroundstogether.11.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs. B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation. D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述加泰羅尼亞Oberta大學研究人員開發(fā)了一種算法，可以從用戶在社交網絡上分享的文本和圖像中發(fā)現(xiàn)其可能存在的心理健康問題。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Now,researchersattheUniversitatObertadeCatalunya(UOC)havedevelopedanalgorithm(算法)thatcananalysethecontentpeoplepostonline.(現(xiàn)在，加泰羅尼亞Oberta大學（UOC）的研究人員開發(fā)了一種算法，可以分析人們在網上發(fā)布的內容)”和第三段中“TheresearchteamhasspenttwoyearsworkingonadeeplearningmodelthatidentifiesthefiveneedsdescribedbyGlasser.(研究團隊花了兩年時間研究一個深度學習模型，該模型可以識別Glasser描述的五種需求)”可知，該算法被用來從用戶在線分享的內容中識別用戶的基本需求。故選C。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Glasser’stheoryarguesthateachchoiceusersmakeonsocialmediadoesnotrespondtojustonebasicneed—themultilabelapproachofthisstudyhelpstoclearitup.Dehshibiusesanexampletoexplainthis(Glasser的理論認為，用戶在社交媒體上做出的每一個選擇都不僅僅是對一種基本需求的回應——這項研究的多標簽方法有助于理清這個問題。Dehshibi用了一個例子來解釋這一點)”可推知，Glasser是通過舉例來說明他的觀點。故選D。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Theresearchteambelievethattheirstudycanhelpimprovepreventivemeasures,rangingfromidentificationtoimprovedtreatmentwhenapersonhasbeendiagnosed(診斷)withamentalhealthdisorder.(研究小組認為，他們的研究可以幫助改善預防措施，從識別到改善治療，當一個人被診斷患有精神健康障礙時)”可推知，研究團隊認為他們的研究對處理心理健康問題很有用。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Backin2019,UniversityofVermontresearchersdevelopedanartificialintelligencebasedsystemthatcandetectsignsofanxietyinthespeechpatternsofyoungchildren.Meanwhile,puterscientistsfromtheUniversityofAlberta,Canada,havedevelopedalgorithmsthatcandetectandidentifydepressionthroughpeople’svoices.(早在2019年，佛蒙特大學的研究人員就開發(fā)了一種基于人工智能的系統(tǒng)，可以從幼兒的語言模式中檢測出焦慮的跡象。與此同時，加拿大阿爾伯塔大學的計算機科學家開發(fā)了一種算法，可以通過人們的聲音來檢測和識別抑郁癥)”可知，該段提到兩個例子與研究人員開發(fā)的算法類似。由此可知，最后一段作者是用來補充說明背景信息的。故選C。DOctopuses(章魚)arecolourblindandtheyusecameralikeeyestodetectlightpolarisation(偏振)instead.Lightpolarisationreferstotheplane(平面)atwhichlightwavestravel.Unpolarisedlightwavestravelforwardineveryplane,whilepolarisedlightonlytravelsinoneplane.Measuringtheeffectsoflightpolarisationonanimalresponsesisarduous,butUniversityofBristolresearchersdevelopedatechnologythatmadethisaloteasier.Althoughitwasknownthatoctopusescandetectlightpolarisation,thestudyisthefirsttoshowthatoctopuseshavethehighestsensitivitytothepolarisationoflight,paredtoanyotheranimaltestedsofar.“Weknewthatoctopuses,likemanymarine(海洋的)species,couldseepatternsinpolarisedlightmuchlikeweseecolour,butwehadnoideathattheycoulddosowhenthelightwas2%polarised—thatwasexciting,butevenmoreunexpectedwaswhenwethentestedhumansandfoundthattheywereabletoperceivepatternswhenthelightwas24%polarised,”saidleadresearcherProfessorShelbyTemple.Thisdiscoveryledtothedevelopmentofanewmedicaldevicethatcanquicklyandeasilyscreenpeopleforlowmacularpigments(黃斑色素),astrongriskfactorfordevelopingagerelatedmaculardegeneration(AMD).AMDisthemostmoncauseofincurableblindness,whichnormallyaffectspeopleintheir50sand60s.Thisnewdeviceopensthedoortotheregularscreeningofpatients,enablingeyecareprofessionalstobetteridentifyandsuggestappropriatelifestylechoicestopeopleatmoreriskofdevelopingAMD.Earlyscreeningformacularpigmentlevelswouldempowerpatientstotakebettercareoftheireyesbymakinglifestylechoices,suchaseatingmorefruitsandvegetables,andwearingsunglasses.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“arduous”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Adventurous. B.Necessary. C.Conventional. D.Laborious.13.WhichofthefollowinggreatlysurprisedtheresearchersaccordingtoTemple?A.Octopusescouldperceivepatternsinpolarisedlight.B.Humanscouldseecolourmuchlikeoctopusessawpatterns.C.Humanscouldseepatternswhenthelightwas24%polarised.D.Octopusescouldperceivecolourwhenthelightwas2%polarised.14.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellusaboutthenewdevice?A.Itspracticalsignificance. B.Itswidespreadpopularity.C.Thereasonsforimprovingit. D.Theprocessofemployingit.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.OctopuslikeDevicesInfluenceourLifestyleChoicesB.Octopuses’CameralikeEyesDetectLightPolarisationCOctopusinspiredInnovationHelpsFightHumanSightLossD.Octopuses’UniqueCharacteristicsAttractAttention【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講對章魚研究導致了一種檢測低黃斑色素新的醫(yī)療設備的開發(fā)，從而更能幫助保護眼睛?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“Measuringtheeffectsoflightpolarisationonanimalresponsesisarduous,butUniversityofBristolresearchersdevelopedatechnologythatmadethisaloteasier.(測量光偏振對動物反應的影響是，但布里斯托爾大學的研究人員開發(fā)了一種技術，使這項工作變得容易得多。)”可知，新技術讓工作容易多了，那說明原本這工作是很困難的，所以猜測arduous表“困難的”，與D項Laborious(費力的)意義一致。故選D項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Weknewthatoctopuses,likemanymarine(海洋的)species,couldseepatternsinpolarisedlightmuchlikeweseecolour,butwehadnoideathattheycoulddosowhenthelightwas2%polarised—thatwasexciting,butevenmoreunexpectedwaswhenwethentestedhumansandfoundthattheywereabletoperceivepatternswhenthelightwas24%polarised,(我們知道章魚和許多海洋物種一樣，可以在偏振光中看到圖案，就像我們看到顏色一樣，但我們不知道當光偏振2%時它們可以看到圖案——這很令人興奮，但更出乎意料的是，當我們測試人類時，發(fā)現(xiàn)當光偏振24%時，他們能夠感知圖案，)”可知，研究人員很驚訝當光線偏振24%時，人類可以看到圖案。故選C項?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章最后一段“Thisnewdeviceopensthedoortotheregularscreeningofpatients,enablingeyecareprofessionalstobetteridentifyandsuggestappropriatelifestylechoicestopeopleatmoreriskofdevelopingAMD.Earlyscreeningformacularpigmentlevelswouldempowerpatientstotakebettercareoftheireyesbymakinglifestylechoices,suchaseatingmorefruitsandvegetables,andwearingsunglasses.(這種新設備為定期篩查患者打開了大門，使眼科護理專業(yè)人員能夠更好地識別和建議更容易患AMD的人選擇適當?shù)纳罘绞?。黃斑色素水平的早期篩查將使患者能夠通過選擇生活方式，如多吃水果和蔬菜，戴太陽鏡，更好地照顧自己的眼睛。)”可知，本段主要講該設備實際的作用和意義。故選A項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第四段“Thisdiscoveryledtothedevelopmentofanewmedicaldevicethatcanquicklyandeasilyscreenpeopleforlowmacularpigments(黃斑色素),astrongriskfactorfordevelopingagerelatedmaculardegeneration(AMD).AMDisthemostmoncauseofincurableblindness,whichnormallyaffectspeopleintheir50sand60s.(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)導致了一種新的醫(yī)療設備的開發(fā)，該設備可以快速方便地對人們進行低黃斑色素篩查，這是患老年性黃斑變性（AMD）的一個重要風險因素。AMD是導致不治之癥的最常見原因，通常影響50多歲和60多歲的人。)”以及上下文可知，文章主要講對章魚研究導致了一種檢測低黃斑色素新的醫(yī)療設備的開發(fā)，從而更能幫助保護眼睛。所以C項OctopusinspiredInnovationHelpsFightHumanSightLoss(章魚啟發(fā)的創(chuàng)新有助于對抗人類視力下降)符合語境。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Recently,Guochao,“Chinachic”,hasbeengainingpopularityamongChineseconsumers.GuochaoconveystheculturalheritageandvaluesofChina.____16____.“Chinachic”isrising,butwhatisit?TheideaofGuochaowasfirstborrowedfromsomeinternationalbrands,andbegantowinoverChineseconsumersin2011.____17____.In2018,ChinesesportswearbandLiNingpresenteditsWuDao(theprinciplesofTaoism)collectionattheNewYorkFashionWeek.ItfeaturedbrightredcolorandChinesecharacters.Morebrandshavesincefollowed,markingtheearlystageofGuochao.____18____.Thiswasaperiodwhenapplicationsofbigdata,epayment,and5Gtechnologyhitthemarketoneafteranother.DomestictechpaniessuchasHuawei,Xiaomi,andDJImadeheadlines.Initsthirdstage,Guochaobecamemoremonineverydaylife.Overthepastdecade,Guochaohasexpandedfromconsumergoodstoexperientialproducts.Asconsumersareshowinggreaterinterestinculturalidentityandcreativity,productionsliketheTVprogramNationalTreasure,andthedanceshowNightBanquetinTangDynastyPalaceintegrateculturalandhistoricalelementswiththelatestaudiovisualtechnologies.____19____.Nowadays,Guochaoismovingtothenextstage.Nomatterhowthetrendevolves,Chinesepeople’spositiveattitudetowardthecountry’sdevelopmentandtheirrecognitionofandgrowingconfidenceinnationalculturewon’tchange.____20____.Seenfromabroaderperspective,GuochaomirrorstheriseofChina,acountryeagertomakeitspresencefeltglobally.Guochaoisastyle,butmoreimportantly,ittransmitscultureandvalues.A.Thetrendgrewinthefollowingyears.B.Theygivetheviewersatotallynewexperience.C.ThenextstagesawtheriseofChina’snativefashiontrends.D.Italsoexpressesnationalprideandconfidenceinanewera.E.ThesecondperiodofGuochaomainlyfeatureshitechindustries.F.Itssuccesswillrelyfirstandforemostongainingculturalconfidence.G.Theconceptof“MadeinChina”wasrecognizedastherepresentationofChineseculture.【答案】16.D17.A18.E19.B20.F【解析】【導語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了國潮的發(fā)展過程及原因。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“GuochaoconveystheculturalheritageandvaluesofChina.(國潮傳達了中國的文化遺產和價值觀。)”可知，上文介紹了國潮的意義，國潮傳達了中國的文化遺產和價值觀，D項意為“它也表達了民族自豪感和對新時代的信心?！?，選項能夠承接上文，補充說明了國潮的意義，它也表達了民族自豪感和對新時代的信心。故選D。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“TheideaofGuochaowasfirstborrowedfromsomeinternationalbrands,andbegantowinoverChineseconsumersin2011.(國潮的理念最初是從一些國際品牌那里借來的，并于2011年開始贏得中國消費者的青睞。)”可知，本段介紹了國潮的發(fā)展過程，A項意為“這一趨勢在接下來的幾年里有所增長。”，選項能夠承接上文，國潮的理念于2011年開始贏得中國消費者的青睞，在接下來的幾年里有所增長。故選A。【18題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Thiswasaperiodwhenapplicationsofbigdata,epayment,and5Gtechnologyhitthemarketoneafteranother.(這是一個大數(shù)據(jù)、電子支付和5G技術應用相繼進入市場的時期。)”可知，本段介紹了國潮與科技發(fā)展的關系，E項意為“國潮的第二個時期以高科技產業(yè)為主。”，選項能夠引起下文，下文的“大數(shù)據(jù)、電子支付和5G技術”是對“高科技產業(yè)”的舉例。故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Asconsumersareshowinggreaterinterestinculturalidentityandcreativity,productionsliketheTVprogramNationalTreasure,andthedanceshowNightBanquetinTangDynastyPalaceintegrateculturalandhistoricalelementswiththelatestaudiovisualtechnologies.(隨著消費者對文化身份和創(chuàng)造力表現(xiàn)出更大的興趣，電視節(jié)目《國寶》和舞蹈節(jié)目《唐宮夜宴》等作品將文化和歷史元素與最新的視聽技術相結合。)”可知，上文介紹了一些將文化和歷史元素與最新的視聽技術相結合的節(jié)目，B項意為“他們給觀眾一種全新的體驗?！保x項能夠承接上文，這些電視節(jié)目給觀眾一種全新的體驗。故選B。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Nowadays,Guochaoismovingtothenextstage.Nomatterhowthetrendevolves,Chinesepeople’spositiveattitudetowardthecountry’sdevelopmentandtheirrecognitionofandgrowingconfidenceinnationalculturewon’tchange.(如今，國潮正在邁向下一個階段。無論這一趨勢如何演變，中國人民對國家發(fā)展的積極態(tài)度以及對民族文化的認可和日益增強的信心都不會改變。)”可知，上文介紹了國潮的發(fā)展是取決于中國人民對國家發(fā)展的積極態(tài)度以及對民族文化的認可和日益增強的信心，F(xiàn)項意為“它的成功首先取決于獲得文化自信。”，選項能夠承接上文，因為中國人民獲得文化自信，所以國潮才會持續(xù)發(fā)展。故選F。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項?！癗ewRecruits(招募)Wanted.”This____21____caughtmyeyeandrevived(重新喚起)thedreamIhadsincemychildhood.But,justas____22____,IremindedmyselfthatIwasgettingclosetosixty.Hesitatingforawhile,Ifinallyenteredthehallandfilledouta(n)____23____.MydreamofbeingafirefighterbeganwhenIwatchedthetelevisionshowRescue8,____24____withthecooperationoftheLosAngelesFireDepartmentwhenIwasyoung.Unfortunately,lifedoesn’tfollowyoungpeople’sdreams.Acareerinconstruction,afamilyto____25____,andmanyotherfactorsgotinthewayofvolunteeringwiththelocalfiredepartment.Now,____26____retirement,mywifeandIhavejustrelocatedtoabeautifulvillagenearSeattle.Ihavetimetogive.Tomydelight,Iwasacceptedfor____27____.Yes,Iwastheoldestrecruit,anditwasso____28____thatIwasreadytodropoutoneday.WhenIgothomefrompracticethatday,afriendcameover.IwasabouttosayIcould____29____doitanymorewhenhepassedmeabeautifullyillustratedbookoffirefighterswhoarein____30____,withapersonalizedmessageofinspiration,encouragingmetofollowmydream.AsIlookedthroughthe____31____,Ifeltamazedatthecourageanddevotionofthesebrave____32____.ItgavemethestrengthIneededtocarryon.Overthenextfewweeks,thetrainingcontinuedtobetough,butIneverlost____33____again.Ilosttwentypounds,buteventuallyIwascertificatedasafirefighter.AndnowIcandrivethebigredtrucksand____34____mymunity.Whenmostofmyfriendsareretiring,I’m____35____anewcareerIlove.AndIknowthatyou'renevertoooldtotakeonnewchallenges;nevertoooldtofollowyourdreams.21.A.promise B.signal C.guideline D.sign22.A.quickly B.accurately C.fundamentally D.originally23.A.diagram B.memory C.application D.appointment24.A.written B.filmed C.described D.promoted25.A.rescue B.treasure C.build D.raise26.A.incaseof B.infavorof C.inhopeof D.intimeof27.A.performing B.working C.training D.advertising28.A.demanding B.crucial C.anxious D.helpful29.A.gradually B.regularly C.barely D.particularly30.A.surprise B.action C.debt D.return31.A.tips B.pages C.speeches D.indications32A.partners B.colleagues C.individuals D.assistants33.A.patience B.focus C.fantasy D.sense34.A.control B.organize C.represent D.serve35.A.pursuing B.shifting C.creating D.recalling【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25.D26.D27.C28.A29.C30.B31.B32.C33.B34.D35.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者在快要到60歲的時候追求理想，最終通過艱苦的訓練，作者成為了一名消防員。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個標志引起了我的注意，讓我想起了兒時的夢想。A.promise承諾；B.signal信號；C.guideline指導方針；D.sign標志，跡象。根據(jù)上文“NewRecruits(招募)Wanted”可知，這是一個“標志”。故選D。【22題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，很快，我提醒自己，我已經快60歲了。A.quickly快速地；B.accurately準確地；C.fundamentally從根本上；D.originally最初地。根據(jù)下文“IremindedmyselfthatIwasgettingclosetosixty”可知，“很快”，作者提醒自己已經快60歲了，不適合再工作。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：猶豫了一會兒，我終于進了大廳，填了一份申請表。A.diagram圖表；B.memory記憶；C.application申請表；D.appointment約會。根據(jù)上文“NewRecruits(招募)Wanted”和“filledout”可知，作者是去填了一份“申請表”。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我成為一名消防員的夢想始于我年輕時觀看與洛杉磯消防局合作拍攝的電視節(jié)目《營救8號》。A.written寫；B.filmed拍攝電影；C.described描述；D.promoted促進