新課標(biāo)2024高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)專(zhuān)題練習(xí)13構(gòu)詞法

PAGEPAGE1專(zhuān)題練習(xí)十三構(gòu)詞法A(2024·河南項(xiàng)城高三段考)TheSilkRoadisinfact__1__relativelyrecentterm.Theseancientroadshadnoparticularnameuntilinthemid-nineteenthcentury;BaronFerdinandVonRichthofennamedthetradeandcommunicationnetworktheSilkRoad.Sincethentheterm__2__(accept)globally.Inthenineteenthcentury,anewtypeoftravelerssteppedontotheSilkRoad:archaeologistsandgeographers,enthusiasticexplorerswhowereeager__3__(look)foradventure.ResearcherswhocamefrommanycountriestraveledthroughtheTaklamakanDesert,__4__isnowinXinjiang,toexploreancientsitesalongtheSilkRoad,__5__(lead)tomanydiscoveriesandstudies,andmostofall,arenewedinterest__6__thehistoryoftheseroutes.Today,manyhistoric__7__(build)andmonumentsstillstand,markingthepassageoftheSilkRoadthroughhotels,portsandcities.What'smore,thelong-standinglegacy(遺產(chǎn))ofthis__8__(remark)networkisreflectedinalargenumberofcultures,languages,customsandreligionsthathavedevelopedformanyyearsalongtheseroutes.Thepassageofmerchantsandtravelersofmanydifferentnationalitiesresultednotonlyincommercialexchange,__9__inawidespreadandcontinualprocessofculturalinteraction.__10__(obvious),ithasbecomeadrivingforceintheformation(形成)ofdiversesocieties.這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講解并描述絲綢之路的歷史和它的現(xiàn)代意義。1．a(chǎn)解析：考查副詞。句意：絲綢之路是一個(gè)相對(duì)近期的術(shù)語(yǔ)。term“術(shù)語(yǔ)”是可數(shù)名詞，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境用單數(shù)，故填a。2．has_been_accepted解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。由Sincethen可推斷，句子用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)theterm和accept之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填hasbeenaccepted。3．to_look解析：考查固定搭配。beeagertodosth.“渴望做某事”，是常用搭配，故填tolook。4．which解析：考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句?！癬_4__isnowinXinjiang”作定語(yǔ)，先行詞是theTaklamakanDesert，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，指物，用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。故填which。5．leading解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！癬_5__(lead)tomanydiscoveriesandstudies”是狀語(yǔ)，lead與其邏輯主語(yǔ)Researchers之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示意料之內(nèi)的結(jié)果用現(xiàn)在分詞，故填leading。6．in解析：考查介詞。interestin“對(duì)……的愛(ài)好”，是常用搭配。故填in。7．buildings解析：考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，句意：今日，很多歷史性的建筑和紀(jì)念碑仍舊聳立在那里。故填buildings。8．remarkable解析：考查形容詞。修飾名詞network用形容詞作定語(yǔ)，remark“評(píng)論”是名詞，形容詞是remarkable“非凡的；卓越的”。故填remarkable。9．but解析：考查固定搭配。句意：很多不同民族的商人和旅行者的到來(lái)不僅帶來(lái)了商業(yè)溝通，而且?guī)?lái)了廣泛而持續(xù)的文化互動(dòng)過(guò)程。notonly...but(also)．..“不僅……而且……”，是固定搭配，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，故填but。10．Obviously解析：考查副詞。obviously是狀語(yǔ)，作狀語(yǔ)用副詞形式，置于句首單詞首字母大寫(xiě)。故填Obviously。B(2024·四川省成都外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校月考)ForNigelPortman,aloveoftravellingbeganwithwhat'scalleda“gapyear”.IncommonwithmanyotherBritishteenagers,hechose__1__(take)ayearoutbeforesettlingdowntostudyforhisdegree.Afterdoingvarious__2__(job)toraisesomemoney,helefthometogainsomeexperienceoflifeindifferentcultures,visitingAmericaandAsia.Themoreadventurousayoungperson,the__3__(great)challengetheyarelikelytoset__4__(them)forthegapyear,andforsome,likeNigel,itcanresultinathirstforadventure.Nowthathisuniversitycourse__5__(come)toanend,Nigelisjustabouttoleaveonathree-yeartripthatwilltakehimrightaroundtheworld.What'smore,heplanstomakethewholejourney__6__(use)onlymeansoftransportwhicharepoweredbynaturalenergy.Inotherwords,he'llberelying__7__(main)onbicyclesandhisownlegs;andwhenthere'sanoceantocross,hewon'tbetakingashortcut(捷徑)__8__flyingaboard—he'llbejoiningthecrewofasailingship,instead.Aswellasdoingsomemountainclimbingalong__9__way,Nigelhopestopassontothepeoplehemeetstheenvironmentalmessage__10__liesbehindthewholeidea.本文是一篇記敘文，講解并描述的是NigelPortman的旅行。對(duì)NigelPortman來(lái)說(shuō)，對(duì)旅行的酷愛(ài)始于所謂的“間隔年”。和很多其他英國(guó)青少年一樣，他選擇了一年的時(shí)間，然后才安定下來(lái)攻讀學(xué)位。1．to_take解析：考查固定搭配。choosetodosth.選擇做某事，故答案為totake。2．jobs解析：考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。依據(jù)various(各種各樣的)可知后面用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故答案為jobs。3．greater解析：考查固定句式。句意：年輕人越喜愛(ài)冒險(xiǎn)，他們就有可能在間隔年給自己設(shè)定更大的挑戰(zhàn)。The＋比較級(jí)，the＋比較級(jí)，越……就越……。故答案為greater。4．themselves解析：考查反身代詞。句意：年輕人越喜愛(ài)冒險(xiǎn)，他們就有可能在間隔年給自己設(shè)定更大的挑戰(zhàn)。結(jié)合句意可知此處用反身代詞，故答案為themselves。5．has_come解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：高校課程已經(jīng)結(jié)束了。句子用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，句子主語(yǔ)是course，單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)形式，故答案為hascome。6．using解析：考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：他安排用自然能源驅(qū)動(dòng)的交通工具來(lái)完成整個(gè)旅程。動(dòng)詞use和主語(yǔ)he之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故此處用現(xiàn)在分詞作方式狀語(yǔ)，故答案為using。7．mainly解析：考查副詞。此處rely是動(dòng)詞，副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，故答案為mainly。8．by/through解析：考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。by/throughdoingsth.通過(guò)做某事，故答案為by/through。9．the解析：考查固定詞組。句意：除了沿途爬山之外，Nigel還希望把他遇到的環(huán)境信息傳遞給人們，這是整個(gè)想法背后的緣由。alongtheway沿途，一路上，故答案為the。10．that/which解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處message是先行詞，指物，后面是定語(yǔ)從句，缺少主語(yǔ)，故答案為which/that。C(2024·福清華僑中學(xué)高三期中)Asasayinggoes,hewhodoesn'treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.TheGreatWallinChina__1__(impress)everyonewhoseesforthefirsttime__2__thegeneraltouriststoscholars.Thevastnessofthestructurehelpschildrengraspthegreat__3__(achieve)inhumanhistoryandcanhelpinspirethem__4__(learn)moreabouthumansuccessoveronethousandyears.__5__(construct)overaperiodof2,000years,thestonesolider__6__(actual)consistsofmanygreatwalls,someof__7__datebacktothefifthcenturyBC.ThefirstemperorofChina,QinShiHuang,__8__(order)theseearlierlongwallsectionslinkedandextendedwithwatchtowerstoprotectthenewempirefromnortherntribes.Succeedingemperorsanddynastiescontinuedtheconstruction,__9__(spread)westwardintotheGobideserttoguard__10__SilkRoad.Alltogether,thewallsmayhavestretchedmorethan30,000miles.文章講解并描述了世界奇跡長(zhǎng)城的起源、建設(shè)過(guò)程和深遠(yuǎn)影響。1．impresses解析：考查動(dòng)詞。此處指長(zhǎng)城給每個(gè)第一次看到它的人留下深刻印象，與主語(yǔ)一樣用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，故填impresses。2．from解析：考查介詞。此處表示從一般游客到學(xué)者，from...to...“從……到……”，故填from。3．a(chǎn)chievements解析：考查名詞。此處由great修飾，用名詞，指宏大的成就。故填achievements。4．to_learn解析：考查動(dòng)詞不定式。inspiresb.todosth.激發(fā)某人做某事，故填tolearn。5．Constructed解析：考查過(guò)去分詞。句中主語(yǔ)thestonesoldier和動(dòng)詞construct是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，指被建立。此處是過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，故填Constructed。6．a(chǎn)ctually解析：考查副詞。此處修飾動(dòng)詞consist，用副詞，指實(shí)際組成，故填actually。7．which解析：考查關(guān)系代詞。句中包含定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是walls，指物，放在介詞of后用關(guān)系代詞which，故填which。8．ordered解析：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。依據(jù)ThefirstemperorofChina,QinShiHuang，可知是敘述秦始皇時(shí)期的事，指秦始皇吩咐把各段長(zhǎng)城連接起來(lái)，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填ordered。9．spreading解析：考查動(dòng)詞形式。此處指隨后的皇帝和朝代接著建設(shè)長(zhǎng)城，使它向西延長(zhǎng)到戈壁沙漠。此處是現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明theconstruction。故填spreading。10．the解析：考查冠詞。此處特指絲綢之路theSilkRoad，用定冠詞the表特指，故填the。D(2024·安徽宿城一中高三質(zhì)檢)Tosupporttheactivityname“GreenTravel,StartwithMe”，Italktomyparentsaboutmyideas.Theywereverysupportive,saytheywouldnotdriveworkfromthenon.Inthefollowingweeks,astheypromised,Iwenttoschoolbybikeeveryday,whilemyparentswenttoworkbybus.Thoughweweretired,butweallfelthappily.LastFriday,theclassmeetingwasheld.Someparentswereinvited,includingmyfatherandmother.Wesharedourthoughtduringthemeeting.Allofusheldthesameviewwhichenvironmentalprotectionissoimportantforourlife.答案Tosupporttheactivityeq\o(name,\s\do10(named))“GreenTravel,StartwithMe”，Ieq\o(talk,\s\do10(talked))tomyparentsaboutmyideas.Theywereverysupportive,eq\o(say,\s\do10(saying))theywouldnotdriveeq\o(∧,\s\do10(to))workfromthenon.Inthefollowingweeks,aseq\o(they,\s\do10(we))promised,Iwenttoschoolbybikeeveryday,whilemyparentswenttoworkbybus.Thoughweweretired,eq\o(but,＼)weallfelteq\o(happily,\s\do10(happy)).LastFriday,eq\o(the,\s\do10(a))classmeetingwasheld.Someparentswereinvited,includingmyfatherandmother.Wesharedoureq\o(thought,\s\do10(thoughts))duringthemeeting.Allofusheldthesamevieweq\o(which,\s\do10(that))environmentalprotectionissoimportantforourlife.E(2024·攀枝花市高三其次次統(tǒng)考)IamaGradeThreestudentinChina.IhopetogotoyouruniversitytolearnEnglishafterfinishmyhighschool.EnglishplayedanimportantpartinourdailylifebutIlikeitsomuchthatIwanttobeateacherofEnglish.IhavealittledifficultinEnglish.ButIwillstudyhardlytoimproveitifIhaveanopportunitygotoyouruniversity.Besides,Ilikeyourcitybecauseithasanenvironmentwhichdifferswithmycity.AndIwillmakemanyfriendandcommunicatefrequentlywithhim.I'dappreciateitifyoutakemyapplicationintotheconsideration.答案IamaGradeThreestudentinChina.IhopetogotoyouruniversitytolearnEnglishaftereq\o(finish,\s\do10(finishing))myhighschool.Englisheq\o(played,\s\do10(plays))animportantpartinourdailylifeeq\o(but,\s\do10(and))IlikeitsomuchthatIwanttobeateacherofEnglish.Ihavealittleeq\o(difficult,\s\do10(difficulty))inEnglish.ButIwillstudyeq\o(hardly,\s\do10(hard))toimproveitifIhaveanopportunityeq\o(∧,\s\do10(to))gotoyouruniversity.Besides,Ilikeyourcitybecauseithasanenvironmentwhichdifferseq\o(with,\s\do10(from))mycity.AndIwillmakemanyeq\o(friend,\s\do10(friends))andcommunicatefrequentlywitheq\o(him,\s\do10(them)).I'dappreciateitifyoutakemyapplicationintoeq\o(the,＼)consideration.F(2024·廈門(mén)雙十中學(xué)高三期中)Ilikedcyclingverymuch.Atageoftwelve,myfatherboughtmeabikeasabirthdaygiftsandtaughtmehowtoride.Everytimemyfathertookhimoutforpractice,mylittlebrotherwouldcomealong.Oneday,wewerepracticingwhilesuddenlymybro